so are under hurricane and tropical storm warnings. europe. today's coming up next doc film takes a look inside the indo china award. that's after a short break. and don't forget to spend 2 more using information on our website for me and the team here in britain. thanks for watching. take care the why do, how many does not get drunk? why do gravitational waves squeeze out bodies? how much do we need per day to stop comp claim for help. find the offices, get smaller on dw science out, take 10 of the between 19451954 friends. we used

a merciless war more than 9000 kilometers from paris. this devastating war was marked by bargaining and betrayal, idealism and disillusionment. it was a pass, so for freedom and subjugation, full of hope and pain. this war devastated a country costa, hundreds of thousands of human lives and initiated the collapse of the french colonial empire. it was a war with many facets, a colonial war, a war of independence and the cold war. a war that's been almost forgotten today, the

for more than 70 years, problems exploited into china, a colony which included cambodia allows in vietnam. after world war 2, the leader and funder of the communist, vietnam, in which he min declared, being the means independent war and sued the french army initially squared numerous victories. it was gradually overwhelmed by the guerrilla warfare wage by which humans b as in fighters. in 1949, the communist seized power in china, turning point out, the doom offered, which human, logistical, and military support the colonial war became a cold war conflict. although french public opinion was critical of this distant war, french leaders were intent of continuing the fight was to do that. paris urgently needed fresh impetus in 1951,

paris sent its most prestigious general to indo china world war 2 huge on deluxe to tiffany. as soon as he arrived the lot to summon his officers, i come to save you because you are the ones getting killed. no most surrendering from now on. you will be on the mike amount. the deluxe travel through into china, ordering dismissals, establishing new rules, as well as making adjustments among the trips deluxe to could top line budget ern him respect. the soldiers had one to the leader and they've got one but the, the admin were unimpressed by deluxe arrival. on the 25th of december 1950 general, and when jeff launched, a major offensive into the north of the country theme was to take her on

the equipped by china 5, the been divisions attacked quarterly fortified french defensive positions held by insufficient units. the situation was critical. as soon as he arrived, deluxe personally assumed command of operations, he sent all available troops into the battle, even requisitioning civilian aircraft to transport some units to the front. the soldiers had rarely traveled so well the, the general could also rely on new types of munitions supplied by the united states

. meet jelly gasoline, the spread death and panic among the enemy. the vm insights here goes and she recalled the plains dice and all hell breaks loose before my eyes and immense plain spreading for hundreds of meters. sewing to him right in the ranks of the competence, nay, palm fired. phoning from the sky. i'm in a flaming account. back in the meantime, we'd be deployed in vietnam for 3 decades. the

of the sea and body reported. flames run faster than the dance overtaking and engulfing hundreds. perhaps thousands of them . the deluxe didn't shy away from implying this terrifying weapon in the name of peace. he was not afraid of international criticism. and for good reason, the use of napalm by us forces in korea after the new reaction whatsoever. there is no such thing as a just war. the deluxe delta crushing to speak to the admin lost more than 8000 men in this battle . he also handed friends its 1st major victory since the war began. the

french soldiers have been given a boost. from that point on, the troops led by a prestigious leader were no longer fighting for the coldness. they believed they were also fighting for a free world. the deluxe met with the leaders of the countries of french indo. china came the don't see, a nuke of cambodia and specifying baton, a prime minister of laos. he wanted to assure them of friends to support and keep them out of the conflict. he made a public appearance, was followed by the vietnamese head of state to underline his support for him. the deluxe wanted to include the vietnamese and the fight against communism. he set about establishing a meeting to meet national army. tens of thousands signed up to fight alongside friends against the admin of 1949,

