and that people elected long before the pyramid technical and logistical feet that symbolized the impossible see it. the stones tell the story of a powerful resolution. what exactly happened as a 10000 years ago? secrets shown age stats, december 22nd on d, w, and the they say the devil was proud to but soon so we'll astronaut, too fast and label is helping design the space. it's vanessa is new mission to the moon. these trips won't just be the proverbial leap forward for mankind,

they'll also bring major business opportunities to the us and beyond. more on that, coming up. also on this edition of major data, we use business magazine to come pick help you fly. we investigate the use of poke 5 in jet fuel oil. oh, the environmental south american nations space, and the economic di lemme obtaining a city into a sponge, handheld copenhagen plans to protect itself from funding. now, it's been 50 years since the human last set foot on the moon, but in 2024. that may well change with mass as awesome as 3 luna mission. if the us space agency has its way people could soon be taking a residence on us, rocky satellite. and it's not just science that expected to spend often more than 50 years. no, sir, it's heading back to the me and not just for

a short visit. so the 1st time humans attend lives and works at the us space agencies. multi phase awesome is mission is paving the way for permanent moonbase. and many of masses contracts going to private tech companies. you need housing, you need the ability to communicate a back to earth, but also to other places on the surface. there's all these needs that you have just like we have need here are there's needs that you have for living on the moon. and that's as looking for the commercial sector to fill that in the fast phase of the mission in 2020, to an unmanned space. capsule over to, to mean to 25 days in 2020 full external seduce to make the journey. so this last time russia, china and india would say planning missions, but the main as an inhospitable place, temperatures hit

a 100 degrees celsius during the day and minus a $170.00 at night. plus there's no oxygen. so how will scientists conduct research that you're asking, what are the, the capabilities that are most likely to be developed? i think it's the ones that are centered around what it takes to keep an astronaut alive and connected. and that kind of basic range of functions that they need to to do. there is money to be made and meeting the needs of the main checklist. above all, through the infrastructure required to search for war to annual materials. next, there was investing in the development of unmanned robots nights invite the noun rates that it's set to tap the large quantities of water found at the means pose. together with the vehicle developed by the american company, astra bostic technology. the general matches is also working with lockheed martin on development of

a battery powered lunar robots. this b 6, that means the most important element is water. for example, to produce hydrogen or oxygen as propulsion for further emissions. and the launching from the surface of the moon will then be much cheaper than from earth, as well as for launching satellites around the earth. and you have the mic. no, that can actually enforcement results is regulus noon dust. and there's plenty of, it's not the plans to extract it using special mining robots which are currently in the 1st stages of testing. the named us will be used to construct houses. 3 d printers will print the building pots initially on us and later on the moon itself to save on transportation costs. and this is what the finished modules could look like, kicked it out with furniture for like a comfortable house. the community would also need electricity and internet. nokia

plans to set up a full g network. that space is the ultimate fi grow. it is a very unique area where countries get advantages from and there is a whole bunch of unexplored opportunities on the moon. is the opportunity to signal leadership to the rest of the world, saying here, look how strong our capabilities are. but also there's, there's real value in be there to most lucrative costs of space exploration space rockets and leading the way is in on most company space x here launch rockets are being built to the said and for the stages of the ultimate mission, they'll be able to transport tons of materials to the main, nasa is investing billions and that development several launch attempts have already failed, but success is like a and e and matchers time moisturizers before

a moving base. the assumption is you need mass is comparable to those for the international space station or even more in orbit, and they need to be continuously supplied. and you have to imagine the same for the moon. and so that the asked or no. so let's say look stylish on the next me mission . fashion company, prada is co designing the seats. the moon is endlessly fascinating and currently inspiring many new this, this site is not keeping arise, pointed to sky with. let's talk about and travel here. the your opinion is that, but it needs to be more environmentally friendly. that means powering planes in a way is more sustainable. one solution that outlines are looking to is the use of animal fats in fuel. so it could fix really helps you fly time about flying from paris to new york with the equivalent of 9000 pigs in your

tank. one environmental great. what town? lots what it would take to fuel a plane or was that distance picks problems off the font which can be used in aviation field. it's some things that you're clean. union wants to see more of in the future. we use animal fats because the level of quality animal fats are relatively easy to convert into sustainable aviation fuel animals, diesel. and the processing equipment that we have is, is a relatively set to. ready with some adapt taishan to to take those feed stocks. so man, i like ryan is once you start using animal fun to as soon as possible. but no life still can be slow to to fuel. instead of 5, just to be taken from meat, industry waste and then added to ordinary kerosene. but why go to the trouble?

