what secrets lie behind these discovered mileage benches and 360 degrees and explore fascinating. both heritage selling dw world heritage 360. now the 3rd 3 top athletes works hard to ensure their body performs, edits best, some swear by hip notices, like this young athlete from switzerland who specializes in to cast law the he's convinced chip noses, kimberly's inner blockages that hold him back that and more coming up on dw science, you're welcome to tomorrow. today, the

fraser. you now seem on a how mine has been working with the on button. get a sports hypnotist. they tackle different topics in each session today it's running a good so you to make some calls. so i'm not happy with that runs deal with him. i know i could also run 260 or 245, a busy, but i'm always inhibited by sit and see it all respect at the start. the where i doubt if i can manage that times the loan. honey sloth isn't. does that always bother you in racing beyond what do i put? i think it's something i always said to myself as a boy, it really annoys maple. it's basically about how that distinction from you, the beginning, the hypnosis access to it's i want you to prepare to drift stone into a much deeper state of relaxation and the light after around 5 minutes. the more in a honda is physically and mentally relaxed and it had no sex, thomas,

you know now now it's time to stop the actual hypnotherapy. close to i want you to allow the emotions that are inside you to become stronger and more intense. let your emotions come to the 4 months ago and it was really to spice one eyes. what are you doing? what's most running? we all, how old are you? 9 or 10? so. okay. how do you feel afraid is if i, what are you afraid of? just on the distance so far to run. yeah. just under a year ago, a how much developed to problem with another discipline? whole thing suddenly things seem to work anymore. is supposed to be on think about was half of the piece failed 3 times. that is

a starting height of 4 meters, 15 feet depth and see this head back fine. let me, let me get started. after i saw a colleague of mine have an accident on the pole bolts existence. it was certainly wasn't nice to watch it, but it became like a trigger a month later when things went badly on multiple junk. even if i hadn't injured myself or anything. but i kept thinking, oh doctor, it happened to me to see it once it towards my confidence it operates or see on nothing was the same anymore as up a whole new account. let me see spark on of the negative emotions was the lifting the athlete during pole vaulting competitions and thought, i believe that mental strength means having the right emotions at the right moment and not the wrong lives. we'd greatly underestimate the huge influence that emotions have on our physical performance. i kind of felt that we took him to stay during the therapy sessions. he was able to overcome the problem to pick north

and the nurses doesn't take away your nervousness or tension that all the events may have. but it kind of shows that the emotions you have about the disappeared no, no negative, but positive. so the name of forces, nothing more with i succeed since then the know how my wants to work when his 1000 me to races by neutralizing his fees and turning them into positive emotions. the existing goal for you, your body soaking up the will. the will to persevere that the strength as opposite of the ability to go to the absolute limit to push your body to the limit limits, putting the hosting it into the emotions which set on now very presence the thing. but i also have to be able to do this myself. so the idea of thing would be to

continue this at home to keep visualizing evidence. i like you said, fall before the race to focus on it. so you can get into the right emotion quickly and these today he wants to any one has also use took notes as to discuss some javelin events when he keeps warehousing the perfect throat and his mind more successfully following such as like when i'm under hypnosis and i'm watching the puppy throw and then internalize it. on the one hand i'm there is a spectator of watching. and on the other, on the pro, i'm making the perfect ro develops. what if i'm not so what i do, i visualize it over and over and to hit most is to internalize the technique subconsciously. i think that the most opening is rigorous training the right diet and hypnosis. the monet hemma that seems to be the perfect

combination. the emotions and a sub conscious play of find a role even for someone in a coma. many patients who are placed in an artificial coma suffer trauma symptoms later on. human interaction is perhaps especially important for small children. benyamin has been here for several months. he has a serious heart and lung condition of children like him and usually put into a deep coma after surgery. but then you mean was allowed to wake up, not long after his operation. his parents don't just sit at his bedside. they remove his breathing tube and drain mucus from his windpipe. they're actively involved in his cap. i'm from how much on him. i felt quite apprehensive doing it

that fast. and then we'll cables and chips are attached to your child, the more none of us to feel about touching anything. we've talked to her a while ago about to come with a 5. and if it was this guy to my defensive helpless, as i said, we often styled has gone away, specifically happened over 9 months long as we started off just changing as map and watching him. and then gradually we got into a children's intensive care unit. so usually pretty quiet, that's because most children, us, the dated but at this clinic in the city of tubing and doctors believe it's more beneficial for children to be able to interact with that parents. because studies show that being in a coma doesn't prevent emotional stress. and vice and switching, i'm so dusty pets, we now know that kind of patients are aware of many, many things, including unpleasant things or something that they can't express themselves. so the aim here is to see how much sedation do they actually need to know. we don't want

