hi, caesar was every single connection mapped out shows the geophysical reality. the on the board is what makes things the way they are mapped out, navigating a changing world. now on youtube the, the concern is that there's a beautiful phrase by russian writer, victor kolowski. the russians are swarming the memorial church like flies arrange a chandelier noise, the seasonal goal, if you have a loss in common russians in germans. the understand those here. ringback in high school, someone would say to me, risky whiskey, i never understood why they would say that to me is that the best for me?

today, berlin is considered the capital of the russian diaspora. numerous pretend critics live here in political exile, including many cultural figures. a new chapter in the long history of german russian migration, including the story of the russian germans. these german migrants once moved to the vogue region at the invitation of catherine the great but we begin our search for traces of the exchange between the east and the west in berlin, in the 1920s plus ricky oakland corps. and what's the say about said to be the biggest russian city outside of russia on, on the street here, russian is spoken everywhere. all things boss and a lot for the police, a called a city buses. i'm a russian swings as well. but he's got thrown, wouldn't, patients were sometimes a nice and russian. i'm a big one thing. and of course there were kind of this bars and restaurants for granted by russian. yes. or the russian food was in the border line where there's

so many russians leaving the homeland. and speaking of action in the lane, in 1917, russia was brought by political turbulence. dissolve, was deposed, bringing in to 300 years of romano through and the october revolution communist bolsheviks led by lynne and storm. the winter palace demanding a dictatorship of the proletariat. it was the beginning of the struggle for a new social order. the scott, i'm relatives on good luck followed was a relatively long civil war leading up to the finding of the soviet union for the ticket. and the political opponents of the emerging system fled i the supporters of the assad. but not only is what they were also intellectuals who become politic homeless and the definitely taking these law. com lynn, and didn't want to any decision, thinkers challenging his dream of the socialist side of your union. in

1922, he expelled the intellectual elite from the country, and more than 200 leading prizes, doctors and philosophers were forced to leave the homeland an exodus of an entire generation of intellectuals, on the so called philosophy ships among them with nikolai both joy of samuel frank and so gabriel gall costs if they were to return, they will go and when they left, they would be shot. now, a 100 years later, russia is suffering a similar brain drain. not government was a celebration gallery or not, and museum director in moscow until the film out of state that was due to his since being labeled a foreign agent by russian authorities. and like hundreds of his colleagues now works in the you, some of whom you to increase. if you take a broader look, not only visual arts, but also literature and music, nearly all of the most important names. supple left russia,

c o. u. surgeon's restrict deep regime leaves no room for criticism. the licensed wanes of sling officers came when russia began. it's bull on you train. the rifle lute miller. let's go out driven into exxon at the age of old list. h e. v as a director carrillo said he really calls an outspoken critic of the regime, now faces prisons in russia. and marino defeat of one of the most important voices in russian visa now declared unwelcome after cooling for an end to the war. the billing gallery gilman on the count has become a sent us to international to trying a new approaches with digital art in a city that's still open to experimentation. a good name. when you look at the slavic berlin has a reputation as a city that may not have a market to that where everything is cheated. ocean where artists are welcome

category and where they have many opportunities to create something that had the subordinate come, they will give us more of the deal to chance or stability or lane. but it's like an open stage that welcomes new artifacts. and like i thought i had the customer know, show you that brings is true today as it did 100 years ago. and you evaluate some of the stuff 01. you could see that berlin was something like a 1st stop for the refugees, or never said to me, you're right. and we have all those and russians here on the, on, on the cost. berlin is relatively close to russia, decided by returning home was at least on see a radical possibility of moving costs or to gain. entering the country was um, complicated, and inflation made life easier for the new arrivals. the stopper lane was a cheap city for russians because the mark was so we can buy installation what that means that's own and they was safe to voice the political views. yeah.

