the landing is the most dangerous part of any flights out of all. admittedly, only very few. a plane crashes close to have happened during the final descent and touch down. and that sense what happened today and tokyo sunday the airport was when it comes to accidents and civil aviation? well within the room, a statistic probability. but the fact that all passengers and crew escaped this fireball alive defied all odds. after crashing with the smaller coast guard machine, the air bus a 350 caught fire and hurled down the runway engulfed in flames. 5 crew members of the coast guard plain did not make it. tonight. we asked just how it was possible for people to get off the air bus largely unharmed. and we look at what this crash can teach us about commercial aviation. and the role passengers can play in their own survival in an emergency medical, fairly chamberlain. and this is the day the

23rd that the semester and while they are as far as possible the runway, why is secondary should be on the same runaway. b, y is secondary, should be all the same runaway be far, far fuselage pads. so everything right? the georgia, $379.00 people, including $367.00 plus interest and 12 crew members with safely calculated target finding to start to 2nd part as a cesar div, that's also coming up for russia continues its

new year campaign of targeting civilians and ukraine was outside the on the other side of the house and it was flying like this red building and then hit and smoke started coming out around in and saw that there were no windows. welcome to the show, it's good to happy with us. the year is only 2 days old and japan has already had to deal with as many tragedies after a devastating earthquake on new year's day. january 2nd saw a passenger plan collide with a small coast guard aircraft, tokyo's biggest airport. both plains burst into flames, while all 379 passengers and crew, the japan airlines plane, manage to safely evacuate before the air bus burn out. only one of the 6 people on

the coast guard playing survive dramatic scenes a take care of some need to airport. this is the moment the passenger aircraft best into flames of to colliding with the coast guard playing on the runway. boat 379 passengers and crew, a boat, the lodge, a place where the evacuated that those in the smaller craft, but unfortunately not so lucky. the coast guard flight was on its way to deliver release. so there was affected by the, as quite the hit to the other side of the item on new year's day depends prime minister off of these words for those who lost their lives. so equal the so clean, all these people had carried out their jobs with a strong sense of duty and responsibility for the disaster stricken areas and victims. you're doing this. this is a very unfortunate incident, and i would like to offer my sincere condolences while expressing my respect and

gratitude for their sense of duty control will see unless they shortage the shocked by someone inside the passenger play as it filled up with smoke x. but say, it's a mouthful, but everyone on the line a managed to escape to safety. in any evacuation audio, you want all of the exits open, we want all of the sliced to deploying mobility. you want everyone to get down the slides rapidly. it appears to me that tool was not used to move out collection, so that's a, that's even more remarkable. at least $75.00 trips were deployed to extinguish the blaze, which then the planned down to just its utilize. the chain of events that led to the accident and not yet known japanese. also it to say an investigation is underway. that's bringing steven right. he's a professor of aviation at temporary university in finland. it's good to see you at we have seen the images. this is the stuff every travelers. nightmares are made of

how do you think all people on board the air bus managed to escape a disaster like that? a good evening. i think this is a really good example of what happens when the passengers listen carefully to the crew the so that they mean this tablet and incidence. and this then listen carefully to the cabin attendance to the in the across square law. so something terrible is happening and then go out in that critical time. how long do people have to get off an aircraft in the event of a massive fire, like the one we saw in tokyo? well, that's a good question. yeah, across to designs, to get everybody out. in fact, to make a new plan, you have to certify and show that everybody gets out in 90 seconds or less and that also takes into account those being unavailable. the reality is that when you start

adding fire and smoke that time increases quite significantly, almost doubled. but the reality is 90 seconds if you can get it and that not 1st 90 seconds, your chances of survival are much great. so the passenger say they were told by air crew members not to open certain doors. how would air crew members, especially in a scenario that confusing full of panic? i'm assuming make the call. we're to get out and we're not always quite straightforward actually because all the tools have got windows in them. and as part of the gram training for all pilots and cabin crew, you have to look through the window before you open the door for this exact reason . this isn't the 1st time, and if i q i sion has taken place and that's been far outside. i read last a long list of other events where similar occurrences have happened. and it's impulsive that the dual stays closed when there was a fight,

