you're watching dw news coming up next are documentary focuses on the end of china war, one of the bloodiest chapters in french colonial history. i will be back in the top of the hour with more bold news. i hope to see you then the she's the head of a country that knows on great best has been occupied by china for almost 75 years. it's time to see for his country to best business. china, september 27th. on the w. the between

19451954 friends waged, a merciless war more than 9000 kilometers from paris. this devastating war was marked by bargaining, the trail, idealism and disillusionment. it was a password for freedom and subjugation, full of hope and pain. this war devastated a country costs hundreds of thousands of human lives and initiated the collapse of the french colonial empire. it was a war with many facets, colonial war, a war of independence and the cold war. a war that's been almost forgotten today, the

for more than 17 years, france exploited into china a colony which included cambodia allows on vietnam. after world war 2, the leader and funder of the communist, the admin which has been declared being the means independence warrants, you'd lose the french army initially score numerous victories. it was gradually overwhelmed by the guerrilla warfare wage, by which he means b as in fighters. in 1949, the communist sees power in china, turning point out, the doom offered, which human, logistical, and military support the colonial war became a cold war conflict. although french public opinion was critical of this distant war, french leaders were intent of continuing the fight. but to do that, how does urgently needed fresh impetus in 1951

power sent its most prestigious generals into china, world war 2 huge on deluxe to tiffany. as soon as he arrived, deluxe summoned his officers. i'd come to save you because you other ones getting killed. no more surrendering from now on. you will be on the mike amount. the deluxe travel through into china, ordering dismissals, establishing new rules, as well as making adjustments among the troops. deluxe took a top line, but it earned him respect. the soldiers had wanted a leader, and they've got one but the admin were unimpressed by deluxe arrival. on the 25th of december 1950 general, and when jeff launched, the major offend,

says into the north of the country. theme was to take how noise the equipped by china 5, the divisions attacked clearly fortified french defensive positions held by insufficient units. the situation was critical. as soon as he arrived, deluxe personally assumed command of operations, he sent all available troops into the battle, even requisitioning civilian aircraft to transport some units to the front. soldiers had rarely traveled so well the,

the general could also rely on new types of munitions supplied by the united states . meet jelly gasoline, the spread death and panic among the enemy, the vin sites, her groove, and she recalled the plains dice and all hell breaks loose before my eyes. an immense plain spreading for hundreds of meters, sewing to him right in the ranks of the competence. nay, palm find phoning from the sky. the men of fleeing come back any longer. meantime would be deployed in vietnam for 3 decades. the of

the in boot reported. flames run faster than the vs overtaking and engulfing hundreds. perhaps thousands of them. the deluxe didn't shy away from implying this terrifying width and in the name of peace . he was not afraid of international criticism. and for good reason, the use of napalm by us forces in korea active a new reaction whatsoever. there is no such thing as a just war. the deluxe delta crushing to speak to the admin lost more than 8000 men in this battle

. he also 100 friends, its 1st major victory since the war began. the french soldiers that being given a boost from that point on the troops, led by a prestigious leader, were no longer fighting for the coldness they believed they were also fighting for a free world. the deluxe met with the leaders of the countries of french into china, came the don't see, a nuke of cambodia and specifying baton, a prime minister of laos. he wanted to assure them of francis support and keep them out of the conflict. he made a public appearance, was followed by the vietnamese head of state to underline his support for him. the deluxe wanted to include the vietnamese and the fight against communism. he set about establishing a vietnamese national army, tens of tires,

and signed up to fight alongside friends against the admin. by 1949, the force number 25000 and soon exceeded 830000 men, trained and led by french officers. training is tough. what do you need? do you need the muscles of steel to approach the enemy? and so i assume you put in any lapse of steel to lie and wait for them. i am 9, hold on. let's take them down to sign of the the right moment, need to do needs coming out to into a days and nights of hard labor. and then the china also has a defining element which it is, but you have to submit it yourself with a knife and you want to handle it, get it so that you can surprise the enemy's count. coughing with the sooner then crowned the in september 1951, deluxe flew to the united states. the war was costing from several 1000000000.