because usually take those brands there opinion, but not a lot of money. it was awesome. said the berlin was a kind of mini russia looked like an yeah tool. it was a broad range of elliptical movements here and, and story morgan, $400.00 russian rushes and thinkers who was silenced a time, found the freedom and the cheap paper. they needed to continue their debates. almost a 150 russian newspapers were printed in the city. kind of of 50 russian publishing houses brought out books by exiled garages, such as andre, billy borders, poster knock, alexi raymond, solve marine. it's the tie, the whole story. and of course, my single piece of veritable who's who of russian literature of the times the day i find the probably the best known russian here the

time was. why them here now? because of who actually lasted 15 years and very little, although he had a kind of a love, hate relationship with the city and didn't write very kindly about it afterwards. but he received the russian, berlin of the 1920s was a single furnace room, rented out by a corse and smelly german. the nasty sweat of this misbegotten people is unforgettable. why is that put on kid's time? here was productive largest, and racers have access to some rooms in the upper floors of this building and they actually would give you a try really interesting good for them. he made a bit of money from that device, but probably most of his earnings came from working as a n. s. teacher. yeah, i taught tenants to wealthy young ladies and tenants. michael bought it was the roaring, twenties and awesome culture was flourishing. germany was reinventing itself in 1919 of the jeremy's cooling defeats in world war one, the monkey was ousted in the notes in the revolution. the kaiser advocated. the

socialist colleague connects and the social democratic philips signed them and proclaimed the republic. as the design, my republic was a new system of democratic government for the 1st time women were allowed to vote. there was freedom of expression and freedom to the ops that he's got nothing. the 1st world war berlin was a city where there was no more censorship. it was a playground for the new and literature film, and painting by the gym and capital became as vibrant, cosmopolitan metropolis gallery. oh, no. has not valid in was a committed communist and admirer. of russian artists he helped raise the profile with his magazine additional. the building out world was increased by these ideas, emerging from eastern europe. in 1922, the 1st russian odd exhibition took place in building arch was serving as

a vehicle of rough bush month between the young soviet union and the fine mile republic. it was a rezoning success. the german odd world was deeply impressed. well, i didn't know anywhere in europe. the 1st 12 whole months and break, but in russia, the revolution had led to a real upswing, which no one was ready to where i was in the west, one of us was invest between 19141922. the simply wasn't much contact was this was the whole phillips of creativity had a much the people only go to see the exhibition in 1922 people who were amazed by how much had been going on. well, people here had just been scraping by. you might have recently me bob site that the exhibition featured completely new autistic currents such as supremacy ism and constructivism. revolutionary wild abstract, the futuristic experiments of office, letting me a tuckman from fuck,

he challenged the very concept of space in moscow. the silly tendency pioneer at the abstract game to make sensory impressions visible with lines and circles perceptions rather than realities. in keys, casting me a mile of each made one of the most radical statements about the rejection of the representational with his iconic black square. off in its purest form, and l is its key from fortunate and to do way completely with 2 dimensionality. a generation of artists from the flushing soviet union searching for a new understanding of hot that would revolutionize the whole world. they were referred to as russian. although many of them were you planning on god, you have to remember that the ever god always sold themselves as international.

that nationality wasn't important because they was driving for a movement that spanned the globe. the mix was important because we set it up. so there was the russian cover me that blah with full gold and also frequented by lots of german writers and intellectual designs in the venue hosted lively evenings with option incense powered ease of everyday life in germany, into wife and with russian folks on ponds that is enough that is alaska, through the set of it. this is the most glorious thing you can experience in the world. even the critics raised about its terrible, our sole goal is a dream that you want to sink into again and again, forget the ugly green, unacceptable reaching power. realizing the sober presence the i have to open my years a news to see what they are doing. no, we can't do that. i have to pass up and go home without ending them. all in germany,

most categories were very political, and this was more so to speak. russian folks know it was exhausting. it was how people imagined rush it to be. and the way russians presented themselves in germany was key, as with german expectations of them must be a lot of distortion, poor people in so long. but fun cases. yeah, by 40 inches, loved this artistic melancholy. have mind you added a certain exoticism to german cold generation. quit to an amazon and it was 6. we'll definitely touch the game. but eventually the russian exiles left and went elsewhere to paris to us in some back to the soviet union. by the time the nazis came to power in 1933, this free spaces out to split community head sketches. rosky burning was just a brief chapter in history a 100 years ago the existing material set up with if

