to man thing the relative to the cold war, secrets of nuclear bug cuz of the former each aspect. get the power to kicks in the south china sea. why ships are here? what this is supposed to mean the hoss of the global conflict of to decades of chinese extension is in the nation is resisting with this in the course of a powerful ally in china. on september 20th the secret buildings hidden in the forest of east germany. bunker was actually

discovered to have i chose for them really. so the fear of nuclear catastrophe as to so i press the lunch button for the nuclear miss out. i'm we're all dead. put these bunkers have offered real protection in a disaster. the question is, what kind of world would you step out into the, the ged, yours secret, underground world of nuclear bunkers and shelter from stores and brandon board. at 1st glance everything looks pretty and remarkable. but behind these wall slice a ghost town, one store was once the headquarters of the soviet armed forces and the g. d. r. the forbidden town was a restricted area for 50 years. even today,

parts of the toner still cordoned off. there's a risk that the old ammunition that's still lying around might explode. so if you're around them off or has access to offers, chided towards here in the g d r ero, she worked for state television. after germany's reunification, she discovered 10 buildings here, the leak. they've been there for almost 18 years of just like b as he was in the building such as this concrete colossus, the zepplin bunker is part of a huge bumper complex, located in the middle of the forest. it's also part of the forbidden city, a descent into the secret underground world of associates. so a good fit for you in new york on seeing what informed the is this guy. so now we have to put on the jacket because it's cold in the bunker. 9 degrees, summer and winter. so now we have a 2 and a half tons tool tool tool. the

during the cold war, the headquarters of the high command of the soviet armed forces in germany was housed here. parts of the building were used by the soviet army as an intelligent center. the complex states, back to the non sierra. at the end of the 1950s, the soviets began converting the bunker. they designed it to withstand a nuclear attack, the almost 15000 square meters inside. it was one of the largest intelligence bunkers in the world. the orders for soviets, soldiers stationed in the g d. r. originated from here called messages to most out

were sent by of this facility. the nazis had also used to the building as an intelligence bunker. during the 2nd world war, they coordinated all rates from here. this phone book ups us asked to close was this done with him to the 1st major south dining office in germany of 2 they had access to 10000 lines a day for the thomas district. upsets the bunker consists of several floors, each up to one and a half football fields in size after the 2nd world war. the soviets initially tried to blow up the bunker as a hole in the ceiling of tests. but the attempt failed. the ceiling consists of 30 centimeters, 6 concrete form, work 3 meters of reinforced concrete. 2 and a half meters of gravel and an 80 centimeter thick layer of concrete rubble. above this lie another 2 meters of gravel and 8 to 10 meters of forest floor to somebody

and see what was on cold. that's what we have here at the heads. now, by the standards of the time it was done prove the but it also acts as a faraday cage. you would have noticed that something you can't do here, namely make phone calls. in addition to the zip wind bunker, the national socialists also left behind other buildings here covering an area of some 59 hector's. among the buildings or the remains of what looks like country houses in reality, fair camouflaged staff vulgar from the not sierra. the settlements cover name my boss at the time when store f was the headquarters of the nazi military's high command and the verma. the movements of some 17000000 german soldiers were controlled from here. orders to all german fronts were sent from these bunkers.

the this is of my host of device. this is, has a 3 all of our enemies east 20. this is where the broad outlines of operation bopper us up at the time to invade the soviet union. it was locked down on months at the end of 1941, the very most was outside moscow. but the operation felt by the spring of 1945, a depleted germany could no longer oppose the allies. soviet armed forces advance from the east. the red army reached one store for a short time. later, germany was defeated. the bunkers fell into the hands of the red army. the allies agreed to blow up not see military infrastructure

and they just signed it in december. 45 is putting on the facilities should be destroyed in order for gemini, so that will could never again break out from german soils getting con, sold today. strict security precautions must be taken in order to enter the ruins. so about that it's very fragile and as you can see, and it's only a question of time and how that wouldn't help. and then if the cable goes or another, or within the walls here would slide away $200.00 monthly. that's why it's supposed to stay out of here as much as possible. the soviet attempts to raise the bunkers failed. soon it became clear that destroying the entire facility would be impossible. of the d 6. and then the success tools up here or what 80 sent to me to stick at the time. the absolute biggest though down to was

