and we've got some hot tips for your package, the ro manage the corners, boats affinities, check on some great cultural memorials to boot dw travel regarding the what can be done to reduce the funds, carbon footprint. thomas to found and manage his fields. once you receive your slide start one form, it shows us the way how did cows to see as to rounding. what do they see and see? how should people approach that? an animal feel naked guns be all glasses to view the flow through the cows on why of florida's amenities, frankly, with extinction? what's causing the numbers to dwindle? is something missing?

a marine biologist analyzed as to what was the quality in the everglades to find the hello and welcome to tomorrow. today to d. w. science. agriculture may be responsible for some 15 percent of current global warming levels. according to a study by new york's columbia university. it estimates that food production alone could cause the climate to boom by almost one degree by the year. 2100 the same as last week to blame this greenhouse gas is produced in the costs of luminance. lots stuck, chiefly counts. we present of pharma who's trying to reduce his dairy farms. carbon footprint. a

crystal is a farmer who is constantly trying to improve in elaborate agricultural management process. not just to provide healthy feed for his cattle, but also to improve the quality of the soil underneath that we have the grass white, clover red, clover, and herbs species. diversification is very important for humans build up. the bacteria don't feed on just one thing. humans building can only work with biodiversity. homeless building is just one part of the listing system and the cattle or at the center, twice a day, they move to another paddic with tall grass. and it has to be done at precisely the right time. the stocks are fresh, choose the food for the animals. everything is coordinated from the size of the area to the number of cattle and time. the grass and the product needs to be flattened down but not stripped there. they probably had left them there for just

one day longer they would have eaten all the grass up of which might be a bad thing, but that's not what i want to happen. i want to preserve a mulch layer. here's the soil beneath the dead, flattened stock is always moist. the cattle contribute to this cycle by using their homes to stop on the grass, which causes the amount of homeless and the soil to increase. then organisms cause the volume after decompose binding with the carbon that plants consume from the atmosphere via photosynthesis. and tony host is turning hummus accumulation into a source of income. kristof $210.00 has decided to participate in a private certificate trading scheme for each additional ton of c. o. 2, that he binds using homeless build up, he will receive 30 years. the traders sold the certificates to regional companies that advertise their commitment to clement protection. but how is homeless build up measured? of course not. i'm just not is took a flight. it's measured per field,

which is around $2.00 to $4.00. hector's 25. so samples are taken from a depth of $25.00 centimeters and measured per gps. i don't know where the samples were taken from, otherwise i would throw a depos compost on each spot. after 3 years, we'll take more samples from the exact same spots and then we'll know whether humans has accumulated. this might help. it was awful about how modernist soil is a huge c o 2 reservoir, and that means carbon farming has a lot of potential to combat climate change. at the same time, agriculture is also a major c o 2 emitter. the scientist at the 2 in an institute in brown spike have done the math decry costs and its very biggest sources of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture are nitrogen, nitrogen fertilization, which leads to nitrous oxide and cattle which emit messing cattle in cows and drained people. so it was that used to be pete bugs that are now used as farm land

and grassland together. these are meant around 100000000 tons of c o. 2 per year in germany. i enjoyed sent the carbon farming which you must build up. all could compensate for 3 to 5000000 tons of this making good climate neutral, which shows that it's not just enough to build up humorous. we also need to address these 3 major sources of greenhouse gas emission. what's included in some type house cost issue on the on crystal tubes can, is doing exactly that using natural feed additives such as the horn pod, clover and reward planting that grows and his meadows and pastors. he's reducing methane emissions from his cattle. he tries to ensure that as much climate damage and gas is captured as possible. this straw for example, collects common newer in the bars. this newer plays a central role in thomas and soil management. this is our cat on the newer and

it's one of the essentials in our humans accumulation with all a and to convert them a newer and to humorous which causes the bacteria and fungi to proliferate considerably. we can use this compost to inoculate our soil later on. it takes weeks from a newer to become good compost, the process as labor intensive and time consuming, but it is central to sustainable agriculture. christopher clipton hasn't used a quote on his farm since 2018 because breaking up his soil loses homeless in the process. when the compost is ready, then come the next steps that we use this to a knock you like the soil and plant which then perform photo synthesis and eliminate the carbohydrates from their routes. which then feed the bacteria and fungi in the compost so that they can continue to multiply. and that's what creates the human will his conversion be successful? his green yields continue to fluctuate wildly. is ms cloud up?