there is a growing demand to use animals that india visual sector of the new mandates will refuel to you because they will be counted as sustainable aviation fuels refill you is a political agreement aimed at cutting c o. 2 emissions from aviation across the european union. and using audible funds as close as the other industries that rely on unable thoughts for the production like the cosmetics and food industries. i'm worried that wouldn't be enough to go around. comfortable take stones, i long trees. of course, the problem is that the more you direct them to batches, reduction of the bigger issues you have for these industries, the have to find the benefits very often, you know, 7 inches of vegetable arms and these are all north of the phone. well, um that has the cheapest option available and having the most similar properties

done and will fits have issues connected to deforestation to human rights violations and many other problems. many environmental this via palm oil could become the number one alternative, low palm oil means mohammed oil times patients, which usually come at the expense of the rain forest. it's important to note as well that the european commission recognizes that and that the regulation being develops, the aides and refill you aviation sets a cap of 3 percent of animal fat, the ride sustainable aviation fuel. however, this translates according to our preparations to more than $1000000.00 tons of additional animals that's ultimately flying. last may be the only way to bring down carbon emissions across here at protecting the environment. can also mean taking a financial hits in the short term as many businesses will know and south american

economies are also being confronted with that fact, the region is in the midst of something of an oil rush, is nations around the world speak alternative t training and russian supplies is helped bring much needed income to poor a latin american countries. however, the benefits aren't being felt everywhere and certainly not by the environment. that's why some countries attending that backs on the trend, a bigger houses, bigger bridges, bigger plans. it was ones, one of the poorest countries in the region. now the tiny south americanization of diana is one of the worlds fastest growing economies because of oil. okay, and isn't alone countries across south america are pursuing new drilling projects. others are on a different path folders in ecuador, rejecting governments ruling plants. colombia says it's done with new fossil fuel projects to focus on renewables. you know, so to those we have this in conjunction of water, sun and wind at the same time, at the same place. and then we model that one confidence,

2 different approaches to the wealth buried underground. but which one is right? the diana joined the ranks of the world's boy produces for the 1st time on friday as us or a company exxon mobiles said it'd be gone, producing crude off the cost of the south american country making this video was from december 2019. but changing guy on a really started for years earlier, that's one. exxon mobil made the 1st of a series of major oil discoveries offshore. over the years, the findings of total, an estimated $11000000000.00 barrels new oil wells are now set to come on line throughout the decade. growing guy on his production by hundreds of thousands of barrels at a time. by 2028, the country could be pumping 1200000 barrels a day, making it one of the world's top oil producers. that could change everything for

the country. guy honest sits on the north east coast of south america. it has roughly 800000 residents in 2019 it's poverty rate was nearly 50 percent according to the world bank. now the economy is growing by double digit figures, and that growth is already visible. every building that's going on is 4 stories or 5. every rule it is you might have seen before is being transformed into for the of the oil boom is also brought new problems, locals, complaint of rising costs, and not everyone is profiting immediately. that has a stop guy on his neighbors from looking at their own offshore projects. brazil is preparing to develop oil blocks along it's northern coast. so is there a number which is working with french driller to tile energies. and all of this at a time with new oil projects, technically should be i think of the past in south america, many new projects and both offshore drilling. that's especially attractive to investors. as the oil is easier to access, keeping costs low,

but much of south america's oil wealth is still on shore. and overall production there has been following after decades of lower investment. that's a traditional ex borders like mexico and venezuela, the hardest. their output has fallen in recent years. in that case, how long does it make sense to continue new drilling, growth and demand for oil should flow significantly this decade, driven in large part by the rise of electric vehicles, peak demand could soon follow. but so far there are few sides that global demand will plummet. we think that the kind of oil demand decline stories play me, see if you, whether your way, whether your columbia, whether your so if you read the, you are going to look to extract every last viral from these rest of law. i don't think the demand is going to be that, but there are growing reasons why south american countries might hesitate to drill,