1.2 me to state. of course, after the war explosives were not available in the quantities that would have been needed. you have to understand that the war was over and they use the left over explosives. they had, they also use leftovers for munition factories in order to have what was needed to raise these houses. i'm fine sort of 1945 europe lee and ruins. after the war, germany was divided into 4 occupations of the founding of the g. d r. a 1949 march, the beginning of an experiment for the people in the east, the construction of a socialist society. nevertheless, i would also say yes, it was a dictatorship, even because there were no possibilities. politically, it's hard to express one's self differently was on the ruling party wanted or a layered lawyer just to get us the after it was found it

the ged, or was ruled by a single party, the socialist community party of germany, or a c d. soviet military units were stationed throughout the soviet union, satellite state, including invalid stuff, and 1953. the soviet set up their german headquarters here in the military terms, that's 5 armies score demand per fluctuates at the after 1990 the remainder 535-0000 armed man who was highly equipped with modern equipment flocks. if that was the most powerful unit of the soviet army ever, well, the soviet armies yield awesome storm hearing western spot you for ged or citizens . it was a forbidden town. to see the bill. we may ask

a board nice as of 12 for pigeon simply means you couldn't get in on the mobile. anyone who scrolled around the wall like the site, was basically seen a suspicious disease for dish dish up to 70000 military personnel were stationed here. it was the largest garrison outside the soviet union. soviet army, barracks and arsenals were being built everywhere in the g. d r. at over 1100 locations, the troops were on constant alerts. in an emergency, they were to attack the western lights. nita, the, the soviet army also built its own shelters and the g d. r. this type of underground structure was also built in phones, stuff. they were very different from the massive bunkers, the very much to meet in the process highway. we jokingly call it the ikea bunker

because it's made of lightweight components. you can see it so connected together like ikea, things that it can be assembled and disassembled all 4 feet off falling. in 1994, the soviets withdrew from ven, stores and the military town became accessible. the next bunker, however, is still top secret and not open to the public. the stuff on foot now knows where to find it. the author has exclusive access to this area. one of the places where the soviets left their mark. during the cold war, the site was closed to gigi, our citizens. for the 1st time, the film crew is allowed to shoot here for hills rising up in an inc, and us patch of forest putting there is looking for traces of nuclear weapons the the lamp, the lamp,

the he discovers the 1st clue you assume yours, america is on the calendar associates for of the opinion that they have to protect the nuclear whites from mice, road and some boom. and so that's why that has to be a mock somewhere. and if we storage room in every punk or the mouse trap was located inside of the mouse hole that could be called if it's not nibble on the nuclear, we'll have a mouse traps. sounds completely knowledge. so was property rentals. you should actually be able to find a mouse truck market, and if we storage on cost of a mazda front of it, we're soviet nuclear weapons stored on the territory of the former g d r. in 1961, the state closed its borders with the wall separating east and west. the german

german border increasingly became the front line. in the conflict between nato and the eastern block alliance to warsaw pact, the fear of nuclear war spread. in 1949, the soviet union detonated its 1st atomic fund 4 years after the 1st atomic bomb tested by the united states. the super powers continued to arm themselves on diamonds and secret disease. and so the madness of the nuclear arms race develop either both sides continue to expand the nuclear arsenals and was soon able to threaten each other with mutual annihilation. including, for example, the federal republic and the g, t o l. by because these 2 states where the interest face of this conflict and a nuclear, what has been full directory that meant the federal republic, including the territory of today's federal republic. the what is become

a new k of battlefield to catch that type of tens of thousands of nuclear warheads faced off against each other in the cold war . were nuclear weapons also stored in this facility near continues to search for clues. in addition to this one, there's 3 other bunkers on the site. in 1979, a soviet desert are told western secret services about a previously on no nuclear weapons site and took out. based on this, put in our concludes that there must have been other nuclear weapons on eastern soil. as an item, the bunk is an old german munition storage facilities when nuclear weapons could be stored. that created quite a sensational areas. the

for nato, however, it was a shock. they hadn't expected nuclear weapons to be so close to the inner german border. dd, our citizens had no idea either. the photo was listed as news. the population didn't know exactly how many nuclear weapons were located here, let alone what they were capable of. the respective recognizance services of the armies didn't knew, but not the full extent, which was also a potential cause of danger ins as to the fear of nuclear war was on the present. a nuclear attack from the east would have devastating consequences. so these are tied guys off the top team to that time to jump to this mess of retaliation. you still apply to the i'm so any attack by the soviet union would have been met at the message net, to your retaliatory strike by the usa. mutually several times this was quotes because each of the mutually assured destruction is this. chris is abbreviated to man. that's exactly what it was. also inclusive. in the next bunker,

