sewing potholes on what was the francis scott key bridge and baltimore. in the blink of an eye they and the bridge plummeted into the water's beloved. divers are now searching for bodies, carefully maneuvering their way in the twisted labyrinth of iron and concrete. tonight, what we know about the investigation, a ship out of control, the bridge that stands no more. i broke off in berlin. this is the day the, this is no ordinary bridge. this is one of the cathedrals of american infrastructure wake up here, the bridge collapse when you're thinking how you think they'd have things that it's not been happening. there really is a few things that are scarier than the loss of power. here itself is the stop large. the main thing they gotta do right now is get that shipping

channel open to this is going to be a thorough investigation. it's, uh, it's gonna be a long when there's a tragedy like this. you know, we, we learn from these mistakes also coming up the subterranean schools in ukraine. after the pandemic pushed lessons online, we looked at how war is now pushing the school children to go underground. it's safe in the subway because the explosions outside dealt with school could be destroyed at the you know, browser. i mean, i would like to go back to school with a no more school, which is more from that and here which will to our viewers watching on tv as in the united states and to all of you around the world. welcome . we begin the day with a shock of what we saw happen in real time, in the dark of night,

a collision of the waters and the massive bridge collapsing like a house of cards. on wednesday, us federal safety officers recovered the black box recorder from the cargo ship that struck the francis scott key bridge late tuesday night. in baltimore. they're looking for clues to why the vessel lost control ramping the bridge. just minutes after it had left port president j biden. as fledge federal funds to pay for the reconstruction of the bridge. baltimore is one of america's major boards. it's too early to predict the impact of this disaster on maritime commerce, but transportation secretary punch it. he says, 8000 jobs are directly at risk. fully loaded, the davi is still stuck. nobody knows how long it will take to free the best off from the tons of steel that collapsed on it when the ship veered into one of the harbor bridges main pillars. for now, the accident is causing major problems in and around the port. with

a key bridge gone, a major audra read along the us, eastern seaboard has been cut. traffic will have to be re routed for years to come, leading to clocked up streets in the greater washington dc area. but even worse, ship traffic in and out of port has also been stopped. the port of baltimore is one of the busiest into united states handling more than $52000000.00 tons of for and cargo last year, contributing some $80000000000.00 to the countries for trade. it was access to the port blocked incoming vessel. so we'll have to rewrite those 2 nearby ports, including those in new york and new jersey, further north and virginia little further south. among the goods handled in baltimore steel and cars. the port has major role on role of facilities. and it's the entry point for hundreds of thousands of cars per year. german automakers even have their own facilities inside the sprawling area. well, bmw volkswagen,

located at sparrows point just outside the main port. mercedes operates out of fairfield and won't be able to accept incoming vessels until further notice. you as president biden likes to oversee a quick and strong response to the incident, to ask the federal government for the funds needed to rebuild the bridge and port about the terrible into port. a. baltimore is one of the nation's largest shipping towns. it handles a record amount of cargo and last year it's also top port in america, both imports and exports of automobiles and light trucks. around 850000 vehicles. go through that port every single year. and we're going to get it up and running again as soon as possible. and local jobs are a concern in baltimore to we're looking at not having ships coming in for. no one knows how long at this point, you know, that's gonna affect the lives of the longshoremen and stevedores and the tug boat

cruise um that you know, potentially they are lose. they're going to lose income because there's no, there's no vessel traffic coming in or out of the port. bringing baltimore back. we'll take time for now. the focus is on investigating what exactly happened on the dolly in the 1st place, and how to make bridges more safe, to avoid similar accidents in the future. like who responded janelle to malone is covering the story for us in baltimore. she gave me an update on the investigation . since this happens, of course, there have been a lot of wild rumors are flying around from terrorism to cyber attacks. none of them grounded in evidence, a very important to stick to the facts here. as you mentioned earlier, the national transport and safety boards said that they had recovered the data recorder from the dalai, and that they're hoping to be able to use the contents of that recorder to piece

together a timeline of events. what exactly happened when and of course other they've also started interviewing the crew members of the dolly and i witnessed the event. we're also hearing that the single port in accounts are parts of the n t a c will also be traveling here to conduct an independent investigation. but i also want to highlight something that so transport secretary pete food, a judge just said just now and a briefing at the white house. he said that so a bridge of this age was of course, built in the 1970s would never have would start the impact of such a large of us. so. so really, what we're looking at here is a tail, perhaps of our older infrastructure colliding against modern commerce. and this is going to perhaps provide a moment of reckoning, especially given the role of this particular artery in logistics and commerce.