including opposition in their own country, every single time that i know most people have been going through the rivers. it goes through all of these a consistent impact of the communities. jorge espinoza is part of an organization in ecuador, that opposes government drilling in. yes, so need national park. yes. and he is considered to be per square meter, one of the most bio diverse regions on earth. it's also home to several indigenous tribes. the block in dispute has been estimated to hold 1700000000 barrels of oil. and the government has been drilling there for years. in august, protests are scored a major victory with voters across ecuador, clearly rejected the drilling in a referendum. it's not just equity where we're public concern over drilling is growing. brazil state oil, producer plans to drill in an offshore region known as the equitorial margin. it's right next to the mouth of the amazon river. the protestors in the country have pushed hard against the move. no south american government has become as vocally opposed to oil as columbia, as president gustavo pittsville has moved the band fracking and suspend new oil gas

and coal exploration. he's called oil an addiction and said that his country needs to focus on the transition to renewables. instead of the house came out of the city while they let the jungles burn. while a hypocrite to persecute the plans, they convinced most to hide the disasters of their own society. to see that they ask us for more and more coal, more and more oil to come. the other addiction throw new that of consumption out about that of power. that of money little while they're live in the middle. columbia has around 7 years of oil left at its current production. the country says, and it will likely depend on that revenue for some time. and it's no small amount of money. and 2022 revenues from oil exports added up to about 20 percent of the government's planned budget for the following year. so guitar says tourism and clean energy exports can make up more of that revenue. but even with

a solid base of clean energy, much bit hydro power, columbia has important more electricity in recent years than it's ex, ported, and tourism figures would have to jump dramatically to begin to approach fossil fuel revenues. and this is the tricky part of the global transition away from oil, the obligations of individual countries, especially those that are poor to countries, there have the same responsibility to limit fossil fuel projects because of climate goals, or maybe even a greater one because of the amazon basic local c, resource extraction as a scourge or, or as in guyana, an opportunity to improve their lives that they won't be lectured about. that is a big position of the government here. that is, we don't want to hear from the 1st or the developed countries that we must restrain what we've done, because they've been popping to go. so you know, hundreds of years and producing, destroying the far as we have a right to be able to develop our resorts is even if the consequences of continued oil drilling on

a global level are quite clear for south american countries at the oil cross roads to different directions, no simple answers. the many parts of the world are having to reckon with the effects of climate change, the prospect of a woman of what the future means. cities, the bracing themselves for drawing some is and flooding. when the cold weather comes, the danish capital, copenhagen knows all too well the devastating impact of inundation. the city was completely flooded in 2011, tens of thousands of people lost their electricity supplies, and the damage amounted to around 800000000. yours, the collective sense of trauma has led to a dramatic re think of how the city operates in the hopes the history would not repeat itself on the 2nd of july 2011. this is what copenhagen looked like. dead draughts floated in the stormwater after the ones that are powers in new york kind of brain. a quarter of the foundation will cost of sick in the aftermath. and one

even died of a blood infection. but it didn't still fit in full out of the last 6 years. the city has seen abnormal cloud both, but it's conventional stormwater system con, do with news. some are on the wall is full of similar stories and it's getting was copenhagen and leading several cities around the world that are getting good redesign as climate change is making rainfall next to the to move and more dense. sometimes a brave, like designing playgrounds to flood went deep into the heart of copenhagen to find out how exactly you flag proof of city of this scale. if i was, it was 5 years ago. this 3 who don't have been to, but instead they may have been an s u. v stuck in congested traffic. they square is one of our own $300.00 spots in copenhagen chosen for me. cooper. it used to be a busy round about that it has now become a wooded area in the middle of the city. it's one part of the plans don't

copenhagen into a kind of giant's sponge for the next 100 years after the devastating 2011 fletch is here that i met a young joshua, some of the head of the cities cowed both management plans. who do i mean that they wasn't able to wake up, call the position to decide the at that time that's read a need for getting a lot of out of the city very fast. they ask all the time how to do this in a table weight. and to be expand to sewer system or could we do it a multiple way? maybe they had to rein bought it surveys and at the same time, make a decision to be the waste for a more re and cd mall by diversity incident. mom. each of these are facing in the city. so young scheme worked at the sound about into what it caused. the green component of the code was punishment. plan invisible side control. in plain sight. that's a small pump. mm hm. because to all the way more than the i mean if the water continues to come and the cost is. ready road here and a lot of ponds for hers in the, in this connected to the see these little link phones being built on across the

