being a whole lot more centralized upstairs. it's getting busy and they are building mysterious space strips. space has always been a contested arena, but what we're seeing right now it brings it to another level where the space in the united states is still the most powerful country up there. parts, thanks to this. but i do think it's more interesting and china has overtaken restaurant for 2nd place. so it's worth looking up because of what's happening up there impacts what's happening down here. and if something goes wrong in space, it could completely disrupt things on earth. hollywood loves induced a scenario like with all sudden like navigation face. it's over the top, but actually not by much. we all massively depend on satellites. the human made

machine stead orbit our planets. have you use the navigation up to date? definitely satellites, check the weather? absolutely. satellites transferred money, could it be satellites or search for something on the internet? pods are satellites but that's just the obvious stuff. satellites, truck earthquakes, forest fires of flooding. they help understand climate change. and they are essential to military operations, as we'll see in a bit. and this is one of the places where satellites i launched into space. this a space launch complex 40 at cape canaveral space for space and similar loan sites exist all over the world. up to 50 new satellites are put into space every week. this, any mason shows how it works up their fascinating rights. most satellites are in the lower orbit around to us some further away. right now down more than 10000

active satellites in space. look at all those dots. the red ones are satellites and the us has the most more than a 1000, including many commercial ones. china operates more than 700 satellites, and russia has a little over 200. and it will only get busier up there by 2030. that could be 60000, such a lights and space, and sometimes they can determine the outcome of the war. on february 24th 2022, russia launched its full scale invasion of ukraine. that as well. no. but there is a more obscure story that is not as well known from the early hours of that same day. across europe, communication with thousands of wind turbines broke down. they was still operating, but for quite some time it was not possible to control them remotely. what had happened this satellite case that got hit by a cyber attack,

the us and you accused roster of being behind it. case app provides broadband internet not only for wind turbines, but also, and this is much more important for our story, for ukraine and its military. cyber experts think russia wanted to disrupt the communication of ukrainian forces to blindsided them before invaded. timing is everything. forces checked to conduct the accounts of space, a top count of space measure. you don't need to be in space, right? it can be, it can be a hack. it can be a cyber attack. this is yana zeus. she is a research fellow on space security at the royal united services institute and independent the think tank of london. you don't need to be sophisticated space power, traction, disrupt space systems. ukraine re gains internet connection at least partially with the help of star link. the satellite communications company owned by ellen musk.

we'll get to him a bit later. so we've just learned about the cyber attacks. they target the data itself that is being transmitted by a satellite and the systems that control the data flow. but there are more ways to disrupt the space operations most involves interfering with the radio signals coming to and from the satellites. specifically those used by navigation satellites, like g p s, the global positioning system. this is a challenge, for example, for aircraft. it's called spoofing. when the attackers send a powerful false signal, overwhelming the original one, the airplane is navigation system can then show the wrong location. then there's jamming, interrupting the signal. that means the airplane no longer has navigation, data. spoofing, jamming and cyber attacks are very common. why? because they are relatively cheap and difficult to track. and then there's this.

what's the moment a russian ad to satellite weapon destroys an obsolete soviet satellite cause of most 14 o 8. this was just a test and a demonstration of russian capability. but it's still dangerous. the debris from such an attack can damage or even destroy other satellites and space. this animation shows how that could play out. it does not look good as to not from the international space station. how to take filter because of the dangers debris from the russian test. they got a warning message waking them up that morning. we were recently informed of a satellite break up and need to have you guys start reviewing the safe haven procedure. so russia has shown it can destroy another country satellite by destroying their own. and so have india, china and the united states, but we have seen no one has physically destroyed somebody

else's satellite deliberate. a scene chang has extensively covered the chinese space program and is now working with the united states institute of peace. inevitably in space, you will start seeing each side trying to disrupt and interfere with the other side, the ability to do space. so now we know some of the attacks taking place. let's have a look at the most important play us up there, and who could win the new space race. let's turn out a rising anxieties over a new arms race in space that you're down to us is again, investing heavily and it space capabilities. no other country, it has more set of lights and for a bit more than 8000, as we mentioned. but did you know, is that more than 6000 of those belong to the space x? a company founded by the ritz? it's not under the law. and so the u. s. has the most successful commercial space player and it's right. must satellites provide internet broadband statics?