them to suffer, but we do want them to be as awake as possible as soon as possible from provide to move yourself. we don't want to create and come to the doctors. it felt wrong to pump the children full of medication in the belief they wouldn't then feel anything . i'm just, we thought if this were our child, we would want to do things differently. so we started very gradually reducing the medication to see what would happen if the children bore more away. you can have a husband that breaking with a decades long practice. parents head can go in and out and touch that children. and the children know not to how well on the longer and then also official come up to so long neck ups of liquid. and we had a lot of critics who weren't that the children would feel distressed, anxious with hands. and i'm finding that in some cases, it would be like torment for them, some tire of each face, and also that the children would endanger themselves if they were awake, by pulling out a breeding to or some other important to you. and then be students who can see you,

i'm just kind of, we observe them very closely and found that didn't happen. on the contrary, i see them getting tests. we aim to have the children awake so that they know where they are and field oriented. at a child like that, a doesn't pull out of tube eyes this type of golf holes. but critically ill children do need that loss of care. and those who are conscious need more care and attention than if they were sedated. so the hospitalized in florida therapeutic nurse who plays and talks to the children, especially when the parents come be that plus a psychologist who supports them, nothing stuff. and of course the parents don't seem to conduct was pay the children are okay because much as possible. and aware of what's going on, tired. and they meet the parents. but because the other people who, what carol strange is strange voices strange comes and they change every few hours . the parents provide continuous a. it's a paradigm shift in particular of excellence. they still need additional stuff at

a time when skills medical workers are in short supply. but the team will convince this approach will pay off in the long sell. in the zoom that this mission here will, it wouldn't cost more fun and we're investing a little more now in preventing long term problems. so that later we have healthy children and better adjusted families as a result of cost for media. and i'm so how are having parents constantly on the board and very sick children expressing the needs is own shot, the territory for the investing stuff too. but they say it's a big improvement a plus how much time convinced that this way the parents and children who be significantly less affected by post traumatic stress disorder stuff. and then i live, we're learning from it. and it's also fun to work with children who are awake because they show you what they need. we may have learned that fluid needs to be aspirated at such and such a point. but we find actually the child doesn't need that right now,

because of this up. savannah, artificial comas on sedation, can produce long term problems such as, i'm excited to sleep disorders, developmental delays, and weak muscles, because the children don't move on to this. i know that especially any other thing is when the children are awake, we use less medication and have fewer problems with drug withdrawal afterwards on hand. we also know that extended sedation contributor of pediatric delirium media. obviously it's not gonna have serious long term consequences. the hospital has received almost 10000000 euros and research funding from the german government to test whether these methods can reduce long term problems with children who are a wage unsupported by the parents. in germany alone, $17000000.00 doses of anesthetics are administered every year. and did you know that anesthetic gases are more harmful to the climate than carbon dioxide?

the greenhouse gas and nitrous oxide, or laughing gas also plays a key role in depleting the ozone layer. in 1985, we were screwed and made csc gases have severely damaged cios and le gases from fridges, air condition isn't. half price had torn the massive fall into the shield, which protects us against uv radiation. 2 years later, countries around the world came together and then more than $100.00 substances responsible for the whole. and that saves the wage and major damage. today the ozone layer is on track to make a full recovery, largely due to the montreal protocol. just they ignored one things, nitrous oxide, better known as loss. and guess this stuff is no joke. uh it is in the past that can become now the just remaining swear to the ozone layer and could undo one of the biggest environmental successes that humanity is

ever experienced. and as if that wasn't enough, it's also super potent greenhouse gas that makes global warming and a lot worse. so why has no one talking about nitrous oxide? and how can we stop this stuff from building up in our atmosphere? you probably know nitrous oxide from things that will kenneth this, but what is it into oh, is a colorless gas that's made up of nitrogen and oxygen? english. kim is joel. just briefly 1st synthesize that in 1772. and that's a chemist test. experimented with a gas and discovered that bracing it in makes you feel light headed. he called it laughing gas in the 19th century. nitrous oxide became a real hit at so called laughing guest parties, which were basically a bunch of rich people getting high on it. at one of these bodies, american dentist power as well, it's got the idea to inhale the gas as a painkiller. before having it tooth extracted. he introduced the method into medicine where it still is use today. and apparently it hasn't lost any of it's

