to see the world, the subscribe. now to dw documentary the what was yesterday, a rescue mission is mail solely about recovery. those 6 construction workers who were filling potholes on what was the francis scott key bridge and baltimore in the blink of an eye. they and the bridge plummeted into the water's beloved. divers are now searching for bodies, carefully maneuvering their way in the twisted labyrinth of iron and concrete. tonight what we know about the investigation, a ship out of control, the bridge that stands no more. i broke off in berlin. this is the day the,

this is no ordinary bridge. this is one of the cathedrals of american infrastructure wake up here, the bridge collapse when you're thinking how you think they'd have things that it's not been happening. there really is a few things that are scarier than the loss of power here. it's all stop large. the main thing they gotta do right now is get that shipping channel open. this is going to be a thorough investigation. it's going to be a long when there's a tragedy like this. you know, we learn from these mistakes, right? also coming up the subterranean schools in ukraine. after the pandemic pushed lessons online, we looked at how war is now pushing the school children to go underground the safe in the subway because there are explosions outside and that was school

could be destroyed at the browser. i mean, i would like to go back to school with a no more school, which is more from that and here which will to our viewers watching on tv as in the united states, into all of you around the world. welcome. we begin to date with a shock of what we saw happen in real time, in the dark of night, a collision of the waters and the massive bridge collapsing like a house of cards. on wednesday, us federal safety officers recovered the black box recorder from the cargo ship. it struck the francis scott key bridge late tuesday night in baltimore. but they're looking for clues to why the vessel loss control ramping the bridge. just minutes after it had left port, president joe biden has pledged federal funds to pay for the reconstruction of the bridge. baltimore is one of america's major reports. it's too early to predict the impact of this disaster on maritime commerce,

but transportation secretary people ship. he says, 8000 jobs are directly at risk. fully loaded, the valley is still stuck. nobody knows how long it will take to free the best off from the tons of steel that collapsed on it when the ship veered into one of the harbor bridges main pillars. for now, the accident is causing major problems in and around the port. with a key bridge gone, a major audra read along the u. s. eastern seaboard has been cut. traffic will have to be rerouted for years to come, leading to clocked up streets and the greater washington dc area. but even worse, ship traffic in and out of port has also been stopped. the port of baltimore is one of the busiest in the united states handling more than $52000000.00 tons of ford cargo last year, contributing some $80000000000.00 to the countries for trade. it was access to the

ports, blocked incoming best. also we'll have to rewrite was to nearby ports, including those in new york and new jersey, further north and virginia little further south. among the goods handled and baltimore steel and cars. the port has major role on role of facilities. and it's the entry point for hundreds of thousands of cars per year. german automakers even have their own facilities inside the sprawling area. well, bmw volkswagen, located at speros point, just outside the main port. mercedes operates out of fairfield and won't be able to accept incoming vessels until further notice. us presence and fight. and let's to oversee a quick and strong response to the incident. and to ask the federal government for the funds needed to rebuild the bridge and port about the terrible onto puerto baltimore's, one of the nation's largest shipping house. it handles a record amount of cargo and last year it's also top part in america, both imports and exports. of automobiles and light trucks,

around $850000.00 vehicles, go through that port every single year. and we're going to get it up and running again as soon as possible. and local jobs are concerned in baltimore to we're looking at not having ships coming in for no one knows how long at this point. you know, that's gonna affect the lives of, of longshoremen and stevedores. and the tug boat crews. um that you know, potentially they are lose, they're going to lose income because there's no, there's no vessel traffic coming in or out of the port bringing baltimore back. we'll take time for now. the focus is on investigating what exactly happened on the valley in the 1st place, and how to make bridges more safe to avoid similar accidents in the future. what correspondent janelle do alone is covering the story force in baltimore. she

gave me an update on the investigation. since this happens, of course, there have been a lot of wild rumors are flying around from terrorism to cyber attacks. none of them ground. it isn't evidence of very important to stick to the facts here. as you mentioned earlier, the national transport and safety boards said that they had recovered the data recorder from the dalai, and that they're hoping to be able to use the contents of that recorder to piece together a timeline of events. what exactly happened when and of course other they've also started interviewing the crew members of the dalai and i witnesses the event. we're also hearing that the single port in accounts are parts of the n t s b. we'll also be traveling here to conduct an independent investigation, but i also want to highlight something that so transport secretary pete food, a judge just said just now in a briefing at the white house, he said that so a bridge of this age was of course have built in the 1970s would never have would

