its colonial victims of china, one of the whole driving, thanks so much i can provide the he's the head of a country that knows this has been notified by china for almost 75 years of which time to see for his country to best business. china, on september 27th on dw the between 19451954 friends waste

a merciless warm worth of 9000 kilometers from paris. this war was marked by bargaining and betrayal, idealism and disillusionment. it was a vassal for freedom and subjugation. full of hope in pain the this war dentist stick to the country, cost hundreds of thousands of human lives and initiated the collapse of the french colonial empire. it was a war with many facets, a colonial war, a war of independence and the cold war. a war of this beat homeless for gossen today the by the 19 thirty's friends re over

a huge colonial empire that extended over asia africa. america and was sienna. it was populated by more than $50000000.00 people on an area covering just under 11000000 square kilometers. fringe into china, consisting of laos, cambodia, and the 3 via the muse regions. tom, keen on them and coaching china, were seen as the crown jewels of this empire. 2 friends had ruled there for more than 70 years, the in the streets aside, gone, i know, and who ate the same scenes played out again and again the

most colon, this lay the keys life and the city where you repeat and living standards where the nor the the small business and then negotiated lucrative deals and cathy terraces. their wives lived in luxury in a sealed a higher level world. the for many french people into china was a model colony the

on the phone. most of the 36000 colon this thrived in the tropics. the life of the vast majority of the around 23000000 into chinese was much bleaker stocks, a nation reduced mortality rates. and the middle class benefited from the presence of the french. but many vietnamese had to work in mines. factories don't farms. the decades after the abolition of slavery result forms of exploitation still existed. the colonial rulers exploited the nation's natural resources or timber t rice and above all rubber trees, which yielded huge profits. the resources,

the crease of the wealth of major industrial groups is reveal highly missional. as a well known song, goose, the rubber leaf is unlike distant green. each tree is nourished by the corpses of the workers the any resistance to this gigantic colonial program of exploitation was harshly punished. but then something happened to change the situation. in 1940 the japanese army occupied large areas of the colony. the french administration formerly remained in office japan to control and plunder the country in a grand scale. a double blew for the indo chinese. and now there were being exploited by rulers both old and new. an intolerable situation for the vietnamese liberation

movement. fighting on the front line, inexperienced revolutionary, named when i talk born in 1890. he was initially a member of a freed assessor to the socialist party and later a finding member of the french communist party. he cut his teeth and paris must go in badging before becoming one of the 5 hundreds of defeat the means communist party 2 of those in power. the vote communist changed his name several times. eventually, in 1941, he chose a name he would use for the rest of his life or team in that same year, we find at the vietnam in the league, the independence of vietnam. the next 50 years old. he was looking for the right opportunity to attain independence for his nation and before long that opportunity presented itself.

in march 1945, it was clear that germany and japan would lose the war. the japanese that occupied into china for 5 years and wanted to drive the french out at asia. the a time, the called on this, the majority of french soldiers were turned in camps the to put an end differential. tokyo granted independence to the 3 into chinese nations in cambodia. the young king no, don't say i knew it, declared independence in laos, kings this event, bomb assume power and in vietnam and per about die, declared independence of all these rulers may have one there through the power still remained in the hands of the japanese,

the french into china ceased to exist, the, the in may 1945 after almost 6 years of bloodshed. the 3rd or i ship it truly to the war in europe was finally over the many countries celebrated the victory over nazi germany. within the pacific region, world war 2 continued the japanese pro pierce resistance to win. the americans needed intelligence on the japanese troops still occupying indo china . the for his part to achievement in turn to the americans for support due to their anti colonial stance. the police has few men at the disposal of agents of the west as

a 4 runner of the c i a, which was operating in the region they provided in valuable information on the occupying forces. in return the united states provided weapons training to some 200 the admin fighters. when the time was right, they would be able to rise up against the japanese invaders the major archimedes patty had up the o. s. s and into china confessed, well, the remarks as to the relay of these via many guerrillas was to fight the jobs. and that was the primary objective of applying the this unusual collaboration was captured on several photos. which human can be seen them on a group of american officers? the smiling man couldn't know that 20 years later, they would clash in the vietnam war

