the volume is the ice melting more rapidly than in the ice fields unknown. patagonia, the last year was a year of extreme weather extreme storms and lived. yeah. extreme rain for example, in brazil the and extreme heat in greece. the scientist say that climate change is going to make stream, weather events more frequent. how can we prepare our cities and rural areas for this new future? stay tuned for all this and more coming up on dw science show. welcome to tomorrow

. today, the seasoning hot heat waves are becoming an increasing problem in urban areas around the world. rising temperatures and humidity can also lead to torrential rains with stormwater that can overwhelm urban drainage systems. but architect christina ice and bond has come up with a solution is here on the 10th floor of an adaptive high rise built by the university of stuttgart and south western germany. she's been testing her idea under real life conditions. our approach involves creating surfaces and building designs that can absorb rainwater, which can then be used in the building and later on during a hot spell that water can be used for evaporative sustainable cooling a hybrid. her solution involves special tech styles called hydro skin elements

that are attached directly to the facade. inside the high rise, there are special tanks that store collected rainwater. on hot dry days, this water is returned from the tanks to the facade element. the windows are covered with 2 lightweight textile skins which are separated by a porous space or fabric that allows the air between the 2 layers. to circulate the water can evaporate, helping to cool the buildings interior and improve the micro climate outside the building. and that also the point is that we've discovered that if we were to equip this entire building with hydro skin and all stuff, we could cool down a specific volume of air by 10 degrees celsius in cartersville, paved surfaces and the lack of trees and vegetation are also heating up our cities

and turning city roads into rivers after a heavy rain fall. the hi drove skin facade elements can make a difference here too. in a downpour, they remove some of the excess rainwater and funnel it to the tanks. the rainwater is 1st collected by a file on the inside of the element, which then drains the water down into a profile system. that water can then be put the various uses for flushing toilets, for example, or to cool the building and test show that the system works, your hot buttons. we installed more than 50 sensors and our test stations, plus one weather station on the facade, and one on the roof. although the sensors measure how much the facade is cooled during hot weather, and how much water can be absorbed when it rains. this test station 2 shows,

there were 640 grams of water in the batch. after about half an hour of rain, there is 974 grams of water. in principle, the textile can absorb an unlimited amount of water. what matters is the profile system in the profile system, the water pipes and metal frames determines how much water can be captured in a down for the long. this here shows how we refine the technology item. this profile system is large enough so that it could handle a once in a century rainfall event, but still lender enough that it wouldn't interfere with the architect tonic anesthetic aspects of the facade. pushing on for fun, here. in many cities around the world, sewage systems can no longer handle the run off from frequent storms. so rainwater retention setup will become ever more important. christina, ice and bonds, hydra skin system,

is made of synthetic fibers that are almost completely recyclable. and instead of bouncing off the text style structure, the raindrops are almost entirely absorbed, making for a very efficient harvesting system. the architecture of some of her inspiration from tech style is used in other industries. and they're also used in the automotive industry and car seats, for example. why is that? because people don't want to sweat on long drives and they want their sweat to evaporate quickly. so the material encourages air circulation. that's also useful for our work, since it helps the water evaporates and enhances the cooling effect for stack architects have long been familiar with the principal of adaptive cooling. the new high tech hydro skin fabric is an extension of that principle. and it's so lightweight that it can be retrofitted on most any building that i should take. as an architect, i can imagine all sorts of design possibilities,

beginning with different colors, patterns, logos, and images, or even incorporating movable elements onto the facade which could be pushed back and forth, folded in and out, or even flipped back and forth. and the possibilities are almost unlimited. water can make urban heat. pilots more bearable, much like a fountain can cool us on a hot day. eclip with evaporative facades, entire buildings could create sustainable cooling micro climates. and that might happen much sooner than we think. the hydro skin fabric has already been patented, in a down for when $15.00 to $25.00 leaders of rain per square meter fall in just a single hour flooding can be a real problem. the simulation for this, we just city of golf and birds shows what can happen. one problem is that most urban spaces nowadays have been paved over. the rain can't be absorbed, leading to flooding. due to climate change programs to weather improve,