the immediate vicinity. because if you do open the door, the father penetrates the passenger cabin, that much false stuff. it was dark on landing now that you talked about the windows landing protocol is lights on the cabin dimmed and window blinds open. why is that so important? is it just for the crew to be able to see out or does it also involved the passengers keeping an eye out for anything that might strike them as a strange or were worrying way? yeah, yeah, absolutely correct. the the window blinds must be off legally. they've got to be up on that. so is that whoever's inside the cross can actually look outside of this post crash file type scenario. and that's for both passengers and crew. unlike quite a few dim the lights. so if the cross is incredibly bright and then you have to evacuate into the dead of night, where you've got for a little lie. potentially, this would slow this 92nd metric window down because you, you know,

your eyes have to adjust. so therefore, by lowering the lights before line began, until you call, it means that if in the unlikely case that you do have to get out quickly, this isn't a problem. the passenger aircraft was an air bus a 350. but what can you tell us about that model and how it might have played a role in this not becoming a bigger tragedy because it's a fairly modern plane. yeah, it's really you applied. and these are the lights, this generation of aircraft at the moment. so they have large amounts of compass it, switch them up and materials they using less metallic material. and they're much stronger than the traditional lay across the. i certainly started my career working with. i'm what this means is that because the at cost just letting me, but you're not a bit stronger but it has it is the phone for monica blake when it struck another at croft. yes, there's been a fuel leak. yes, that has been

a far in the events off the woods, but the main structure which you did see as the at croft in the wings and so on. this is actually a lamp, the cost come to a sites. so this is allowed all the passengers and the crew of the iceberg. 50 to get out. yeah, croft in that in that time period. and that's why we're so lucky. the passengers in this case um a good app safely. no. steven writes of temporarily university in finland. thank you so much for your assessment. thank you. to russia's war on ukraine. now. moscow says at least one person has been killed and several others injured in ukrainian attacks on the russian city in region of belgrade. the strikes come after you cranes, president below them is a lensky about russia would pay for its late dismiss all attacks on ukrainian cities. those airstrikes hit the capital cave and the eastern city of harkins,

killing at least 5 people and wounding nearly a 100. the aftermath of an attack on the southern mi on school district of keys rushing missiles caused extensive destruction to the neighborhood. hello? sure. so i'm not sure if you can afford the store and left the residents struggling to come to terms with it. from which i said was that was it, it was horrifying. there were bits of window frames in glass everywhere people were crawling and crying, partridge with you. it was still dark and we could see a fire burning somewhere outside with, nor show her eligible point. this level with so there's a put a lot, i'm very scared in shock because i never thought this would happen to us. i have always been an optimist. and i can't find my cat either.

sorry. via cranny and capital was the target of several russian strikes, which mostly hit civilian areas dresser also targeted the country, 2nd largest city. so i see in during dozens and turning parts of residential neighborhoods into small during craters. ukraine's president, for that to me, is a landscape, condemn the attacks, the accredited western air defense systems for intercepting and destroying the vast majority of russian missiles. so there were a more strikes by the in human russians with almost $100.00 rockets of various types. at least 70 rockets were shot down. almost 60 of them shot down in the key barrier. there were severe bindings and hockey landscape is under mounting pressure to assure military and financial support from western allies to help ukraine continue to defend itself against the russian invasion. i'm pleased to welcome now

kara roodick, she is a member of the granting parliament and leader of the opposition party hollows. she joined us from keith. kara. your apartment was in one of the buildings hit overnight and tell us what happened. hello, nicole, thank you so much for having me. i woke up today at about 7 am uh because of the sound of air raid sirens. this is not uncommon for us because there has been many attacks on kids these days. i tried to go downstairs tool that we are, we usually hide under the stairs, but it was just like not quick enough because then i heard the explosion. and then i have seen that there is a smoke and my windows. they just like they were pulled out of the frames and chattered on the floor and part of that wall isn't dry both. and then they went out, it was dark and smoke and people were screaming and uh,

but the time did not stop at this moment. so you can imagine in this armageddon was it miss house were coming and coming and people were trying to seek, you know, somebody needs help. but can you just imagine this? is it just her and the, it's yours way. and there were many people from my neighborhood that were actually severely injured soon. got, i just got a couple of scratches out of the shelters of the glass, and i was able to house my neighbors. but that the choose is that right now in ukraine, when you are going to bed, you do not have any guarantee that you will wake up in the morning, not at 12. and this is what's happening every single day. i think many people in the west seeing that the water is over, but it is not. it is going on every day and we never know if we are going to survive and the other attack. yeah. that most of all, we're glad to see that you're safe,

