super magnets came close to setting off a damaging trade war. i'm terry martin from me and all of us here at the w and there was thanks for watching the imagine that you're eating a hamburger. and as you're biting into this juicy murder, your dining companion says to you, actually that hamburger is not made from cows. it's made from golden retrievers. 2 2 should we. 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 in meeting cultures around the world, people learn to classify small handful of animals with edible and all the rest of

the classify as disgusting. w series about our complex relationship with animals. the great debate, what you know on youtube dw documentary. ringback on september 7th, 2010 seemingly small incident in the middle of the eastern us change the course of history. chinese preaching trauma and to japanese coast guard ships collided in the disputed waters. the japanese coast guard detained this coupon. tensions between the 2 countries have been rising over here, and the chinese government was it canceled high level political meetings with japanese officials, reportedly reduced exports of crucial re of elements to japan. china has denied this has happened, and it's paid by how much they reduce their exports. but what is clear is that the small events mock, the stock of an incredible price search and world wide frenzy to secure these red

as elements. arguably the most important of them being this new to me as a weird little element that will power i'll shoot you. the new do man is him, is the way down here in the pediatric system. it's one of the 17 read us elements, which are actually not that where at all, these metals were 1st considered rad because they have never been seen before. but really, like new demi and quite abundant in the us crust. it's just very hard to separate them from the material around them. what it was discovered in 1885 by this austrian scientist. nobody really knew what to do with it. from the 19 twenty's onward, it was used to colored last type of fancy, but still not very useful. but in 1983 researches from general motors and the japanese conglomerate. so we don't know independently announced a huge invention at the same conference. if you combine new demi em together with

boy on an iron, you'd get really, really strong magnet today. now, to me, i'm itself is also used in special protective last and felicia is among other things. but the magnet is what turned out to be a game changer. this is a regular affair, right? magna probably what's in your normal fridge magnets? i mean, they're super easy to separate. no problems. this is what's called a supermarket. and they are super strong. oh my god, the i swear to god, i'm not that week. now do me a magnus can be up to 10 times stronger than fair like magnets. normally, the 9th is ation of breaks up into the different domains punching in different directions. this is michael kelly, a professor who has been researching magnets for over 50. yes or no. we don't want that to happen. to have a good use the use of

a permanent magnet. we want them all to be in the same direction. and the way you do that is allowing the one with another element which is near didn't mean, which is the best one. for this purpose, that makes me now give me a magnet. it's crucial for things like electric cause wind turbines or even your phone. so what quick refresher why we need magnets for these things in the 1st place, store and making the simplest electric motor from these monuments, a battery and some copper wire frustrate to put this battery on couple of these magnets. so and then you need to form your copper and a type of cool. so these now do me a magnets already creating a really strong magnetic field. this factory is o energy, so the top of this corpus ball needs to touch the battery. and the bottom pop needs to touch the magnet so that the electricity can flow through

the, the, when this happens because of a principle called the lawrence for, you may remember from high school, this is how we convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. so this is a basic principle of how an electric motor to works. and that's what we use also fall electric cos the same principle, good for wind turbine. just the other way around. this mechanical energy is then turned into electrical energy through the magnet inside here and the called the school. so in the bigger versions of these, instead of the l, a. d being looked up, that's the electric energy that the generator gets fed into the grid. so the strong of a magnet, the bet um and leaves now do me a magnets of the strongest commercial magnets on the market. they also relatively cheap, and suit the, how to de magnetize, or the invention of. now,

do me. a magnets pays the way for more efficient electric motors. they're more compact and light to because these magnets are so powerful that even comparatively small ones get the job done. today, many electric cars contain an average of about the kilogram of new do me a magnets window binds use much, much more deposit tongue turbine. these magnets are also really important in audio equipment like these headphones or big speakers inside these broken headphones. this still should be some magnets. so let's to get to that was easy. in these headphones, you have a cup of school and a magnet. the electricity is converted into movement, which then is converted into audio waves. in the case of your phone, there's a tiny magnet in here, and that causes the starting to vibrate. mess of in the meanwhile, life is going to be used for electric,

