serves us, there's a beautiful phrase by russian writer, victor gloves, and the russians are swarming the memorial church like flies around, defend the lawyer, noise, the seasonal go. if you have a loss in common russians and germans, they understand those here. ready in high school, someone would say to me who ski whiskey, i never understood why they would say that to me is that the best for me today, berlin is considered the capital of the russian diaspora. numerous pretend critics live here in political exile, including many cultural figures. a new chapter in the long history of german russian migration, including the story of the russian germans. these german migrants once moved to the volga region of the invitation of catherine the great but we begin our search for traces of the exchange between the east and the west in berlin,

in the 1920s plus retail point the course. and it was about said to be the biggest russian city outside of russia on, on the street here, russian is spoken everywhere. all things, boston um, but not for the police to call the city buses. russian swings that got thrown wouldn't, patients were sometimes a nice and russian. i'm a big one thing. and of course there were kind of list bars and restaurants frequented by russian. yes, irving, russian food then yes. border line where there's so many russians leaving the homeland seeking this action in the lane. in 1917, russia was brought by political turbulence. dissolve was disclosed, bringing in to 300 years of romano through any type of revolution communist bolsheviks led by lynn and storm. the winter palace demanding a dictatorship of the proletariat. it was the beginning of the strong goals for

a new social order. who's got, i'm a relatives on good looks solid, was a relatively long civil war leading up to the finding of the soviet union. and the political opponents of the emerging system fled either supporters of the sar, but not only was there were also intellectuals who come politic homeless that definitely taking this law. com plan and didn't want to any decision think is challenging. his dream of the socialist side of your union. in 1922, he expelled the intellectual elite from the country, and more than 200 leading rises, doctors and philosophers were forced to leave the homeland and exodus of an entire generation of intellectuals on the so called philosophers ships among them. when nichol, i put you, i have sent me on frank. and so gabriel gall costs, if they were to return, they will go and when they left, they would be shot. now a 100 years later,

russia is suffering assume the brain drain model gilman was a celebration gallery on a museum director in moscow until you filled out of state that was to, to and he has since been labels of foreign agents by russian authorities and like hundreds of his colleagues now works in the east move with whom you need to increase if you take a broader look, not only visual arts, but also literature and music, nearly all of the most important names of the left, russia, seal, your professions restrictive brain. shame leads no room for criticism. the laces waves of fling officers came when russia began its will on ukraine. the rifle, let's go out driven into exile at the age of old list h e. v. as a director carrillo said he really calls an outspoken critic of the regime now faces prisons in russia. and marina defeat of one of the most import voices in

russian visa now declared unwelcome after calling for an end to the more the billing gallery gilman on the count has become a sent us to international artist trying a new approaches with digital art. in a cities it's still open to experimentation, a good name when you look up a swab early and has a reputation as a city that may not have a market where everything is cheated. ocean where artists are welcome category and where they have many opportunities to create something that had the subordinate come they know, give us more of the deal. co chaired social stability or lane, but it's like an open stage that welcomes new artifacts. them a couple that had the custom no show a that rings is true today as it did 100 years ago. and you evaluate some of the step one. you could see that berlin was something like a 1st step for the refugees on there were said to be around $300000.00 russians

here i did on on the cost. berlin is relatively close to russia, decided by turning home was at least on see a radical possibility of moving kinds or to gain entering the country was um, complicated, and inflation made life easier for the new arrivals. but even by mr. pearlin was a cheap city for russians because the mark was so we can buy installation what that means that's own. and they was safe to voice the political views. yeah. because usually take those brands that runs in. yeah. but not a lot of money. it was some said the berlin was a kind of a mini russia with land. yeah, it was a broad range of elliptical movements here and, and story morgan, $400.00 russian rushes and thinkers who was silenced a time, found the freedom and the cheap paper. they needed to continue their debates.

