and we'll be looking at how the ukrainians stayed. living lives when the comes to the price of the russian massage. what year 3, this might pardon the 1st one frank. the top story today is the melting ice caps, torrential flooding. well fires. climate change has already had an impact on millions of lives and on nature. like in forest research is a trying to hear what would sound like in owning well, that's much more on this week show the thanks to join us on dw science program. welcome to tomorrow. today marcos meta and his colleagues at work at 1600 meters above sea level and the

total forest preserve in switzerland, saucy, and todd valley. the woods here haven't been managed for 50 years. the team installed recorders and sensors here last fall to you to coordinate the record sounds in the ground and also from the air and they measure the micro climate at the same time. that's actually the core of my acoustic ecology work. you always really need context for the sounds you record and the landscape and context means you also measure the local climate to call the key and all the devices are concealed by weather proof covers able to withstand rain, wind, and snow. sometimes things still go wrong with it on, you know, something's not on it. probably some miles then moisture got into it for it to godaddy. com on the ground sensors record sound waves that are then amplified

a 100 fold. it sounds like this little control judy, sort of the soil you hear a wide range of sounds made by the animals that live in it, not just crawling and feeding noises, but also certain acoustic communications between animals. that's actually the most exciting thing and it makes sense natural, it's dark underground and when you can't see each other, it's communicating, acoustically is a good option. measuring bio diversity, acoustically to do so devices don't have to be assigned to specific animals. at this stage, it's mostly about detecting how much diversity soils are home to places where more and different sounds are measured or home to more species. one day the recordings could be used to create sound art, but they also provide research data barcas made or has worked for years with echo physiologist or whole month's 5 for the measures, even more parameters among the moisture content and the soil. and also tree grows

to do so he developed a device called the point 10 durometer. i mean the can in the me co made we can use it to measure when the trunk expands and contracts again with micro meter precision . see all the data reveals when and how much a tree grows up is good for me. you might think trees grow between spring and fall, but that's really not the case. growth usually only happens within 2 months and within those 2 months, only on relatively few days. and on those days, only at night. so growth actually occurs during a very limited number of hours on 12 points to the data. he records helps identify the climatic conditions under which a tree species will still grow, and when drought and heat cause it to stop growing the bottom of the steel. if a tree dies research into it, we'll hit a dead annual max,

but we'd like to be able to use the setup to predict where certain trees species are reaching their limits. and such tools. around 400 trees spread across switzerland had been wired up in this way. all of them are part of a measurement network called tree. net this and get the thoughts and the phone. okay, so here's yesterday's data from all over switzerland by it's co lated automatically and maps like this. so you can see how much the trees are growing at any given moment and deployment, or whether they're going better or worse than in other years old to slay stop the box and all the norms on the, on the upper map indicates gross. the lower one water supply avoid united with loss of assaults and all the water supply was actually good this year, gross, as in previous years is very below average. the file tree growth is complex because

it doesn't just depend on current conditions. we talk about what's called the legacy effect. so on them. so what happened last year or 2 years ago can have an influence of what conditions where the trees exposed to even into years before that basically doing and how to be called the job at the for. so even if it has rained enough this year, fries in the network are still suffering from last year's extreme drought, but which woodlands might cope better with climate change? a natural forest left to its own devices for one managed by us humans. marcus made or wants to explore that question with his new project. today he's meeting up with forest or daniel boy, the the to discuss which forest areas make the most sense for a comparison. in this managed forest, all trees are sell to help young trees grow better. most of like you definitely can

some age and i compare it to our society and all different aging society sees more deaths and it's the same and the forest, the more old trees you have, the more trees will die. you see, our goal with this particular stretch of woods is to continuously rejuvenated, to encourage a young dynamic forest that can fulfill its protective function well, who the feeling called the main protective function of this forest is to shield the road below from avalanches, rock or mud slides, but of course it also provides many more benefits bodies to, to design and for us are good down uses because they retain precipitation and to then during dr periods, they release the water again, it goes, the soil stores a lot of it that, you know, just about can on managed for us, do what's needed just as well as a managed one just on the outside, just a super full. that could be that it works great,