that's the part of space x that operates the sacraments. they can cover even the most remote corners of the planet, such as deep in the amazon rain forest. that does not come without criticism. us lawmakers are worried. how much the u. s. military is relying on a movie 1000000000. but yes, that is a different story. space is so important to the us that in 2019, they created a new branch of the us military to deal with it. the united states space for us to be precise, donald trump did when he was president, his vice president made it pretty clear why the us thinks if needs to strengthen its presence in space. the united states faces emerging threats and space for countries like china and russia, and those threats are only growing. so the message is obvious up there is whether us thinks it can't afford to fall behind. in 2024 space for us had a budget of $29000000000.00 us dollars. nasa, the us civilian space agency,

got another 25000000000. russia is falling behind in space, despite all the headlines. sanctions corruption and it's a to infrastructure have left the space pioneer in the slowly process, which is always the 1st space. how would that be sol? with the locust foot and expected 1957. i'd have to see the 2nd place to china, which has been rapidly building up the space capabilities of the last couple of years. and china has big plans. it's an up and coming power on earth and in space. and they brought back lunar box from there. nobody did that before. the people's republic is eager to show off its capabilities. but this is all china, it's designed and space. it aims to become the leading global space power by 2045. the universe is the limit and sign that is building the infrastructure like this launch site in the countries north. recently 18 rockets with satellites were

launched here. they are part of applied to make our consolation of 14000 satellites rivaling eli and musk starting. the chinese provide very little hard information. uh, for example, we do not know something as simple as how much this trying to spend on space. i think a sudden they ask, what is known transparency aspect to it. us and other western countries say exactly that, that china lacks transparency on his activities and his accent irresponsibly. so here's another example. china, a launch satellites, which are edited equipped with a net and a robotic arm. they say it is to clear to bring. there are no pictures of it to hush hush, but this any basin shows what the robotic arm might look like. but what is it for? one incident from 2022 could provide clues. that's one sign now used to technology

in ways not previously seen. a chinese such a light was observed grabbing another old chinese set of lights and pulling it out of its normal orbit that left us experts where it was a testing a new offensive capability to be used against other countries. they know that in doing this, they are also sending a 6 to the west japan, any country that operate space systems, we could really interfere with your spacious stems. if we just sign out repeatedly says it wants to use space peacefully. probably close basically the man of the when the peaceful little inside of space and stand ready to go home from 5 to the same commitment to start charging deep and ration which and contribute to me and commented already into the come on, try it for frequency,

something critics about especially because the civilian and military usage seems so intertwined. the heads of key parts of the training space program are military. so yes, if you work with china in space, you are working with the people's operation. army are working with the attorneys, milton china, on the other hand, has accused us of minute arising space in 2022 u. s. surveillance satellite approach to chinese satellites. the incidents raised concerns in china will china cuts off or even surpassed the us? to answer this question, we have to finally turn to the mysterious space or we mentioned them at the very beginning. here's what the us mysterious spaceship looks like. it's called x $37.00, b, it's reusable and unmanned since 2010. it has been going on highly classified mission to orbit where it's allegedly it carries out experience. china has now succeeded in

building a similar space craft sing along side that has never released pictures of it. so the journey space planes almost certainly was developed in response to the 3070 . so why are the space planes so important? both countries see the other is mysterious spaceships as a potential threat. the secrecy around x 37 be interesting, long has even let the speculation that could be used as whitcomb platforms. so when the new space rate, the us or china, well 1st off, the space race is a marathon. the chinese are in some ways, very much appear to the united states. and arguably, even the head of the west. the west has been in the leads at the time the destiny has put a most, it should be a predominant face problem in 2025. so what's next? more competition or is there another way? so spaces are you going to?

my to move is going to become busier and more congested space and it's going to be more contested as well as be, see more active and sort of entering space as well. i'm. there's more need for roles than f o. a space is a domain like a dock to come and to hide it belongs to no country so far they are not many rules and place. the only real one is the outer space treat of 1967. more than $100.00 countries have signed it, including the us, china and russia. but the treaty is old and only loosely regulates activities in space, advance nuclear weapons up there, but has nothing on to such a large weapons. for example, no one wants to read it. i don't think that we're really going to see any real progress on this in the next.