almost a 150 russian newspapers were printed in the city. kind of of 50 russian publishing houses brought out books by exiled garages, such as andre, billy borders, poster knock, alexi raymond, solve marine. it's the time, the whole story, and of course, my, a single piece of veritable who's who of russian literature of the times the day i've, i've tried the probably the best known russian here the time was. why them here now? because of who actually lasted 15 years and berlin, although he had a kind of a love, hate relationship with the city and didn't write very kindly about it afterwards. but he received of the russian, berlin of the 1920s was a single furnace room rented out by a corse and smelly german. the nasty sweat of this mister, because some people is unforgettable. by that pull kids time here was productive artist and racers have access to some rooms in the upper floors of this building

and they are so we give it to a trailer, we think isn't good for them. he made a bit of money from that device, but probably most of his earnings came from working as a n. his teacher. yeah. and i taught tenants to wealthy young ladies and tenants. michael bought it was the roaring, twenties and awesome culture was flourishing. germany was reinventing itself in 1919 of the germany's grueling defeats in world war one, the mona key was ousted in the notes and the revolution. the kaiser advocated the socialist colleagues connect and the social democrats. philip signed them and proclaimed the republic. as the weimar republic was a new system of democratic government for the 1st time, women were allowed to vote. there was freedom of expression and freedom to the ops that he's got nothing in the 1st world war berlin was

a city where there was no more censorship. it was a playground for the new in literature film and painting model. the gym and capital became as vibrant customer policy and metropolis gallery. oh no, it's not valid. and was a committed communist and admirer of russian artists. he helped raise the profile with his magazine additional. the building on world was increased by these ideas, emerging from eastern europe. in 1922, the 1st russian art exhibition took place in building arch was serving as a vehicle of rough bush month between the young soviet union and the 5 mile republic. it was a rezoning success. the german od was deeply impressed. level everywhere in europe, the 1st world war, monks, and break. but in russia, the revolution had led to a real up swing, which no one was already aware of in the west. between 19141922, the simply wasn't much contact on the spot. the whole thoughts of creativity had

a much the people when he got to see the exhibition in 1922. the people who were amazed by how much had been going on, while people here just being scraping by. you might have recently me bob fight. i get the exhibition featured completely new autistic currents, such as supremacy ism and constructivism. revolutionary wild abstract, the futuristic experiments of office, letting me a tubman from fuck he challenged the very concept of space in moscow. the silly tendency pioneer the abstract games make sensory impressions visible with lines and circles perceptions rather than realities. in keys, passing me amount of age made one of the most radical statements about the rejection of the representational, which is iconic, black square in its purest form. and l is its key from fortunate and to do away completely with 2 dimensionality. a generation of artists from the

flushing soviet union searching for a new understanding of hot that would revolutionize the whole world they were referred to as russian. although many of them were you probably need the one god, you have to remember that the ever god always sold themselves as international business, nationality. it wasn't important because they was driving for a movement that spanned the globe. the mix was important. reset the, the genetic or jobs all there was the russian cover. me that blah with full gold and also frequented by lots of german writers and intellectuals and then the venue hosted lively evenings with option incense, power, deeds of every day in life. in germany. interwoven with russian sandstone. ponds

that is enough is alaska. she said that this is the most glorious thing you can experience in the world. even the critics raised about it. the blower fogel is a dream that you want to sink into again and again, forget the ugly, agree on exhilarating paralyzing the silver presence. i have to open my years a news to see what they are doing. no, we can't do that. i have to pack up and go home without ending them. all in germany, most categories were very political, and this was more so to speak, russian folks, so it was exhausting. it was how people imagined rush it to be. and the way russians presented themselves in germany was key, as with german expectations of them must be, all of them destroyed, some poor people in swan, but fun pieces. yeah. by 40 inches, love this artistic melancholy. you have money. you added a certain exoticism to durham and cold generation. quick to him as i'm looking at 6

will definitely touch the game. but eventually the russian exiles left and went elsewhere to paris the us and some back to the soviet union. by the time the nazis came to power in 1933, this free spirit is out to split community had scarcity, rosky burned in, was just a brief chapter in history, a 100 years ago. the material. so that if we looked at these 2 periods and compare them chess, 100 years ago, and then today with in february, it was a time when you're upset stage for something you to develop a little scared even that 2nd di using would find the russian revolution by then, and war in ukraine today was forced thousands of artists to start a cultural revolution. to revise, the

numerous german settlers made a new home in russia in the 18th century. the start of the turbulent and painful history of the russian germans. russian, a russian german grandmother tells her granddaughter of her life between 2 cultures and mamma really came to the purpose when the other children saw that their fathers had come home. they tell everyone at school my dad has come mommy's when i went home. i said to my mother, how is mom and dad hasn't come home. he's got a phone call and then my mother said, yes, my child, i wish you would come to them, but your father won't be coming home. so that is coming in a special number of devices. i remember when i was at high school, i was 10 or 11 years old, said someone would say to me, my time rosky rosky. and obviously, if i never understood, why would they say that to me on that, russian?