a traction as a potty direct either or the school a thing is levels of nitrous oxide was stable for centuries, but the amount we pumped into the atmosphere has increased by a staggering 30 percent in the past 40 years alone, there are many reasons for that, and we get to them. first, we need to understand why this much nitrous oxide and our address here is a problem. well, nitrous oxide, not only destroys the ozone layer, it also works as a greenhouse gas and trips. the heat from the sun in the atmosphere is the 3rd most abundant greenhouse gas of the carbon dioxide and re sign. it's just no one really knows about it. somebody needs to be an advocate for the 3rd most important greenhouse gas. and so here i am ignoring it is a bad idea. it's around $265.00 times better a tripping heat than c o 2. and once it's in the atmosphere, it stays there for about $114.00. just accounting for about 6 percent of global warming, which doesn't sound like a lot. but when we have such

a small window to stay below 1.5 degrees, every single emission. so where does all these nitrous oxide in the atmosphere even come from around? half of it comes from nature like forest oceans or so is this is inevitable. what not inevitable is global warming, the 100 gets to more access the microbes than i was. so it's are nitrogen into nitrous oxide to mole nitrous oxide. we release the woman the climate guest tomorrow night. we're so excited me release of the result of the really difficult situation to rebecca on top of that comes the nitrous oxide as humans reduced as a byproduct of bio bus, burning, burning fossil fuels or waste water for example. or because we still use it at the dentist, but these are by far not the biggest players. the biggest store is accounting for

about 2 thirds of all human costs, nitrous oxide emissions. agriculture. humanity has this very complicated relationship with much to dispose of essential resource site. our student system does nothing without it. and at the same time, it is one of the biggest threats, the environment and human health. when in the way it's us to the in find the good old days pharmacy has been your composts or the times that find nitrogen to make their soil richer and nitrogen. but everything changed in the early 20th century. that's when german chemist, catawba, and chi bush invented a method that turned agriculture upside down. they later won the nobel prize for this. thanks to the so called have a process. it was suddenly possible to produce massive amounts of ammonia fertilizer and put massive amounts of nitrogen onto our truck. in the last 60 is the amount of nitrogen fertilizer we use has increased 10 fold. this has made it possible to feed a growing population just we're over doing it

a bit. every year we spent more than a $100000000.00 tons of synthetic nitrogen fertilizer on our crops. but only about half of it makes its way into the plants. the rest is taken up by different microbes and the soil which turn it into nitrous oxide. among other things, the i pcc estimates that for every 100 units of nitrogen applied at least one kilo is last us into o n. depending on where you are, it can be much more. we found it to be as high as 3 or 4 percent in the systems where we were in the, in the sort of north central iowa. but it's nitrous oxide goes out the source also takes in and binds carbon dioxide to the number one climate killer. couldn't that balance it out in any of these corn? and so it'd be an agricultural systems the ongoing emissions of nitrous oxide from the soil to the atmosphere can have a much greater negative impact on climate. then the most optimistic benefits that we might get by storing additional carbon. the other big players,

the chemical industry accounting for around 14 percent of nitrous oxide emissions. here it comes as a byproduct when we make a depict and nitric acid. we need these for producing nylon cars, fertilize this or explosive. in 2018, the biggest blond into us admitted into o equivalent to the carbon dioxide pollution from 2000000 cars. in the coming decades, emissions are expected to increase even more if they are more and more people on the planet, we need more food to make more waste and products. that's why we need to think about solutions as most human make. nitrous oxide emissions come from agriculture, this is where we can expect the greatest success. so it's inevitable that there will always be some nitrous oxide emissions. question is, can we kind of re design our agricultural system to make it much,

much more efficient so that we can sort of the couple this food production always partially the couple the food production from the nitrous oxide production, the biggest fix would be to waste less fertilize that we should use just as much as needed when the crops needed, but we won't know what the right amount of nitrogen to apply is until the season is over. and so this is a real challenge for farmers, right? who have to, you know, maximize their long term income to say to stay in business. busy many farmers supply the nitrogen and fall off to the harvest. the sewing is easier to plow, then the farmers have less to do. let us know cons like growing the nitrogen just it's there until the early spring. and a lot of this last 2 of the environment optimized for lies less can also help, like adding nitrous occasion inhibitors that can slow down how quickly my troops transform ammonium. or especially coaching on the fluids lies that can delay the

release of nitrogen in the soil and make it available when the plants actually need it. optimized for allies replication. so not the special intensive pos, but also for you to be beneficial in terms of microsoft side emissions changing the way we farm can also help, like planting nitrogen, fixing krupps, rotating crops, or applying the fruit. eliza as close to the roots as possible. sounds straightforward. so why aren't all farmers doing this? tom is a very constrained in the decisions that they can make it constrained by regulatory forces. market forces, cultural forces, behavioral forces, knowledge courses, social forces full of those actors, shape. what have found that doesn't this deal by the farmer actually has a quite narrow decision making space. so it's complicated. what's much less complicated, reducing nitrous oxide emissions from industry. all we need to do is put these little things into smoke stacks where nitrous oxide causes through they act as

