back in the next generation of combat vehicles is a necessity rather than an unofficial to be able to move away from muscle field. one thing is clear, this is not the top military priority for the german, for despair or the us army. we take a critical look at the technology that could still make it work. the battle tanks are real gas guzzlers delivered to weighs more than 60 tons and consumes up to $530.00 leaders of diesel per 100 kilometers. the us abrams m one, a one tank runs on camera and consumers up to $700.00 leaders per 100 kilometers. the development times for military vehicles are very long delivered to took about 9 years. good successor is currently being developed as part of

a franco german project and will be in service by 2040 at the earliest the systems that will power european tanks in the 2nd half of this century are being decided today. but how can military vehicles be made? climate neutral? is going electric. the solution we are at the euro. satcher read 2024 in arms fair in powers purely electric powered vehicles are rarity. here . this is arduous arches as 4 wheel drive and can transport 200 kilograms of cargo through rough terrain. for example, ammunition or wounded soldiers, orders can be charged inductively and is fully charged again in one hour. the battery lasts for 4 hours at full throttle. the french arms company, our crews. he's also showing us similar prototype. the trailer can transport 700

kilograms of cargo, such as a canon. it travels without the driver as a robotic vehicle, according to the manufacturer, it take 6 hours to charge. however, the vehicle also has a combustion engine on board, which increases its range. manufacturers are skeptical about all electric vehicles . all electric is i'm think about for a similar reason. if you want the same range from a $25.00 ton vehicle using batteries and so you'd have to carry 15 tons of batteries. so you can imagine that the collected clicks home is adding another 15 tons to the vehicle to get the same range to it. so think about a minute, so there's just a couple. so the life is going to be delivered, right? just re a medium or, and heavy vehicles in the hyphen and the light duties of the sector funds electrification. i'm using a battery and use in principle, entirely conceivable. get forced out of cost and ping font conducts research into the energy supply of the german armed forces for the german ministry of defense

among others in the eyes to meet the and there's no when they come i go the hybridization of media vehicles or even heavy vehicles is i don't see any new technology on the horizon. he's know, lucas kind of has been the never the less the hybrid system is still being considered for heavy vehicles. general dynamics published images of a prototype with a hybrid engine in 2022. the abrams x, this tank from ryan metallic is the basis for developing contract with the u. s. army. together with partners the groups us subsidiaries is developing a potential successor to the bradley fighting vehicles. it is powered by this hybrid transmission, which is integrated with a $220.00 kilowatt electric motor, excess power from the combustion engine is converted into electricity and stored in a battery. there is no plant which towards the future tank via

a socket. the miles high blood capability, it gives us the beauty of wind. what we call talk, blending the blend and utilize both and mechanical transmission. at the same time, we're using the electric field information so you can reduce the amount of mechanical force required by already from the electric side. so you can reduce your fuel construction by, by winning volt electric motor capability with the mechanical transmission capability. and then to move the vehicle. no problem, we can reduce fuel consumption by up to 50 percent on certain the engine does that all the german company rank is presenting a new hybrid transmission concept with an integrated 300 kilowatt electric motor. the transmission is designed for vehicles waiting 50 to 70 tons. the d carbons nation. i think the next steps the armies will go now is hybrid. so that's the trend we're seeing the world wide among the major players. however,

combustion engines are still the main source of power even with the hybrid concept . so how can these engines run in a climate neutral way? this offer a vehicle at the euro. sacha rience fair is climate neutral? it's not the car that's new, but the fuel, the prototype runs on synthetic fuel a so called if you i, it's uh, i use this as an experienced driver. i was a bit biased, but in the end i realized that this engine burns, if you're more efficiently than normal diesel. one also is in other words, my vehicle and some of the most likely more responsive. but we're just the synthetic fuel come from. we are in frankfurt, i'm mike in the hooks industrial park. this is where the startup company in narrow tech is building a pilot planned for a fuse. the plant receives carbon dioxide from an onside bio gas plant by have

these pipes. the hydrogen also comes from on site. it's obtained is a byproduct of a process using electricity. if the electricity comes from renewable sources, then the hydrogen is also green. the synthetic fuel will soon be produced in these $320.00 foot containers. in the 1st step, carbon dioxide and hydrogen are fed into a reverse shift to reactor. they are synthesis, gas known as sing, gas, a mixture of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and water, is produced at high temperatures and under pressure. after the water has been separated, the synthesis gas is fed into official cope's reactor. the beer, the gas is react with catalyst, deformed liquid hydro gardens. this substance flows into