and a few months later, in august 1945, the atomic bombs dropped on hiroshima and nagasaki, field trip and surrender the whole team. and it was the perfect opportunity. japanese troops were leaving the country and the french had yet returned. the road was clear, which men called his supporters to occupy official buildings. incredible di was deposed and which he meant give a historical speech. the 2nd of september 1945 on the noise bought in square the throughout the last 80 years. the french imperialists, abusing the principles of freedom, equality and fraternity, have violated the integrity of our ancestral land and oppressed our countrymen. for

these reasons, we, the members of the provisional government of the democratic republic of vietnam solemnly declared to the world. vietnam has the right to be free and independent, and in fact has become free and independent. the one who human hoisted the flag of independence. he won the hearts of the vietnamese people called him uncle who, his popularity was immense. for the battle wasn't yet one on the country. it only just begun the schoolboy recalled. up to 60 use of carrying the dis on a being on the phone domination. we had our president and the declaration of independence, like every on the free country in the world, the young vietnamese mac root. in his diary, today we have free 3 to love, to sing,

to live independently. crying substance of the country of our father's friends viewed the independence declaration as a crude to force or shroud. the gall, then president of the provisional government paris didn't have to, by which the dictates of this rebel friends had to re establish its reputation with blood in steel with necessary, the restoring, the colonial empire was a top priority. the goal immediately dispatched a popular general world war 20 phillips. look that would clock into china. the nation had to be recaptured from the vietnam in looks. there's 45000 soldiers quickly launched the military operation. the goal didn't consider

a diplomatic solution. the guns would decide which human couldn't afford or use pragmatic negotiating with the french and allowing them to return their troops to vietnam. the laclare had conquered cupra, paris, and strauss book. now, he added sighed, going in no way to his victory list, the french calling this could breathe a sigh of relief. 3 months earlier, they being massacred by the japanese and feared for their future. now, the excitedly greeted their liberators. the for veterans with the 2nd time division must have felt like the liberation of power as all over again. the colonial order had been restored, but the re conquest didn't bring peace. to put an end to the fighting,

it cushions and friends were necessary the the whole team and was full of hope. upon arrival in a liberal shape. we did buy tears from a delegation of compact trips. he addressed his host in french for the frontier. nothing more would you, my french brother did agent know we french in vietnamese have the same ideal, leave it the liberty, the man fraternity group and we're pursuing the main goal. now democracy piece. that's why i'm sure that france in vietnam will be in a position to understand one another, new jersey and developing loyal and friendly collaboration. they've gotten the different and then the 2 weeks later, on the 6th of july 1946 negotiations began at fontainebleau. the new

prime minister george be do seeing here on the left. welcome to vietnamese liter. for things go talk to about start pushing man had barely left side gone. when the high commissioner in india, china to the dodge, under the proclaimed the creation on a ton of miss republic encroach in china vietnam's prosperous southern region, where most of the coldest under businesses were concentrated. darshawn you acted without consulting paris. the move constituted the trail, as coachman had lead claim to all the vietnam. it delta cbs blue to the talks. the conference ended in failure. the vietnamese negotiates are acknowledged. we agreed on just one thing. and that was the we agreed on nothing. the

human didn't return empty handed. the negotiations have given him international stature. you know, if we have to find, we'll fight, you'll kill 10 of us and we'll kill just one of you. and in the end, you will be the one who gets tired of it. the it wasn't long before the simmering conflict escalators. on the 23rd of november 1946, the french navy bombarded the port of hi phone. the trigger flashes between vietnamese police officers and french soldiers following the seizure of the mid cargo boat. young tom town, tom recalled. i was 14, high fun was known as the city of red places in may. the trees bloomed,

but it was november. the red color came not from the flowers, but from the fires, the more than 6000 feet in the meetings. most of them civilians were killed in the attack. the 14 men decided to hit back a month later on the 19th of december of 1946. he called on the vietnamese people to rise up. he who has a gun, let him use his gun. he who has a sword, let him use his sword. let everyone fight colonialism. i know he went up in flames. french nationals were killed. some buildings saluted.