frank, today is a most to persuade the powerful united states to contribute to funds. the general managed to term the american media. you've received the white house by president truman. the. the mission was a success. washington bumped up that support considerably. from then on it would finance 40 percent of the war share that would increase over time. the deluxe gamble paid off. he managed to contain the v at mid and boost. the armies were off us showered him with dollars. a fringe supported via the muse national army entered the free. the

the deluxe kept a cool head. shap still had chinese course at his disposal. the french general warned me with the general would not be there to witness either diagnosed with cancer in november 1951. he returned to paris or he died. 2 months later, ever since it began, the war was subject to constant flux about dies french train via the muse national army that confronted which he means people's army of vietnam. the cold war had degenerated into a civil war. hundreds of thousands of people were torn apart on both sides. never

had the country being so divided the in the communist camp. a process of radicalization was underway. following the example of china, the movement was strengthening its grip on the population's under its control, which fell into line willingly or by force. the ministry of public security launched targeted repressive measures against undesirables to win the support of the peasant masses. and agrarian reform was adopted behind the propaganda images promoting the redistribution of land. a large scale occurred was taking place. any citizen suspected of disloyalty, was eliminated. when comes one

of the at the muse man said the peasants with realty, and forced to denounce the crimes of landlords before the people's, quote, the quote, had the power to pronounce death sentences and a platoon carried out the executioners on the spot. in some places the condemned was stone times left to dines, thirst, and hunger, or even buried alive. thousands died in the perch, tens of thousands of feet and then these were sent to camps. many never to return the the columnist ignore this precious idle confrontation. they generally resided in the cities and no insight gone. they were still able to enjoy sunny days in the midst of the chaos, the se,

the most absolutely widely began to pack up the major companies. first and foremost an illusion of tranquillity. soldier, all of them, man, land brooks. in his diary, the 20th century columbus is from henry. we only leads the road without companies with ends in hand. it's clear proof that behind the front is nothing but emptiness, gloves, and incompetence. even if we win this war, we will have to leave indo china. a lucidity that political leaders lacked by 1953. france was in deep crisis. on the military front, the war was proving to be unwinnable, even with american aid. on the political front,

a fall guy had failed to win over his people's intelligence, but tactless. it seemed obvious that he was an idle leader in the service of the french. he had the suit, but like the substance, the political deadlock was evident the back and the homeland. the french were unhappy. the public had grown weary of chronically unstable government and the cost of the war. all the more so, when a new scandal was uncovered, an official expose the true extent of the illicit trade and asked was the currency of french into china. settlers and soldiers were pocketing the difference between the special and actual race of exchange. but they weren't the only ones. ministers, deputies and bankers were also involved, were still the investigation revealed vin took advantage of the system to buy weapons on the international market. that was the final straw. the political and

military crisis was becoming a crisis of confidence. the french didn't want to hear another word about this bloody war, which is ruining the country, and only benefiting the prophet to years. after 7 years of blame this in indecision, frances leaders finally understood that he had to negotiate. but they wanted to do so for a position of strength. the government placed that space and only lean of uh, a brilliant, arrogant general. he knew nothing of indo china and was chosen for that very reason to appraise the situation from a new perspective. the emission was to inflict such heavy losses on the enemies of france would be able to dictate the conditions during talks. the name i of the 17th administer since the outbreak of the conflict gave him

a single instruction. find an honorable way out. no har opted for an insignificant airbase used during world war 2 and located right in the middle of the admin territory. a low plane of 65 square kilometers surrounded by mountains. bmw food navarre plan to set up a headquarters in the center for defido post with email names with guarantee is protection. the general navarro was assisted by general for the economy. the ambience who bass will be commanded by colonel castillo and custody. the november 1953, thousands of powdered troopers were dropped to take over the base and the

apart from a few injured person. now the operation went off without a hitch. the shortly afterwards, a runway was built. a steady stream of plains dropped off. the soldiers artillery and engineers, the motor space became a huge camp with trenches bunkers, even a field hospital, the

the, the one to, to construct a for middle base to lou or general job to launch a hasty attack. the some soldiers were not at ease with this idea. does he end up with that route at the end? and the tenant also is like a go to which comes with the pray attracting to the mean time. i don't we like to situation the listing of our didn't go to his plan for a moment, for 70 years, the friendship saltado the enemy. this time it was the enemy who had come to them, the

general jeff decided to take up the challenge. years of struggle had transformed the history teacher into a seasoned strategist. he martialed his army in the jungle. the vin were ready to fight the huge network of more than 200000 civilians transported supplies and equipment over a distance of almost 700 kilometers. but it was mainly chinese and soviet trucks that brought with ends and boot supplies close to the hills.

the the in january 1954, the french wizard, confidently for the assault. the base was ready. victory was beyond the camp leader could of the country even dropped leaflets to provoke general jeff, the general while you're waiting to stop this battle, don't your success have you lost faith in the value of your generals and the enthusiasm of your troops? come on, i'm waiting for you. for general, jack kept a cool head. he preferred to meticulously prepare for battle during this defeat to

be devastating. and who came in have given him clear orders, tent sites, unless you're sure you're going to win. otherwise, refrain the time was on the vietnam inside the 27th, those and tons of material were transported to the fax. those are the bicycles were also using the operation alongside soviet trucks. who's your bicycles had been exported on mass to viet nam since the 19 thirty's and jeff joe, that the bicycle had been the most decisive soldier in the bottles.