a cool container where water, gas, and other 100 carbons are separated. different hydrocarbons with different chain links are produced. the solid waxes and liquids royals. these hydrocarbons can be further processed chemically, inter paints and varnishes, pink centers, fuels, and solvents. in reality, the reverse shift, the reactor looks like this. hydrogen and carbon dioxide flow into the reactor on the left and the synthesis gas comes out on the right. so actually this is a heat exchanger and the chemical reactor altogether, very compact, very complex and a very unique technology. we have the fisher truck reactors are located on the other side of the container plant. the company is investing 30000000 euros in the

plant of which 8000000 euro is our subsidies. the production facility is expected to produce a maximum of $2500.00 tons of e fuels per year. according to the founder, the demand is there. we are currently actually investigating with the partner how the future applications of how you feel the synthesis plants could look like. and how old our technology could contribute to helping the defense sector also to achieving that climate goal in the future. back to the arms fair in powers, the german company. volume baton is exhibiting a container from its partner in narrow check. the container is part of a concept for a war ready fuel supply system. shane eviction head of brian montalvo hydrogen, develop the concept the military itself is to produce synthetic fuel,

decentralized and distributed across all european nato countries, from renewable energy, water, and carbon dioxide that they chose buying. that's too often all the market and is assuming that it's also in, in more time that supply will work and the supply chains with what we see this as a luxury and ukraine. the consequences has told us that this kind of luxury is critical of more times because relying on those supply chains is good to go. and hence, looking into technology that is available today that is ready to scale. this the other opportunities and no opening up to become wall ready for large scale design of the homeland defense of the homeland using some sceptics use kind of a child is now looking for a customer to order the prototype system and test it in the military environment.

the fuse could therefore be available in just a few years time in the more distant future, however, hydrogen could also be used to power military vehicles, truck manufacturers such as dime the trunk are currently testing these types of systems. they rely on fuel cells that produce electricity. the vehicle is powered by electric motors. here's how the fuel cell works. hydrogen is fed into one side of a cell divided by a membrane. oxygen is sped into the other side. the oxygen slips through the membrane and this process releases electrical energy. the molecules then combined to form water up kind of a big boat. there are no moving parties and there is no noise pollution but took off of acoustic. so i don't have any hours for them just because of fuel cell like this ones at low temperatures and by when at 18120 degrees depending on what kind

of system i have you have. and i only have one more thing on the back of the exhaust the hydro move out. and in the event of war, the vehicles would therefore be more difficult to locate. logistically, any change to the existing system is a challenge. it's about having the energy available where it's needed, and that is not easy with hydrogen. the energy density compared to hydrocarbons and the complexity in the tank and logistics systems so huge that from our perspective will never see this and broad scale implementation. because it just makes logistics come more complex, the insured the only way for military land vehicles to quickly become climate neutral history. you synthetic fuels. however, nato has not get agreed on the specifications for such a fuel. manufacturers therefore, do not yet know how they need to adapt their combustion engines. nevertheless,

the german military needs to be climate neutral by 2045 sponsors, mind you. every thing has to be converted like 2045. if the design hunts your new mind is a senior expert on climate policy at the foot tall institute, the commitment fee, there is no clear commitment on that whole. yes, we only buy and hold or vehicles that are capable of running on climate neutral fuel 100 by 2045. remember, otherwise that's money out the window. so it's just, the goal is christmas and the skin european defense companies must also be climate neutral by 2050 at the latest, under the u climate law. this explicitly includes the products they sell, the so called scope 3 emissions scope. so they, we will probably achieve towards the claim such

a 2050 them some industries because of the fact of having to trial and test and not compromise. a. deborah alan is chair of the time of the task force of the european space in defense industries association. i think recognizing the longevity of defense thoughtfulness that they're not the ration to 3040 as it's been parent change that anything that's being designed now is taking this into account. i'm planning for that see or transition the path to climate neutral military land vehicles is not yet 100 percent clear. if it's not possible to convert all vehicles in such a way that no greenhouse gases are released. the only way forward may be through compensation projects such as reforestation. what are your thoughts on this topic? the.