a chain of escalating violence was set in motion. the french army failed noise. day and night. in february 1947 french troops were gain control of the new chinese capital, which he made in his man, have gone into hiding the impossible border region with china. but this was just the start of the indo china war. at the time, friends didn't have a stable government, just the goals resignation, 135 governments, and just 2 years occurring. domestic political crises, comfort, any sensible decision making, the general looks they are warned. you need 500000 men to win. otherwise, we might as well settled the mass and now ground independence and save ourselves

a war we caught the players wears were not heated. in 1947 pulled, her majesty's government decided on a strategy and the names will end the war. as soon as there is old security, it was a way of buying time as new government wanted to give up into china. it was too important for the colonial empire. the signs were all pointing to confrontation of the, at the times, the french far east expedition record and indo china numbers around a $100000.00 soldiers. volunteers who sold adventure, wanted to defend their country for earn a few stripes. the poochie min had only $60000.00 motivated,

but poorly equipped man. the consequently within less than a month, the french we gain control for large areas of the territory. a soldier wrote to his brother. well, fran, incredibly, the enemy has almost vanished into since it's a perfect military expedition. but who came in, like all the other viet men, leaders eluded the french. his fighters were finding their strategies they were led by a former history teacher general when you shot the brilliant military tactician harbor to per noticed hatreds of the colonizers with good reason. his 1st wife died and a french jail and his sister in law was executed for her communist activism. since

the battle of her, no, i just understood the his man had no chance of defeating the french army in regular confrontations. guerrilla warfare was their only chance, supported by their knowledge of the terrain. they would force their opponents in a war of attrition. which even compared his army to a tiger facing an elephant. and if the tiger doesn't move, the elephant will pierce it with its powerful tasks. but the tiger is always on the move, striking fast and hard before disappearing. from then on the beach, then we'd launch rapid surprise attacks and withdrawal into impenetrable areas. the vin were as good as invisible. the french army wasn't prepared for this kind of warfare. the

perfect military expedition became hell on earth. the an ambush could lurk along any path in any jungle or an any rice, patty. a corporal confided the seat in front of the piece of foot to become a westerfield every time it's a wound that gets infected, a blow to morale. and then 2 or 3 of us a call to come to transport. the injured past the, the war was always a battle field was unsettling. the officers, one captain confessed here with finding it hard to control this unpredictable opponent. it's not much like what we were told to assess here. as for all materials superior warranty, it doesn't help as much as to ring with tanks and lawrence get down

the, the already difficult situation was a very, to get even worse the arrest. isolated and surrounded by a population, they couldn't trust. french troops responded with violence and random acts of revenge. the sergeant john called missing a route to his feet on say, the 1st village we came across was sacked and we didn't want them to stop. so we bumped down the village. the men were taken prisoner and the women were given for the front codes. what address would counselled few is just the single anecdotes

from the war here. the on the 29th of november 1947. the french army entered the village of co who, inside of vietnam, 286 inhabitants were massacred. far from winning over the people, the expeditionary forcefully fueled their hatred even more the when comes one, a teenager at the time was hit by a french bullet. you described his experience. i don't know what i was thinking about except killing the french. i was obsessed with that, but everyone was thinking about that. that's what we do when we grew up killed the french, the, the acts of reprisals by the colonial army. and its brutal treatment of the

vietnamese population. drove thousands of recruits into the arms of 14 minutes. the air was atrocious, but it made a loss of people, rich sex workers, gun runners, merchants shopkeepers, the old treated illegally, not least with the admin. opium weapons, everything can be bought and sold. they bought into chinese pastors for 10 francs and then sold them in france of the official rate of 17 francs pocketing the difference or had its benefits, a frenchman and the import export business said how many mortgages do you think they'll be in india? china? let's start the war last the,

despite the number of attacks by the, the admin. the authorities were not concerned. in 1947, the national defense minister declared, i believe that there is no longer a military program in detroit. and the success of a weapons is a devastating miscalculation throughout the world. colonial empires were crumbling. britain had already given up in the salon and burma. the netherlands was in the process of lighting indonesia ago. the french leaders weren't blind. they realized that sooner or later, they would have to make concessions. but france clung to its empire. in 1947, it crushed a bloody revolt in madagascar. the african colonies were to be retained the,