i never speak russian, not even at home. where did they get that idea? my name is wagner, the i couldn't be more german also has a lack now or both. i give, i is gone his way to think we're really only now starting to deal with the history whites of the story is only now being revisited. if you don't present, we're faced with the challenge of giving people with the russian german background, their own history to their own story. you know, you can increase that. you're in the story. that's what keep this one that i sent mama. the fog now was born in 1938 in russ solved a russian german settlement. and the soviet union today, context on the left hand corner of moran festers, were german to emigrated from has in the 19th century a okay. satisfied with the when the wagner was 3 years old, nazi germany attacked the ussr to russian. germans were all tarred with the same brush viewed as sympathizers of hitler's germany and declared enemies of the soviet

union. busy ready ready starting in august 1941, some, 1000000 in russian germans were forcibly deported. around a 3rd were sent to labor camps, where most of them died, including olga wagner as father. in the amount of time to conduct me, the children were dying like flies. they did me and there was an epidemic of my niece and i can remember how my mother was supposed to go to work. and so, but she resisted me in it. i'm not going to work. my child is dying. she said, have to cut off at the end. she carried my brother. he was 3 years old. i can remember him gasping for, and i thought he had scarlet fever at the end of savannah. so she did, then he died. she didn't get in. i couldn't go to the funeral because i had nothing

to wear. the other nissan teeth that he died in january. i never moved. there were 5 children and one grave. 5 little coffins. body of it was that cut off up this very, very bad as a coma. she has some few settings and she did a lot of income. so i swear solutions on the us are almost up on in the sixties and seventies says, olga wagner, the situation improved. she found work as a dairy hand married and had 4 children. and then in the early 19 ninety's, the soviet union collapsed. another new beginning, she decided to return to her ancestors homeland, back to her roots. in 1993, she came to germany with her entire family, as well as the no, no. my mom the my husband didn't want. she was on the use when we were coming over . he kept saying, it was my fault for this, but i was so happy to come here, come from me. it felt like coming home. now,

how is the cold migration, forestry settlement repression and odyssey many generations of russian germans have faced their fates almost forgotten, our re told and exam and tear in debt mode of germany and the museum of russian german cultural history. it all began in the 18th century with one woman, catherine, the great good, and then any call. so you know, you have a blanket of predecessors, peter the 1st and i have in the terrible castle in the great was pursuing the policy of expansion. that's was a centrally what all the empires were doing at the time and get my concrete territories at the expense of their neighbors or other empires. even though it will let them to be the catherine the 2nd needed, loyal citizens and highly conquered area in the auto to couldn't be assumed that the indigenous populations of those territories,

and predominantly nomadic peoples living in the south, would be loyal to the czar his tongue government to the day or the teeth of off if you'll find homes as such, they afforded similar colonialists special privileges as it could be and invited them to populate these new areas to russia's south, even the whole sense. so today those make up the southern russian regions around the vulgar river on the north congress's north, coll, collin, and also southern ukraine, because she will train in $1763.00 catherine the great signed a decree, the documents known to history as the invitation manifesto, the new settlers were granted generous tax concessions, couldn't be conscripted into a military service and were for read to practice their religion. the people of the central german regions had long been used to war and poverty. some 100000. the germans accepted. catherine's offer and migrated to the russian empire

the, the new arrivals were afford it a great deal about tommy establishing their own schools, universities, and administrations around the mid 19th century. however, policies towards the german minority changed. i mean, that's what they stick a yard. i'm good in the 1869, sorry, alexander sent to signals and fee to deutsch all votes of which, from different perspectives, got the germans interest and attention. because he was exerting influence on the level of the language of this block able to russian was introduced into german schools. good. that was challenged enough for some people who gets it seem to be sent. became a question of belonging by them, of allegiance with hudson and from and this was the more serious decree. he introduced military service for german. it's like that many germans had to join the russian army in google search. i mean, russian nationalism intensified after the 1856 defeat and the crime even more

