top storage, the truce between hamas and israel has been extended for another 2 days. and now the 1112 schools have a ride back in israel, also being released by the palestinian militants 1st year up to date. thank you so much for watching. the every top athletes works hard to ensure their body performs, edits best, some swear by hip notices, like this young athlete from switzerland who specializes in to cast law the. he's convinced tip notices kimberly's inner blockages that hold him back. that and more coming up on dw science, you're welcome to tomorrow today a

razor a year. now same on a how mine has been working with actually unplugged, get a sports hypnotist. they tackle different topics in each session today. it's running its way to be closed. so i'm not happy with that run deal with them. i know i could also run 260 or 245 opposition, but i'm always inhibited by certain fear or respect at the start, where i doubt if i can manage that and times the loan hotness. lo, it shall say that always bothers you and races. so that would be what do i put? i think it's something i always said to myself as a boy, it really annoys maple. it's basically about how the distinction from you, the beginning, the hypnosis access to it's, i want you to prepare to drift sort of stone into a much deeper state of relaxation. and it's like after around 5 minutes, the more to a how that is physically and mentally relaxed in a hit. no, thanks,

thomas. you know now now it's time to stop the actual hypnotherapy . because i want you to allow the emotions that are inside you to become stronger and more intense. let's your emotions come to the form of one of us really to buy one eyes. what are you doing as most running the old? how old are you? 9 or 10, so okay. how do you feel afraid if i what are you afraid of or just on the distance so far to run. yeah. just under a year ago, a how much developed to problem with another discipline? whole voting doesn't mean things seem to work anymore. is supposed to be on thinkable as half of the piece failed 3 times. that is

a starting height of 4 meters. 15 feed made tests and see this head thought funding . i mean, we've been started after i saw a colleague of mine have an accident on the potable existence. it was certainly wasn't nice to watch it. but it became like a trigger a month later when things went badly on multiple junk, full length of even if i haven't injured myself or anything. but i kept thinking, oh that's good, happened to me to see other. once it was my confidence evaporates or see how nothing was the same anymore is up a whole new account. let me see spark on the negative the nations. we've been looking the athlete during pole bolting competitions, and thought, i believe that mental strain means having the right emotions at the right moment and not the wrong lines. greatly underestimate the huge influence that emotions have on our physical performance. i kind of felt that way. we can stay during the therapy sessions, he was able to overcome the problem. so i took notes in the notes. this doesn't

take away, you know, there's no sort of tension that all the events may have. but it kind of shows that the emotions you have about the disappear no, no negative but the positive so the name of course there's nothing more that succeed since then the now it how my wants to work with his 1000 me to races by neutralizing his fees and turning them into positive emotions. the a basic thing going to feel your body soaking up the will. the will to persevere that the strength as opposite of the ability to go to the absolute limit to push your body to the limit limits, putting the closing it into the emotions which said i'm now very presence the thing . but i also have to be able to do this myself stuff. so the ideal thing would be

to continue this at home to keep visualizing evidence. i'd like you said fall before the race to focus on it. so you can get into the right emotion quickly and easily. he wants to any one has also use took notes as to discuss some javelin events where he keeps for how things are perfect through his mind more successfully for you. so just like when i'm under hypnosis and i'm watching the public pro and then internalize it on the one hand i'm there is a spec taisha of watching. and on the other, on the pro i'm making the perfect throws of elsewhere. but if i'm not, so what i do, i visualize it over and over and to hit most is to internalize the technique subconsciously make that the most opening is rigorous. training the right diet and hypnosis. the monet hemma that seems to be the perfect

combination. the emotions and a sub conscious play or find a role even for someone in a coma. many patients who are placed in an artificial coma suffer trauma symptoms later on. human interaction is perhaps especially important for small children. benyamin has been here for several months. he has a serious heart and lung condition of children like him and usually put into a deep coma after surgery. but then you mean was allowed to wake up, not long after his operation. his parents don't just sit at his bedside. they remove his breathing tube and drain mucus from his windpipe. they're actively involved in his cap. and how much on him i felt quite perhaps of doing it too fast