our cities are growing increasingly important. hamburg and northern germany is leading the way climate change. it's bringing heavier rains and increased flooding to many areas and the gemini is no exception. that's why our judges, andreas cooling becca, wants to help with it and watch it pretty much the city defendants worship some vendor. we can only protect ourselves if we know how big the button will be in the future. let me and if we don't carry out measurements, or we can do is guess of after the scientists to set up the t y, the stations that send him data from every corner of the city. these precipitation gauges show how much rain has fallen in each area. so then when they're going online, alpha, this is basically a target that collects the precipitation of the need, are flock ultimate, and then it weighs it using a very precise scale just here we can see in real time how much rain is stolen in this location, the states who refused to calculate what might happen in the future. we must have

shown about some good, see and then we need to understand what would happen if we had a downfall with the intensity of 8 or the intensity of tens missed the name of ok. it's better if we don't wait until we actually have that kind of rainfall event. the more than just said, feed our models with our data and use the models to predicts what would happen even go to those or constructing this kind of weather data will help them and this up a water authority plan for the future. andrea is cool and becca and his colleague andre aspire a using new simulation software to generate a model. so humbug, they can now generate predictions that every address and location in the city using the simulation software that testing various solutions could a trench in this city park helped i'm good x x ray more to me. i wouldn't make it

too big. i don't think it's necessary this. let's start with 10 centimeters. okay. you okay. okay, sounds good. on the other side of the street, a retaining wall could protect the houses. they sketch it in on the software. it calculates where the retaining wall and the trench with dimes, it will to kind of, it's tricky of raising it made a difference. let's good left out. right? yes. okay. the water only reaches the curb and everything else flows towards the park. just the way we want it to know nice position in the park. the ground will soak up the will to one example of how humbug is being turned into a sponge. city areas where water can sleep into the ground. green roof tops water permit surfacing and rainwater tanks. a real part of the package rainwater will be put to good use right on the spot sustaining constituting heat waves and allowing

for evaporative cooling, making 100 more climate resilience. 10 victim dish dot, turning the city into a sponge, city would be beneficial in 2 ways. from 1st, we'd be reducing the button. it's heavy rainfall and we'd be reducing the burden of long dry spells. it seemed that even last one, but on top, so we'd have a win win situation, a big one. also protecting our drainage and drinking water supply systems between us as also steam the cities schools are also getting in on the act. this school yard is being re thumped in accordance with cooling back as simulations, environmental engineer both vin and fleet accent is in charge. it's another day in the transformation of 100 into a sponge city. a city tilted with areas that could absorb water by not almost on the roofs, drain into retention basins. that has several advantages, but it's good for the natural water balance and helps replenish the ground water

plus the evaporation from the base and copes cool down the city and crude and effects sort of stop sima. give it to him. here you go. to the top of the event, i don't know the top right under. yep. the most popular tide? yeah. phone doesn't were 9 meters 90 me? don't know. unsafe. okay. all right, let's see minutes. andre is cool. who becca enters the new base and into his model on one. mm hm. so it's amazing how much it based on that disconnect. so i'm kind of that this price is a nice truvada. we come up with an idea of in say, it reminded me to do all sorts of measurements and simulations you own. and then we want to become a reality here in the school. we often easy at that and this was next. it's one of the great parts of our work, and it's usually mostly a 19 year old son in all a number of other areas in this school year out of this. they've been turned into

sponge. it's like here behind the school. giftings blower jerry is a mass fault. we're removed here and replace it with a water permeable surface is that allows to bring water to see them to the ground water skins in school. as you can see, the water 1st starts the flow, but pretty soon it gets absorbed and then flows down into the ground water. the rain helps keep the soil here moist rather than just ending up in the cities sewage system. so we should be fine. what's important is that we get started, can we start trying things? i'm gaining experience bit by bit and it's very annoying to validate the generations. we'll learn from our experiences and maybe improve on it device to best on my from as we have someone has to take the 1st step most. i'm gonna begin by working with low to robinson against it. and the is implementing nature of a solutions for a sustainable feature. we're minds about science bounced technology.