but i could also be that it doesn't work beautiful. and we actually want to manage, at least that's human nature and agent that you want to do something about it and not leave it to chance and house, and it's us missed into, for the last 4. marcus made our to, for us to experiments, are part of a bigger question. should this cultivated landscape maintained by humans be preserved? or should we allow the wilderness to reclaim it? style by showing the sight i believe we have to move away from a human center or anthro, post centric and perspective if we want to solve our problems and dealing with the environment that lose the the acoustic ecologist expects initial results and around 4 years. ready indications of whether the wooded mountain eco systems can adapt on their own or if they will need a helping hand from humans. the

trees and far is having to adjust to woman temperatures. but also many of the plants we credit for food. oh, sometimes drink. in germany, for instance, it's changing traditional wines to, to growing seasons, leading to ones with punchy of flavors and a higher alcohol consent to like to dry a white wines of the past of growing honda to make because higher temperatures now cause grapes to ripen more quickly and produce more sugar among them those made with the reasoning variety is thought to come from the countries right and go region originally. now research is at the university this, i'm looking at an innovative way to provide grades with a little shade. the grades being harvested here are not just any grades. they're part of a pilot project for a very special reasoning vintage, at a vineyard attached to guys in hon university. in the high angle region of western

germany, scientists are trying to find out how the fruit develops in the shade of a 3 meter high. i agree voltaic system, also called an angry p v array. in addition to the shaded trial area, grapes and a control field or ripening under normal conditions, increasingly warm somers have accelerated the process. you know, if we have the laser as we have earlier harvests, so in the last couple of decades, the grapes have on average, ripened around 30 to 40 days faster than before. and these are 2 of them. welcome to the warmer temperatures, also change the aroma of the varieties grown here. the young about and it's on. the research involves nothing less than the future of lines, or at least of reasoning lines and not just here in the vine gal, regions, climate impact research or county a come on has observed more frequent, extreme weather. july 2023, for example, was the hottest sense measurements began in 1885. that stations happen. we

have some idea of weather wise. we had a few challenges. first, we had a very dry phase from mid may to mid june. then there was a short thunderstorm, and after that it was really hot and dry again for a long time and kind of use. so there were these gaps in precipitation lock and everything highlighted and read the temperatures. they're all significantly higher than the long term average on. yeah, they get me to come on thing. so many people underestimate how severe a climate change could be in the future. extreme weather events like heavy rain and hail followed by heat waves and trouts will occur more often, isn't just unimportant. we're at a point where we really noticed this heating up and have to contend with extreme consequences with stuff that's never happened before. situations that are new with their phone, for example, we've never seen sunburn on, defines people gotten done in the even the semi transparent photovoltaic modules are designed to protect the vines from too much sun and prevent early ripening.

well, they work month which story the hope so to see if i'm not to this one on top. of course, it was clear to me from the outset that the micro climate in particular would be altered by the protected condition of the specifically that it would be cooler under the photo voltaic system during the day. but that at night, the temperature would be slightly higher due to solar radiation lies to who to time . in other words, that the semi transparent modules would naturally change. both the light qualities tend to intensity with intensity and know what some of the difference is caused by the altered climatic conditions. under the modules surprised the scientists in the 1st year who see a gas to observe that the vines produced more leak surface area. this is i can use in your guns not truly said x one. this is actually a completely natural reaction on the part of the plan. so there's less light is

available. they respond by increasing the amount of area used for light absorption . so they produce larger liter. another observation was that the modules altered the distribution of water in the vineyard during and after a rainfall, apparently in favor of the thirsty vines. as the lessons of good fun is, we saw that moisture in the system last much longer as of a photo voltaic modules above the vines, keep them mostly drawn. and then up between the modules where there's a gap, it rains in that system. and after that water hits the ground, it remains there longer guide on the left, just as often born on the head successful. good. spend a few days if not weeks since the last rain and in the control area, everything is dried out again. let's look here. the soil is still moist and for just the project is successful. could agricultural landscapes one day disappear beneath high tech structures covered by photo voltaic or res, instead of plastic sheeting, like in southern europe,

