sizing the award winning offer is available worldwide. every language level. reading gentleman has been sent to me to go the the concerns that there's a beautiful phrase by russian writer, victor gloves. ski the russians are swarming the memorial church like flies around a chandelier noise, the seasonal go. if you have a loss in common russians in germans, they understand those here in high school, someone would say to me, risky, risky. i never understood why they would say that to me, is that the best for me?

today? berlin is considered the capital of the russian diaspora. numerous pretend critics live here in political exile, including many cultural figures. a new chapter in the long history of german russian migration, including the story of the russian germans. these german migrants once moved to the vogue region at the invitation of catherine the great but we begin our search for traces of the exchange between the east and the west in berlin, in the 1920s plus retail from the course. and it was about said to be the biggest russian city outside of russia on, on the street here, russian, spoken everywhere, all things boss and a lot for the police, a call the city buses, russian swings as well. but he's got thrown, wouldn't, patients were sometimes a nice and russian. i'm a big one thing. and of course there were kind of this bars and restaurants for granted by russian. yeah. serving russian food, then you have to go to the line where there's so many rush was leaving the homeland

and seeking the statute. in the lane. in 1917, russia was brought by political turbulence. dissolve, was disclosed, bringing in to 300 years of romano through and the type of revolution communist bolsheviks led by lynn and storm. the winter palace demanding a dictatorship of the proletariat. it was the beginning of the struggle for a new social order. the scott, i'm relatives on good luck followed was a relatively long civil war leading up to the finding of the soviet union and the political opponents of the emerging system fled i the supporters of the sar, but not one like this was there were also intellectuals who become politic homeless that definitely taking these law. com lynn, and didn't want to any decision think is challenging his dream of the socialist side of your union. in 1922, he expelled the intellectual elite from the country,

and more than 200 leading roches, doctors and philosophers were forced to leave the homeland and exodus of an entire generation of intellectuals on the so called philosophers ships among them. when nichol, i put you, i have sent me on frank. and so gabriel gall costs. if they were to return, they will go and when they left, they would be shot. now, a 100 years later, russia is suffering. assume the brain drain. might have gilman was a celebration gallery or not, and museum director in moscow until you filled out a site that was tutoring. he has since been labeled for an agent by russian authorities and like hundreds of his colleagues now works in berlin, used to move with whom you to increase if you take a broader look, not only visual arts, but also literature and music, nearly all of the most important names of left russia, c o u. provisions restricted brain shame leaves no room for criticism. the laces

waves of fling officers came when russia began its will on ukraine. the rifle miller audit sky out driven into exile at the age of old list fee. as a director, carrillo said he runny calls, an outspoken critic of the regime, now faces prisons in russia and marina defeat of one of the most important voices in russian visa. now declared unwelcome after cooling for an end to the war. the billing gallery gilman on on the count has become a sent us to international to trying a new approaches with digital art. in a cities it's still open to experimentation. i mean, when you look up the slavic erlene has a reputation as a city that may not have a market where everything is cheated. ocean where artists are welcome category and where they have many opportunities to create something that had the subordinate

come they know, give us more than that. there was some deal to chat, it's a stability or lane, but it's like an open stage that welcomes new artifacts. then i couple that had the custom one know show you that brings is true today as it did 100 years ago. and you evaluate some of the stuff 01. you could see that berlin was something like a 1st stop for the refugees on never said to me, you're right in the 300000 russians here i did on on the cost. berlin is relatively close to russia, decided by turning home was at least to see a radical possibility of moving kinds or to gain entering the country was um, complicated, and inflation made life easier for the new arrivals. the stopper lynn was a cheap city for russians because the mark was so we can buy installation what that means that's own and they were safe to voice the political views the

quote 0, the express their opinion, but not model mind. it was some said, the berlin was a kind of a mini russia worked on me. i was a broad range of elliptical movements here and, and the story morgan, sl hunt, russian. russia's instinct is who was silenced a time, found the freedom and the cheap. hypo, they needed to continue the debates. almost a 150 russian newspapers were printed in the city. kind of of 50 russian publishing houses brought out books by excel garages, such as andre, billy borders post and that alexi re me solve marina spent time, the whole story. and of course, maxim goalkeeper, a veritable who's who of russian literature of the times. the day i find the probably the best known russian here the time was why them here now because of who actually lasted 15 years and very little,