. and the more cables and chiefs are attached to your child, the more nervous you feel about touching anything. we've talked to her a while ago about to come with a 5. and if it was tied to my defensive helpless, as i said, we often styled has gone away, specifically happened over 9 months long as we started off just changing as map and washing and, and then gradually we got into a children's intensive care unit. so usually pretty quiet, that's because most children, us, the dated but at this clinic in the city of tubing and doctors believe it's more beneficial for children to be able to interact with that parents. because studies show that being in a coma doesn't prevent emotional stress. one, vice and switching, i've so dusty pets, we now know that kind of patients are aware of many, many things, including unpleasant things or something that they can't express themselves. so the aim here is to see how much sedation do they actually need to know if we don't want

them to suffer. but we do want them to be as awake as possible as soon as possible from provided to move yourself. we don't want to create and come to the doctors, it felt wrong to pump the children full of medication in the belief they wouldn't then feel anything. i'm just we thought if this were our child, we would want to do things differently. so we started very gradually reducing the medication to see what would happen if the children bore more away. you can have a husband, they're breaking with a decades long practice. parents here can go in and out and touch that children. and the children know not to how well on no longer in a non sufficient coming up for so long neck ups of leaky. and we had a lot of critics who weren't that the children would feel distressed, anxious with hands. and i'm just finding that in some cases it would be like torment for them some type of a day. and also that the children would endanger themselves if they were awake by pulling out a breathing to bore some other important tube. and then be sticking suzanne seed.

you haven't. we observed them very closely and found that didn't happen. on the contrary, a seat and keeping test, we aim to have the children awake so that they know where they are and field oriented. at a child like that doesn't pull out a tube, ties this kind of stuff, holes, but critically ill children do need a lot of care. and those who are conscious need more care and attention. then you say, what's the dated? so the hospitalized in florida therapeutic nurse who plays and talks to the children, especially when the parents copy that, plus the psychologist who supports them. nothing stuff. and of course the parents don't seem to conduct was paid. the children are always because much as possible and aware of what's going on time. and they need the parents. but because the other people who, what carol strange is strange voices, strange homes and they change every few hours, the parents provide continue. it's a, it's a paradigm shift and particularly bixler. they still need additional stuff at

a time when skills medical workers are in short supply. but the team of convince this approach will pay off and the long term indic zoom that this mission here will . it wouldn't cost more funding and we're investing a little more now in preventing long term problems. so that later we have healthy children and better adjusted families as a result of the state for me and, and for how is having parents constantly on the board and very sick children expressing the needs is uncharted territory for them. nothing stuff too, but they say it's a big improvement. a plus so much time convince that this way the parents on children who be significantly less affected by post traumatic stress disorder stuff and then i led, we're learning from it. and it's also fun to work with children her away because they show you what they need. we may have learned that fluid needs to be aspirated at such and such a point. but we find actually the child doesn't need that right now with this up.

savannah artificial coma is on sedation can produce long term problems such as anxiety, sleep disorders, developmental delays, and weak muscles because the children don't move on to this. i'm not assessed. and the other thing is when the children are awake, we use less medication and have fewer problems with drug withdrawal afterwards. and, and we also know that extended sedation can trigger a pediatric delirium. media obviously is not going to have serious long term consequences. the hospital has received almost 10000000 euros and research funding from the german government to test whether these methods can reduce the long term problems with children who are awake unsupported by the parents. in germany alone, $17000000.00 doses of anesthetics are administered every year. and did you know that anesthetic gases are more harmful to the climate than carbon dioxide?

the greenhouse gas and nitrous oxide, or laughing gas also plays a key role in depleting the ozone layer. in 1985, we were screw with this plan, made cfc guesses have severely damaged cios and le gas is from fridges, air conditioners, and has price at toward the massive fall into the shield, which protects us against uv radiation. to just later, countries around the world came together and then more than $100.00 substances responsible for the whole, and that saves the wage and major damage. today, the ozone layer is on track to make a full recovery, largely due to the montreal protocol. just they ignored one things, nitrous oxide, better known as laughing gas. mm. this stuff is no joke. yeah, it is in the past that can become now the just remaining back to the ozone layer and could undo one of the biggest environmental successes that humanity is ever

experienced. and as if that wasn't enough, it's also super potent greenhouse gas that makes global warming and a lot worse. so why is the one talking about nitrous oxide and how can we stop this stuff from building up in our atmosphere? you probably know nitrous oxide from these little kenneth this. but what is it into o is a colorless gas that's made up of nitrogen and oxygen english chemist just briefly 1st synthesize that in $1772.00. and the chemist test experimented with a gas and discovered that bracing it in makes you feel light headed. he called it laughing gas in the 19th century. nitrous oxide became a real hit at so called laughing gas parties, which were basically a bunch of rich people getting high on it. at one of these parties, american dentist power as well as got the idea to inhale the gas as a pain killer. before having a tooth extracted. he introduced the method into medicine where it still is used today. and apparently it hasn't lost any of its a traction as