start the impact of such a large of us. so. so really what we're looking at here is a tail, perhaps of the older infrastructure colliding against modern commerce. and this is going to perhaps provide a moments of reckoning, especially given the role of this particular artery in logistics and commerce here. and that was our janelle develop their reporting from baltimore. but the talk more about what happens when modern converse meets, owed infrastructure enjoyed by man who designs and builds bridges around the world . he also gets involved when there's projects go wrong. david mackenzie is a senior director from the bridge consultancy firm coby, in the u. k. it's good to have you are with this, you're the man to talk to tonight. let me just start by asking you, what were your thoughts when you saw the video, like we did of this massive, massive bridge just following, you know, like like a set of lincoln locks. it was horrible. i could still have

a way to describe it. you know, to somebody to be on that bridge. and so your thoughts go out to the 6 people who are missing presumed dead, which is a trash. the absolutely track. that's the 1st floor. it's not something you see as an engineer is not something you have a calm, some place, and sense of ever seeing this week. we plan for bridges. we make all sorts of studies around them, but this is the bridge engineers was like there. as a layman, when, when i saw the video, what struck me 1st was how quickly we're talking about a matter of seconds, an entire massive infrastructure project. this bridge was able to just be no more. did you see uh, as an engineer, did you see any of the structural deficiencies at play? no, or what are you seeing there is you see a bridge and bridges with design bridges to resist ship? in fact, directly. ready just low impact,

what we do is we provide the protection system to protect the bridge. i can't see what happens is that has failed. it has not stopped that ship for meeting that bridge. who wants to ship it? the bridge. i'm afraid collapse was who was inevitable. it's the ship, in fact, protection system that is config file to the bridget cell towers, traffic and catastrophic well. but it was never designed to resist that sort of impact. the shipping back system should have done that. and that's what's failed in and what about the, the, the guard rails, if you will, that were built around the pylons of the bridge, looking at them from above. it seems that they were very small compared to the bridge itself. should, should those guard rails should they have been bigger with that have made a difference in this tragedy in this tragedy. now, what was required was you have it when you're looking finally breaking down rich, you can see that there's a pair all the cool dolph. it's a big, concrete blocks in the water is 2 x treatments to downstream and they define the

channel. so you can see them in the words they, those are, you know, i seen your pick to that, but they are, those are the, the recent house. but then i have a side of the bridge and the audio slate to find the channel. and they should protect a ship from steering into the break. but clearly they were inadequate. a modeling bridge would have been the system for an underwater island system that i, that deflects the rich back into the travel stops if meeting the bridge. oh, it uses the facts, are sand bottom and makes the ship run the ground. so and ship from the ground, they stopped very quick. so what happens is you could the powers of land g into a, basically it is use, you think the lift the ship up the r. and that's what's missing inside with that same place that you can design bridges to resist large impacts from ships of that size. but that was missing here. this bridge was opened in 1977. and if you ever going to design the new bridge it today to replace this, when would you do

a carbon copy or what would be different? you know, i think what's gonna happen here is that the, when the bridge was designed, the design for the, the 19 sixty's built in the seventy's. and so it would have been designed with strips of batch of the size of the time in mind me. and so therefore we have ships than what a fraction of the size they are now, the image slower and said that for the protection system, they would have been sufficient for that purpose. but nowadays what we would do doing the replacement design for this bridge, we'll have the child step further about. you will have a full break protection system in place, which would probably be an all island type systems. but if any ship comes be able to essentially get drums of ground so he can only go through the channels. um and just to say it would be a longest bambridge. so the child will be set back much further than the present manuals. so a level higher get dropped as well. stop any ships to ship something to potentially be hitting our, which is obviously a risk as well. so there will be

a significantly different bridge in that location when it gets rebuilt. this is not the 1st incident. what needs to happen this year? similar incidents happened. i understand that in china and argentina. and should we be looking at the infrastructure globally and considering just the scale of our global commerce? and it should infrastructure augmentations and re fittings be made a priority. now a yeah, i think you're looking at infrastructure around the world which is being built and they have for many use, a design lives for bridges are quite long. they have potentially have to, i'm pretty is what are the caps and economic lifespan. so what you're looking at here is a bridge we ship, you know, from the face of the evidence we see staring as in the face was not because, you know, the protection system was not up to modern ships that were traversing through the rich. so, so what we need to look at romwell,