although we had a kind of a love, hate relationship with the city and didn't write very kindly about it afterwards. but he received the russian, berlin of the 1920s was a single furnace room, rented out by a course of smelly german. the nasty sweat of this misbegotten people is unforgettable by their portal kids time here was productive artist and racers have access to some rooms and the upper floors of this building and they actually would give you your trade. really interesting. good for them. he made a bit of money from that device, but probably most of his earnings came from working as a n s. teacher. yeah. and i taught tennis to wealthy young ladies in tennis, mike about it was the roaring, twenties, and awesome culture were flourishing. germany was reinventing itself in 1919 of the germany's grueling defeats in world war one. the mona key was ousted in the notes and the revolution. the kaiser advocated. the socialist colleague connects and the social democratic flip side of and proclaimed the republic

as the weimar republic was a new system of democratic government for the 1st time, women were allowed to vote. it was freedom of expression and freedom to the ops that he's got nothing to add to the 1st world war. berlin was a city where there was no more censorship. it was a playground for the new and literature film and painting model. the gym and capital became a vibrant, cosmopolitan metropolis gallery. oh, no has not valid in was a committed communist and admirer of russian artists. he helped raise the profile with his magazine additional. the building out world was increased by these ideas, emerging from eastern europe. in 1922, the 1st russian art exhibition took place in berlin. arch was serving as a vehicle of rough bush month between the young soviet union and the fine mount

republic. it was a rezoning success, the german otwell. it is deeply impressed. level everywhere in europe, the fast will will monks and break. but in russia, the revolution had led to a real upswing, which no one was already aware of in the west. between 19141922, the simply wasn't much contact. this was the whole phillips of creativity had a much the people only go to see the exhibition in 1922 people who were amazed by how much had been going on. well, people here had just been scraping by everybody recently move outside that the exhibition featured completely new autistic currents such as supremacy ism and constructivism. revolutionary wild abstract, the futuristic experiments of office, letting me a tubman from fuck he challenged the very concept of space in moscow. the silly

tendency pioneer the abstract games make sensory impressions visible with lines and circles perceptions rather than realities in keys, cussing me amount of which made one of the most radical statements about the rejection of the representational with his eye clinic, black square in its purest form, and l is its key from fortunate aim to do away completely with 2 dimensionality. a generation of artists from the flushing soviet union searching for a new understanding of hot that would revolutionize the whole world. they were referred to as russian. although many of them were you probably need the one, god bless. you have to remember that the ever god always sold themselves as international business. nationality wasn't important because they was driving for a movement that spanned the globe. the mix was important because we set

the, the genetic or jobs all there was the russian cover me that they'll allow us to go that also frequented by lots of german writers and intellectual designs in the venue hosted lively evenings with option incense powered ease of everyday life in germany into wife and with the russian sandstone, pointing to is enough, is alaska. she said that this is the most glorious thing you can experience in the world. even the critics raised about it's terrible, our sole goal is a dream that you want to sink into again and again, forget the ugly green on exhibit reading, paralyzing the sober presence. the i have to open my years a news to see what they are doing. no, we can't do that. i have to pack up and go home without attend the demo in germany, most cabarets were very political and this was more so to speak. russian folks,

so it was exhausting. it was how people imagined rush it to be. and the way russians presented themselves in germany was key, as with german expectations of them must be, all of them destroyed, some poor people in swan, but fontes is yeah, by 40 inches, loved this artistic melancholy. when you add in a certain exoticism to german cold declaration, quit to an amazon and look at it for 6. we'll definitely even touch the game. but eventually the russian exiles left and went elsewhere to paris the us in some back to the soviet union. but the time the nazis came to power in 1933, this free spirit is out to stick community had sketched it. rosky, burning was just a brief chapter in history. a 100 years ago. the material set up a new word with if we looked at these 2 periods and compare them chest 100 years ago. and then today was in february, it was