the force number 25000 and soon exceeded 830000 men trained and led by french officers. training is tough. what do you mean? do you need the muscles of steel to approach the enemy in some pricing, you put in any massive steel to lie and wait for the night with whom am i to take them down to sign? i mean, the right moment me to do needs coming out to ensure the days and nights of hard labor. and then the china was, or is it the finding animal can use, but you have to submit it yourself with a knife and you want to handle to get it so that you can surprise the enemy's count . calling with the sooner then crowned the in september 1951 deluxe flew to the united states. the war was costing from several 1000000000 frank today is a most the per suite,

the powerful united states to contribute to funds. the general managed to term the american media you have received at the white house by president truman. the. the mission was a success. washington bumped up at support considerably from then on it, which finance or 2 percent of the war a share that would increase over time, the deluxe gamble paid off. he managed to contain the v admitted and boost. the armies were on us showered him with dollars. a french supported v as a means national army entered the free. the

the deluxe kept a cool head. shap still had chinese course at his disposal. the french general warned they may be disasters in indo china, but there are no miracles. the general would not be there to witness either. diagnosed with cancer in november 1951. he returned to paris or he died 2 months later. ever since it began, the war was subject to constant flux about dies friends train via the muse national army. now confronted, which means people's army of vietnam the cold war had degenerated into a civil war. hundreds of thousands of people were torn apart on both sides. never

had the country being so divided the in the communist camp. a process of radicalization was underway. following the example of china, the movement was strengthening its grip on the population's under its control, which fell into line willingly or by force. the ministry of public security launched targeted repressive measures against undesirables to win the support of the peasant masses. an agrarian reform was adopted behind the propaganda images promoting the redistribution of land. a large scale occurred was taking place. any citizens suspected of disloyalty, was eliminated. the we can come to one

of the, at the muse man, said the peasants with cruelty and forced to denounce the crimes of landlords before the people's, quote, the quote had the power to pronounce death sentences, and the platoon counted up the executions on the spot in some places the condemned was stoned. a timed lift, the dies, thirst, and hunger for even buried alive. thousands died in the perch, tens of thousands of feet and these were sent to camps. many, never to return the the coldest, ignore this precious idle confrontation. they generally resided in the cities and no inside gone. they were still able to enjoy sunny days in the midst of the chaos,

the, the se, the most absolutely widely began to pack up. major companies, 1st and foremost, an illusion of tranquillity. soldier, all of them, man, land brooks. in his diary, the 20th century columbus is from henry. we only need the rug with our companies with ends in hand. it's clear proof that behind the front is nothing but emptiness . gloves, and incompetence. even if we win this war, we will have to leave indo china. a lucidity that political leaders lacked by 1953. france was in deep crisis. on the military front, the war was proving to be unwinnable, even with american aid. on the political front fall guy had failed to win over his

people intelligent but tactless. it seemed obvious that he was an idle leader in the service of the french. he had the suit, but like the substance, the political deadlock was evident the back and the homeland. the french were unhappy. the public, a growing, weary of chronically unstable government and the cost of the war. all the more so, when a new scandal was uncovered, an official expose the true extent of the illicit trade and asked was the currency of french into china. settlers and soldiers were pocketing the difference between the special and actual race of exchange. but they weren't the only ones. ministers, deputies and bankers were also involved, were still the investigation revealed. the vin took advantage of the system to buy

weapons on the international market. that was the final straw. the political and military crisis was becoming a crisis of confidence. the french didn't want to hear another word about this bloody war, which is ruining the country, and only benefiting the profit to yours. after 7 years of blame this in indecision, frances leaders finally understood that he had to negotiate that they wanted to do so. for a position of strength, the government placed that space and only lean of uh, a brilliant, arrogant general. can you? nothing of right indo china was chosen for that very reason to appraise the situation from a new perspective. the emission was to inflict such heavy losses on the enemies of france would be able to dictate the conditions during talks. name of the 17th prime minister since the outbreak of the conflict gave him