it's not clear whether these methods will actually succeed in accumulating humus, exposing farmers to a degree of risk. they have to pay in advance with a human analysis and then hope that a 2nd analysis, 3 or 5 years later, will actually produce more humorous in which the certificates can compensate them for. but that's not a guarantee that this will actually work best as of i missed exact this disability from sending yet for christopher to can. the certificates are a secondary concern for now. he has also begun to shift the way he practices agriculture because as an organic farmer, he doesn't use any fertilizers made from synthetic minerals. instead, he works of so called under, so in crops plant hybrids that he shows in the green field with a grain mature, as it turns green again down here. and when we harvest the grain, what's left is a green lawn once again. so that's why the middle here become so green later on.

this field is also designed to create hummus. a report from the 1st 3 year period is available, which lists the increases and decreases thomas plot by plot. wherever there's slurry, we've had a decrease in humus and wherever there's compost, we've had an increase. we've collected 1500 tons of c o 2 using q most accumulation . i honestly didn't expect that much using compos to in rich soil adjustments that have paid off for this farmer. and for the climate the duke house always do just what they told. no cow is a highly complex social and sent in things even if through as a breathing, we've transformed them into mill machines with huge ideas that can give up to 15 leases of milk per day. the

cows have a mind if the say cultivate friendships and have fun the chines senses. so to get along with them, you need to understand them. young, bold, like to make. who gets it? it goes mine on this coming to know past. my name is commander lopez and i'm 19 years old. i'm a wildlife filmmaker and photographer, so i'd like to understand animals better. wild animals interest me as well as photo genic, unlikable ones like cows. but i'm not quite sure how to approach them. come, how should i communicate to the account that i come in? peace. what does it mean when they lowered their head? how can i politely get a count to do something? what does moon mean? i'm going to an organic farm near bayman to find out these dairy cows belong to a farmer hard. yes, you may not. need to advise is visiting as well. he's going to show me help ciao.

see the world english one. i'm excited. let's see how can see the world. okay, here we go. first, i've been to my head the way a cow does when a grace is young. okay. so there's only a very small range that's actually in focus on being in the waters on. i think what we built into the app is a wide field of vision like a 30 degree visual focus ahead and the ability to estimate distance right and left . but in the periphery, it's very blurry, corresponding to about 30 percent of our visual acuity. this field division allows cows grazing and meadows to get their bearings. but things get more complicated when they're inside their sheds. farm or higher cabinet is going to try out seeing the cow should the way his cows do. who fits?

this must be the couch sticks its head through here because it's curious. so if i try to do that, especially it's hard for me to figure out height. that's why i'm bent over like this. otherwise i'd bang my head, but i'm having difficulty engaging with here. it's all very blurry by having this panoramic perspective makes it very hard to find this here, but it should really finish. okay, and how was it? very interesting trying it in the meadow was one thing. another trying it here in the stable coast don't see the world the way we do. that's something we need to bear in mind as for how to get couch to go in that particular direction. that's something to be learned later. first things 1st the best. but what does moon mean will be, where are you or i'm here,

or i'm hungry or be helpful when you've worked with cows a while, since you start to recognize the different move, which is not. who is often one of the many signals of a particular phase in the reading, seasons, positive ones. how do cows communicate between themselves? just with moves and you have a positive otherwise the company can modal communication between cows is non verbal . ok. a bull that's defending its position to show its broad side when you play or lower its head, to show off its horns to demonstrate that it's a threat and i didn't comp window, i'm going to and speed to bring. it's put in service. uh, the whole me, the full sky, smart in the state of hudson's outback. we need an expert on bovine body language. for a good deal, the key shows farmers had to deal with their herds, to avoid stress and avoid accidents. today though,

