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tv   Close up  Deutsche Welle  October 8, 2024 6:15pm-6:45pm CEST

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with more world news, i hope to see you then the your innovation, green, the green revolution global. so listen, the whole lot of crime would probably be secure. subscribed to this channel. every friday. subscribe to plan. it's a fee because the own eyes, the cause of god, but would even be a big house. and it was
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a full time kind of impression that germany is seeing a shift to the right. people here are protesting against the far right because they were afraid that history could repeat itself is the worst part of german history, the nazi era. after that we said never again, but could it happen again? the in the well, i'm in frankfort. 35000 people have gathered to protest following revelations of a secret meeting of far right groups,
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including the alternative for germany party or a s d. i think people need to understand for you in front of those who are now voting for the f d, for example, either in protest or simply because other parties aren't strong enough. but they need to be aware that this was what motivated people in the past to they said, we're not right wing, but in this and that, but in the exact same phrases are being used now, like people are saying and thinking the same things and it will ultimately lead to the same result, you know, i feel like we're on the cusp of 1933. i study history a lot and we're almost at that point so that i think where the some of the move where society can turn because it's very, very important to remember. we learned our lesson last time and it's time to wake up. can we really compare today to them
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to find out i'm heading to the city of by my where germany's 1st democratic constitution was signed in 1919 in the years that followed out of hitler's nazi party became established to his seizure of power in 1933 mark the end of the final republic and its democracy. weimar is a place steeped in symbolism which hitler exploited for his own message. as early as 1926, the nazis held a major party conference environment. later the field received a euphoric reception here. the funeral was greeted with cheers from the crowds environment. the regional capital of the ranger is convoy drove by otto peddler square to the house of a fond hotel. some house i've
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arranged to meet con, come alba. she's a historian and the nazis or national socialists or her specialist feels particularly here in syringe. yeah. i asked her if history could repeat itself. no, i know. i don't believe that history repeats itself. it shouldn't. i think these kinds of analogies are important because they can highlight the fact that our society or our politics may be in danger placed in because this is on a field and they can reveal a potential threat to democracy. and come on, dustin will, cartoon should show that democracy can also fail and that democracy can feel suddenly shots, no one's in rhode island. there are major differences between german society and 1933 and now in 2024. and that means any analogy quickly reaches its limits on the other defense. so what exactly happened in 1933. on january 30th, the nazis paraded through the center of berlin. they had finally made it into the
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government. although the national socialist scotches 33 percent of the vote, hitler was appointed chancellor. the conservative brought him into the cabinet, believing they could keep them in check. but hitler had already made it quite clear what he would do once in power. in february 1933, a fire at the high stock parliament building allowed hitler to get an emergency decree passed suspending civil liberties a campaign of intimidation and a huge propaganda. dr. health denazi's when the national election a month later, they then passed the enabling act, allowing hitler to rule by decree and bypass parliament.
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hitler was a dictator within a few months on other parties with disbanded the notification of germany or life shy to him, as hitler called it had begun. he started planning ambitious building projects like the gulf of them in via a huge complex and headquarters of the nazi party in through india, a demonstration of power that still stands today use us in the nazi era. this was the gals durham planned back in 1933, a show north and will not tie on the highest plan. it was designed as a model side for national socialism. and during the day, all which was regarded as a model region or model gals. as the nazis called in stock, i got it. what did it mean to be a model go as into using the nazis had already had great success and through india before 1933 goals that i forgot truly about as engineer was the 1st day to have
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a nazi minister in the cabinet after the election in december 1929 step i and did send on once and we got no one on sundays. him then humphrey, who later became hitler's interior minister at the national level was 1st interior minister here and through india. in a conservative coalition hatch was clean cut, all you tried to get all left wingers out of administrative positions and stuff communists from the coming may years or teachers for example, mice. the guys knew that somebody should be a excess of the quick. he also had the portfolio for education, where he tried to reshape the culture to bring about a kind of national socialist transformation of society and politics. just item that is a shuffling deputy take in fact, so that's leave out on the. so what was the mood like among ordinary people? how could it come to this is global. i think many people had a real sense of crisis after the 1st world war and the economic crisis that followed. interesting. asking the clique,