the sounds incredibly frightening. just to give our viewers ascends because this has been going on for almost 2 years now. but, but the attacks, especially in keys now seem to be coming closer and closer again. was it what is it like for you living in keys at the moment? while, as of right now, like i have no, no windows as part of my my home. and we'll be putting some plastic wrapped over them so we can go through the night we, it all smells like smoke and we didn't have a water for some time in the morning. and we only ask each other if like, all yours is daryl, right. and if, if everybody's alive and people attending, we are good for now. so today, for this attack today, there were so many people come in helping out with the glass. there was so many blast headers everywhere and of the issues. russia still has so many miss

house and beacon to our way and the air defense system that you've got. they are doing good, really good job. but apparently you see it is not enough. it's not like a 100 percent protection, not even 90 percent. and this is why we are calling we're calling to get more of this house for the air defense systems, the fighter jets. but the fact is, the truth is that you feel incredibly incredibly countless when you're standing there looking at part of your head. c my neighbors are trying to fix their part. and so like you, you look at this and you know what you can do and people right now, just preparing for the nights just arrive night by night. and it is incredibly scary. it is as far from normal as possible.

2023 was one of the most exciting years for space exploration. more people were in space at the same time than ever before. the number of space tourism flights also took off and india became the 4th country to successfully soft land on the moon. that is just the name, a few highlights, and the good news is 2024 a said to be just as exciting or even more. is a look at what the had one of the most highly anticipated events on the 2024 space calendar is the arguments to mission. in november. it's slated to send these for us or not seeing here at a launch demonstration event on a 10 day lunar fly by. it will be the final test to mention before arguments $0.03 . humans back to the surface of the moon in 2025. for the 1st time and over half a century, the milestone program led by nasa involved 6 other space agencies including

europe's east. it's also a stepping stone to bigger things. those are certainly a good lease on one side of cost technology has advanced and we are exploring again, do you do us? that means we or we send us to an out. so outside our space station, i will know a little bit, and the more news to all of us next stop are on the way to boss. so cindy is successful tundra on mission to the moon. south pole was just the 1st to an area where water has been detected. nasa, soil sample of prospector viper will have their next and didn't, may. china also plans to launch the chunk? a 6, a robotic exploration mission that like its predecessor, the chunk, a 5, is designed to return samples of lunar soil and rock to earth. for the 1st time, from the moon's far side visits the other moons and the solar system like one that circles. mars are also on the agenda in 2024 and september japan. space

agency jacks is heading to full bows with a mission that will seek to collect a few grams of material from the red planets. larger moon. the following month, we'll see the launch towards jupiter of nasa as europa clipper emission. it will try to pinpoint possible future landing sites on the jovian satellite surface and also gather data on its icy outer show and the ocean suspected beneath it. trips the asteroids are also planned for 2024. he says hair emission will look at the 2 asteroids, didn't most and dime more photos. back in 2022 now says dark spacecraft intentionally slammed into dime more of those. that was a feasibility study into whether it's possible to deflect the course of near or as objects with the aid of to help her satellites. hero will exam on the asteroid and

nearby space and the aftermath of the dark collision. and head ice is really a mission that focuses on the planet that the safety that means but texting our planet for objects that might heat our plan. and this is what i have always do it because have a is looking at the impacts which the nasa 1000 commission had on this asteroid sun to see how, how this was effect. it's the moon looms large for every space varying nation and 2024. but it's just one destination. and one of the most exciting years ever for space exploration. was very and mark mccork read. he's a senior advisor for science and exploration of the european space agency in the netherlands. mark, welcome to the ww that before we get onto what to expect in 2024, you are a closely involved with the james web space telescope. what is the last year brought for you or?

