the, the, this shadows, these pop costs and video shed lights on the dog is devastating. colonial har is infected by germany across up, and he employed to score suppose good farms and destroy lives. what is the legacy of this wide spread racist depression today? history? we need to talk about here, the stories,

shadows of german colonialism. no joke, but this face is a serious issue with what's what's a, here's change the cause of the war. started fights with neighboring countries and dominates the cities political agenda. and yet, this country is a role model. single, forgot it, right? as simple as that, this is how sing apple is transforming if so from one of the most what a stress countries in the world to self sufficiency from what rex to which is the a welcome to singapore vibrant multicultural city state right on the equator, densely populated around 6000000 people live on this tiny on and it's an international helpful trade in finance. it's clean, safe, more than wealthy queen. basically it has a lot of everything you'd want this just that one think cigna pool has no natural,

fresh water resources. and the way its economy and population are growing. total water demand could almost doubled by 2060, but the thing up was on it. none of what they've done is magic. that's peter of like, he's an award winning what the expert he put the single pull success down to what he calls the soft pass approach to their problems. so the solid path for water is in contrast to what we have done over the last century and more, more than a century. but the hard path to build hard infrastructure to take more and more water out of nature, to ignore the consequences of our water policies for nature, to build narrow institutions and the soft path tries to turn that around and say, let's use water efficiently and carefully. let's stop wasting water. let's look at new sources of supply. to understand how single pole can pull this off, you 1st need to understand where that coming from. the single floor of

what this story starts with world war 2. that's don't judge the guy for water at the united nations. singaporeans would argue that the story goes back a lot longer. but 1942 is certainly when the issue rep there was attention. that's when and i, troops, namely british australian and indian falls as well. the best thing specialists depend on single island, which at the time was a british colony. the dns depended on input water, which was a bit of a problem with japanese forces blew up the pipes transporting. that's water. the rich, the connex, malaysia, and singapore was bones. the result was lack of water in the city. a terrible episode of water scar city via has lost the battle of singapore. but after japan's overall surrender, the island remained in british. hence, it took more than 20 years until it became fully independent. but politically ration didn't precinct a pull from its water, chris, that's what the reckoning,

catastrophic sanitation and regular flats continued with its fate now and its own hands. seeing a pool begin planning for the long term scene. i took the father to spend almost 3 decades researching what the policy and innovations around the world, and it's best to busing, a post pass. she never gave me the dates that they're going to be watching the been as well as for the band and energy independence. but they are going to have she stance up kinds of things as tracy. that was in 1965 for 2016. the initial master plan was fine tuned over the years into a water strategy, which they call the full national taps. first, what the impulse, a 2nd diesel, the nation, that local catchment and forth something they call new water. let's dive into it. firstly, single put new, there was plenty of water rights. 2 deals to input water from malaysia in the

sixty's. got the types running again. it's cheapened. millions of fleet is pumped over the boat every day, but buying have a fuel water from your neighbor, isn't sustainable long term. on the country from the stock malaysia, i made threats to cut off the supply and argued over its price. the tensions have even left 2 warnings of a military conflict. single pollutants know that weak spot, so they want to stop importing water by 2061. so it's all more important that the other 3 types become more than a drop in the ocean. water planning is very important because they have sold it to water. they must single there must make sure that this was use the licensee. and the objective of this master plan is to make the most out of every single drop of water. these means keeping rivers and drains clean, investing billions, starting to collect to mobile, to cleaning it, and to use what the island state singapore already has. for example, this,

the ocean of the celebration, you sell a nation, do sell a nation. you fix that and drinkable salt water, you remove the sold, and you have unlimited supply of fresh water. do you remember? we had an entire video about obtaining fresh water authority, southern nation. it's use it a number of extremely dry places around the world and is a real game changer for some membrane diesel. the nation use this bridge? saltwater colored in grad for clarity suppressed. it's one membrane that is only partially permeable, fresh water, compressed through color and blue. but the sol disrupt on the other side. single, really push to advance this technology, this underground facility, for example, the state of the arts. normally it treats use water in terms of the drought. it diesel in nancy water on top. people use it as a park today, 5 to southern nation plans provide up to 25 percent of the entire islands water supply. single floor plans to increase this capacity to meet 30 percent of its