a time when you're upset stage for something you to develop a little scared, even fit 2nd di, easy would find the russian revolution back then. and warren, you created today was forced thousands of artists to start a cultural revolution. to revise, the numerous german settlers made a new home in russia in the 18th century. the start of the turbulent and painful history of the russian germans. russian, a russian german grandmother tells her grand daughter of her life between 2 cultures. this one mama really came to the purpose when the other children saw that their fathers had come home. they tell everyone at school when my dad has come and mommy's. when i went home i said to my mother,

how is mom and dad hasn't come home. he's got nicole and then my mother said, yes, my child, i wish you would come too. but your father won't be coming home so that is commentary . no slashing of off stuff. i thought i remember when i was at high school, i was 10 or 11 years old, said someone would say to me, my time rosky liskey. and obviously if i never understood, why would they say that to me? i'm not rushing. i never speak russian not even at home face anymore. where did they get that idea? my name is wagner. the i couldn't be more german also and i to walk now or both. i guess i is gone his way to think we're really only now starting to deal with the history whites of the story is only now being revisited. if you don't present, we're faced with the challenge of giving people with the russian german background, their own history to their own story. you know, you can increase that. you're in the story. that's what keep this one that i sent mama. the fog now was born in 1938, and russ solved a russian german settlement and the soviet union. today,

conflicts down on the left hand corner of our ancestors were germans who emigrated from has in the 19th century a. okay, the other side on what the, when all the wagner was 3 years old, nazi germany attacked the ussr. russian germans were all tarred with the same brush viewed as sympathizers of hitler's germany and declared enemies of the soviet union. ready ready starting in august 1941, some, 1000000 russian germans were forcibly deported. around a 3rd were sent to labor camps, where most of them died, including olga wagner as father. in the amount of time to conduct me, the children were dying like flies. they didn't live, there was an epidemic. my niece and i can remember how my mother was supposed to go

to work with, but she resisted me. scan it. i'm not going to work. my child is dying. she said, have to grab at the end. she carried my brother, he was 3 years old. i can remember him gasping for, and i thought he had scarlet fever the extent of savannah. so she did, then he died. she didn't get in. i couldn't go to the funeral because i had nothing to wear. the other nissan teeth that he died in january. i know i moved, there were 5 children and one grave, 5 little coffins. body of it was that cut off up is very, very bad as a coma. she has some few settings and she did a lot of income, a saudi slash sling slaves. and thus they almost stop on in the sixties and seventies says, olga wagner, the situation improved. she found work as a dairy hand married and had 4 children. and then in the early 19 ninety's, the soviet union collapsed,

another new beginning. she decided to return to her ancestors homeland, back to her roots. in 1993, she came to germany with her entire family. all the no, no. my mom, the my husband didn't want, she was under the review when we were coming over. he kept saying, it was my fault for this, but i was so happy to come here. come from me. it felt like coming home. now, how is the cold migration forced resettlement repression? an odyssey many generations of russian germans have faced their fates almost forgotten. our re told an exam and tear in debt mode of germany in the museum of russian german cultural history. it all began in the 18th century with one woman, catherine, the great good . and then you know, the cost of, you know, you have a blank or credit assessors,

peter the 1st and i have in the terrible cast on the great was pursuing a policy of expansion. that's was a centrally what all them tires were doing at the time. and get my concrete territories at the expense of their neighbors or other empires, even though it will let them to be the catherine the 2nd needed, loyal citizens and highly conquered area in the auto to couldn't be assumed that the indigenous populations of those territories, and predominantly nomadic peoples living in the south would be loyal to the doris tongue government to the day or the teeth of opposite. you'll find homes. as such, they afforded similar colonialists special privileges as it could be and invited them to populate these new areas to russia's south eden holes lens. so this is a, those make up the southern russian regions around the volta river on the north. congress has not called cause and also southern ukraine because she will train in 1763 catherine the great signed a decree,