a single instruction. find an honorable way out. no har opted for an insignificant airbase used during world war 2 and located right in the middle of viet min territory. a low plain of 65 square kilometers, surrounded by mountains. bmw food navarre plan to set up a headquarters in the center for to find out post with email names with guarantee is protection. the general navarro was assisted by general, an economy the ambience who bass will be commanded by colonel christiane to custody . the november 1953, thousands of powdered troopers were dropped to take over the base and the

apart from a few injured person. now the operation went off without a hitch. the shortly afterwards, a runway was built. a steady stream of plains dropped off. the soldiers artillery and engineers, the motor space became a huge camp with trenches bunkers, even a field hospital, the

the, the one to, to construct a for middle base to lou or general job to launch a hasty attack. the, with some soldiers were not at ease with this idea. does he end up with that route? at the end in 10, it also is like a go to which comes with the pray, attracting developmental, i guess i don't really like the situation the listing of our didn't go to his plan for a moment for 70 years. the french at saltado the enemy. this time it was the enemy who had come to them, the

general jeff decided to take up the challenge. years of struggle had transformed the history teacher into a season strategist. he martialed his army in the jungle. the vin were ready to fight the a huge network of more than 200000 civilians transported supplies and equipment over a distance of almost 700 kilometers. but it was mainly chinese and soviet trucks that brought with ends and boot supplies close to the hills. of

the the in january 1954, the french wishes confidently for the assault. the base was ready. victory was beyond the camp leader could of the country even dropped leaflets to provoke general jeff, the general while you're waiting to stop this battle. don't you'll success. have you lost faith in the value of your generals and the enthusiasm of your troops? come on, i'm waiting for you. for general, jack kept a cool head. can you prefer to meticulously prepare for battle during this

a defeat to be devastating? and who came in had given him clear orders, dense fights unless you're sure you're going to win. otherwise refrain the time was on the vietnam inside 27000 tons of material were transported to the fax. those are the bicycles were also used in the operation alongside soviet trucks. osho bicycles had been exported on mass to viet nam since the 19 thirty's and jeff jo that the bicycle had been the most dislike of soldiers of battles,

the french were neither dead nor blind. thanks to their intelligent services, they knew what to expect. faced with the influx of the admin reinforcements, general navarre began to have doubts. he wrote to paris. doing, replied, still, the french general didn't back dire. the student almost 50000 via the me. spicer sits surrounded the 12000 soldiers of the french army. the walden, i used were being sharpens. the diplomats were keeping busy in geneva. the super powers prepared a high level conference on korea and the, and the appellate unnecessary on the bottle of the m. b into

came it just the right time was the vin and friends wanted to win, so that they could sit at the negotiating table as victors, the, on the 13th of march, 1954 jobs army was ready by 15 pm. all hell broke loose. the strong point, beatrice. 2.5 kilometers from the headquarters was overrun, whose commander was killed and radio communications severed

the hoover night the defense has collapsed. the admin artillery was more powerful than expected. concealed in hillsides ending caves. it was undetectable. on the 15th of march, it was post gabrielle was turned to fall general shop. you thought hey, to the french artillery didn't believe that the admin would be able to position their guns on the slopes. committed suicide after realizing his mistake, the pri, this is the 4 french battalions were out of action. the valley was being pounded with shelves. the fire power was supposed to be the trump card at the french,

but it was the vietnamese who had it the . the air feels defenses were quickly destroyed. aircraft no longer land. the only way to supply the base was through power shoot, drops the vin onto aircraft defense has prevented any accurate ear. drops the vin launched wave after wave of assaults. even if it been dying by the hundreds, the ultimate sacrifice for their country are simply to save themselves. the one of them said that he should find from the end he continues to follow. the only

way out is to charge forward with diet. if we stay down anyway, it was neat from shelters running at full speed towards the bottom line in front of the breach, the dead and wounded of finding out how far battalion is dead. a wounded the feast with fierce resistance from the french vin change tactics. every night fighters dug trenches in the direction of enemy positions the