the, the french were neither deaf nor blind thanks to their intelligent services. they knew what to expect. faced with the influx of the admin reinforcements, darrell and the fire began to have doubts. he wrote to paris new and replied. still, the french general didn't back down soon, almost 50000 vietnamese fighters that surrounded the 12000 soldiers of the french army, the wall. the knives were being sharpened. the diplomats were keeping busy in geneva. the super powers prepared a high level conference on korea and the, and the appellate unnecessary on the bottle of the m b into

came it just the right time was the v at min and friends wanted to win. so that the chris's at the negotiating table as victors, the on the 13th of march, 1954 jobs army was ready by 15 pm. all hell broke loose. the strong point, beatrice. 2.5 kilometers from the headquarters was overrun, whose commander was killed and read, you communicate can separate the

overnight, the defense is collapsed. the admin artillery was more powerful than expected. concealed in hillsides ending caves. it was undetectable. on the 15th of march, it was post gabrielle was turned to fall general shaw piece of hey to the french artillery. didn't believe the admin would be able to position their guns on the sloops committed suicide after realizing his mistake, the pri, this is the 4 french battalions were out of action. the valley was being pounded the shells. the fire power was supposed to be the trump card at the french,

but it was the vietnamese who had it the, the air feels defenses were quickly destroyed. aircraft could no longer land. the only way to supply the base was through power shoot, drops the vin onto aircraft defense has prevented any accurate ear. drops the vin launched wave after wave of assault. even if it been dying by the hundreds, the ultimate sacrifice for their country are simply to save themselves. the one of them said that each of 5 from the enemy continues the full or the only way

out is to charge for what was dying from. stay down anyway. there was a leak from shelters running at full speed towards the bottom line in front of the breach. that didn't wouldn't be depending on how far battalion is date a wounded. the feast with fierce resistance from the french, vin changed tactics every night. fighters dug trenches in the direction of enemy positions the

v in the me. soldier reports that we were in searching the enemy on all sides. the galleries dug by all infantrymen was so close to the bob while the french posts, and they joined the trenches. the attackers overwhelmed the french forces and what remains of the bunkers, resistance continued. there were rumors that the americans would support the war efforts. the free world would hold out how to spend, dispatched its chief of staff to washington, the process chief of staff with president eisenhower. and i know radford general, apparently here for conferences on the indo china war to which the rest allocated 1w2cw dollars last year, chief topic of conversation. indo china is critical battle at the end. beautiful. a

general elite called for the deployment of american bombers from the pacific fleet to safety in the end to the president dwight eisenhower and congress didn't agree to the request. the operation was never carried out the in the lowlands, the wounded li, dying, and couldn't be evacuated. soldier, lucy and the project for called, living in the dead mingle in the mount. the s thinks nothing to eat. 20 hours of nightmares. my friend was cutting half by shell. it took 2 hours for him to dial. the hottest deals hospital. doctors had to select the men they could say. dr. kalonde

reported the complaints the screams, the cool was the groans, the ringing of the telephone mixed with a den outside filled my ears and the police rates. my thoughts from that movements on i wasn't sure whether it was 9 today with rose, hungry or thirsty, whether i was a live or a character from a nightmare. the odd as you thought she was. there was great excitement in geneva, miss redo idea. she wants me to was received by a friend the crown, the father delays the home for at least the master of the old headquarters of the league of nations with the meats. when he that the thing is sort of a shadow and by the situation in html pool, that will be a chief underneath the result. you like the major know or 3 dollar payment is while the but the and shortly before the conference

opened, us secretary of state john foster, dulles is french. come to part george to do without really thinking he suggested deploying 2 atomic bombs. the french foreign minister objected the phone was who'd inflict too many french casualties. i could plunge the world into the best the indians who was one of the most dangerous moments of the cold war. the faults continued the final offensive began on the 1st of may 1954 hold up in a shelter because lee was powerless. from the 7th of me, the telephone general committee, their last conversation was recorded the

defending themselves tooth and nail. to hold out for as long as possible with what i have left my general in a group of you. all right, my friend could we save any ammunition that's the problem. we've got nothing left a 122850 pounds. all right, my friend i'll talk and call you beforehand. good bye to test team to by general the after 56 days of siege on the 7th of may 1950 for the custody order to ccr. the bmw who had fallen,

the french soldier recalled sudden silence. i felt like it was the battle of d n. b into ended in a catastrophic defeat. for france. the trap set to conquer the v at been proved to be the french troops on doing the friend suffered more than 3500 dead and missing on more than 10000 french soldiers were taken prisoner. the v is also suffered more than $20000.00 dead and injured about where victorious french military leaders made several mistakes and was fatal. they completely underestimated the admin. the french did not