here that was our janelle developed their reporting from baltimore with the talk more about what happens when modern commerce meets owed infrastructure enjoyed by man who designs and builds bridges around the world. he also gets involved when there's projects go wrong. david mackenzie is a senior director from the bridge consultancy firm covey in the u. k. it's good to have you are with us. you're the man to talk to tonight. let me just start by asking you what were your thoughts when you saw the video? like we did of this massive, massive bridge just following, you know, like like a set of lincoln locks. it was horrible. i could still have the way to describe it, you know, to somebody to be on that bridge. and so your thoughts go out to the 6 people who are missing presumed dead, which is a crash. the actually track that's the 1st floor. it's not something you see as an engineer. it's not something you ever come some flights in terms of ever seeing this week. we plan for bridges, we make all sorts of studies around them,

but this is the bridge engineers was like there. as a layman, when, when i saw the video, what struck me 1st was how quickly were talking about a matter of seconds and entire massive infrastructure project. this bridge was able to just be the more did you see a, as an engineer? did you see any of the structural deficiencies at play? no, or what are you seeing there is you see a bridge and bridges with a design bridges to resist chip. in fact, directly. ready just low impact, what we do is we provide the protection system to protect the bridge. katie, what happens is that it's failed. it is not stopped that ship forbidding that bridge. who wants to ship it? the bridge. i'm afraid collapse was who was inevitable. it's the shipping back protection system that is completely fail to the bridge of cell towers, traffic, and catastrophic well. but it was never designed to resist that sort of impact. the shipping back system should have done that. and that's what's failed in. i mean,

what about the the, the guard rail is if you will, that were built around the pylons of the bridge, looking at them from above. it seems that they were very small compared to the bridge itself. should. should those guard rails should they have been bigger with that have made a difference in this tragedy in this tragedy. now what was required was you have it when you're looking finally, breaking down rich, you can see that there's a pay or what we call the, it's a big concrete blocks in the water is 2 x treatments to downstream and they define the channel. so you can see them in the words they, those are, you know, i seen your picture there, but they are those look at the recent house. but then i have a side of the bridge and the audio slate to find the channel. and they should protect a ship from steering into the break, but clearly they were inadequate. a modeling bridge would have been the system for an underwater island system that i,

that reflects the rich back into the travel stops if meeting the bridge. oh, it uses the facts, are sand bottom and makes the ship run the ground. so it will ship from the ground . they stopped very quick. so what happens is you could the powers of land g into a basically it is use you think the lift the ship up the on. and that's what's missing inside with that same place that you can design bridges to resist log. in fact, some ships of that size, but that was missing here. this bridge was opened in 1977. and if you were going to design the new bridge it today to replace this, when would you do a carbon copy or what would be different or no, i think what's gonna happen here is that the, when the bridge was designed, the design for the, the 19 sixty's built in the seventy's and so it would have been designed which trips out that's of the size of the time in mind. me. and so therefore we are ships than what a fraction of the size they are now. they were slower and said that for the

protection system, they would have been sufficient for that purpose. but nowadays what we would do doing the replacement design for this bridge will have the child set so that he will have a full, rich protection system in place, which would probably be an all island type systems. but if any ship comes viewed essentially it runs the ground, so he can only go through the channel. and just to say it would be a along the span bridge. so the child will be set back much further than the present manuals. so a level higher get dropped as well. stop any ships. total ships, 100 potentially be hitting are, which is obviously a risk as well. so there will be a significantly different bridge in that location when it gets rebuilt. this is not the 1st incident. what needs to happen this year? it's similar incidents happened. i understand that in china and argentina. and should we be looking at the infrastructure globally and considering just the scale of our global commerce? and it should infrastructure augmentations and re fittings be made