rivalry between the german and russian empire as was on the rise to it was highly tempting to make the settlers into escape goats for the country's unresolved problems. slowly, russian germans privileges where a wrote it for money. it was cause enough to leave the country. by the end of the 19th century, the 1st russian germans were emigrating mainly to south and north america. the. the 2nd major wave of migration followed in the wake of the 1st world war in which the russian empire and germany were enemies. russian germans were designated the enemy within. it was the start of a painful story, plague by distrust, deportation and repression. in the communist soviet union, under stollins dictatorship by the 1930s at the latest, little was left of the multi ethnic state with its sweeping rights and autonomy for

minorities. with the german van mox invasion of the soviet union, russian germans were viewed as a threat. they were no longer allowed to practice their traditions or religion. german schools were closed property confiscated with us for to them. let's just find the source tons that's meant in either form for that ultimately led to a lack of histories and identity in a way income when talk comments on pets. if it's too much even, and there were massive waves of execution. he doesn't of societies of storytellers and proof of pastors professor as the teachers, the vaughn boy. they were often the victim of the 19 thirty's executions in the store and the size of it, which meant an end to the story telling dated with indecent ty, chrome. it was during that period by whom not with around 200000 people killed or dying as a result of violence or starvation, leaving the block without a collective trauma until cold squadrons. and please provide on vehicle quit at

each from virtua inducing type home that faced sick trauma of those year, which would ultimately freeze something in place. one cushion depot yada via let's this. and that was a state of self eraser history and get this or didn't source done that such as night. it wasn't until 1991 that measures taken by the communist regime against minorities or officially declared illegal. the russian germans received recognition as an official minority but warrant granted the rights and autonomy they have been promised or any kind of reparations. the soviet union collapsed at the end of 1991 and borders opened up by the early 2, thousands, some 3000000 russian germans from the former soviet states migrated to germany. they received german citizenship and were supported in the integration process. it was at this time that the wagner and her family moved to germany. yeah,

their journey took them to freshen in west germany, where they lived to this day. the oldest grand daughter remembers of alice fed. all of this was just a village, positive so and there were the fire department fences or i've had us on, we're 6 containers. that's a 6 contain on a v, as in zine, it was shared accommodation for russian german sinai level. but i think they were a few people from slovenia to, although my memories are quite confused by now. my name and homes and gums gum. i'd say i would love iowa about as i can. is my home and a high month as far as i see it. i'm german. i have ancestors and was born and because of done, but i do feel german as it should be shown as i speak german i dream in german, i think in germans is think of dodge. i would also say i have the values, the virtues that i learned from my grandmother was that's how we were brought up home, punctuality, order,

reliability usage. those are my virtues to on the problem in the swedish me, i'll try but not all russian germans feel completely at home. here. it is easy to feel cold, truly isolated, especially when there is so little understanding of their history in winder society . this has led to a sort of alienation, many loan for recognition, for a sense of belonging to new york. i don't want to go anywhere. i'm german. i want to stay here. it's my home. tonight, i'm up by now. many russian germans have successfully integrated and become part of germany's diverse history of migration and these are cetera. it's about collective memory. so these, this team of the history of the russian germans should be included in school textbooks to be out. and so that it's introduced into our social historical

narrative because i'm sure it would be valuable for everyone on the inside for people without a russian german background, it would foster understanding as one percent for people with a russian german background, which means that their story can finally, be told type and then they connect with each other for spanning some 260 years. the history of the russian germans is complex, but it is well worth remembering the that's all for this edition. thanks for watching. see you next time the the

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no just can have this page just to make the right decision to dw you can remove, follow. does it board? are you that a good with would land a job like this? and another would struggle to barely afford read. some people have access to all of the luxuries well on this. these parts are working very hard, can barely money to rent that if any quality and also young african how does it affect you? and how can you bring about change to address systemic and equality across the continent? this is exactly what we'll be discussing today on the subbing 7 potential. i am your host michael t.