via the me soldier reports that we were in searching the enemy on all sides. the galleries dug by our infantrymen was so close to the bob. while the french posts joined the trenches. the attackers overwhelmed the french forces and what remains of the bunkers, resistance continued. there were rumors that the americans would support the war efforts. the free world would hold out how to spend dispatched its chief of staff to washington. the price is chief of staff with president eisenhower and i know radford general paul a lee here for conferences on the indo china war to which the ref allocated 1w2cw dollars last year, chief topic of conversation. indo china is critical battle at the and jennifer

general elite called for the deployment of american bombers from the pacific fleet to safety and the into the but president dwight eisenhower and congress didn't agree to the request. the operation was never carried out the in the lowlands. the wounded lead, dying and couldn't be evacuated. soldier, lucy, and protect, for called, living in the dead mingling the mount. the s thinks nothing to eat. 20 hours of 9 minutes. my friend was cutting half by shell. it took 2 hours for him to dial the steel hospital. doctors had to select the men they could say. dr. kalonde

reported the complaints the screams, the coolest, the groans, the ringing of the telephone. all mixed with a den outside filled my ears and the police rates. my thoughts from that movements on i wasn't sure whether it was night today with rooms hungry up dusty, whether i was alive or a character from a nightmare. the odd as you thought you with it was great excitement to geneva miss redo idea. she wants me to was received by a friend, the crown, the father delays the home for the rest of the plate, and the old headquarters of the league of nations with the meats. when he left, the thing is i have a shadow and by the situation in html pool, that will be a chief underneath the result. do you like the range or no or $300.00 payment on this? wow. the shortly before the conference

opened us secretary of state john foster, dulles by his friends, come to part church to do without really thinking, he suggested deploying 2 atomic bombs. the french foreign minister objected the phone, which would inflict too many french casualties. i could plunge the world into an abyss. the indians, who was one of the most dangerous moments of the cold war, the photos continued. the final offensive began on the 1st of may 1954 hold up in a shelter because he was powerless from the 7th of me, the telephone general committee, their last conversation was recorded the

defending themselves tooth and nail, to hold out for as long as possible with what i have left my general in a group of you. all right, my friend could we save any ammunition? that's the problem. we've got nothing left, a $120.00 to a $150.00 pounds. all right, my friend. i'll talk and call you beforehand. did buy it as cheap to buy general the after $56.00 days of siege on the 7th of may. 1954 because the order to cease har, the bmw, into following the french soldier recalled

sudden sights still like always get the battle of d. n. b into ended in a catastrophic defeat. for france, the trap set to conquer the vin proved to be the french troops on doing the friend suffered more than $3500.00 dead and missing. on more than 10000 french soldiers were taken prisoner, the vietnamese also suffered more than 20000 dead and injured about where victorious french military leaders made several mistakes. the most faithful, they completely underestimate to the admin. the

french did not believe in the mid had the logistical capabilities to build up in the supply and offensive army of several, tens of thousands of men in the middle of the jungle, nor the strategic ability to defeat the french army in open battle. the engine eva, use that the dispute could not have come with a worst time. the indians who was supposed to give friends the upper hand and talks. but instead it was in a position of weakness. foreign minister george bid,

who, who is negotiating with the plate and i see on the root fronts, enters the negotiations with a tube tubs and a 3 of diamonds. the consequences of this disaster were also felt in france. the fall of the and trench camp brought down the 20th government of the 4th republic and propelled pm and as friends into the limelight. the he'd been advocating talk since 1950. his time had finally come from the 18th of june, 1954 pm. and as friends know, prime minister went to geneva to negotiate the dimensions we have been able to chief to come. we wanted to a chief executive, namely to restore peace in the east that fail. nobody else could you wave the mendez from to the french