we looked at these 2 periods and compare them 100 years ago. and then today, with in february, it was a time when you were upset with stage for something you to develop a little scary. but in fact, that guy easy would find the russian revolution back then. and war and ukraine today was forced thousands of artists to start a cultural revolution. to divide of the numerous german settlers made a new home in russia in the 18th century. the start of the turbulent and painful history of the russian germans may have spoken for this edition. a russian german grandmother tells her grand daughter of her life between 2 cultures and this one. mamma really came to the purpose when the other children saw that their fathers had come home. they tell everyone at

school my dad has come and mommy's when i went home, i said to my mother, how is mom next? dad hasn't come home. he's got a phone call and then my mother said, yes, my child, i wish you would come to him, but your father won't be coming home. so then it is commentary. no slashing of off the vice. i remember when i was at high school, i was 10 or 11 years old, say someone would say to me, my time rosky liskey. and obviously if i never understood, why would they say that to me? i'm not rushing. i never speak russian, not even at home. where did they get that idea? my name is wagner. the i couldn't be more german also has a lack of or both i give i is gone his way to think we're really only now starting to deal with the history. white of the story is only now being revisited. if you don't present, we're faced with the challenge of giving people with the russian german background, their own history to their own story. you know, you can increase that. you can the story that some keep. this one that i sent mama,

the wagner was born in 1938, and russ solved a russian german settlement and the soviet union today, context on the left hand corner of our ancestors were german to emigrated from, has in the 19th century. okay, to me, satisfied with the when all the wagner was 3 years old, nazi germany attacked the ussr to russian. germans were all tarred with the same brush viewed as sympathizers of hitler's germany and declared enemies of the soviet union. ready ready starting in august 1941, some, 1000000 russian germans were forcibly deported. around a 3rd were sent to labor camps, where most of them died, including olga wagner, his father. in the amount of time to conduct me, the children were dying like flies. they gave me and there was an epidemic of my

niece, and i can remember how my mother was supposed to go to work in the country. so, but she resisted it. i'm not going to work. my child is dying. she said half the time she carried my brother. he was 3 years old. i can remember him gasping for and i thought he had scarlet fever at the extent of so for she did, then he died. she didn't get them. i couldn't go to the funeral because i had nothing to where they had me having some teeth that he died in january. i know i moved, there were 5 children and one grave, 5 little coffins. body of it was that cut off up this very, very bad design coma. she has some few settings and she did a lot of income. so i swear shame solutions. and thus they almost stop on in the sixties and seventies says, olga wagner, the situation improved. she found work as a dairy hand married and had 4 children. and then in the early 19 ninety's,

the soviet union collapsed. another new beginning. she decided to return to her ancestors homeland, back to her roots. in 1993, she came to germany with her entire family, as well as the no, no. my mom the my husband didn't want use on the when we were coming over he kept saying it was my fault. but i was so happy to come here, come from me. it felt like coming home. now, how is the cold migration, forestry settlement repression and odyssey many generations of russian germans have faced their fates almost forgotten, our re told and exam and tear in debt mode of germany and the museum of russian german cultural history. it all began in the 18th century with one woman, catherine, the great good,

and then any call. so, you know, you have a blanket of predecessors, peter the 1st and ivan, the terrible you cast on the great was pursuing a policy of expansion that's supposed to essentially what all them tires were doing at the time and get my concrete territories at the expense of their neighbors or other empires, even though it will, i think you'd be the catherine law 2nd, needed, loyal citizens and highly conquered areas in be also what couldn't be assumed that the indigenous populations of those territories, and predominantly nomadic peoples living in the south would be loyal to the artist on government of the day or the teeth of off, if you'll send home the as such, they have forwarded similar colonialists, special privileges as it could be and invited them to populate these new areas to russia's south, even the whole sense. so today those make up the southern russian regions around the vulgar river on the north congress's north, coll, collin, and also southern ukraine. she will train in 1763 catherine the great signed

