of the one is darren gold to health smart nature, the more likes watching it on youtube, dw documentary, the living room, single pools, green facades, how to heat the exploited workforce race and brazil's coffee conversations. the sense of trouble brewing how climate change is impacting the cultivation of all things, but comp, the coffee, the world's 2nd most consumed beverage and so ingrained in our lives that it's made it into pop culture. i guess a coffee also. there's

a lot of stuff before i go to sleep. i can dream fast. i always have coffee when i watch radar. you know that this is excuse me, a damn fine cup of coffee. but your morning cappuccino might not be guaranteed. climate change is threatening coffee, production, drought, raising temperatures and the regular rainfall are ruining coffee harvests. some studies say the amount of suitable land for coffee production could shrink by half by 2050 without investment in base 6 farms. a productivity? yeah, we're in trouble for to keep russell press the movie airplane borned. are you telling us? absolutely, everything. not exact quite, for also coffee. the brazil, vietnam and colombia are the top 3 producers of rock coffee being biggest importers, the us, germany, and france. today, people drink over 2000000000 cups of coffee worldwide. every day. consumption has almost doubled over the past 3 decades alone. south east asia is expected to have

nearly doubled the global growth rate as western noticing tastes and a rising middle class increase demand. and let's not forget china. starbucks plans to open a coffee shop every 9 hours so it can reach 9000 locations across the country by 2025. which means we need to be growing a lot more coffee. but climate and stability is already taking a huge toll on production. in 2021, a severe frost and results. coffee region of amino shed eyes wiped out fast waves of coffee trees, coffee price is search. nearly 13 percent regeneration of the crops and ecosystem will take years, meaning the losses will continue. such as irregular temperatures also make the plants more vulnerable to pest and disease. for the last 15 years, a rust epidemic coffee refreshed arrived in, in strong force across the central and south america. this is dr. vern law. she's ceo will read coffee research, a research non profit funded by the industry in central america alone,

1700000 people last work during that period. so there are human consequences to the challenges. part of the problem is the coffee plants are finicky. they go through a delicate flower in fairies and it takes 4 years for a single coffee tree to get a 1st harvest. another problem is that out of $120.00, so species of coffee, we only drink 2 of them are rebecca and robust. or rather because the higher end stuff that has all those several flavor notes we love but is a plant that needs the temperature between roughly $18.21 degree celsius, around 30 percent shade cover, and plenty of consistent rainfall. it's more sensitive to high heat disease and produces fewer beans. over 60 percent of global production is a ra pickup. it's sibling robust as a more resilient plant, but tastes not as great and ends up mostly and stuff like instant coffee. and that's it. we're almost entirely reliant on just to varietals. coffee also has a small gene pool and at least 60 percent of wild coffee species are at risk of

extinction. this makes our current supply extremely vulnerable. coffee research is so behind relative to what other commodities have. we can do so much with traditional technologies, just taking pollen from one place, putting it on another, creating a seed of something new, collecting data at a global scale, and it's not rocket science. it's very straightforward. what needs to happen. thankfully there's some good news, something new new is coming up and, and there are some high fits the 3rd spread by like seed, new toyota, toyota garcia as an, as no botanist who's worked in central america vietnam. and you gone to various acute settings. that's kind of upset by a t because it's perhaps more accessible to farmers. and that you see up to the starbucks recently announced that develop 6 new varieties of coffee seats, including hybrids that resist leave for us, then generate higher yield in a short period of time. this is big news, considering the chain by is about 3 percent of all the world's coffee from 400000

farmers across 30 countries. a few researchers are also trying to fish species out of the wild configure. a center for low, for instance, is making a splash. it's a rare and threatened species from west africa to tolerates much warmer temperatures and actually taste comparable to rebecca. while the variety, oh, has commercial potential bringing wild species into production can only exist on a nice scale and will take decades. the bigger problem is that at least 80 percent of the world's coffee is produced by small holder farmers. they generally work on a few heck, there's of land and don't have the resources to buy hybrid c blankets, which are roughly 40 down 160 percent more expensive than a traditional variety. that's what you so the thing for them to pop up, they've rustic fights, 5 minute system and not only having both fees, but also three's part of the trends of groups. you know, that will help a safety net. so given how hard it is to adapt in our current conditions, the future of coffee could look more different than we think as in your coffee could start coming from some unexpected places. experts say that countries like