national assembly that has really agreement wasn't reached within 30 days. he would resign as prime minister, the talk centered on a possible partition of vietnam and an immediate cease fire. whole parties were keen to push through their respective demands and exerted great pressure on from bond on the chief negotiator sent by who had she been on the 21st of july 1954 a few hours before the ultimatum was due to expire. and the agreement was finally reached at 3 20 pm, the money to us, your unit in a very sort of a sermon, the highly domestic. honestly, the general, the size of the documents ending in the morning. the anomaly cons leave is to talk on the who signed on behalf of the c a please. the reinforced fast to make the full

concession was made for these cuz they don't have enough time for the last of the 9th. 2000 french soldiers on said the tide in this way, because we don't have to be able to solve this. plus the mendez problem should real political courage. he enabled friends to withdraw from the conflict. now hey, isn't it that they no reason and piece of file? let's just remember to get the so unfortunately we don't have time because we've been wounded this week with a physically and so in that harness good. i don't need to express my feedback with me because i feel the same way. so they both a ceasefire was finally signed like germany, berlin, and korea. vietnam was temporarily divided into 2 zones on either side of the 17th power. allow northville to the admin. well, the service became a republic under american protection. the sovereignty of cambodia and laos was also

recognized the prisoners who'd been languishing in camps for several months for gradually exchanged of the $10000.00 french prisoners. the 3rd perished slots are committed by the v at mann, in defiance of international humanitarian law. the,

the the years after the war began, who came in had one is the porters were static, the term recalled cries of joy when jumping the fuse and on the hills red with blood. and then when they come, these young infantrymen will victorious house happy. well, the

hoot team indeed themselves a soviet sal parade for the victory k with the price of the population have gained independence. it was also burdened with new chains which even established the communist regime with close links to the soviet union and the people's republic of china, the in a mass exodus almost a 1000000 via the means fled to the side to the poverty and intolerance. the they gave up their possessions and left the country as quickly as they could.

noon french troops were also evacuated french legionnaires, as well as soldiers from france and the colonies were transferred to other wars and the vietnamese you felt in the french army were abandoned. one officer in the just on my route, most vietnamese people didn't say anything. they just looked at us where shamed. if a cube a span, we'd have full rights, the one of them said to me. so captain, you'll giving up on us. i said nothing. the, the settlers left the country and turned their backs on the lives they had built. there. the model calling he came to an end. some via the civilians were evacuated

to france, quickly forgotten. they symbolize what friends wanted to conceal his defeat, the in the end several 100000 soldiers died and the indo china war most and the vietnamese site, the number of civilian deaths is still unknown. estimates range from over 100000. to a 1000000, the lady can a greek tragedy. both sides lost the friends wanted to maintain its colonial empire, but it collapsed and its defeat sparks and uprising. and algeria the,

the admin had won the war and gained independence. but those living in the north now had to live under the yoke of a harsh regime. the, the americans replaced the french in the region. they were to make exactly the same . mistakes initiates an even greater blog bass, and suffer an even deeper trauma. the, the indo china war was followed by the vietnam war. the

enter the conflict zone with sim sebastian. as the warring ukraine brings ever more death and destruction. key european officials fail. moscow is now preparing for contact with the west. i guess this week goes along with that view. these cars are roofing, heads of his phone using television service, but you still believes russia to lose conflict in 30 minutes on the w. yeah, i actually hate my body. no. yeah. promises of beauty. you know,

the happiness that affordable price is this is how turkish clinics attract customers from around the world. but medical malpractice is wide spread. sorry for that for me is victims and their relatives are demanding accountability. focus on europe. and 19 minutes on d w. the version now understand can have a site like provide just presented. do you have any news on instagram and you know, follow up the

. this is dw use line from berlin, desperate calls for a cease fire between israel and has been a multiple countries pushed for a 21 day hole to fighting. as israel hits the lebanese capital with air strikes, israel says it will continue fighting at full force and is preparing for a crime to solve. also coming up, new cranes, valona mirrors the lives p. readies is ready to present his so called victory plan . at the white house to us as a 9 store most $8000000000.00 and military 8 and new clyde bonds book, which i have permission to fire deep into russia. i've cleared up.