the documents known to history. as the invitation manifesto, the new settlers were granted generous tax concessions. couldn't be conscripted into a military service and were free to practice their religion. the people of the central german regions had long been used to war and poverty. some 100000. the germans accepted. catherine's offer and migrated to the russian empire. the. the new arrivals were forwarded a great deal about tommy establishing their own schools, universities, and administrations around the mid 19th century. however, policies towards the german minority changed enough to a place to go out and get in the $1869.00. sorry. alexander sent 2 signals and fee to deutsch, all votes of which, from different perspectives, got the germans interest and attention because he was exerting influence on the level of the language of this clock, a russian was introduced into german schools,

good established challenge, enough for some people who gets it seemed to be st. became a question of belonging items, of allegiance with hudson and from and this was the more serious decree he introduced the military service for german. it's like that many germans had to join the russian army in google search. i mean, russian nationalism intensified after the 1856 defeat and the crime in more rivalry between the german and russian empire as was on the rise to it was highly tempting to make the settlers into escape goats for the country's unresolved problems. slowly, russian germans privileges where a wrote it for many it was caused enough to leave the country. by the end of the 19th century, the 1st russian germans were emigrating mainly to south and north america. the. the 2nd major wave of migration followed

in the wake of the 1st world war in which the russian empire and germany were enemies. russian germans were designated the enemy within. it was the start of a painful story, plague by distrust, deportation and repression. in the communist soviet union, under stones dictatorship by the 1930s at the latest, little was left of the multi ethnic state with its sweeping rights and autonomy from minorities. with the german van mox invasion of the soviet union, russian germans were viewed as a threat. they were no longer allowed to practice their traditions or religion. german schools were closed property confiscated with desperate to them. let's just turn the switch done. just went in i the form for that ultimately led to a lack of histories and identity in a way come when dot com. a sentence actually is too much even, and there were massive waves of execution. he doesn't of the societies of story tellers on proof of pastors professor as the teachers,

the vaughn boy. they were often the victim of the 19 thirty's executions in the store and the highest of which meant an end to the story telling dated with a decent tie chrome. it was during that period by whom not with around 200000 people killed or dying as a result of violence or starvation, leaving the block. would that a collective trauma to cold squabbles? and please provide on vehicle code at each from between the inducing type home that facing the trauma of those year, which would ultimately freeze something in place. one, cushion depot, yada viet. let's please. and that was a state of self eraser, host for you and get this or didn't source done that. so i guess not. it wasn't until 1991 that measure is taken by the communist regime against minorities or officially declared illegal. the russian germans received recognition as an official minority but warrant granted the rights and autonomy they have been

promised or any kind of reparations. the soviet union collapsed at the end of 1991 and borders opened up by the early 2, thousands, some 3000000 russian germans from the former soviet states migrated to germany. they received german citizenship and were supported in the integration process. it was at this time that the wagner and her family moved to germany. yeah, their journey took them to freshen in west germany, where they lived to this day. the oldest grand daughter remembers of alice said, all of this was just, it felt positive. so, and there were the fire department fences or i've had us on were 6 containers. that's a 6 contain either v as in zine, it was shared accommodation for russian german sinai level. but i think they were a few people from slovenia to, although my memories are quite confused by now, my name levels and gums gum, i'd say i would love iowa about as i can,

is my home and the high month as far as i see it. i'm german. i have ancestors and was born and because of done, but i do feel german as it should be shown as i speak german. i dream in german, i think in germans is think of dodge. i would also say i have the values, the virtues that i learned from my grandmother was that's how we were brought up home punctuality, order reliability is, those are my virtues to on the problem in the swedish me, i'll try but not o russian germans feel completely at home here. busy it is easy to feel cold, truly isolated, especially when there is so little understanding of their history in wider society . this has led to a sort of alienation, many loan for recognition, for a sense of belonging to new york. i don't want to go anywhere. i'm german,

i want to stay here. it's my home. tonight i'm up by now many russian germans have successfully integrated and become part of germany's diverse history of migration. and these are still the, it's about collective memory. so these, this team of the history of the russian germans should be included in school textbooks to be out. and so that it's introduced into our social historical narrative because i'm sure it would be valuable for everyone on the inside for people without a russian german background. it would foster understanding does want to send for people with a russian german background, which means that their story can finally be told type and then they connect with each other for spanning some 260 years. the history of the russian germans is complex, but it is well worth remembering the . that's all for this edition. thanks for watching. see you next time

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