a priority now yeah, i think you're looking at infrastructure around the world which is being built since they have for many years. a design lives for bridges are quite long they have potentially have to, i'm pretty is what are the caps and economic lifespan? so what you're looking at here is a bridge we ship, you know, from the face of the evidence we see staring as in the face was not the 1st because, you know, the protection system was not up to modern ships that were traversing through the ridge. so, so what we need to look at romwell, the middle places is what are the risks association with our infrastructure? what is one of the accidental things that could happen to them that we should protect against or understand what those risks are? clearly shifting back because we're the highest risk items for bridges. we know that and as you mentioned, the cult lapses that are being quite a few historically of this type of incidents. and it's all about how do you protect

the rate from vehicles, from ships aging that bridge. and that's what's going to need to be looked at. or indeed, you know, the condition that the structures and so i understand that there was nothing wrong with this bridge. it was up to code in every instance. so there was nothing. so in a defect on this bridge box, you know, clearly they ship it back to texas has been, was not up to code. yeah. they really were there is a big spending on the us infrastructure in the pipeline, but that will yeah, they couldn't help prevent what happened last night. that's for sure. they've been mechanically, we appreciate your time and your analysis tonight. thank you. thank you as well to the conflict in ukraine now, where officials say a russian attack on the eastern city of our chief is killed at least one person and wounded several others. the creating an interior ministry reported a russian air strikes it, at least 3 residential buildings and a school. the city's mayor says a medical facility was also damaged. the attack comes as keith calls for more air

defense systems from the west to combat a search in missile strikes and recent weeks. the war and ukraine has destroyed many schools in foot line areas, but a new initiative in hurricane few cranes. second largest city means nearly 2000 people is, can now attend lessons in new classrooms, built underground in metro stations. the bell signals the stocks of another day. everything here is as you'd expect, children exercise books, board and teacher. but there is one key difference. the school is subterranean, built within the cock is metro. russian missiles could strike this city at a moment's notice. so it's better for the children ceylon, below ground is safe in the subway because there are explosions outside. and that was school could be destroyed,

that the, these 1st graders have 3 lessons in the metro station today, followed by 2 more at home online. once they've left all the classes, take that place. this rotation gives as many children as possible the opportunity to learn in a classroom. of course, the children and we take dismiss normal education very much by normal, i mean face to face communication. so when the opportunity arose, to learn here, we will very happy children, parents and teachers alike. elaina says that it felt strange to teach you at 1st, but she still got used to me. it's what do you mean young lawyer? there are many sounds down here besides the trains, but we don't react to those anymore. they don't bother us anymore. new schools have now been built within 5 of call keeps metro stations adapted from what were once technical rooms and passages ventilation and video. cameras have been installed

throughout while teachers are helped by classroom assistance. psychologists, administrators, some of this was pretty new for all of us. so use it had been difficult at times, but there were no unsolvable problems. there was only unwillingness to solve them. we had the desire to create all of this move in 2200 students attend these metro schools. but there was still not enough space for everyone. more than a 100 schools in khaki, if have been damaged by showing many beyond repair the new underground schools are being built across khaki if to accommodates most students. but the children dream of a time when attending such facilities will no longer be necessary. i would like to go back to school with a no more school, which is more from that than here, which for now at least these metro and schools are getting children a small tice that the structure he wants to click onto it

with birth rates dropping dramatically. in japan, a company there has an else that is stopping production of diapers for babies. it says demand is simply not there. instead, it's re focusing on the growing market diapers for adults. in fact, pampers for your parents, have out sold diapers for your newborn now for about a decade. it's a surprising piece of data that shines a light on a serious problem. the number of births in japan dropped to a new low last year with within twice as many deaths as new babies board. if things continue that wage appearance population could shrink by 30 percent over the next 45 years. my next guest tonight has been studying japan's futuristic solution to its demographic crisis. she's the author of the book robotic sapiens, japan because robots, gender family and the japanese nation which explores the role of robots and japanese culture and side police to welcome to the day jennifer robertson, she's

a professor of anthropology and history of art at the university of michigan, so glad that we could connect tonight. and before we talk about solutions that let's just talk about the situation is it is just how serious and i say it's a crisis because we, we are always talking about we always want to see growth. but this, is it a crisis, a demographic crisis that japan is dealing with to, demographically, yes. in terms of the number of the younger people in japan as a, you know, in, in contrast to the number of older people in japan. and it's interesting to note that at the height of the japanese empire, in 1940, the population was about 78000000 people. but most of them were young. and today the population is about a 123000000 people. and about 30 percent of the population is over $65.00 and this percentage grows to almost 80 to 90 percent in the rural areas,