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not the virtual german who's suffered hyperinflation in the 1920s pile. and then at the end of the 1920s there was a major economic crisis. actually a global economic crisis, which just caesar individual i to which of these a little golf situation in germany was very unstable. to take a stop in because i'm in the up a circle home dropped. there was a general feeling among the population that they were sinking into chaos. and water and juice, for example, were blamed for this. as were those on the left of the political spectrum game. what they were accused of plunging the republic into even deeper chaos. to watch one. so people were just hoping that the nazis would bring about a return to a 6 your in orderly society and go off not the. because the shift instead, the nazis unleashed a 2nd world war in which more than 70000000 people would die. and in the hall,
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the cost, the nazi set up a regime of systematic murder, killing more than $6000000.00 jews today, a monument in berlin remembers the jews murdered under hitler. but not everyone approves of it. like germany's best known, far right politician. the leader of the, of the party in syringe, you view on how we germans, our people are the only people in the world to have planted a monument of shame in the heart of its capital. we will take back our germany bit by bit the se. now has seats in nearly all the state parliament and the federal parliament during elections and 3 eastern german states. and september 2024. the party got
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around one 3rd of the vote. the range you actually got its 1st a if the district administrator, more than a year earlier, the district has made history of the d as now mainstream tardies here in the region . the rims. yeah. and in germany as a whole, the was a little bit thoughts on undercover. so in a box the bag was a strong hold of the national socialists in the early 1930 in zeus and in case so comparisons are bound to be made on keep the so it and perhaps there could be something like a right wing political culture that has remained more or less under ground disease shamia or the but i think the analogy should not be on for stated supplies, finish of all of those on. because i would say that the a, if these electoral wins are taking place in a different society or for that. yeah, that's reflected in the demonstrations against the far right and many cities and through india type meal indiana at the airport. but also in vi ma and other smaller cities of all environment. so this civil society that established itself after
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german reunification needs to be taken into account up. you listen to think is open question on seeing one man who's been observing political developments in germany. all his life is got boom. he was born in 1932 and grew up under the nazis. he was germany's interior minister in the late 19 seventy's and early eighties, and had to deal with the left wing terra group, the red army faction. these things, how do you see the current shift to the right in germany other be a huge help in mind them through my long life. i've never seen such a concentration of problems and threat since we have no such company. emma, except that i've always been extreme. some is there, i've always been extremely and as always, you, but there's never been such a concentration of research stuff as this you came to us. and that is the difference between people who hold extreme opinions and those who represent an aggressive form of racism. i could even cisco slip or does is that is the hallmark
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of the far right e, f. d party and others in this country of the growth of the right wing the like and right wing extremism basic service is by no means limited to that. you have to think if it's present in wider society to stick with. it is also present, booked in the middle class, is going to do about cycle. does he have us on this fundamental belief that the people and they need to be defended certificate in the summer presumptuous enough to define who the people are up to. this is absolutely against the constitution that's for the constitution, states that the dignity of every human being that lives here must be protected. they can, you and anyone who negates that, like the, the, you want. this is acting as the constitutional court has ruled lights. and nancy's is quite clear as national socialists. we've been living under a band since 1945. we can't do anything in a straightforward way at
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a normal parliamentary level because they won't let us just then we have to take a roundabout way. this includes creating front organizations or using the democratic mechanisms available to become a political force in this country outside of pollution companies want to be in this are kind of footage is from the 1980s here, neo nazis in the central german state of has and were quite open about their desire to turn back the clock to 1933, using democratic mechanisms, just like the nazis. dad. i'm going to do this but i'm fun for an election night in frankfort at 3 pm. shortly before the deadline, mikhail conan submitted a 186 signatures of support on certificates of eligibility and needed to stand on. formerly at least the not true and alice, i'm loom party or n s has met the criteria for running and the local elections in frankfort. it's
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less name for the nurse. i and i was inducted. i was given a hit, loose salute is illegal in germany. they called it occurring in silver instead, mission coon and was a leading neo nazi in west germany in the 19 eighties and comrades, so long as you don't allow yourself to be stopped, we will be unstoppable, finished, too. and i'll be unstoppable as long as you have faith in me, but in the end, there will be a revolution. and it will be more radical than last time. in 1989, the small town of long and near frankfort suddenly found itself at the center of the far right movement. like today asked the neo nazis wanted long in to become the 1st city in germany without any non german residents. yeah.