concierge finished yet in that gig, we'll see this. there were islands of solar cells here in this area, not covering everything but islands, where of hikers know they can shelter from the scorching sun. okay. then that would be something i would find very attractive as a tour. if i knew i could always find a patch of shade and an island of biodiversity in the one where i could charge my cell phone or my bike battery. and that would also be an option that will offline via yelton and whoops, which card fine growth yielded important findings for the scientists. but now they're also curious to see what delayed ripening under the modules means for the taste and sugar content of the freshly pressed juice, or must more sunshine currently drives the sugar content of the grapes here so high that the resulting wine contains a lot of alcohol since the system could bring back, traditionally dry low alcohol reasonings. thank you again. well,

if it's the fermentation is just coming to an end, so it still has a lot of intense enrollments. fiedler intensive at the home. yeah. so yeah. so is that supposed to be fulsome? and what we're trying to do with this system is to turn reasoning back into the wine. it used to be one of the called this is owns. a lot of our hypothesis is that if we achieve a delay in ripe in there, and then we'll achieve a profile, perhaps more similar to the reasoning we used to know back in the old days it kaden on us. that's why those debit come photo bottex and fit a culture, an opportunity to create one that's fit for the future. and that harks back to the past of the world famous german riesling which could otherwise sunday, disappear, due to climate change. with that about science and technology that's like dw signs is now on take time. what's funny?

why do gravitational ways that that is when the people begin getting high and laughing gas out the drums boogie to the beads. and what's the perfect king footboard find? find the on says gets most dw science own new tick tock channel. the climate change isn't only having an impact on plans. carlos, for instance, of badly affected as well. most recent files of years old. but now environmental degradation and climate change a threatening to destroy them within the next few decades. warming waters have hit karl's hauled, now blue planets reese play a vital role in the help of many of the species. the destruction has not called effects for marine predators and pray alike these tides,

this eco systems also provide a key feed source for millions of people worldwide. is the still time to save them . coal rates, unlike any way else on us home to mind blowing, bio diversity in the world, recession with red dots here, they cover less than one percent of the ocean floor, but they actually support over a quarter of all marine life bill, cheese training animals co flips cult oh, a great deal of that magic. i'm that beautiful color to a complex co operation between organisms. i'll be live in the products tissue and provide nutrients to the call in exchange for protection. but this kind of cut too much is on the rent from climate change. c o 2 emissions dissolved in the seas making which is more acidic and weakening coal skeletons. and that's not shown

as global temperatures, so cold re suffer through as a more frequent and intense ocean heat waves. extreme temperatures caused the audi to produce hum full chemicals. prompting the coal polyps to kick them out. this is cole bleaching when vibrant products tend white from heat stress. a process that can eventually prove fatal. and global warming is already driving fast bleaching events. today. in the eastern caribbean, the goal was to find a balance protecting culls and other eco systems while still enabling tourism and fishing, fake sample in specific areas. the funds that the community was so involved in the designation the design of these areas. that is why it was so successful. there are also plenty of ways to enhance conservation methods like these take pain underwood to silence to look back fish for one slightly surprising example. and that is

evidence that by protecting reese from local stresses, marine protected areas, build resilience in the face of ocean to certification and rising temperatures. so we have to have multiple strategies and it is inter marine protected areas. this is lizzy mccloud, who's global cultural research, lead at the nature conservancy for such as like lizzie going one step further requests to help rates resist climate change by investigating how to actually toughen cold rates. and so some of the, the strategies people are using is, are taking corals that are, we call it stress hardens. so they're better able to deal with ocean warming and actually transplanting and moving them from those areas to other areas with the hopes that they'll pass along that trait to their all spring and help the coils in that new area be better able to cope with warming one way of doing this is to find

