not responsible make up your own mind, dw, made for mines. the young women in japan, breathing new life into an old tradition. the any rock we looked at the impacts of climate change on health. the and we ask, why are we so hooked on lithium batteries? the, to understand why lithium make such

a good battery. we need to know how battery actually works. and if you hear a battery, this is probably what comes to mind. this one is rechargeable, and made of lift them. we can make a super simple circuit with a battery 2 wires and an l. e. d. you seem pretty terms. it but that e h, today's more controllable and or not. so julio cosmo is a professor and researcher who has spent the past 12 years focusing on lithium, do both and both of energy in a very small ways. you want to get out all this energy very fast and you're going to go away and not in an explosion. this works to the movement of electrons and ions. electrons are tiny, negatively charged particles that float around. adams. ions are items that have lost or gains an electron. this battery contains lithium graphite cobalt and the liquid. batteries have negatively and positively charged size. lithium ions and

electrons on one side of the battery when connected to a circuit electrons travel outside the battery along the circuit generating electricity. the electricity goes from negative to positive slang through the l. a . b in the middle. meanwhile, what's left in the battery is lithium ion. that's where the lithium ion battery gets its name. the ions travel inside the battery from the graphite to the co bulk . when it's recharging, they go in the other direction. but batteries basically destroy themselves in the process, either they lose their ability to create electricity or chemicals build up on the electrodes. as batteries age, the electrons travel less and less efficiently and the battery loses its capacity. the metals can also grow into spikes, which can short circuit the battery in the worst case of battery failure, big night and explode. so a good battery can store a lot of energy without exploding and doesn't quickly lose its capacity. one of the many reasons why left them makes a great battery, is that unlike lead or as it was only mildly talks and these new lithium batteries

can store more energy per gram than any other battery ever invented. what makes with themes so great weirdly, is that it's super reactive so i got my hands on some lithium which should be 99 percent pure. going to try and put it in some water and see what happens. but um, safety 1st. it's a really soft metal, so it, so it'd be completely breakable just with my fingers. wow, look at that. so that's the lithium inside. it's reacting with the oxygen in the air so fast that the metal is already darkening. we're going to try and put this little bit of lithium in some water and see what happens. okay, so i'm going to choose who do i understand why this happens? we need to look at electrons again, lithium loses electrons and creates ions really easily. that means that the ions

inside the battery move around really quickly and efficiently. that makes the battery is able to charge faster, have a longer life sagos, and above all store more energy. aside from its ability to store energy, lithium is also a winner when it comes to weight. all of these can be used in batteries, but they would make the batteries heavier. that's because the lithium is the least dense metal on the planet. the fact that it's so extremely light makes it the best option for electronics. one of the main reasons computers in this size inside of the massive machine they were in the eighty's, is the invention of the lithium ion battery. it's also by far the best option for electric cars, buses, and plains, because the light of the vehicle, the less energy it takes to move it around. and that's why our appetite for lithium is skyrocketing. according to the international energy agency, demand for lithium could increase between 13 and 51 times by 2040 australia is the

top producer of lithium, followed by chile. but other countries around the world are ramping up production to meet the mass of global demand. in 2022, global with and production was at a 130000 metric tons. that's quadrupled from 2010. when production was a little over $28000.00 metric tons, the good news is that we technically have enough of it in the ground, according to some estimates around $80000000.00 metric tons of around 10 kilos per person on the planet. but just because this white gold is abundant, doesn't mean it's easy to get, getting it out of the ground can be slow and costly. and the mining and refining processes are concentrated in a few countries. that means the demand for it is quickly pacing the current available supply. this bottleneck is also raising the price after 2020 prices of raw materials went up for a while. others came down with the and just continue to increase. and mining itself comes with its own host of problems extracting lithium from rock or requires

a lot of energy often powered by fossil fuels. what's better, it's extracting it from brian water that's mixed with minerals to big. the largest process is to put a beast, brian. well that in really shallow bones, which had extremely large, let's say the 1000 times a football stadium, brian mines used thousands of leaders of water for one ton of lithium into a lithium mining is already led to water shortages in the area and diverted water from local communities, the mines can also cause toilet degredation and disrupt local eco system. and then there's the whole problem of what happens to the batteries after we're done with them. although the lithium itself can be reused, lithium batteries, deteriorate, and most of them land in the trash. one obvious solution is to create infrastructure to recycle lithium batteries. that's what happened with lead batteries due to government regulation. 99 percent of lead batteries in the us are