the middle places is what are the risks associated with our infrastructure? what is one of the accidental things that could happen to them that we should protect against or understand what those risks are? clearly shifting back to some of the highest risk items for bridges, we know that and as you mentioned, the cult lapses that are being quite a few historically of this type of incidents. and it's all about how do you protect the rage from vehicles, from ships aging that bridge. and that's what's going to need to be looked at in d z o the condition that the structures. so i understand that there was nothing wrong with this bridge. it was up to code in every instance. so there was nothing. so in a defect on this bridge box, you know, clearly they ship it back to texas has been, was not up to code. yeah. they really were there is a big spending on the us infrastructure in the pipeline, but that will yeah, they couldn't help prevent what happened last night. that's for sure, david mccalla, we appreciate your time and your analysis tonight. thank you. thank you. as

well to the conflict in ukraine. now, where officials say a russian attack on the eastern city of our chief is killed at least one person and wounded several others. the ukrainian interior ministry reported that russian air strikes it at least 3 residential buildings and a school. the city's mayor says a medical facility was also damaged. the attack comes as keith calls for more air defense systems from the west to combat a search in missile strikes and recent weeks. the war and ukraine has destroyed many schools in front line areas, but a new initiative in her key few cranes, 2nd largest city names, nearly 2000 people's can now attend lessons in new classrooms, built underground in metro stations. the bell signals, the stocks of another day. everything here is as you'd expect,

children exercise books, bored and teacher. but there is one key difference. the school is subterranean, built within the cock is metro. russian missiles could strike this city as a moment's notice, so it's better for the children ceylon, below ground is safe in the subway because there are explosions outside. and that was school could be destroyed that the, these 1st graders have 3 lessons in the metro station today. followed by 2 more at home online once they've left all the classes take that place. this rotation gives as many children as possible the opportunity to learn in the classroom. of course the children and we take dismiss normal education very much by normal, i mean face to face communication. so when the opportunity arose, to learn here, we will very happy children, parents and teachers alike. elaina says that it felt strange to teach you at 1st,

but she still got used to me. it's what do you mean young lawyer? there are many sounds down here besides the trains, but we don't react to those anymore. they don't bother us anymore. new schools have now been built within 5 of call keeps metro stations adapted from what were once technical rooms and passages ventilation and video. cameras have been installed throughout while teachers are helped by classroom assistance. psychologists, administrators, some of this is pretty new for all of us. so use it had been difficult at times, but there are no unsolvable problems. there is only unwillingness to solve them. we had the desire to create all of this. more than 2200 students attend these metro schools. but there was still not enough space for everyone. a more than a 100 schools in khaki as have been damaged by showing many beyond repair. new underground schools are being built across cock give to accommodates most students

. but the children dream of a time when attending such facilities will no longer be necessary. i would like to go back to school with a no more school, which is more from that and here which so now at least these metro and schools are giving children a small taste of the structure. they want to click wanted with birth rates dropping dramatically in japan. a company there has an else that is stopping production of diapers for babies. it says demand is simply not there. instead, it's re focusing on the growing market diapers for adults, in fact, pampers where your parents have out sold diapers for your newborn. now for about a decade, it's a surprising piece of data that shines a light on a serious problem. the number of births in japan truck to a new low last year with more than twice as many debts as new babies board. if

things continue that way, japan's population could shrink by 30 percent over the next 45 years. my next guess tonight has been studying japan's futuristic solution to its demographic crisis. she's the author of the book, robo sapiens, japan, because robots, gender family and the japanese nation which explores the role of robots and japanese culture and society. please to welcome to the day jennifer robertson, she's a professor of anthropology and history of art at the university of michigan. so glad that we could connect tonight. and before we talk about solutions that let's just talk about the situation as it is just how serious and i, i say it's a crisis because we, we are always talking about, we always want to see growth. but this, is it a crisis, a demographic crisis that japan is dealing with to, demographically, yes. in terms of the number of the younger people in japan as a, you know, in,

in contrast to the number of older people in japan. and it's interesting to note that at the height of the japanese empire, in 1940, the population was about 78000000 people. but most of them were young. and today the population is about a 123000000 people. and about 30 percent of the population is over $65.00 and this percentage grows to almost 80 to 90 percent in the rural areas, including the area of the latest earthquake in japan. and you should call a prefecture on the japan sea coast. yeah. so what you're saying is basically the demographic, the, the, the chart has flip flopped in in the past century and it's 6 sets of japanese governments that they tried and been unable to encourage you know, the people to get married and have more babies. very good question. well, during the height of the pacific war, roughly 1932, the 1945 in japan, the government withheld birth control, and also allow soldiers to take 2 weeks for