he's teaching an amateur, me the how do i convey that i come in peace, cisco to think, well, it starts with how you arrive in the meadow. don't ever yell or wave your arms about huddled can recognize fluid movements. and so if you're at the gate waving your arms around 12, you'll start distress the mound and put them on this test with us. mentioned after flip flop too. right. and if so, how would they respond to the way i'm behaving now? base for new q 50. well i think your voice is calm in the main thing is to keep your movements come to you go into the st. oh boy. as though it wasn't, i am going to try and round them up. let's see if it works. so i'm trying to get the cows moving calmly steadily, the way i've been told, but they're not remotely interested, the

not. so if you did well, you understood the techniques and went about it in a common study fashion and didn't try to rush. i was so busy, but to say this was the list and i'm not that bad. but now folks are depot, hasn't another task driving the black house, just the black ones out of the enclosure. the brown ones are supposed to remain inside. the 1st of all, they getting round it up, then they're divided into 2 groups. oops, one straight brown cow strays into the wrong group, or we can live with that. so look what we've done with these. these ones are here. they didn't start to panic because we avoided things getting hectic. so what we did

was we steered them using their shoulder points. so why do we approach their top vertebrae sideways on so that it turns its head in my direction side. and when i increase the pressure, it will usually go in the direction that they had this turn towards any sunday. the book ever brought this in my life. i am what i end up with a coffee inside. a chow does have a personal zone. if you enter it, the cat will try to get out of your way. so that's how you can steer them. this is where you want the couch to go. imagine a lie and running sideways from their shoulders and then enter their personals on behind it. and notice the cow forwards, leave the zone as soon as you can, thereby rewarding the couch. as soon as you cross the line, it stops moving. if you stay there, it changes direction. just how close you need to get to it is up to you and the couch as each animal response differently.

the farmers are the only ones you need to pay attention to count behavior. if animals get worried, they can pose a bit of a thread, even to passers by. but if you treat cadel respectfully said, try to see the world from their perspective. you'll get on just fine. that's what i learned from my day on the 5. the biodiversity is probably declining more rapidly than previous meetings, significantly more plants and animals, the seasonal space. and that's the conclusion of a survey of scientists from around the globe headed by the university of minnesota to sit, i found that one and every 3 species could be endangered or extinct by the year.

$2101.00 species that's already on district is the north american man. it's a over a 1000 minus. he's died in florida last year alone. the ever great at the southern tip of florida. the biggest stretch of some tropical woodlands in the us, the this fresh water marshland is teeming with life. the everglades are a habitat for a wide range of flora and fauna. the region is home to extraordinary biodiversity, including managed to use their population, had been recovering after years and decline 2 years ago, researches counting around 8000 of the marine mammals here. but since then, there's been an unprecedented number of men at the feet, tablets for 10 years. paul stewart or captain policies known around here,

has been taking visitors on tours of the everglades. he knows better than any one where to find amenities over here. little ripple in the water, but the gentle giant disappears quickly. we go down the canal and come back to to this one. steward steers the boat through the main grove forest in the western everglades. he thinks we don't see him at this environment truly has not changed in, in visual for about 40000 years. i mean, he's looking for food, it's low tide. the manages aren't the only endangered species here. there are no 3000000000 fewer birds in the us and canada. then there were 50 years ago.

over the past 10 years, we're seeing less and less birds are seeing a great reduction of mammals. small amount 80 percent are drawn very concerning. the disruption of this echo system would be a terrible loss. these trees give off as much oxygen as a rain forest. they absorb as much carbon as a reinforce and they have all this change or, or be destroyed. i think if we would suffer the dramatically with climate change, the human population of florida is booming. all the new arrivals need somewhere to live. new housing developments are encroaching on the natural landscape. then we spot an alligator. it's about 1040 or 10 to 12 foot, one of the biggest alligators i've seen down here. that doesn't alter the fact that