recycled? recycling with families entirely new technology, but it's catching up. lithium ion battery recycling is expected to increase to $420.00 killer tons per year by 2030 up from the current 50 killer tons per year. better. lithium batteries are also on the wet cobalt which is mines in very problematic conditions, could be replaced with nickel, manganese or iron, or the graphite in the battery could be swapped for graphs. theme. it's made by taking a layer of graphite just like this, and making it progressively spinner and thinner until it turns into a single layer of carbon atoms. graphing is the strongest material ever discovered, and more conductive than graphite. you can also make the inside of the battery solid instead of liquid to make it less likely to explode. most of this is still in the lab, but these advances could make the battery safer, longer lasting, and store more energy, which could also make them more attractive for storing large amounts of renewable energy on

a grid scale. so it certainly doesn't look like our addiction to lithium is going away any time soon because lithium dominates the battery worlds. and for good reason, the, the ones that thailand is notice that the rock is one of the country's most affected by climate change worldwide. temperatures of either 50 degrees celsius are becoming more common, making people sick. ali who's saying is on his way to the local well, around him. signs of climate change are everywhere. okay. there's no water. the well is dry. he tells his son. so this used to be a rocks most fertile region, but the country has suffered a severe drought for years in a row of the 60 families in the village,

40 of left. ivy. hussein's family is one of the few still here at the bottom of just 4 years ago. we find the land here, but trout has turned our land into the desert. we have to give a title without farming, there was no income. his 5 children face an uncertain future. the ground water here is salty. iraq is less and less fresh water in the countryside and in this cities, climate change is to blame. as are the water policies of neighboring your ron and turkey. the 2 countries have built to numerous dams, leaving too little water for a rock down stream. because of the salty ground water, the children have source and open wounds on their skin. a 2000, no, on this, it's very painful. sometimes they're close to stick to the wings, which makes it even worse. so, rising temperatures are also contributing to the spread of disease,

like least when i assess transmitted by sam slot is tight. i thought i need something high and being 2nd to transmit to the infection, which causes fever. it's happened a lot here in the region. ali who's seen and his daughter is newer and solid rock hard. lucky be a rocky red crescent has come to their village, nor is hands are terribly h. e. sandra often finds it hard to walk because of the pain she has to do. she may not assessing an insidious disease. it affects the skin, liver, spleen, and bone marrow damage i ever see tested today was a high high dollar. how came up here on the laptop and this team are seeing more and more cases like this. they want to raise awareness. medical help is expensive and the newest hospital is 50 kilometers away. the rocky red crescent regularly travels across the country, visiting villages here in blue, blue i shed the people are a little better off. the village community has dug

a well. she needs what i can't to though the ground water contains too much salt. and so for a question that this facility has changed their lives, it supplies the village and neighboring villages with clean water. 2000 leaders per hour are the sale unaided and to meet fit to drink height or how to him and his team have distributed over 60 water tanks in the region of my help on the facility is a lifetime for people here to read. christian technical partners are working to build a series of facilities to alleviate the water shortage, which if often and what so every week they check the salt content every week. they have to change the filters. there's no alternative the village needs more than one facility like this. many surrounding village is separate from a lack of drinking water and water for dish washing and showering care on the oldest to him, i last saw living with climate change. awareness is important for children to,

to hide on how to him and his team talk about infectious diseases and show them how to wash their hands properly. that can save lives on it. well, so far they're open no debts, but we're seeing that the lack of drinking water, drought, and distorted if occasion are causing a rise and skin diseases and poisoning. you want it done with all i did them, some of the coding or how didn't know i'm about to deal to unlock the some of the, to just as an adult for them outside of head to show according to the un here. rock is the 5th most vulnerable country, the climate break down. it also has a rapidly growing population. in that case, upper for the sample that we need to reinforce our health systems to cope. we've been devastating consequences of climate change on our health. so then the show system settled with the over to well and not with the climate change. that would be totally co ops if we don't know to prefer then better. and if we don't send finance of resources,