a potty direct either or has to do a thing is levels of nitrous oxide was stable for centuries, but the amount we pumped into the atmosphere has increased by a staggering 30 percent in the past. 40 years alone, there are many reasons for that and we get to them. first, we need to understand quite this much nitrous oxide, and our admins here is the problem. well, nitrous oxide, not only destroys the ozone layer, it also works as a greenhouse gas and trips. the heat from the sun in the atmosphere is the 3rd most abundant greenhouse gas of the carbon dioxide and re sign. it's just no one really knows about it. somebody needs to be an advocate for the 3rd most important greenhouse gas. and so here i am ignoring it is a bad idea. it's around $265.00 times better tripping heat than c o 2. and once it's in the atmosphere, it stays there for about $114.00. yes, accounting for about 6 percent of global warming, which doesn't sound like

a lot. but when we have such a small window to stay below 1.5 degrees, every single emission. so where does all of this nitrous oxide in the atmosphere even come from around half of it comes from nature like forest oceans or so is this is inevitable. what not inevitable is global warming, the 100 gets to more actively microbes than i was. so it turned nitrogen into nitrous oxide to mole nitrous oxide. we release the woman, the climate guest tomorrow night results excites. can we release of the result of the not the really difficult situation to rebecca on top of that comes to the nitrous oxide so that us humans release as a byproduct of bio bus, burning, burning fossil fuels or waste water for example. or because we still use it at the dentist, but these are by far not the biggest players is the biggest source accounting for

about 2 thirds of all human costs. nitrous oxide emissions. agriculture. humanity has this very complicated relationship with nitrogen. it is both essential resource, right? our student system does nothing without it. and at the same time, it is one of the biggest threats to the environment and human health when the weights of to the inbox. and the good old days, pharmacist, mon, your composts are times that find nitrogen to make their soil richer and nitrogen. but everything changed in the early 20th century. that's when german chemist, catawba anti bush invented a method that turned agriculture upside down. they later won the nobel prize for this thanks to the so called how the process it was suddenly possible to produce massive amounts of ammonia fertilizer and put massive amounts of nitrogen onto our truck. in the last 60 is the amount of nitrogen fertilizer we use has increased 10 fold. this has made it possible to feed a growing population just we're over doing it

a bit. every year we spread more than a $100000000.00 tons of synthetic nitrogen fertilizer on our crops. but only about half of it makes its way into the plants. the rest is taken up by different microbes, inventory which turn it into nitrous oxide. among other things, the i pcc estimates that for every 100 units of nitrogen applied at least one t low is lost as into o n. depending on where you are, it can be much more. we found it to be as high as 3 or 4 percent in the systems where we were in the, in the sort of north central iowa. but it's nitrous oxide goes out the source also takes in and binds carbon dioxide to the number one climate killer. couldn't that balance it out in any of these corn and so it'd be in agriculture all systems. the ongoing emissions of nitrous oxide from the soil to the atmosphere can have a much greater negative impact on climate than the most optimistic benefits that we might get by storing the additional carbon. the other big players,

the chemical industry, accounting for around 14 percent of nitrous oxide emissions or here it comes as a byproduct when we make a depict and nitric acid. we need these for producing nylon cars. fertilize this or explosives. in 2018. the biggest plants into us admitted into o equivalent to the carbon dioxide pollution from 2000000 cars. in the coming decades, emissions are expected to increase even more. if they are more and more people on the planet, we need more food to make more waste and products. that's why we need to think about solutions as most human make. nitrous oxide emissions come from agriculture. this is where we can expect the greatest success. so it's inevitable that there will always be some nitrous oxide emissions. question is, can we kind of redesign our agricultural system to make it much,

much more efficient? and so that we can sort of the couple this food production, at least partially the couple, the food production from the nitrous oxide production, the biggest fix would be to waste less fertilize that we should use just as much as needed when the crops needed. but we won't know what the right amount of nitrogen to apply is until the season is over. and so this is a real challenge for farmers, right? who have to, you know, maximize their long term income to say to stay in business. busy many farmers supply the nitrogen and fall off to the harvest. the sewing is easier to plow, then the farm must have less to do, but has no concept growing the nitrogen just it's there until the early spring. and then thought of it this last to the environment optimized for to live less can also help, like adding nitrous occasion and habitus that can slow down how quickly my troops transform ammonium. or a special coaching on the fluids lies that can delay the release of nitrogen and

the soil and make it available when the plants actually need it's optimized for allies replication. so not the special intensive pos but also for you to be beneficial. intensive, nitrous oxide emissions. changing the way we farm can also help, like planting nitrogen 6th and crops, rotating crops or applying to fruit eliza as close to the routes as possible. sounds straightforward. so why aren't all farmers doing this? tom is a very constrained in the decisions that they can make it constrained by regulatory forces. market forces, cultural forces, behavioral forces, knowledge courses, social forces full of those actors. shape would have found that doesn't this deal as a farmer actually has a quite narrow decision making space. so it's complicated. what's much less complicated, it's reducing nitrous oxide, emissions from industry. all we need to do is put these little things into smoke stacks. we're nitrous oxide process through they act as