well, finally, i mean after 25 years of work on this machine, um we have data um the, the mission was launched, of course on christmas day in 2021. it finally reached its old it and cooled down to the temperature needed to be at. and then was old on folded and commissioned by the summer of last year. we started getting data. when i said last year 2022. so we got lots of data and some of it behind me is just the ryan nebulous thing with the james web space. telescope, but there's enormous amounts of data coming back. some really fascinating discoveries, for example, here in this nearby region west also being when we think we're seeing free floating planets about the mass of jupiter and some of the river and even in pass buying the res, orbiting around each other completely unexpected. so as being a real thrill to get some of that data off to such a long period of time working on the mission. fascinating stuff. and now that you mentioned jupiter, the s a launch the juice mission to the moon of jupiter,

the moons of jupiter. last year is expected to arrive in 2031, but it's going to stop by ers again. this here tell us about the a. yes, well even you using a most powerful rocket. so we have the area on 5 on one of his last flights. we don't have really enough energy to get all the way out to jupiter. we have to crawl away from the song strong gravitational poll, closing in the solar system with us is. and to do that, we're using fly buys all of us and all the planets as well to essentially steal some of their energy and sling us out into the solar system. further out to jupiter, just about 5 times. so they're out in the earth is and yes indeed in august this year we'll be doing something this unprecedented. actually it's a double slide by of the moon 1st, and then one and a half days later of the and so using both of those objects on stealing a bit to their energy, so to speak, to then get us on the rest of the next part of the journey which last until 2031, as you said, so it's just the beginning of a long journey in, in the end,

we'll go into all that around the move ganymede, which is one of the large moons of jupiter, has ice on the surface and has a liquid ocean underneath that. so like you wrote a clip of which was in your piece we'll be investigating the possibility some of these moons might have habitable conditions under the icey crust. and europe's autonomy has access to space is set to return this year with the post on launch of ariana 6. what are you expecting there as well? so hopefully a very successful 1st launch. a lot of work is being done over the years because to move on from area and 5, which is the fantastic a successful launcher which launched the james web space telescope as well as juice on. fantastic. the precise a little bit. but the launch game is moved on, as we know with space x and other providers. there's a need for cheaper launch access to space from your an area insect x x is designed to provide that have being some setbacks along the way, just times how you can to engineer this machine. of course,

the pandemic didn't help, but the that has been a lot of testing done in french keyona. and hopefully the rocket will get off the ground this year for the 1st time. and lots of our future emissions that depending on area and 6. so you said not only internally, but then the commercial market as well as the says also involved in a future plan to maybe save the planet from a rose asteroid with the hair mission. now, as someone who has stakes in this world's, you know, staying intact, i would like to know how you're planning on doing well in your piece. just before i came on, it described the dots mission, which was a nasa mission, which arrived at very high speed at a binary asteroid, didn't most and die more of us and hit the smaller of those 2 bodies. so, effective like a speeding bullet and imparted some energy into that small asteroid and change this orbit around the bigger one. so there was an expectation, it might change it by,

you know, a few minutes or so. but it changed it by more than half an hour. the old it from 12 hours down to 11 in the off. and well that's designed to show us hopefully is that we can deflect asteroids if they're on a collision course with us by hitting them far in advance of the impact. you won't do it the day before, but many years in advance and we can predict that quite well and, and hopefully just shifted, sold it very slightly, so it doesn't impact the from the, the here i mission and is now going to follow up to see what actually happened to the most and die more for us because it's very important to understand how that little bit was changed, what, what actually happened during the collision. and of course, the dot mission is no longer there, but with here are, will be all the thing around with the, to the other satellites as well. really getting a lot more information about how that will asteroid change and how we can apply that to protecting unplugged it in the future. we only have about a minute, but i do want to know which of all of these missions the missions of 2024. do you

think it will be most consequential for life here on earth? oh, that's a great question. i mean, you know, many of the space science missions where we go on out and look at the universe, the consequential for us and the way that we understand the universe we living in that cultural sense. but the hair emission, of course, could be very consequential in helping us save our planet from a future collision. and then there's lots of work going on in the mood and malls. some people think we might actually end up living on those on those locations. so i think there's an awful lot happening in 2024 for people to be excited about and that i fingers crossed, of course, for many of those missions, getting off the ground successfully. martha corcoran of the european space agency, all the best to you. thank you so much. thank you. a unless or time already, but make sure to stay informed, staying age, and stay in touch. you can follow our team on social media at the news and myself ask nicole underscore, formerly from all of us here on the day. thank you so much for spending parts of

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