ali who's saying would like to stay here with his family. but the conditions are getting increasingly difficult. 5 and my husband, these 2 of them are for how the water you can see here is brought to us by car 1000 leaders every week for us in our animals. that's not enough to mike ali. hussein's family could soon become climate refugees in their own country, like one and a half 1000000 people in iraq. the pollution resulting from burning oil gas and cold kills 5000000 people. yeah, that's more than a b city. malaria or alcohol binding fossil fuels produces toxic particles, tiny enough to enter the lungs. this particular message is among the main causes of

strokes, cancer and diabetes. it's time fiction for pedro amount to a rebate. daily activities like finding stairs pose a big challenge. i have a lung disease i'm suffering my struggle to breathe properly. to the 74 year old retiree is one of hundreds of thousands of people in lima suffering from respiratory diseases ranging from acute infections to long and heart complaints. city authorities say hundreds of people die every year as a result of respiratory disease. the peruvian capital has a big health problem. pedro met a rebate, has a weekly check up at a hospital,

the care and medication he receives here as an approved his quality of life. move in the very good. what are you doing? perfect by now please remove your mask. i think one more of them, we have many patients like pedro mazda and rebates, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which seal pd. and we have those here. you and other hospitals in lima. and then the castle is too. what's interesting is that many of them have never smoked. we'll see they're only very little. yes, i mean the disease is similar. does that sound in other countries among heavy smokers and bladder thing? well, because we believe it is linked to environmental pollution. so, so that conclusion borne out in many studies, i mean, let me think, i'm still just pulling up the fuel number here that lima, it has more than 10000000 residents. air pollution levels are high mainly from traffic in industry. the in

2022 lima record the 2nd highest levels of particulate matter pollution in latin america. after santiago did chilly, but experts say air quality measurements in lima are inadequate. now the situation is likely far worse than previously thoughts. peruvian company kyra is looking for solutions. it is developed low cost measuring devices and a digital tool aimed at making information on air pollution and lima accessible to all the success. i'm also wondering if we zoom in on lima. we look at the information that's publicly available in the surveillance network. the green is good, yellow montrose and orange and red badge of a whole lot. the most critical value is 2.5, which means particulate matter of 2.5 micro i'm. it says that there's any must be no, and those are the finest particles, the very small ones, the end to the rest spirits retracts and then penetrate the human body some into

the bloodstream on both of those, again, using this data. so the authorities have taken steps, reduce emissions, and heavily affected areas. some parts of the storage center are now close to vehicles but more needs to be done is this. environmental activists have spent years reinforcing the hills around lima, the pacific ocean on one side, and the mountains on the other, or the capitals only natural borders. vegetation here traps, dust particles and suspended matter, helping to improve air quality. they have also installed a network of fog catchers. these collect water from the regions dense winter fog. this is crystal clear water. yes, i was not a by more than we diverted into

a collection point like this one here. how long it even use it for drip irrigation lee, most green long has been subject to deforestation for more than 400 years. new settlements in industries continue to be constructed on the outskirts of the city. the long term systematic deforestation has had a negative impact on the cities health local reforestation work has held kirby rosen. but it's not enough for an experts. a far wider scale effort is required since they do need to prove produce is less than 0.08 percent of globalization skilled enough. and so if one day lima were to no longer met, many gas or pollutants plan would still be polluted. but we can see what the we alone know non stop pollution or climate change afford effect and we will be the ones who suffer. your kind of you much. i a bit of his homework and most of which

with his doctors help pedro mont rebate as managed to reduce them of his pain. the to now enjoy a short walk around his neighborhood and some independence. now more than ever, there was an urgent need to reduce emissions and improve air quality in lima. and across the world, the sting balance, positioning the arrow, and drawing the boat at full gallop, i suppose to relinquish his control to her horse. spade. she knows exactly what he's doing and that let's or concentrate on her stance and taking the

monsoons and i only take my hands off the horse. if i trust him completely. that's the most important thing. this trust has had time to evolve. how he 1st met spade when he was 2 and she was 7. since then the 2 have been inseparable. growing up in the countryside of northern japan and i am wearing prefecture to share a passion for you. i will send me japanese mounted archery centuries ago. yeah, booth and it was thought to be good practice for the battle field. but her gelding speed is far too peace loving for that one. okay, so you'd probably run away from the enemy picking the smith foot. archery is no longer an art of war. and the ritual and ceremonial aspects of your boost to me aren't taken all that seriously anymore either. was