needs in 2016 by which time warranty was expected to have doubled. but that's no way near self sufficiency. so what's next? bengal, right. a lot of it and seeing is a master of mixing that out to a 3rd of the entire state surfaces use for rainwater catchment. basically the water falls on the roof. uh and then uh it goes through um, drains. uh uh, and then uh you make sure that sir is little, uh, water leaks from the uh, from the drains and is uh, is captured in by the drainage system and, and from fades to reservoirs where it can be stored then and treated for further use. an extensive network of rivers, canals and drains channels. the water into 17 was of was the biggest is more we never us with an area of 10000 texas. it was back fresh water from flowing into the

ocean and helps to control frequent floods. so does this underground tank that catches flood walton extreme cases when the drain spill over. even this war that could potentially be treated and reused by 2060, the government wants to use 90 percent of the atlanta area for rank catchment. catching rain water is one thing. what's, what about the water already in circulation? o drainage wilderness is collected and, and treated and reused as much as possible. most countries they do not invest, not even a fraction of what a single pores invest in the water authority is billed the 206 kilometers, 2 inch pipe highway, costing $10000000000.00 that guides the city sewage into state of the reclamation and cleaning facilities okay, seeing a post by some as the 5th, which is country in the world. so it kind of faults especially like that. it's also

a lot easier to push through such projects when you have to sort of control democracy, run by the same party that single plants had since independence in 1965. anyway, the entire series on the ground is basically one big sewer network. but the pride of single pool is water strategy is what happens after collecting the water the treatment deal 30 call it new water is produced by microphone ration versus most us into v radiation. some of that water is so high quality, singapore is using it in their chip manufacturing industry, which requires all for pure water, which has an indication of how good a quality of that water is. did you know that around the world? half of all waste water is released untreated, and only 11 percent is actually reused in singapore. about 30 percent of the entire drinkable and non drinkable demand can be met by recycling use water. and they want

to increase that to 55 percent, but 2060 most of it is used by industry. only a fraction of it is mixed into the drinking water supply. because we also squeamish it's controversial because we're taking waste water, which, you know, we goes down our drains, we flush or down our toilets industry dumps waste water. and we typically think of that as of a liability is something to get rid of. so how do we get people on board and using the flesh save assistant bag and save with every flush, make saving what to pay? reduce water consumption, save up to 10 liters of water per dollar. nationwide campaigns encourage people to install what the saving fittings at nicely if you install those fittings who get the discount vouchers for other sustainable products. just to what time the district each households, water consumption and detect leaks and pipes, that's all single pull comes down to an incredible 5 percent. what are those from leaks? which is 1st class globally, the average is estimated to be 30 percent. what they've done incredibly well in my

opinion, is on the side of water education. they've educated their community about their water situation about their water challenges and about the solutions that they've chosen to put as good as simple as doing. it has the big advantages of other countries besides being rich and the tightly controlled society. the city only has a tiny agricultural sector and can focus almost entirely on oven and industrial wastewater. so they have one problem less as food production fluids and consumes enormous amounts of fresh water in many parts of the woods. despite that, they've shown a lot as possible in the way in the world we, we stop. i, i've been talking, i was watching when we was here with management. how can it be improved? how would be involved? how can we pay for it? they surveys it but, but kind of we, but punishing the police not using the police. how is she that we're going to do?

she said, i really found perspectives for watching the fees that they were big fast. so wednesday said she still hasn't, they can do this things happening. so to sum up, incentivizing low cost, both a saving for things could be easy for every government to implement the sell. the nation is only an option for coastal regions and it requires a lot of energy of dirty fossil fuels, single as catchment treatment and purification facilities. our world class as the result of a lot of investment in innovation and research. but it turns out that a dollar invested in efficiency improvement is much more productive than a dollar invested in new supply. reusing waste won't. that seems a no brainer. it's safe and tested to work and the tech is available. this is really important to us to find the best solutions to, to every countries at providence, but also long term planning a single bore from,

from all the way from, from independence as being planning is way through. what are security? a single port is extremely high on the political agenda all the way up to the, to the prime minister is something which is mainstreamed in each. and every policy adopted and implemented by um, by the country. seeing if it was blazing a training and testing some of the what's biggest about the challenges in the face of climate change. it's not just about money, but also about decision making. policy and long term planning. some of the ingredients with which any region could make it from water racks to riches. the action drama and special effects offered him so makers are becoming more innovative

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