city to hold excess water from land phone. but it's not just on some projects a smaller but still hold water like green roof less noticeable a wide spread climate. it's looked like ordinary drains, the bigger and in areas with the higher risk, all based on the map, young steam device of how the city is likely to flood in a toad, boast event. march of the 2000000000 euros given to the water department is going 20 meters underground, into the backbone of the projects, the tunnel with this kind of dense of an area, you cannot solve the problem just the green solutions. this is jessica 1000 costs. we look for the city water department on a giant tunneling project. 500. you can do all sort of things on the surface and all of this you can remove maybe search a 50 millimeters of rain. but if you're getting 150 or 200 meters of writing, you need

a big system. so really transport water away. there's no wave also couldn't get into the hava without making a tell me like this. the new tunnel network is 3. me doesn't die meter and drums for 18 to them. it goes across the city. the tunnels would carry water from the bones and the roofs to us the harbor. but they still have another function, so the rest of the year to water can be stored here instead of in the sewage system and slowly release into the problem that keeps the water quality in check. and so people in copenhagen can swim in the harbor and the canal system through the and the tunnel step in again in the system. if you have a heavy storm wave stop cutting funding industries, we just opened it up and the can, the transport all the water through the pumping station into the, into the harbor. okay. so it was, should be empty. the strange that will still be was the industry. and so i mean it's not completely dry, but we'll go from from half between half and one meters down to, to 10 centimeters since we need this maximum. mm hm. and how much water can this

whole system deal with? the, the amount of water that can be transported in the system is determined by the pump station to have at the end of the pumpkin to live a 20 cubic meter per 2nd. l 20000 meters per 2nd. know, however you will express it. and as soon as you have it have a storm alert and you start getting low, so industries it will stop and it will just keep em too. many cities are in the process of measuring that, on sponging is not every city has as much free space or as business or post some, a much more dense and still developing so many are calculating out of time. it proved themselves based on their own differing needs. beijing, for example, has a water shortage problem, and if designs relies on retaining water, the china is actually leading the world with over 60. off it's all the 600 cities planning a redesign. john joseph d, allocated me on the 800000000 euros for the project over 5 years,

and has been green roofs and rain gardens. but it's still struggled with flooding and 2021 because it's not easy. the indian city of chan name on by and what you holding against the studying during the month. so i'm water shortages for the rest of the of the 2nd part is not a problem or i am copenhagen has is really high what the table i'm so that's what the, every way that's why i'm on a bus that's about i'm on my way to an old box in the center of the city calling colvin park. and that integrates both green and great infrastructure. this bob walks from 3 levels. the 1st is a rose garden under which water from the surrounding areas is storage. disorders can also function that as a result of water resource during dr. periods for the cost to keep the car the product clean. if this storage tank is field, we'll stop peeling this thoughts. brown. see over here, this is at a lower level than everything else. so it can receive water easily and be filled up as soon as the water starts to overflow when it could look like this. and

then there's the one when it is a mess of code, both a wall comes up here to close off this compound. and this thing behind me will go into a giant basin that stalls the water level. a few of the projects have been financed by taxpayer money, but most of the funding is linked to consumption through a levy on the water bill of booms and companies. and if it costs explodes too much, then we'll say, okay, we don't do it, but then there might be some more damage is locally. mm hm. and you informed the citizen that they have to protect their feelings. but even with this much investment adapt ation to changing reinforcement only go so far with this done is kind of be able to handle the worst case scenario in terms of flooding and storm. you have to decide what kind, what size of storm and that will always be a storm that is bigger. or does that say it's so is the probability and the

protection of climate change. so how often will this happen? but there's always will be a rain fall that could be even bigger. so you never protect a 100 percent. but it gives us having protection from the front of a certain probability and then you would lose so much. so your investment is compared to your risk of loss, and that's the size of investment we're making. that might sound like redesign pragmatism, but copenhagen's been implementing it's cloud based management plan for more than 10 years. are those cities or know those watching very closely waking up the cost of investing now to lower the loss and damages climate change? it's likely to bring around the world. so they have a we're taking you to the clouds and well beyond. that's it for another edition. of maids data, we use business magazine, you can find more episodes on our website. and if i don't see you over that, i'll catch you next time. again the

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