china and australia have ramped up coffee being production and recent years and could become bigger players in the future. but for now our coffee addictions aren't going anywhere anytime soon. and the industry strategy to keep it's pipeline is technology technology technology. we are really focused on the technology, you know, need, and so i would say in the next 5 to 10 years, we'll see a flush of new varieties. this will require work from scientists, governments and everyone in the supply chain. but is consumers the best we can do is pay attention to sourcing the company. supply chain often lacks transparency, is it's bad for business. so what we can do is work with smaller suppliers who give more information on the origins and production conditions of their calls. he paid the they must have been here just minutes ago. my set of compass goes from one row of coffee bushes to the next,

where the women who work here double fuzzy on the call yet. they were just here. we want to find them and talk to them to understand the situation. we were accompanying inspectors from the ministry of labor, the public prosecutor's office, and federal police to coffee plantations in the brazilian state of minas rice. they want to track down day labor is believed to be working on the slave like conditions the inspectors have discovered to women hiding in the bushes they've been working on, paid for over a month without any protective clothing, food, water, or access to a toilet. the workers of afraid of the officials, but it's their employee is that the authorities i'm looking to punish active vocal by just saying, just over for a 100 years ago, workers here were slaves, objects and commodities even by you skipped the country with a history of 300 years of slavery as a patriarchal culture,

now that neither values nor respects workers, right. it was pretty, it was your day to the board is the team is investigating anonymous reports, things of fruit to myself. the campus needs to keep a level head, some simple, but yeah, i just got a police here, but we were accompanied by the federal police involved because what we're doing can cause a lot of problems for the plantation owners. and in some cases, they might react violently. eldon's gods get it, has heat up 1st loans. the next target looks like a sole mail box. there's a coffee plantation in the teams suit and find what they're looking for. this mind is working without protective clothing on file from earning money his debts amounting. let me think about it. i mean i have to pay for any tools i use. there's no way out. i have to work to pay the debts that just pile up and they make

slaves out of us. i work and pay to do so. i don't earn any money to buy food for homes and gets bad. i click on show wow, doesn't have a contract. i that he works 12 hours without to break. he says the men sleep here on the flimsy makeshift beds there are no closets for the few possessions. no privacy. the owner of the farm is not on find only the foreman. he now has one week to respond. he has to let the men go and he'll have to pay the maximum rate for the work they've done. the foreman defends himself. the men wanted what they go state a mocking building by lights, galle, i don't see any slave labor. do you to so says thing. why don't you go to their house and see what it looks like. you look as a must have come post as not so typical response. brazil is the knology is

coffee exposure in the world. and coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world. few people us themselves if it's harvested, in fact, conditions in humane working conditions and not only found on coffee plantations. last march inspectors fried 85 work is from a farm and southern brazil. they were hired by a sub contractor producing seeds for gym and company b, i ss. one of them is 15 year old. eduardo satari though. he was seriously injured on the job and had to wait for health. how is he says it was his mother who took him to a hospital. one of his toes has no power lines. you know this, so hopefully we should have had proper shoot less than a place to eat protection from the sun. coming in 40 degree temperatures, workers could only rest on the background, somewhat fainting from a lack of will to those who will of sick receive no pay invoice. when we heard that

the staff was behind the seed production, we were shocked because a company of this size should take an interest in the workers employed by sub contractors. one of the seals on the fence be a safe condemned most to human rights violations, but says that had been no evidence of them. it also says there was no direct contractual relationship with the workers and says it's sub contract to sign agreements obliging them to respect human rights in the supply chains. it won't entirely paid out $1670000.00 euros in compensation to the workers. and the social projects, i mean, tends to increase monitoring in the future. however, for us as a company, it writes working with more than 90000 direct suppliers and a corresponding the knowledge number are of indirect supplies. in complex supply chains, complete, permanent monitoring is unfortunately not feasible. 5 con coffee