this unique ecosystem is under threat. future right now. we better get on it because time is running out. there really is no manage the sightings today. we head over to the other side of the everglades to visit professor bryan lapointe. one of florida is leading ocean researchers, engine expert on this, frank, dr. eco system. last year we lost over a 1000 manatees. it was a record year for mana t mortalities, and a lot of that was due to the star of ation of the man and t, due to the fact that the sea grass has had all but disappeared. manatees are continuing to die at an alarming rate. that's due in part to pollution from wastewater treatment plants. many homes on the indian river lagoon aren't connected to the central sewer, but have septic tanks. the,

the waste water. it goes down into the soil and then moves through the soil and groundwater into the indian river lagoon or adjacent water bodies. it results and outbreaks of algae that lock light causing sea grass loss and vac deprived some a re life, including manatees, of a vital food source. that is the primary food source for the man at sea. and so now that the sea grasses are gone, the manatees are starving to death. these developments are nothing new national story programs, the unseen menace is all about septic tanks. so this was done in, as i said, florida today, 1997. and we new way back then that the lagoon was already showing signs of septic tank pollution and problems. fish kills but nothing

happened. so this has been found on for a law for decades. yeah. it's nothing has nothing, not very little. i mean smalls, baby steps have been done, but nothing on the scale of what the problem requires. so we really need, you know, billions of dollars and a lot of time now to correct the problem in the entity ripple. it goes, lots of diversity happens for a reason, and once a species goes extinct, it's lost forever. if our blood is red white, now it's your turn. do you have a question about science? send it to us via video, text or voice message. if we answer your question on the show, we'll send you a little surprised as a thank you. come on just dos. this week's question comes from

e. s. terrace. the why do some fish have stripes? while others have spots? they should been around for hundreds of millions of years today, these water dwellers come in a huge variety of colors and patterns. and now scientists can use molecular biology to examine exactly how this happened. the clips are particularly interesting for researchers because they have developed into a huge number of subspace ease with very different shapes and patterns. in africa's late victoria evolution happened at an amazing phase. within a few 1000 years, 500 these pieces of stick with emerged. all of this diversity can be traced back to a few ancestors that migrated from neighboring lakes. the there are

a number of different habitats in lake victoria and the sick was adapted to them. those that live among aquatic plants have developed camouflage, with vertical strides. while those that live in open water have horizontal stripes, which are beneficial when fish are swimming unprotected. these tribes make it difficult for predators to focus on a single fish. evolutionary biologists from constants in southern germany revealed the secret to how the sick looks. different patterns came about a long series of experiments brought in males with vertical stripes together with 5 emails, with horizontal stripes. none of the resulting all spring had horizontal stripes. the, these fish were then put together in groups with one male and several females. each

. a quarter of their off spring had for santo straits. this happens only when it's the good in here. it's the stripe gene from both parents in might've sick lives. the different coloring is probably caused by a so called jumping teen minus the clips are usually all born with dirt coloring. those with a jumping gene then turns orange yellow, or even white as they develop the. the color change from dark to golden occurs when cells containing the dark pigment, melanin die off in the fish of skin. in reality, it's a discoloration caused by the jumping gene that alters how proteins are produced in the scales. the researchers have been investigating how patterns and colors develop in fish for more than a 100 years. but there are still many mysteries to be solved. the

that's it for this edition of tomorrow today. glad you can join us and hope to see you again. next time. pennsylvania state curious by the

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a name where he left his trees meeting queuing, victory, mediterranean shami. this week dw runs small steps for robots vacuum. one giant leap for exploiting the ocean floor. cutting edge technology is i'm looking to potential of deep sea mining. and the vehicle's been designed to pick up nodules and leave as much settlement behind as possible. but this time, a research team will study the possible risk in order to minimize then we have an opportunity to to get it right before we even start. we have a whole new industry that will perceive only when regulations of people complain.

environmental activists are skeptical. is this true nature comes to that patients and the green washing tops rule, mail, billions, to be made out to pub documentary, deep sea greed stats, december 7th on d, w. the . this is the w and use in days around top stories. these riley armies. today's the test officer, the ground defensive against how much the militants in southern gaza alia is riley forces ordered palestinians to leave areas around hon. eunice, the largest city in the south. 80 bombardment followed the evacuation, or as many of gauze as residents had fled to the south of to israel had previously ordered them to leave the north humans you run back to the rebel.