causing wind turbines without popping up everywhere. this is why the mountaineer do me and it's only projected to grow and could out strip supply. but let's rewind back to that boat incident for a minute. it wasn't just depends that panic, the little when they realized how dependent they had become on risk of mind and china. the price of narrow to me, i'm showing up dramatically after the collision is old. worn out of this, this fear from the, the, the concentration that you the race. and it's been 20 times with china. this is michelle, but someone to, she looks at critical manuals and their impact on land and natural resources. i have seen the concerns around these types of materials lead a lot of countries to become more resourceful, naturalist and i solution s and want to mine all of our own stuff and all we

now produce everything domestically australia, we rent a relatively abundant has scaled up its production significantly, the us reopened. it's one rate of mine in 2017 yamaha has scaled up it's mining, but exports a lot of it's rare us to china. india once to quadruple it's domestic production in the coming decade. but scaling up new to me and production is still far from easy. the problem is getting this element out of the new domain is found jumbled together with other similar elements purifying. it takes a lot of steps that process use as many acids and solvents that are detrimental to the environment and hazardous to work. and not only that, whenever unique challenges associated with rear or mining often is detached, there are mixed up a lot of the or is mix stuff with highly radioactive elements. that's why even 10 years off of the rent as prices,

china is still the main producer of these elements. and they would do me along with other writ of elements has been pop tockets during recent trade. tensions and prices are starting to search again. the problem is that these new demand magnets cost so great that it's really hard to replace them. people have tried to find other ones, other combinations of on with different rats. and some of them have been somewhat successful, but nothing as good as meeting them all these details about the mythology. much, much to what does work though, is using less of it more efficiently. for example, in electric motors, we found that b s, you could actually replace 50 percent off from your damian with fair, right? marketing without compromising in performance. this is a can on livid in. he's a chemist, developing new methods to recycle and substitute new to me a magnet the so is it mother of all penalties and

substitution, but not great power replacement. recycling always seems like the most obvious solution, but when the very early stages go in personal electronics, these magnets are small and hot to retrieve because they're built in with other materials, making it easier to just use new new to me. but since the wind turbine and electric car markets are also expected to keep on growing, it could incentivize more recycling. and since the magnets use their a bigger it could be more cost effective. i can tell you that we're making version for this approach is to recover these forever elements in an environmentally friendly way. using that process, we call the assets free, the solution office. with this method, there is no need to pre sold and separate out re magnets. one by one instead of toxic assets. the process use is called the sold and selectively lead to valid with us. and these are examples of correct elements that we recover from these. it would

make it even easier if manufacturers already built their products with recycling in mind when we create the currently sustainable supply chains that involve a high degree every use recycling. that's when we're really gonna solve the problem is that create all this fear not just by trying to mine everything ourselves as individual nation. so it's unlikely that this obscure element is going out of fashion. any time soon? did you know about super magnets in there? do me m, please let us know in the comments and subscribe. we post videos like this, every 5 the,

the, the maritime trade and tourism can be powerful sources competing on the growth. but they come with greater risk than before. container shipping is vulnerable to both accidents and political conflict. crew ships caused considerable environmental

damage. can we still afford these enormous vessels? made in germany next, on d, w. refugees, welcome. one german vintage takes in 5 times as many people as the official quote to require. how is that possible? many residents as to strategies and funding language courses and jobs? we accompany one of these volunteers and is to help focus on 0. in 60 minutes on d, w, the, the,

the special hot spots in germany 0 dw travel extremely worth a visit. the words people have to say is too much. that's why we listen. because every weekend on w task from a sponsored 0 on, it's wanted to say a weapons and he knows how to use this to me and treat him. this guy knows about energy in a way that these as much functions have no idea. it's been pretty clear, especially of late. the energy often can be the printer symbol. that's what menu deals with multiple warnings to fix that. but just

a glimpse behind the facade of this energy time tell us, gosh, from russia's political weapon starts february, 3rd, on dw, the, whenever you eat a banana, prepare and all of a condo for try on a new pair of jeans. you should know that these goods usually come from far away, who spend weeks on the road and dark containers transported by rail by truck, but mostly on the high seeds that a lot can happen on their way around the world. that's why shipping containers need to pass crash tests even better would be to avoid accidents with them altogether. also in this episode, how have containers revolutionized retail? why.