the intended to delay the inevitable for as long as possible. investments by french companies access to rome, materials, and the countries reputation were at stake. apparently too much to abandon the crown jewel of the empire, the to present the loss of its territory and crush communism. paris device a political strategy in an attempt to deprive coaching men of popular support. the french relied on an individual noon to all the these follow died. the former emperor, supported by the japanese in 1945, the next on the number that

the improve on file jaya arrives at bay when he was officially released by you mean for the high commissioner of friendly and indo china? the talks are vital observers agree to these meetings that represent a turning point it into a chinese politic putting together the, the french trusted, the sophisticated, conservative fluid also being brought up in france. but the ex emperor preferred a life of leisure with the old buffalo hunt ross's and take on the role of head of state. his nickname was the night club, emperor paris, 1st him to lead a viet nam, that would appear independent from the outside. but that would in truth be completely dominated by france. but he hesitated. power as last precious time controlling the population had become a crucial issue. while the french were banking and bow tie,

14 men was binding on the masses. in 1948 the admin launch their 1st major petri allstate campaign, a well established propaganda tool in the communist world. one of their goals to strengthen their influence on the farming community. the party organized competition. villages that donated the most rice, losing or meet to the admin fighters, received a certificate of patriotism, the political commissars to the country, encouraging people to spread the few admin message to the admin soon boosted its ranks to 400000 fighters. membership was often the seen as an honor the young. it's on time route. this is one of the happiest days

of my life. i'm no longer alone and i belong to the 2000 strong eastern people. regiment is month to is. we are sitting about victory, the political opponents were illuminated in cold blood beneath his unassuming manner coaching min was a true landed us. nothing could divert him from his 2 objectives, independence, and the establishment of a communist regime. while the french were committing atrocities the communist conducted a brutal crackdown on rival nationalists. both sites use intimidation, torture and murder to achieve their respective goals. the influx of volunteers gave communist leaders the opportunity to switch from guerrilla warfare to more ambitious operations. on the 1st of march, 1948 fighters attacked a convoy escorted by a 150 french soldiers on the side on deluxe lou

for the french suiting 5. so it was a disaster with almost 100 soldiers dead, more than 200, taken hostage in friends, the war came under increasing criticism. the communist party was one of the country, strongest political forces at the time. it denies, but it called the dirty war, which it said serve the interest of finance and big business. it's slogan. not one man, not one penny for the vietnam war. this was during the cold war and most whose influence was widespread in the ports. doctors went on straight to prevent arms shipments into china the to stir up public opinion. communist activists secretly filled the things no one

wanted to see. the coffins of french soldiers being unloaded in their thousands every day and the greatest of secrecy. differential leadership became increasingly unsettled. public confidence had to be restored at all costs. the in late 1949, after 3 years of war, friends had failed to crush the vehemence, despite the security of his army. in the absence of a military solution rulers finally granted independence to vietnam, uninstalled former improved follow die as head of state the but this independence was entirely symbolic.

paris retain control of defense, currency, foreign policy and trade. the french authorities believe their gesture would come things dire minister of war. acosta flurry declared way. finally out of the tongue. but it was too late. the admin consolidated its hold on the country above all in the north. jump an whole team and expanded their armies. companies became battalions, battalions became regiments for the previous 3 years. france that's always been a step behind by refusing to give up. and the thing friends would end up losing effort thing. what's another event which further shit, the balance of power. the

on the 1st of october, 1949, the communist seized power in china. nazi don't for clean the people's republic from then on the mid could come from the help with their big red brother to win the war for who came in. this was an immense relief. communist china supplied weapons and experts. the details to offer generalship a century where he could train his troops are from french guns. the impact was huge . the world had entered the cold war era and the spread of communism in asia alarm . the united states in the week of the communist takeover in china is another region was visited by war. in june 1950 north korean troops attacked south korea. the for his 2nd

term in office us president harry truman set himself a goal to contain the expansion of soviet influence in the world. we are united into testing communist slavery. we know that the cost of freedom is high and we are determined to preserve our freedom. no matter of us to call like roosevelt beforehand. the us president had always opposed colonialism. but due to the involvement of communist china, he reconsidered his position. truman players has full support to france. the colonial war was re branded as a fight against communist aggression. the most victory came as a shock to the french, their strategist decided to abandon several fortified locations in northern indo.