including the area of the latest earthquake in japan. and you should call a prefecture on the japan sea coast. yeah. so what you're saying is basically the demographic, the, the, the chart has flip flopped in in the past century and it's 6 sets of japanese governments that they tried and been unable to encourage you know, the people to get married and have more babies. a very good question. well, during the height of the pacific war, roughly 1932, the 1945 in japan, the government withheld birth control, and also allowed soldiers to take 2 weeks for a lo, so they could impregnate their wives, to put it directly. today in democratic japan, they can't do that. and so they are trying all sorts of options that are giving more money to the families to have children. but the idea was floated back during the administration of the late a former prime minister of

a in 2006, 7 to introduce robots to the home. but that hasn't proved feasible at all. and i'm sure you're going to ask me, well, where are the robots injured pants? yeah. what was going to just let are us? yeah, we're, you know, we started by talking about diapers for adults and for older people. and now we're talking about the robot revolution that hasn't happened or has yet to happen as well. you know, there's a lot of mystification of robots in japan because i think japan is somehow right for the confusion of science fiction and real world actual tangible robots. and people tend to think that the japanese are sharing, you know, sidewalks, space and homes, and the office places with robots. but that is really far from the case um, most of the robots you find, for example, in homes or small entertainment robots, or household security robots. the robots that are used in elder care facilities and

assisted living homes, take the shape of robot bath tubs or robots wheelchairs, and also possibly the most practical robot, the robot commode. but you know, many people have the idea of the japanese are being serviced by human wide robots, which are not very practical at all. and i, i can't emphasize enough that humanoid robots are very expensive to build. there are quite fragile and they are not and products, rather they are platforms for the generation of other industries, increasingly surveillance. and i hate to say this, the weapons uh, economy plus, i mean, we know if you've ever been in a nursing home the people who work there they, they have some serious muscles. i mean, you're lifting people all the time. i mean, and we haven't seen robots doing that to successfully. why is japan pending and

types of robots instead of just simply opening its borders to immigration? like many countries in the west are doing as well. is, is in japan as always followed a practical solution to patently social problems and they pursue the course of uh, automation over replacement, integration after world war 2. however, the robot revolution have merged as imagine, back in the early years of this century. and so what's happening is that it's a lot easier to tweak a visa regulations, and these are criteria and to allow when more professional workers and also manual workers. now there is estimated in an estimated shortage of 60002270001 nurses in japan and uh, earlier in the century. nurses from the philippines and indonesia were recruited, but they have a pass, a really rigorous,

a language exam and many of them failed and got disappointed demoralized and ended up leaving. so what the government is doing now is working with chat gt to create a translation services so that more for nurses will be able to communicate more efficiently with a japanese doctors and nurses. and of course their patients that's, it's interesting, i know back in 2007, former prime minister of a invasion. japan is a fully roiba tai society by 2025. you know, that is next year is artificial intelligence isn't going to see the rise of the robots next year or year to yes, as well. it depends on what you mean by rise of the robots and we've been talking about surveillance and weapons. absolutely. those are the most lucrative industries and nobody's today in japan. but i, you know, obviously former prime minister in late time minister hobbies robot envision,

was pretty much straight, a science fiction and many job. and he said this is dated science fiction. you know, it's not feasible, it's not practical. but on the, the, you know, the, the sensors, whether they're touch or, or side of town that went in to those initial robot experiments were all spun off into the mysteries that are far more lucrative today, including, you know, so the time is cars, drones, the japanese are now getting into the fighter plane mark. yeah, that's right. i bought this surveillance on, you know, chat g p, p is, has been called a great plagiarism machine and it runs on data that is not to it, but it's also streaming data. so data today is capital and the, some of these companies that are creating robots that uh, provide translation services, for example, are also collecting that data and then something them to parties. but i mean it's, it's fascinating when you think about it and it makes you wonder to if we're going

to see the, the singularity event happened this decade of the next decade. and if, if so, will the merge of machine and man will that make a difference to me, these are huge questions. fascinating. so glad we got to talk with you jennifer roberts and please come back as i have a feeling go be lots to talk about in the future. thank you. thank you very much for inviting me. it was a pleasure and i hope to come back. thank you. it was a day you can see use online and remember what ever happens between now and then. tomorrow is another day. we'll see you then and the

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