a catalyst and help break up nitrous oxide into di, nitrogen and oxygen foster. and they're extremely effective getting rid of almost all the nitrous oxide but not all companies do it. and there's in very few countries. is there really a legal requirement for them to do it? that's not a technological problem. it's not really even an economic problem. it's basically a political problem. it's policies are in place, they can be very effective. 13 years ago, countries into you implemented the nitrogen directive, its goal was to protect water from nitric pollution. as a result, emissions from agricultural, sorry, was decreased by 21 percent. just policies like these are few and far between. we did a now analysis a couple of years ago of all of the nitrogen policies around the world. counties is one thing that shocked us in particular that in agriculture, 2 thirds to 3 quarters of old policies incentivized or facilitates the commerce of

nice. if you think back to the montreal protocol, why didn't they include nitrous oxide and why don't they do it now? cuz they are reluctant to take on nitrous oxide because it comes from agriculture and because there are also some natural sources and then complicates the issue. so again, it's complicated, we're still trying to come up with solutions that work within the current system of production, which makes sense. we're going to need to continue produce a lot of foods for the well, we're not going to change boot systems overnight for sure. but part of the scientific community is, responsibility should be in shining a light, showing us the wasteful way than what future was created. looked like in different scenarios. we would never be able to totally cut into oh, in the sense that reducing them is possible and urgently need it. right, right now over to you, did you have a science question of your own and send it to where it says

a video text or voice mail? if we answer it on the show, we'll send you a little surprise as a thank you. the, this week's viewer question comes from p g in south africa. is there a difference between clouds and folks? physically speaking? no, because folk is nothing more than a cloud above the ground to face consist of tiny voltage drops that's floating in the these drop cuts assumed when will to a desperate from lakes, rivers, or ocean. the water vapor closes, it rises and condenses. the main difference between salt and clouds is how high they are. if it's cold enough to lay the ground for water vapor to condense that forms of visible maps,

this happens most and whole time and winter. as soon as something must have hold of acreage structure ability to see beyond the kilometer away a, we call it salt. cool. other visible accumulations of water vapor includes clouts, scientists differentiate between a total of 10 types according to the around to toot high level clout, also known as cirrus clouds. farmington altitude of 5 to 13, columbus because as it's very cold, the, the made up entirely of ice middle clouds phone between 2 and 7 kilometers above the ground to include a type of cloud noticed ulta, cumulus, low level klaus, a cub, a low, a heights of to come on with some light, the straight to scout a so close to the ground that roughly referred to as high folks. the best cool cloud 6 done day for several

layers. like for example, the cumulus cloud, which also looks like a cauliflower at the tone. the molten holes of the surface is typically covered by clouds, advice, clouds and salt plain in polluted roland meteorology. they regulate the schools to balance and have a big impacts on the climate. busy the whim minds about signs bounced technology, that's like dw signs is now i'm take time. what do you do for fun? why do gravitational ways that that is when the people begin getting high and laughing gas out, the drums boogie to the beads. and what's the perfect kid football find?

find the on say is good for c, w science. oh, new tick, tock, channel. and that's it for this where you. thanks for watching tomorrow today. the dw science show. see you next time the, the,

a pulse of the, the beginning of a story that takes us along for the ride. it's about the perspectives culture information. this is the, the news w from mines in israel life off to the terror attacks. nothing

is as it was since the mazda attacks on october 7th. the country isn't shown how do people experience this trauma and the daily danger? shopped in 75 minutes on d. w. the robots i q one giant leap for exploiting the ocean floor. cutting edge technology is i'm looking to potential of deep sea mining and the vehicle's been designed to pick up nodules and leave as much settlement behind as

possible. but this time, a research team will study the possible risk in order to minimize that we have an opportunity to to get it right before we even start. we have a whole new industry that will proceed only when the regulations of things are to place. environmental activists of skeptical is this true nature conservation, and the green washing box rules. val billions to be made. c, o 2 pa documentary is deep sea greed stats, december 7th. on d, w. the

. this is the w news lives. it's from the israel and come off, extend the truth. as another group of hostages is freed from garza other 11 hostages, released by come off on now back in israel and the west bank crowds welcome the teeth free palestinians released from prison in israel. and the extension of the truce for 2 more days allows desperately needed aid to reach people in garza. but she monetary and agencies a warning.