that's why dw signs is now on take talk. what do be fun? why do gravitational ways that that is when the people begin getting high and laughing gas out? the drums boogie to the beads. and what's the perfect kid football find? find the on says, gets most c w science on new tick tock channel. what is read? why are they if you have a special science question, send it to us as a video, text or voice mail. if we answer it on the show, we'll send you a little present as a thank you. come on. just ask. this week you were question comes from p g in south africa.

is there a difference between clouds and salt? physically speaking? no, because folk is nothing more than a cloud above the ground. advice consist of tiny to drop that slicing and the these drop cuts assumed when will to a desperate storm lakes, rivers, or ocean. the water vapor closes, it rises and condenses. the main difference between salt and clouds is how high they are. if it's cold enough, near the ground, for rule to vapor to condense that forms of visible max, this happens most in autumn and winter. as soon as the massive growth of acreage structure ability to see beyond the kilometer away, we quoted smoke cool. other visible accumulations of water vapor across clouds.

scientists differentiate between a total of 10 types according to the around to toot high level clout, also known as cirrus clouds. farmington altitude of 5 to 13, columbus because as it's very cold, the, the made up entirely of ice. the middle cloud storm between 2 and 7 kilometers above the ground. they include a type of cloud, noticed ulta, cumulus, low level clouts, a cub at low, a height of 2 kilometers. so i'm like the straight to scout a, so close to the ground that they're roughly referred to as high folks. the investor who clouts extends over several layers, like for example, the cumulus clown, which also looks like a cauliflower at the top. the molten holes of the surface is typically covered by clouds, advice,

clouds and folk plain into to roll and meet to urology. they regulate the schools to balance and have a big impacts on the climate the clouds fog and miss direct kind of atmosphere at water vapor in places that are especially parched into air. it harvesting water from the clouds could make all the difference. that includes the regions like the middle east and north africa, and particularly places where the clouds are practically close enough to touch the early morning clouds of gathering and the mountains of ground come out and the strange structures will capture them on the phone or leave a is an environmental technician with the life and you have lots of projects here.

he's showing a trainee. the principal based on nature's model has to go in loads linking it, but it has like an extra moyer from their low mean. i'm afraid he got locked up. they sucked it up. it's like a small issue. the moment do you, unusual instructions take advantage of a common phenomenon on the north side of spain's canary islands. crowns move in from the atlantic stall on the mountain sides. shone or leave under his colleagues of setup for collect as cloud catches fell on monday they sunk a valuable both in the same way the like i'm to do in a more when i my yeah, don't the let me every let go the when push as far as the into these financing, the idea that by the back door and like a tiny water, drop the roll into

a bigger draw obviously, and that, but having it, i don't know what that is, which then fall into the collect the flow into the tank. so let's do this, i'm gonna put a roller, they heat allow us, you know, what's available to in total. they've collected 90000 liters of water over 2 years . water is gas on grand canal area. the reservoirs of running dry. the art conditions i'm making wildfire is more frequent in 2019 and was hit by devastating fire 10000 heck to as far as fun. down 9000 people have to be evacuated. that we'll see that. okay, i see it because he said that's what he meant, that it's a vicious circle. gotcha. the lack of water means there's less healthy for because i'm pretty weighty and everything this dry, some 50 feet garcia, cuz it says her and mainly the, our fuel safety for the fire. the funny little bucket full was full. so the re far as being planting trees, species that will make the forest more resilient and they also use more to from the

cloud, couches they ask the florida will force the grow here get that will work like a natural fog catcher, was left on cnn trees take the water from the clouds and pass it came to the ground willis internet, so that means it could be the future of the island. and i see for now though, the present is dominated by agriculture. economically, the canaries depend number non across. but each tree needs 20 liters of water a day. one where i'm on source works. i plantation in the north, a grand canada. he's worried about warranted because rain is becoming ever more scarce. the the, i never let me see what the reason one option, the treating it is expensive over there with the income because i don't see what i really would do if i could large scale fields of phone captures in the mountains,