a normal day. that's a really huge starts. you have. it's been ages since i've seen any that size of 50 percent. ok here in rude japan. it was to me is experiencing a revival as a leisure support. women like all you, if we stay in the early twenties are reinterpreting a centuries old tradition. the nation, not that high, high parts. we might look at me in this direction. so all that's right, just like that. so you have to stay flexible. when trainer are, you could come in more, a started out 15 years ago, mounted archery was still a male domain. on the saturday, i'm assuming that i had to put up with a lot back then they told the women had no business being here. and to see if i ask

you all this, i'm in the sort of the even said i don't want to even hear the word jefferson a coming out of your mouth. got you all the time. it difficult about just stuck with nice. you can, you, i to the mountain archery might have died out in japan if it weren't for these young women's, it's easy as japan has an aging dwindling population. young people are drawn to the cities, always lose his passion for your boots, and it is what keeps her in the countryside of the the sports, the other, some of those great that more people are becoming interested in. yep. losing it again, still more was he talking about them, but it seems like it has less appeal for boys when you've heard another party equal to the it will probably soon be an all female sport. uh that are the kinds of a lot of it's given. the family has always

supported her passion. she's been winning competitions since 10th grade. does her mother is selling the garment for her next event from chemo know fabric. i always to say wants to dazzle the tournament the which one do you want? one of the most guests coming. we'll give you a sunday. so then this one's for sunday, they're able to get used to the another seat on the main looks aren't my style. pink is out of the question. many, although of the night the small town of toyota has boldly proclaimed the tournament to be the world championship. somewhat wishful thinking on the part of the organizers gets from abroad, rarely make their way here. but for iris, who say such computations are crucial for the sports future. if you have wisdom is

to survive, it has to look good. so looking at the hicks and you could come up today, the archers used to pick themselves rag before they went into battle. the created and men with the next. why do the same now in this cause we have the, the competition is almost exclusively female. the rules requires 3 shots at full gallop to the archers, such as fractions of the 2nd, the aim, the shoot. that's exhausting. the move them,

it's not over for you yet. there's still another round. the funds or the one of the chimes of your boost to me is that it's a sport that's open to everyone to take on your medical women and men of all ages. you come on assuming they're brave enough to attend the wild rise and ready to compete against the very best the, the honor that once again goes to ice losing the would you like move insights and solutions from around the world? if you want to meet the people fight, takes climate change, visit us on facebook. if you want the story behind the headlines, follow us on instagram. and if you want green life text checkouts or take token

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industrial should be this for so even though it was the whole thing, give you an invoice for testing and assigning as a chef by just one in 2 days. so that's how many days. now, how long is this s o in n, c, c, a is deep gotten into bone. i can actually see that send this over to w as in 75 minutes on d, w, the

west page. i mean, i know i might just do it and i'm hosting dw new podcasts. thanks. trace amount, but there's no the file mail. so it has to be traveling around your i'm facing the history of every day of that and that's something right around the world. no need to talk to you back just to subscribe already. listen to podcast, and we'll take you along to the right. this the shadows of these pod costs and video shed light on the dog is devastating. colonial har is infected by germany across and he employed schools to post tactic farms and destroy lights. what is the legacy of this wide spread races, depression? today, the screen. we need to talk about here, the stories, shadows of german colonialism. welcome

to put tire time. those kinds of sofas, thanks to read. what do you get here? you can't get anywhere else in the world. in germany, if you go to a prostitute, we pay twice or $3.00 times as much and the other half the service. in 2023, a documentary uncovered corruption on child abuse. the youngest one, for example, let me show you this was now the film team investigates the, the was executive has changed the red light doc shadow, 6 tourism the

this is dw dues live and from berlin jubilation on the streets of the bangladesh and capital, the prime minister has resigned and fled the country on monday protest. her storm to shake has seen as official residents in dhaka as others vandalized the statute of her father. now, the head of the army is asking for calm as he in opposition. parties formed an interim government also coming up tonight. israel's fund for the man they believe, was behind the october 7th care attack. a mazda is garza chief young us in war is still on the run, but could, is real, be closing in on him. and the british framing.