china alone, the chinese border. these garrisons are to expose the enemy threats. i'm are proving too difficult to supply. the october 3rd 1950. just as the evacuation of the cal band hope posted, begun generalship, launched a full scale attack with more than 30000 man. the and the battle of food colonial for which lasted several days. french troops suffered devastating defeats. the survivors who were forced to leave their injured comrades behind in the jungle over traumatized soldier, remembered the shooting from above to the left and to the right. language dropping

like flies the i must have left dozens of wounded behind calling out for their mothers in every language the vehemence soldiers to thousands of prisoners, the friend leaders, doctor, to panic. military bases were abandoned. although they faced newest dress, a tall th funds of hardware were surrendered to the enemy without to fight the admin game control of the northern border. nothing could no stop the flow of chinese weapons and the equipment the in 15 days, the french army had lost almost 5000 men. the soldiers were disgusted. the

young soldier pin uh deluxe the testimony route to his father. without wanting or being able to criticize, i think we'd been posted around by the french news bulletins, continued to report that the situation was under control. the limousine after the columbine catastrophe, military measures continue nothing comment as offensive appears to have been halted . the main, however, to a new branch of government must redefine frances indo china policies. in this difficult situation, the,

the coal buying disaster drastically changed public opinion. 1950. the french finally understood that their soldiers were waging a war on the other side of the world. and dying by the thousands the french communist party stepped up to its demonstrations. the your comrades, go and tell your loved ones that the communist party of france will fulfill its duty to support your just demands for freedom and independence. democracy doctor straight, which began in november 1949. the soon spread to the railroads. the movements so as 1st marchers claim on the 20 role type. this was jailed for lying

in the past that the train carrying military equipment to the far east but it was 1st and foremost the case of all my time. the mobilized public opinion. a volunteer for the french navy was a communist activist, would witness the foaming at the port of high farm. in march 1950, he was arrested incentives to find of years in prison for distributing leaflets and use papers the 2 long harbor. 5 years for daring to protest, the communist party helped establish defense committees across france, the same on the, on an old remote time. both convicted became symbols of the struggle of the french people against the lucky war. in india, china from ronco to,

to joan posts of the political, intellectual and artistic world mobilized, was turned on lucy and public. a casso immortalized the young sailor the, the communist party brought the protest to the national assembly. in the autumn of 1950 deputy pm mendez fronts advocated negotiations. in an emotional moment to, you know, we simply don't have the means to implement the military victory. we've been hoping for so long have the courage to face the trends. have the courage to tell the country. just visionary speech caused a sensation. the one little support for the nape live on the 11th french prime

minister since the start of the war. the very idea of a compromise with the admin was unthinkable. negotiations would have meant a victory for communism. and the trail by friends of his palla is baffling, the communist in korea. the shock of cold dying should have opened the eyes of friends as leaders, but the cold war blinded them. they decided to continue fighting to restore the reputation of military leadership and the troops moreau paris urgently needed some new inspiration. the

once we started going, they've left plenty just because they have grown at them, says vegetables instead of rice, children in india are trying alternative basics. because rice harvest you are following a consequence of climate change. mean eating habits are extremely important, especially for young people growing up eco, india. in 30 minutes on the w, the

get ready for an exciting. i've been trying to look surprised. hi, irish. and i'm ready to dive into the hands of human to do you have you have a one to delete it from port, click on it, please go to the spot and unexpected side to side. this thing independent arise to our society is full of contrasts. and any quantity is a big challenge. many problems can only be solved by working together. yes, i think of each other's misleading. what is home? how do we tackle the major issues about time? because there is a significant risk of human extinction from advancing our systems. and changes the new frontier. so from our series continued

on d, w, the speed up the news and these are the top stories at least 17 people have died following the floods for good best on both of us in central and eastern europe to venture rates with high winds, have battled westfield checked republic hungry, poland, romania, i'm still walk you. it's the worst flooding. some regions i've seen in decades. the situation in many parts remains critical. that's what the levels continue to grow and the man suspected of trying to assassinate donald trump has been charged with federal gun crimes. go documents reveals the suspect kept outside from the gulf coast with food and a rifle.