be a solution. the solid or leave trusts and the research project is working on new ways of capturing moisture from the clouds. that are yes, they expect this metal grid to be much more efficient than the plastic match they've been using sofa split. so might have been the goal. so not too badly using a sustainable and natural resources like fog could be a good solution. figure out if it is. yeah, but uh, send the we could water, gar, tree seedlings with it. and everything was done and a farmer could use the water was on the plantation when that was done to the the hour for that to work. so crowns would have to continue gathering him in the mountain sides. if there's a change in weather patterns, cloud captures might also the full victim to climate change. after years of extreme drought and late 2023, a short rainy season,

broad exceptionally heavy rains to ne, down for a car. the ground was so dry that it couldn't absorb the water which led to severe flooding. for one of the water could be stored in the sand to help balance out the cycles of droughts and heavy rainfall. in kenya, local communities had begun implementing the sustainable solution. the honest, a, c, m, a loony is working for her future and the future of her children and grandchildren . together with other residents of oakia in southern kenya, they're building a sand, damp. the water stored here in the rainy season will help sustain that community to in the dry season. draught in the area was not so nice visual stuff. we couldn't move long distances. so we decided how can we stay in this direction for a long time? kinda mixed sometimes because of the what i no idea. the mac wendy

region is no stranger to extreme weather. there are 2 short, intense rainy seasons each year. but the rainwater seats away almost overnights and the rivers dry out the sand down. we'll store this rain water in the river back and keep it from evaporating as quickly they fix the sun to us. is that the, it at this last point that's a lex and a stores the water and basically, um send, uh will provide that medium where the, the, what i actually started within the, within the funds wanted me to be law will not ever operate. but it shouldn't be available for the communities local communities do most of the work themselves. it's not always easy to find enough volunteers digging is hard work. building the dam costs about 2000000 canyon shillings, or about 15000 bureaus. it's made of mostly local materials,

like rocks and sand. once they've collected the local materials, then the other thing that you need, which comes from outside the communities this segment. the state of that is useful . this population over the done and why plus the team, but you can see which forms that form like of the fund. i'm not far away. there's a completed send. it can store up to 50000000 liters of water, a bone for farmers like peterman gucci. these days he can pump water directly from the river. he mainly grows collard greens, tomatoes corn, and let us. and his crops are thriving or whatever the family doesn't need is sold at the local market. the water from the down has made a real difference. i mean, we were supposed to plant trees, but there are no trees without water. there were so many challenges. we used to grow vegetables here. when the water disappeared,

everything withered and died. well, that's because i'm, i, you, you've got coke. at 1st glance, it's dry as dust here, but appearances are deceiving. 2 meters below the surface. there are millions of leaders of water, all filtered by the sound. the dam has been supplying the surrounding community for 4 years now, even during the dry season and room lucila explains how it works. we have the concrete or we and number with the store to and to avoid the then that's what a see what the through, by bought at that waves to the some the, and from the some the what ice pumped to start and dunce, where the communities i bought to draw water for human consumption. the rain that falls here doesn't just evaporate, it's stored underground. a system of pipes linked to a solar power unit. pumps the water to storage tanks. people here can now grow new varieties of crumbs, ones that need more water. we brand even groves,

which we are not able to be brando dean daddy, thank you for as you bees who could do brandon, where they is brand new. what i need those i audio we received corps underwood climate, but you know, we have our dunden with so we can also, i'll keep the same women also benefit from these local sam dams which receive much of their funding from our can nova a foundation based interest in germany, instead of walking long distances to fetch water women canal, fill up their canisters directly at the local water kiosk. during the walk this on dunlab uh, size grace exit such and such of what we do during our community mobilization is to encourage the communities to be part of the process from this doctor event. and also we emphasize on the importance of them, but the spacing at every stage. defendants may seem simple,

but for local communities they can make all the difference. their hard work here will pay off now and in the future. that's all for now. thanks for watching tomorrow today and do join us again next week for another edition of dw science show you that the

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