putting there finds another slip in sick us layers of paint on the floor. that says, we'll get some good. so that means it seems to have that on the what sometimes, you know, to initialize it is this guy missed has expired, associates laughed. well, the russians laughed and you know, they wanted to keep the secret for themselves. so they painted over always the lines, everything there is and what and now we have a red flow here with white lines on it. and they feel they could simply cover up these lines with green paint. of course that didn't work and i think it's up to 30 years, you can just scratch it off as a shot. so many of the that won't cost you to try to get so much fun. i just have to have a look the, the, the white lines seem to indicate where soldiers should push the nuclear warheads in the event for the russians were probably trying to cover their tracks with paint

the shy stuff else. i guess what i'm putting an end to that part of the language, but nobody would find out like how this works. but i've got it now. you can still see it and i can still get to the bottom of it just kind of now the secret has been revealed quite easily using a wire brush. historians suspect that the short range missiles, luna m and touch caught were stored here in soviet times. the warheads were kept him containers in the course of his research book. nurses he discovered suspicious markets by accident this comprehensive test devonne. i'm just the i'm for so i have the flashlights and it was on. and then it just found found my thoughts and in the shipper field, these groups might, by the wheels at the bowl head containers to go. so that was pretty much a pure coincidence at all. as far as a matter of really going by,

not so far you this soviet containers stood here with nuclear warheads like these. this is sufficient on the way, and it's actually a kind of a puzzle. fund full identical monks that indicate there was a transport called standing that to the wall head container one. metaphysical 20 another fund. how many containers could there? vin, one y 2344. who wants to determine the number based on the groups was 56678. the reason to accounts 16 nuclear warhead containers and the storage bunker. there are a total of 4 such about crews on the site. information that the soviets apparently wanted to destroy. but the

traces for me, good. near discoveries masonry work between the bunkers, the platforms could have served as loading ramps for the warheads. the gauge, lots in union, and can we see black and yellow lines and the launch format? this is, these are the yellow and black warning markets for the truck driver need to make sure they don't drive the wrong way. i think most everything beautifully about lucky. i think they are the biggest yellow and black lines i've ever seen. that's what's invest simply month stresses and i from once twice in the event of war, the soldiers would have had to roll. the war had containers quickly to the loading rooms. these are still a, it's a, these are conceptual. does of this here is the actual run with a go ahead. so then rode on the come out of the bunk has to move the host points around here. she, they've been pushed one to one and a half tons along the top and along with them backwards onto the truck as well. and

that's basically and it could well be done in a minute. however, i'm pushing one to 2 tons up this slope here. perhaps not quite level ground as you actually need 4 to 6, which is 1000 officers for a bit of momentum. and someone who gives the right come on, stick out of the in time here. and i will talk about in today. the russian army is still soft filing nuclear weapons. they use the same technology just like back then . these weapons are aimed at the west and they're ready for use at any time. during the cold war. it wasn't just the general populace who feared nuclear war. the political leadership of the ged, or did to the bees in top, some 50 kilometers from berlin. a construction company opens the entrance to an underground world. exclusively for our film, kurt, the an important judy or

bunker is hidden here. the hunts you're going to have good news it inside out. the bunker expert has studied the building extensively, double view and tried to defend the same. yeah. here in the cartridge, in my life where we all the time. we can see it here at the back. if we walking slowly towards it, is the form a command post of the ministry of state security this minute. this is where america would have sat in the event of was antique silent music. it gives us move. there is mucous head of the east german ministry for state security, or shed isaac for short stars. he was the secret service and secret police of the g, d. r. it spied on and persecuted, citizens, a consider to be disloyal. its methods included surveillance, intimidation,

and imprisonment styles. these thoughts self as the shield and sort of the party the this bunker was intended to protect the styles, the chief from threats such as from a text by nuclear weapons. the ceiling is made of reinforced concrete. a floating shatter layer lies above the protective core ceiling. it was designed to withstand even concrete breaking bonds, leading with up to 250 kilograms of explosives. in addition to meal 160000 employees would have had refuge here. the bunker cruise sleeping quarters, cramped, small spartan and cheese minor to i'll have to back into the computer of cos. you can also see that the pets are suspended so they can swing in. and this of the purpose of phone went that some nations took place outside the generating pressure