naturally heap of system colors that have survived. what is the full and transplant them from one beef to another. and these are the only cutting edge techniques, such as using the teams hoping to not just tossing up cold rates as a whole. but also the individual calls themselves in my research, mostly focusing on increasing the tolerance of karl. so he's, this is ecological geneticists, madeline find open. madeline's looking at a range of approaches to make colors more resistant to rising temperatures, for example, selectively breeding, to toughen out the toilet animals. alternatively, tinkering with the out the that give color back colors to micro get a live inside the carl dishes. so we can take them out of the coral. and most of these can be cultures in the lab. and in the left we can increase the rate by which

the cell gave you falls. madeline use this approach to create heat resistant policy, which when put back in polyps, created more heat assistant carlos. so if we combine all these approaches, is that it will we be able to save these unique eco systems from climate change. if we implemented every tool in our toolbox today from marine protected areas, reducing pollution using some of these more active interventions, stress hardening or manipulating the genetics of corals. it will not be enough to save corey's if we do not reduce emissions that is absolutely central. the truth is that coal respond incredibly sensitive to wyoming voters in 2018 the intake of a mental panel on climate change on. but even if the well, the limits global warming until 1.5 degrees, cold res could declined by 90 percent. if temperatures increased by 2 degrees,

that phase 99 percent or higher, but the well to t talk by more than the even face given emissions pos. if we don't fight to stop climate change, the fight to save cold reef is doomed. not in the distant future, but within just a few decades, couple of weeks could be be fast eco system entirely lost to the climate crisis. environmental decisions around the world. whether that's reducing plastic use or limiting global warming could make all the difference to the future of the world's race. even though they remain firmly anchored to the sea bed, coal rese play an existential role in the development and reproduction of many migratory animals. have you heard about a new report from the un convention that attracts the most vulnerable migrate to we species on land c, an s. it provides a so brain picture of that current flight of

a one and finally the close to extinction. the list of species under threat includes wall chemicals and various c tassels, and also a very special migrate to re shock. this week few a question comes from ro, hey leo, g l in mexico. the the whale shocks migrate. the noticed the gentle joints of the see, the largest fish on the planet, the they likes the womb and populate tropical and sub tropical realtors that we get to see them very rarely. well, shock speed, on plankton that's due to fetus. they stuck in some 6000 liters of water in our filter, out the food and expelled the accessible through with beckon's they migrates

and set to food and congregates that particular hot spots. one of the best known as the mingling reef of west and australia, the whale shocks migrate to every spring. when the car rolls on, an foss quantities of eggs and carl spun, attract crew and plank, 10 the molten full 100, while shops come together on your lead. for this method should be the natural spectacle summit truck smokeless diocese langley reef off is one of the best opportunities to get up close to these giant creatures which grow up to 18 meters long maybe while shocks a so relaxed because they have the cities scan in the animal kingdom, and like the fingerprint. each whale shock has a unique pattern of spots and stripes the

to help identify the animals. a database was created with photos taken by divers and tourists called the wiles books while shocks the photos around the lives by specially to sign software. originally developed for the hubble telescope, adopted for the new pappas stalls in the night sky, and the markings on a whale shock form similar patterns. the data shows that the number of whale shocks coming to mingling his credit over the yes, i'm 2 out of 3. come has several times satellite transmit to low reset just to track individual whale shocks, migration rates. and they offer new insights into the behavior of the still relatively mysterious giant fish. they migrate much further than we long thought.

the current record is held by this female, well, shall accept her from panama and cross the pacific ocean. the $235.00 days there was no sign of the human. she'd been sitting the way in the ocean depths before she finally returned to the surface after a migration more than 20000 kilometers the y. if you have a special science question, send it to us as a video, text or voice mail. if we on the street on the show, we'll send you a little present as a thing to come on just task that . so for now, thank you for watching tomorrow today and to join us again next week for another

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a score farms and destroyed lights. what is the legacy of this wide spread races, depression? today, the screen we need to talk about here, the stories, shadows of german colonialism. the this is dw news, and these are our top stories. saturday marks 2 years since russia began its full scale invasion of ukraine. keith is not facing a critical munition shortage of support from western partners slows the us and you have a nice new sanctions on russia, as the war continues. officials said on friday that a number of civilians were killed and attacks and ukraine size on these at least 10 people are not confirmed dead from a fire in an apartment.