a decree, the document known to history. as the invitation manifesto, the new settlers were granted generous tax concessions couldn't be conscripted into a military service and were for read to practice their religion. the people of the central german regions had long been used to war in poverty, some 100000. the germans accepted. catherine's offer and migrated to the russian empire. the new arrivals were afford it a great deal about tommy establishing their own schools, universities, and administrations around the mid 19th century. however, policies towards the german minority changed enough to take to the yahoo in the 18 sixty's on. sorry, alexander sent 2 signals and for the fee to do, i tell folks that which from different perspectives got the germans interest and attention because he was exerting influence on the level of the language of this

block, a russian was introduced into german schools that establish the challenge enough for some people who gets it to you and to be said became a question of belonging by some of allegiance with hudson. and i'm ok, and this was the more serious decree. he introduced the military service for german . it's that meant the germans had to join the russian army, which i mean russian nationalism intensified after the $1856.00 defeat and the crime in more rivalry between the german and russian empire as was on the rise to it was highly tempting to make the settlers into escape goats for the countries unresolved problems. slowly, russian germans privileges were wrote it for many, it was caused enough to leave the country. or by the end of the 19th century, the 1st russian germans were emigrating mainly to south and north america. the. the 2nd major wave of migration followed

in the wake of the 1st world war in which the russian empire and germany were enemies. russian germans were designated the enemy within. it was the start of a painful story, plague by distrust, deportation and repression. in the communist soviet union, under stollins dictatorship by the 1930s at the latest, little was left of the multi ethnic state with its sweeping rights and autonomy for minorities. with the german van mocks invasion of the soviet union, russian germans were viewed as a threat. they were no longer allowed to practice their traditions or religion. german schools were closed property confiscated with us for to them. let's just turn them switched on this one and i the form for that ultimately led to a lack of histories and identity in a way, income with comments and thoughts issues too much even. and there were massive

waves of execution. he doesn't of societies of storytellers and proof of pastors professor as the teachers, the vaughn boy, if they were often the victims of the 19 thirty's executions introduced when the highest of which meant an end to the story telling they did. what did these untie, chrome, it was during that period to fight who was around 200000 people, killed or dying as a result of violence or starvation and sleep it off with that a collective trauma until cold squadrons. and please provide on vehicle with a dish from between the inducing type home that facebook trauma of those years would ultimately freeze something in place. one cushion these are yadda viet. let's please. and that was a state of self eraser history. and yet this a didn't source done, does it took us night? it wasn't until 1991. that measure is taken by the communist regime against minorities or officially declared illegal. the russian germans received

recognition as an official minority but warrant granted the rights and autonomy they have been promised or any kind of reparations. the soviet union collapsed at the end of 1991 and borders opened up by the early 2, thousands, some 3000000 russian germans from the former soviet states migrated to germany. they received german citizenship and were supported in the integration process. it was at this time that the wagner and her family moved to germany. yeah, their journey took them to freshen in west germany, where they lived to this day. the oldest grand daughter remembers of alice said, all of this was just the positive. so, and there were the fire department fences or i've had us on were 6 containers. that's a 6 contain either v as in zine, it was shared accommodation for russian german sinai level. but i think they were a few people from slovenia to, although my memories are quite confused by now,

my name levels and gums gum, i'd say i would love iowa about as i can, is my home and the high month as far as i see it. i'm german, which is i have ancestors and was born and because of done but i do feel german uh as it should be shown as i speak german dream and german i think in germans is think of dogs. i would also say i have the values, the virtues that i learned from my grandmother was that's how we were brought up home punctuality, order reliability is, those are my virtues to on the problem in the swedish me, i'll try but not oh, russian germans feel completely at home here, it is easy to feel culturally isolated, especially when there is so little understanding of their history in wider society . this has led to a sort of alienation, many loan for recognition, for a sense of belonging community and i don't want to go anywhere. i'm german,

i want to stay here. it's my home. tonight, i'm living by now. many russian germans have successfully integrated and become part of germany's diverse history of migration. and these are still the, it's about collective memory. so these, this team of the history of the russian germans should be included in school textbooks and beyond. so that it's introduced into our social historical narrative because i'm sure it would be valuable for everyone on the inside for people without a russian german background. it would foster understanding does want to send for people with a russian german background, which means that their story can finally be told type and then they connect with each other for spanning some 260 years. the history of the russian germans is complex, but it is well worth remembering the

that's all for this edition. thanks for watching. see you next time the

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