waves the bunk of holes fixed. that would keep everything from folding. all of this was cushioned by suspension up to 4. so you would sleep in this way. ok that's that's i think if there had been a destination outside, nobody would have been asleep and call them up to him. give them the account on microsoft. the, the bunker was built between 1984 in 1988. it was outfitted with automatic fire alarm and extinguishing systems. the building cost 120000000 east german marks the or i don't give a feeling, so we are now here in the heart of the bunker. hill as of as it hits mount. yes. so if you want to feel like

a minister for state security in the g d, all of them, you can take a seat in that chair and give orders and in spite and also order to feel tired. and on this wall hung strategic maps to track and then the movements and the event to for meal in the center to the left and right. his closest advisors in the event of war, the shot the leadership would have continued to operate from this well protected command. center, hunting down opponents of the system and the enemy spies you're getting savage column and shy this was really about making decisions on how an entire institutional complex can be managed to more time. and that requires decision makers items. and of course, they have to be protected. if the dad is going to do the walk,

the armoire 2 more for me again, here we have to bring women would have lived in the event of bull in the bunker. perhaps lived should be put in quotation marks, but it was definitely the largest accommodation unit here in the bunker cover. i know it's the, i'm going got law jones been done on municipal administer of state security. sits in the bunker in the event of war. it does serve a purpose to own so the state can function that's really also taken to the extreme . this isolation also offers a chance of survival even strong to protect himself from bombing rates from all kinds of things. and of course, he was also fed there that was a privilege artist as the privilege of them for a symbol secretary on an empty room probably for his secretary. and this was probably his private print with a tiled shower and toilet. we have it in here. it's still in perfect order, so i'll try this. and also, as i said, i told the m,

the boss from was specially equipped to the minister felt at least somewhat comfortable. yeah, let me start here. i'll finish that. i need a mazda vehicle was already interested, found stage on the multi was good while that's trying to make it comfortable and to mine size, nothing more time. for those moments it was discussed in the event of a nuclear war, state leaders would be protected. there was no comfortable protection for the population, but won't put in a tech with nuclear weapons have looked like the there are 2 types of nuclear weapons, which so called strategic nuclear weapons. the super powers could have fired at each other from a distance. and with great explosive force, tactical nuclear weapons on the other hand, would have been used on the battlefield and would have caused less destruction.

then on dropping strategic nuclear poems or mass of tactical nuclear bones would have led to the radioactive contamination of entire regions and couldn't possibly have contaminated the globe. and that in which case they would no longer be any normal life left out today. and in the event of a nuclear attack, the bunker crew and bees and talk should have been able to survive under ground. for nearly 2 weeks, the dick went down cause odd. that's the basic idea, was that off to these 2 weeks, the radioactivity would have decreased to such an extent that it would have been possible lead shelton, at least temporarily. of course, the question is, what kind of world would you step out into

the styles, the chief would have had a good chance of survival in his bunker for what about his family and his comrades? [000:00:00;00] the a settlement in the middle of the 4th half an hour from berlin. the political lead to the g. d. r. lived in bonds with, with their families isolated privileged the lunches. so i showed it to, you could almost see the bundle. it was a closed off government get to the us and the had always these rumors just saw it was the same that you yard and people imagined the most amazing palaces here, loading of us, golden faucets and so on. it wasn't quite like that about, but compared to the normal standard of living of that you do your population that it was much better best. there were stores with a very good range of food names because the infrastructure was good. prove of the

buildings were solidly built to cabal, or a peaceful, partic, swimming pools, and so on it and want to. it was a very comfortable lifestyle. the come for tablet even steer secret access to rooms without much comfort. the politicians, families were supposed to seek refuge in these bunkers, in case of emergency. but unlike the meal could bugger, these offered little protection from bomb attacks give on, given its phase to, to say with $0.12 me to stick. now anyone ever said the bill to share the home can imagine 12 centimeters. it's basically one break in the documents of the ministry for state security. this bunker is disguised as a fruit and vegetable seller the bob explanation.