plantations administer rice. the team of investigators faces numerous obstacles and it's what tom is there often elected by cellphones in advance. they know, inspect, is it coming? the owner says there are no workers here, we don't believe him, and we'll take a look even since our shops, the instincts where right where, cuz i've just been picking coffee cherries in quite an quantity park where is the water is still cold. the workers were just here in kentucky. you know, i'll see you. i hope. well, suddenly we see someone the man stopped reluctantly, claiming he was just out for a walk. but then 2 more work is discovered. don't fucking, do you think we have somebody else? does she know the man over there? does he work with that? yes,

she says he was here this morning. ma'am. to mock so much there's no food, no toilet, no projective clothing. muscle or compass shows as a poisonous snake that the work has just killed the coffee. bush is difficult and i think the workers, i'm more afraid of doing the boss than snakes like going on. hold onto your maya if i had complained about working conditions in a court of law i, i'd never work on a farm here again, my name would be tarnished. it would be as though i was a thief or worse model, be your name. the team is satisfied with the days with the mentality. if the plantation owners cost to change, they say penalizing them is the only solution the climate change is a global issue. and one that will only be solved if we all work together. and on

the last, when it comes to costume pollutants, china is a key focus. it's responsible for around a set of global c o 2 emissions. and despite pledging to be climate neutral by 2016, still investing in co. how does it adopt solar panels as far as the i can see here in the deserts, in the northern positive and among go, the china is building one of the world's largest solar power plants are in to the request is accepted, which doesn't happen often in this country, we even get a special tool with various representatives from the local government. an official shows us what's already being completed and what is still to come on to

a difficult uh are we will have completed construction of 8 gigawatts of capacity by the end of 2025. bringing the total to 9 warranty, which is the area is expected to increase find fold in the next 2 years. around 28 percent of electricity generation and china comes from solar, wind, and hydro power. the country is aiming to be climate neutral by 2060. so it's all the most surprising that that's currently increased investment in coals capacities of being expanded and new coal fired power plants being approved or a few hours drive from the new solar pont. we're at one of the largest open coal mines in asia. production is reaching record highs, tons of does he, coal altered and supported around the region in these red trucks. here in china is biggest coal producing provence and new mine is being developed. underground mining

is being digitized with less personnel and improved occupational safety. that's what this minor tells us. he doesn't want to be recognized for safety reasons. he's been working in mine since he was 15. i stay because i have no choice so far i don't have any better options that applies to most of us. there are a few alternatives around here. apart from coal mining, the only industry is agriculture. now the coal mining is ramping up. the local economy is doing well. stores of opened up residents tell us, restaurants are also benefiting high c. oh, i agree. call you my business is doing. wow. now there are coal mines operating here. there's more business. there's a lot of people passing through to many of the people who work in the mine um

from the area. they come from other places ready to go off. in its heyday coal mining made in among earlier prosper us in order. for example, the city government commission, the development of a lavish centre, a number of years ago with a population of 1400000000. china is hungry. the energy, coal is inextricably linked to its decades of economic growth. the china had been reducing coal production today. coal still accounts for 63 percent of electricity generation but now is this map compiled by an energy research institute shows new projects of planned all over the country, even in places where that is already lots of coal production. my june is probably

china's best known environmental impact. although coal power can support the integration of renewable energy into the power makes, he advises restraints with all the new projects and backs innovation and renewables . whether already and the course there are other ways to try to help them better integrate knows that into our power grades. one of that obviously energy storage and the other is, is about to all these different regional power grades. we can better according to those. in the last 2 years, state media has reported energy shortages in some parts of the country. the fact that this is a consequence of man made climate change is usually it node hydro power plants have been hauled, hit by drought for china, energy security and independence, all the top priorities and it sees coal is the least complicated option. susan,

by protecting energy security is always our most important task. me. we will strength and fossil fuels of security and backup on the cold. we'll play in a central role concentrated, but the all structural challenges, the regional electricity grades and not sufficiently into connected many parts of the country now won't coal to ensure energy security. and there's the lack of storage capacity for renewable energies. my journey is worried about excessive coal capacities. now there we have to find our innovative ways to try to deal with this problem. problem. otherwise, you know, to now just carpet you mission will go up. our local emissions will go out and we'll have an impact on the, on the air quality which matters to the public health. so this minor coal is both a cost and a blessing. it creates jobs, but it also has its risks. me because i had a few accidents in the mines,