a lo, so they could impregnate their wives, to put it directly. today in democratic japan, they can't do that. and so they are trying all sorts of options that are giving more money to the families to have children. but the idea was loaded back during the administration of the late a former prime minister ave, in 2006, 7 to introduce robots to the home. but that hasn't proved feasible at all. and i'm sure you're going to ask me, well, where are the robots injured pounds? yeah, that was really just let our viewers. yeah. we're, you know, we started by talking about diapers for adults and for older people. and now we're talking about the robot revolution that hasn't happened or has yet to happen as well. you know, there's a lot of mystification of robots in japan because i think japan is somehow right

for the confusion of science fiction and real world actual tangible robots. and people tend to think that the japanese are sharing, you know, sidewalks, space and homes in the office places with robots. but that is really far from the case um, most of the robots you find, for example, in homes or small entertainment robots, or household security robots. the robots that are used in elder care facilities and assisted living homes, take the shape of robot bath tubs or robots wheelchairs, and also possibly the most practical robot, the robot commode. but you know, many people have the idea of the japanese are being service by human wide robots, which are not very practical at all. and i, i can't emphasize enough that humanoid robots are very expensive to build. there are quite fragile and they are not in products, rather they are platforms for the generation of other industries,

increasingly surveillance. and i hate to say it is the weapons uh, economy plus, i mean, we know if you've ever been in a nursing home, people who work there they, they have some serious muscles. i mean, you're lifting people all the time. i mean, and we haven't seen robots doing that to successfully. why is japan pending and types of robots instead of just simply opening its borders to immigration? like many countries in the west are doing as well. is, is in japan does always followed a practical solution to patently social problems and they pursue the course of uh, automation over replacement, integration after world war 2. however, the robot revolution hasn't emerged as imagine, back in the early years of this century. and so what's happening is that it's

a lot easier to tweak a visa regulations, and these are criteria and to allow when more professional workers and also manual workers. now there is estimated an estimated shortage of 60002270001 nurses in japan. and earlier in the century, nurses from the philippines and indonesia were recruited, but they have a pass, a really rigorous a language exam, and many of them failed and got disappointed demoralized and ended up leaving. so what the government is doing now is working with chat g p t create uh, translation services, so that more for nurses will be able to communicate more efficiently with a japanese doctors and nurses. and of course their patients. that's interesting. i know back in 2007, former prime minister of a envision japan is a fully rubber tie society by 2025. you know,

that is next year is artificial intelligence isn't going to see the rise of the robots next year, or you're to get as well. it depends on what you mean by rise of the robots of you from talking about surveillance of weapons. absolutely. those are the most lucrative industries and nobody's today in japan. but i, you know, obviously former prime minister and late time minister hobbies robot envision, was pretty much strata science fiction and many job. and you said this is dated science fiction. you know, it's not feasible. it's not practical, but on the, the, you know, the, the sensors, whether they're touch or, or side of town that went in to those initial robot experiments. we're all spun off into the mysteries that are far more lucrative today, including you know, so the tunnel is cars, drones, the japanese are now getting into the fighter plane mark. yeah, that's where i bought this specially surveillance on, you know, chat g p t is,

has been called a great, uh, plagiarism machine and it is lawrence on data that is that to it. but it's also streaming data. so data today is capital and the, some of these companies that are creating robots that uh, provide translation services, for example, are also collecting that data and then searching them to parties. but i mean it's, it's fascinating when you think about it and it makes you wonder to if we're going to see the, the singularity event happened this decade of the next decade. and if, if so, will the merge of machine and man will that make a difference to me, these are huge questions. fascinating. so glad we got to talk with you jennifer roberts and please come back as i have a feeling go be lots to talk about in the future. thank you very much for inviting me. it was a pleasure and i hope to come back. thank you. so today it continues online in the never whatever happens between now and then tomorrow is another day. we'll see you

then in the

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this is the, the news live it from berlin. tonight, the death toll from that bridge collapse in the us mail stance. it's 6, divers, have recovered the data recorder from that cargo ship, which crashed into baltimore's francis scott key bridge. now, a major us for it is out of action. also coming up is really prime minister benjamin netanyahu. chancello talks in washington when the us decided not to veto a human call for a ceasefire in gauze that are those talks mail back on and thailand moves a step closer to allowing same sex marriage if the senate and king agree.