that's all it was. of course, as you can imagine, even in the 2nd world, hong kong, so people who are in the sellers were also a bit on the ground. but when a real bomb hit that was usually in the bunker was built in the strictest secrecy and devoured huge sums of money. the dividing, i mean, every 2nd cement, went into a minute trip, checked in the g d on whether it was a bunkerville barracks and so on. was missing and housing in industrial construction, the bottom line, he's on the phone good enough to in don't on the holding to the documents of a found this bunker alone costs around 3000000 in 1970 and the g d. all that was a lot of money is a huge amounts of money is for rent it to be little protection to connect to really unfair to. so if a fire breaks out into bunker like this one,

heavy smoke develops that can't escape you have an emergency exit fact here. in the event of fire, the occupants have to escape using this ladder. yeah, you can see how high up and the guy says people to gets out so close come portion. you have to imagine, well the people in there are going through and isn't that they can't see the daylight last one. you only have to time when you'll risk function to the cramped condition is the fusion's, the noise that allows a tremendous psychological strain. and we go to the last on the, the g, d r head several categories of shelters, from nuclear proof bunkers to shelters. and simple sellers, the, this wouldn't be any more stretching fine in the big cities drakes on,

especially in berlin, for from any pre fabricated. g d o buildings have reinforced basements that were built as a right shelters. so something was done for civil protection patrol. could we just have done those guys? would it have been enough in the event of law, some of which and they didn't have to test. and listen. according to judy or documents, there were only enough shelters for a small part of the population. these would have also been effective in the event of a nuclear attack. for the styles, the, on the other hand, there was enough money for technically sophisticated protection offered your life to younger blout protested against the dictatorship in her youth. today she wants to educate people about the history of the g, d r. she takes us to a garden colony during the ged our era, this place was

a subject of secrecy. such a high time ministry full state security increase as an additional security zone. here with the radius of one kilometer and this soon was monitored by the stalls, the of 90 percent of the time people that you knew about every resident in this area would have been evacuated in an emergency in utah. and the pretty houses were mainly for camouflage muncie tied around to see today that some of these decorative elements have been preserved. there's wagon wheels that are on the facade. will that be or is decoration. it was decorated with flour books, the cousins hanging from the windows and all looked very cute and peaceful clicks on his own. the site was built between 1968 in 1972 in the loop should so tie, so recreation area disguised as

a vacation resort. of the state owned waterworks, the site was meant to look inconspicuous or nothing about in touch as long as those were deliberately built, very close to one of the out to fences so that they could be seen from the other side easily. and the goal was to make it look like this was a company owned vacation results between i can if i and i'm not gonna go somewhere else, have been preserved along with a kennel and a dog run in front of warehouse. does this jesus does this video table runs along the window at the front of the hole. it's been setup exactly the same way on the other side. and so 2 dogs with monitoring the window diarrhea and give us i'm pens, supervisor of the bottom. but what was being guarded here just as a non dejesus stalls, the cold, this whole,

the legend toll the whole kind of flowers the bunk because from the outside it was supposed to look like an ordinary industrial and storage tool and it did. but in reality, the funk entrances with low chases. here the staircases are closed with the sources . that is with panels, but they can also be opened, which is what i'm doing now is just the, the warehouse hides this dicey bunker, measuring almost 4000 square meters. after reunification the bunker was discovered as calm done. so i lock, then there was an inspection with the public prosecutor's office. yeah, so it was just by tom's let, this bunker was discovered here at this time. no one could have imagined that this policy would still have bunkers like this. and working order has

the gd, or consisted of 15 districts, each had its own just as a unit. with over 4000 employees, the secret service network spent the entire country. the study was on the present stuff and liza spencer's team with us all guns. there was a huge system of farmers and the it was also set up so that the normal population lived in that kind of diffuse purity is my colleague at work. someone who works for state security jobs is what i tell them here during the snack rate. the worst in dire or somebody passed on to someone from the state security im will i get into trouble after work to get into a property in the event of war, 120 shows the employees from the live sick district and 2 officers from the soviet secret service, the key to be worked down here in the us behind this role, the must have to weighing 600 kilos of the envelopes in front of the bunker. and we