believe in the mid had the logistical capabilities to build up in the supply and offensive army of several, tens of thousands of men in the middle of the jungle, nor the strategic ability to defeat the french army in open battle the geneva hughes that the dispute must have come with a worst time d n b and who was supposed to give friends the upper hand and talks. but instead it was in a position of weakness. foreign ministers, george, they do who is negotiate. think of the plate and ceilings root fronts enters the

negotiations with the tube tubs and a 3 of diamonds. the consequences of this disaster were also felt in france. the fall of the and trench camp brought down in the 20th government of the 4th republic propelled p. m and his friends into the limelight, the he'd been advocating talk since 1950. his time had finally come from the 18th of june, 1954 pm, and his friends know prime minister went to geneva to negotiate the launch. we have been able to chief to con. we wanted to a chief executive, namely to restore peace in the east that fail. nobody else. could you wait for mister president?

mendez from still the french national assembly that has been agreement wasn't reached within 30 days. he would resign as prime minister, the talk centered on a possible partition of vietnam and an immediate cease fire. whole parties were keen to push through their respective demands and exerted great pressure on from bond on the chief negotiator sent by who chief been on the 21st of july 1954 a few hours before the ultimatum was due to expire. and the agreement was finally reached at 3 20 pm, the money to us, your unit in the very sort of assignment, highly domestic. honestly, the gentleman who signed the documents ending the war in vietnam compton. and he was to talk on the who signed on behalf of the fee of the agreement. i forced to call us to make the full concession with me for these good. i don't have enough

time for the loss of 9000 french soldiers on the titan. this week because we don't have to be able to solve this plus the mendez problems, food, real political courage. he enabled friends to withdraw from the conflict. now isn't it that they no reason and peace of my own? let's just remember to get the so unfortunately we know it's time for us to have been wounded this week with a physically and so in that harness good. i don't need to express my feelings me because i feel the same way. so they both a ceasefire was finally signed like germany, berlin, and korea. vietnam was temporarily divided into 2 zones on either side of the 17th power. allow northwell to the admin. well, the service became a republic under american protection. the sovereignty of cambodia and laos was also

recognized the prisoners he'd been languishing in camps for several months for gradually exchanged of the $10000.00 french prisoners. the 3rd perished slots are committed by the v admin in defiance of international humanitarian law. the

or the years after the war began, who came in had one is the pushers were static. the term recalled cries of joy when jumping the fuse and on the hills. red with blood and the nape of these young infantrymen would victorious. how happy? well, the

who team indeed themselves a soviet style parade for the victory cave, at the price of the population have gained independence. it was also burdened with new chains which has been established a communist regime with close links to the soviet union and the people's republic of china, the in a mass exodus almost a 1000000 vietnamese fled the side to the poverty and intolerance. the they gave up their possessions and left the country as quickly as they could. the,

the french troops were also evacuated french legionnaires, as well as soldiers from france. and the colonies were transferred to other wars. and the vietnamese you felt in the french army were abandoned one officer in the just on my route. most vietnamese, people don't say anything. they just looked at us where shamed is a cuba span. we'd have filter rights, the one of them said to me. so captain, you'll giving up on us. i said nothing. the, the settlers left the country and turned their backs and the lives they built there . the model calling the came to an end. some vietnamese civilians were evacuated to

france. quickly forgotten. they symbolize what franz wanted to conceal his defeat, the, in the end, several 100000 soldiers died and the indo china war most and the v in the east side, the number of civilian deaths is still unknown. estimates range from over 100-0028 1000000. the play can a greek tragedy. both sides lost the friends, wanted to maintain its colonial empire, but it collapsed. and this defeat sparks and uprising, and algeria the,

the admin had won the war and gained independence. but those living in the north now had to live under the yoke of a harsh regime. the, the americans replaced the french and the region. they were to make exactly the same. mistakes initiates an even greater blog bass, and suffer an even deeper trauma. the, the indo china war was followed by the vietnam war. the

human in the grip. oh, this is the new, this is a mystery. destruction. and what role does that play in the car? in the middle east conflict? we go into a jeremy through a country to close out in 30 minutes on d, w, the solar industry, new miracle minerals for off skype. more efficient are

easy to synthesize and easy to process how far off guide could revolutionize the solar energy market. and why it isn't ready just yet. they didn't tell me. in 19 minutes. on d, w, the crises, every single connection mapped out shows the geopolitical reality. the on the board is what makes things the way they are mapped out, navigating a changing world. now on youtube the,

this is dw news live, it's from berlin, israel pounds of southern living on with a fresh wave of air strikes. israel's military says it's hitting has full of targets in an extensive wave and strikes. and that's after has full of rockets reached tel aviv and central israel for the 1st time. also coming up volkswagen begins wage talks with the trade unions as your biggest car maker refuses to rule out in mass layoffs. and factory closures here in german, the .