a catalyst and help break up nitrous oxide into di, nitrogen and oxygen foster. and they're extremely effective getting rid of almost all the nitrous oxide but not all companies do it. and there's in very few countries. is there really a legal requirement for them to do it? that's not a technological problem. it's not really even an economic problem. it's basically a political problem. it's policies are in place, they can be very effective. 13 years ago, countries in the you implemented the nitrous directive. its goal was to protect water from nitric pollution. as a result, emissions from agricultural, sorry, is decreased by 21 percent. just policies like these are few and far between. we did a now analysis a couple of years ago of all of the nitrogen policies around the world and the county exist. one thing that shocked us in particular has been in agriculture. 2 thirds to 3 quarters of old policies incentivize or facilitate the commerce of nice

. if you think back to the montreal protocol, why didn't they include nitrous oxide and why don't they do it now? and they are reluctant to take on nitrous oxide because it comes from agriculture and because there are also some natural sources and then complicates the issue. so again, it's complicated. we're still trying to come up with solutions that work within the current system of production, which makes sense. we're going to need to continue produce a lot of foods. well, we're not going to change the systems overnight for sure. but part of the science of the community is, responsibility should be in shining a light, showing us the waste boyd and what future world could look like in different scenarios. we will never be able to totally cut into o innocence, that reducing them is possible and urgently needed. right now, over to you, did you have a science question of your own and send it to us as

a video, text or voice mail? if we answer it on the show, we'll send you a little surprise as a thing here, the, this week's viewer question comes from p g in south africa. is there a difference between clouds and salt? physically speaking? no, because folk is nothing more than a cloud above the ground based consist of tiny voltage drops that's floating in the these dropped fits the phone, one will to a desperate swim lakes, rivers, or ocean. the water vapor close it rises and condenses. the main difference between salt and clouts is how high they are. if it's cold enough, near the ground water vapor to condense that plumes of visible max,

this happens most angleton and winter. as soon as something must have hold of acreage structure ability to see beyond the kilometer away a, we call it smoke cool. other visible accumulations of water vapor across clouds. scientists differentiate between a total of 10 types according to the around to toot. pine level clout, also known as serious clouds farmington altitude of 5 to 13, columbus because as it's very cold, the made up entirely of ice middle clouds phone between 2 and 7 kilometers above the ground. they include a type of cloud, noticed ulta, cumulus, low level clouts, a cub, and low a height of 2 kilometers. some like the straight discount a so close to the ground that they're roughly referred to as high folks. the best cool cloud 6 done day for several

layers, like for example, the cumulus cloud, which also looks like a cauliflower at the top. the molten holes of the surface is typically covered by clouds, advice, clouds and folk plain into to roll and meet to urology. they regulate the schools to balance and have a big impacts on the climate. a whim that adds about signs bounced technology. that's like dw signs is now on take talk. what do be fun? why do gravitational ways that that is when the people begin getting high and laughing gas out? the drums boogie to the beads. and what's the perfect kid football find?

find the on says, gets most c w science. oh, new tick, tock channel. and that's it for this where you thanks for watching tomorrow today the dw science show, see you next time the the

to produces dense controls the global industry. the micro chip will be the new mega power to prices ranging. um, the question is, who has the upper hand? when it comes to mind quote, perspective, china will be usa. and what role does your a place in 15 minutes, n w,

in good shape. no stomach tanks, full of acids, per se thing, machines and sensitive souls. drain the our emotions can make out, tell me is how can we help them in good shape in 90 minutes on dw, the sometimes a seed is all you need to allow big ideas to grow or bring an environmental conservation to life with learning facts like global ideas we will show you how climate change and environmental conservation is taking shape around the world and how we can make

a difference. knowledge grows through sharing. download it now for actually we don't have a choice. so we have little time list to save the planet. so we have to do whatever we can as fast as possible. we only have $110.00 ration left just 25 years to implement the greatest revolution since the doing of the industrial age of the replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy around the world. without exception is this local energy transformation really cost of the forward as well? or is it for our 2 pa document sri renewables, whether this dots november 25th dw, the

business data, then use live from berlin, 20 for hostages feed, from gaza. back in a 0. the former captives are taken to hospitals, will checkups children and elderly women among those suite more release as i expected on saturday. meanwhile, palestinians celebrate servants, and of fetch and 9 prisoners from these riley jails. the women on the teenage boys feed in return for the ease riley hostages. the 10 tie nationals where among the hostages moves from god's island.