go through the an oxide. the facility was supposed to be nuclear safe for the crew for 60 so now we're going inside the bunk. if the bunker is fully occupied due to an emergency sufficient oxygen must be available. yeah, that's the diesel, every generation devices. they come from russian submarine technology is the bunk. i have been occupied by 100000 employees. the oxygen would have renounced at some point. and in order to be able to use the function itself sufficiently for at least 6 days, these regeneration devices were also installed here. deep well secure the water supply. if the power fails temporarily, batteries, takeover. however, if it fails for several hours, the ventilation system stops working. but provision has been made for this of equity to

the sun had been someone would have had to step in literally and that's this replacement time would have been activated the stalls. he actually went so far in the funding that even the working hours with fixed who was to peddle and for how long and when they would take a break. it was decided that a paramedic could also be stationed in this ventilation area. so that even the fitness of the bicyclist could be controlled in moments of precisely when you have to move alaska. in the event of a nuclear attack, the bunker would it be sealed off as protection against radioactive radiation. but how long would the outside world remain contaminated? the just kind of splitting that one tiger question about it could take hours, days, weeks, or even months. again, depending on the size of the weapon using contact at home and they radiate everything,

they come into contact with single boy match the objects in buildings. i thought also food and water. and this radiation has a very destructive effect on people via fish dollars. the to prevent radiation from the contaminated environment from entering the bunker waste and waste water would have to be stored here the one of the scan. this hospitalization would also have men saving, drinking and all the time. then they wouldn't have been allowed to use these normal toilet. that's why you can still see these emergency toilets in some places instead of these are the most toilet. and just in the, when the buckets were full, the contents would be emptied into plastic bags. the bags would be sealed, the sleeping facilities were also not very comfortable. the staff would have to sleep stacked up in camp beds at bus calling for top uh there was the little more

comfortable in the area for the higher ups when the area for the like $6.00, the chief, the head of the district administration. lieutenant general. how much he was supposed to move into courses back here. this would have been his office, his advisor and his secretary were also say to, to be here. and he was supposed to be able to continue his management activities down here. even in the event of whole process because the district study had, would have also had more privileged living quarters in an emergency. can you go by this area as well? so the only one way you can still see an antenna socket. he would have been the only one who could have watch television have has in child from the stalls. the system should continue to function in the event of war. this included spying on the population. the full extent of serv. ellen's by the secret

police only became clear after the fall of the wall to go behind start. everyone certainly sends and suspected wants us to veil and stay. so it was. but the real dimensions were not really clear to any want to touch. this was the man who in the event of war, the styles, the bunker and my friend, was to be used to continue the surveillance and di solution of enemies of the state does highest as exploration and spending on contain an emergency. in the event of a conflict, the state security service would make use of the list. here they would record the names of people who they said were critical of the state, which is can people be considered a threat for one's individual the english to coordinate the deportation of these people in order to be able to arrest all opponents of the regime. sports holes and stadiums would also be made available for detention down the internment. and our installation comes with even has been set up in order to be able to send

a large group of people to come in search and live up to france. since the fall of the berlin wall into the collapse of the soviet union, the g d. r is history into the bunker as have also lost their original purpose. but they still bear witness to the madness of the arms race and to the fear of a nuclear apocalypse. to this day, the building serve as memorials to the terrors of nuclear war, the

view the be we all happy that we are boxing the story. we have a getting a visa is more difficult than finding gold hosted to use that for sure. yeah. and for the future in the stories and issues that are being discussed across the country. news africa in 30 minutes on the w and the phone that we speak of. and then what about the point 6 times more likely to have a voice in loving functions as compared to mid air pollution? the biggest health problems for everyone working outdoors in denny bus or ran, this is increasing and there is now a drive for more protection and less pollution logo in 90 minutes on dw

the, the front lines under the watchful eyes of russian will far as he's just in the 1st years of war in ukraine, john and as shown blank and reports from the russian occupied vast regions it, there's to do what else to do was to stop by with murder and you've got another thing you probably ran just has a wild usually to next festival to west and media. a closer look as a matter of attrition. ukraine's whole, the other side starts october 26th on dw the

the . this is dw news life from budding. israel launches bowls and that doesn't as strikes against 11 on capital deputies or far to say 9 people. a dad after nissan struck in apartment blocks in central bank route and others tockets and sell them. they've been on the israel destroys what it says is, has the loss intelligence headquarters also in the program. nato is new. secretary general is a key of on his 1st trip in the role model, look to assess, he wants to make it crystal clear where they align, stands on supporting the