i no longer want it to work in the industry. then i tried to start my own business, but it didn't work out. or during all tour, if the mega soul of hawk we land, the energy generation here has so far remains and in a moment earlier, further transmission possibilities i'll be explored. clearly, there are still major challenges ahead. if china is to make good on its commitment to a clean of future, the all cities are becoming as a whole. lot of rest bikes to make life unbearable. if we keep pumping c o 2 into the atmosphere at the comment rate up in temperatures good lies by up to 4.4

degrees celsius. 2100. to 4.4 degrees celsius. 2100. air conditioning units. are you big cortes and singapore? to help cope with the hot and humid climate. but these appliances are part of the problem. because they contribute to rising temperatures, through e june yolanda studies architecture and sustainable design. with the help of a thermal imaging camera, she's identified a vicious circle. well, for a small key to the van that it will increase the higher back. so it's not what further exacerbates the situation in singapore is the rapid growth that's underway. there are more and more residents and more and more concrete. in recent years, temperatures and singapore have risen twice as fast as in the rest of the world.

data set, good on, has lived here for years. but dealing with the heat, every day is challenging even for him. or you can see right as when you saw me even a walking in i'm, i'm so little bit for sliding here. it's actually 10111011 o'clock in the morning is over cost and the human is picking up beta sec around is an architect and botanist, affectionately known as the plan pushed by. his weapon against climate change is as simple as it is effective vertical green spaces on the walls of buildings. you can feel that i'm spending here just close beat by right. i can feel this heat reduce significantly because the plan's up with the respirator aspiring and photo synthesizing when the plausible to synthesize that release oxygen. and actually basically picking away my compound off site for the synthesis. so when you have got that biochemistry going around in the city, you'll realize that c, o 2 level drops,

the immediate heat actually drops. and that makes a big difference. 30 different plants species are growing on this wall of sophisticated irrigation system provides the necessary nutrients. workers trim the greenery twice a month in the long term. it even has financial advantages. your air conditioning cost insight is actually cheaper and low, so that costs your saving as well. so spending a few dollars to spend the few a few dollars to save a few $1000.00 is actually a very good business. new e juniors under shows us another building that illustrates what a difference green and we can make. this facade is partly covered implants, the other surfaces, steel and concrete, are completely exposed to the sun. the difference in temperature is a whopping 5 degrees celsius. but singapore can to combat rising temperatures with greenery alone. it's also promoting sustainable buildings and allowing more spaces

in between them. the new university, for example, has solar cells on its roof, hoping insure net 0 emissions. professor vater set good on teaches here the show, those us how simple ceiling fans is enough to keep students cool. it's all very open plants allowing a gentle breeze throughout the premises. the building is actually quite similar if you go into the forest. there's some truth, some building stuff, very tall, some trees every, it's all in different layers as well. so trying to bring back far as i could factor, the city escapes is very important to try and involve designs of the future as well . so nature based solutions off part and parcel of that and they look spectacular to this hotel in the center of singapore has won awards. it leaves and reads with flourishing green terraces and gardens

single pour subsidizes sustainable architecture that is pursuing and vicious long term goals. 1000000 new trees are to be planted by 2030 and so plan is to have so many parks that no one will have to walk more than 10 minutes to be surrounded by nature. this project is called cooling singapore. the researchers have programmed a digital twin of the city. this allows them to stimulate cold temperatures can be lowered with individual projects. a thermal image showing to these daily temperatures and single port is shown on the left. on the right, what it would look like if all buildings were energy efficient and sustainable, the whole city would be $1.00 to $2.00 degrees cooler. single power sees itself as a driving force for southeast asia in the fight against rising temperatures. and is investing billions on like other developing countries. however,

the wealthy city states can afford to do so the, the, the

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a business dw, it is live from bell in thousands of tractors and trucks. java in the german capital, germany's farm is holding a file demonstration in berlin and across the country that protesting against plans to comp, agricultural subsidies, even though the government has withdrawn some of them and taiwan president elect vows to defend the islands against the threats from china. in his victory speech slouching, dave says he'll safe called taiwan against what he calls intimidation from bad g.