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such as schmidt has researched the history of right wing extremism here in south western germany. you can, what approach did they take here? now, do you come in from basically they salt publicity you from fedex? so they handed the leaflets and organized information stand and above all, trying to raise doubts and people's minds. but they're very racist high rates to help them and never physicals. and that by who didn't was very media savvy and approved in that respect. and principal, if you could business on the use very well. he went public with his provocative ideas that he would get some media a response feedback. otherwise they repeatedly tried to cause unrest on the street to say he might be defensive when the law officers talked about how successful it was. communion with his approach. and that's the existing step in terms of the publicity he was able to achieve that regardless of the essay, he had never succeeded with his election list. i'm little confused here, the local elections ones with his national, those i'm a little under the slogan,
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implement a will of the people, foreigners, i give them that never weren't needed on the but that wasn't his goal. and he wasn't expecting to make it into parliament with the small numbers they had. they basically use the elections or election campaigns to gain publicity and then that they were successful in going on as his wife. and so they weren't trying to field the next mayor of london. the goal was just to get as much attention as possible looks good off the exact weight and that's and they were hardly nazis other schools that they weren't interested in parliamentary democracy unit. they ultimately wants to, to a polish, calling them by the name of this group was always to rebuild the nazi party email as they saw themselves as the new se, stormtroopers, yvonne of the openly denied the whole of cost. i'm rec, screamingly violent after german reunification, they also moved into east germany, increased murphy, hundreds of supporters of germany's for most neo nazi me,
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kind of to noon march through, dressed in at the end of october. he's still mobilized as the most followers, despite spending years in prison and in spite of infighting within his movements. non reunification has given him and his followers, new ideas is slide up. unfortunately, reunification did not bring the unity we hoped for him to review the owens out a revolution that sweeps the occupying powers out of our country. fake. i never heard of a revolution that sweeps the foreigners out of our country. we want to take to the streets again and we will take to the streets again until germany is truly german. this sounds like the these re migration plans. although michigan, kuhn and every use that term, i'm driving to a group and a small eastern town on the polish border. here too. right wing extremism flourished in the 19 ninety's. i'm meeting with
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a woman who experienced it 1st hand kind and was regularly harassed by neo nazis. she still feels the need to protect herself and wants to remain anonymous. cooling by open with a very, very right wing town. it started after re unifications and continued for a long time. the town was in a big muddle, a kind of vacuum. there used to be a lot of industry here and a lot of jobs. but all the businesses went bankrupt with an issue in the space of time. everything closed down and people who are unemployed. it was a very gloomy atmosphere and this pushed them. there was a discontent in the sense that people could no longer find their way in this new country. and that's what, at the same time, there was this sense that the foreigners were getting everything financed for them and didn't have to worry. so people made this totally what connection and is that speak effective front of on a spot, and it was somehow cool to be right. when does that, a scar,
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a lot of young people who jump on that bandwagon to discuss this. they were skinheads or combat boots and farmer jackins, your hobbies and their hobby on the weekend was to ambush us. lift is hard to beat us up and chase us and they targeted immigrants to i'll send, that's a for, for in august 1992 right wing activists in eastern city, a roster lashed out of migraines. and then we can move on mecklenburg or le hundreds of neo nazis and skin heads and other rioters attack the central reception center for asylum seekers in the states. they shouted abuse these people up and through them all the top cocktails. is there a line to assist me and my compatriots here on the house and then we're at our wits end the loose, the controller, the fitness, i'm skins, the spectators applauding of the worst, etc. well, the highest and the to the sites are encouraged. extreme is even more they give
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them protection when the police move in fees for the site that the, the downside is is moving on november 23rd. the murder is hatred targeted. those went till now were thought to be fully integrated here, the migrants where i lived and worked in germany for decades to me or not to set fire to homes and none killing to turkish children. and one woman by the end of the year, right wing extremist had murdered 17 people and the like. never before in the history of the federal republic of germany has tara claimed so many lives. it didn't mean to, to get close to many were deeply shocked. protesters formed chains of lights and cities across germany to take a stand against for right terrorism in munich, more than 400000 people took to the streets on december 6th,
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1992. yet that same night, the government agreed to tighten germany's laws on asylum, the back to good and 25 years ago. right wing xenophobia claimed to live here to a small group gathers at the scene of the crime every year. the interval, whatever remembrance we cannot learn from history, that is why we're here today to this course to remember the moves are that happens in this month. i called at the murder to and on and also to warn that it was never happened again to you. the police have a reason brandon burger and investigating a group of right wing youths for being blamed for the death of an al julian asylum
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seeker in group in focus 2 most in the case made headlines across germany. oh, jerry and asylum seeker. if i read when to was chase down by 11 use, he broke through the glass door of a house to escape, injured himself and blood to death. the use were known to be right wing extremists, and we're not afraid to show it in court. they came in there trademark bomber jackets and combat boots, but they've gone off with warnings and light sentences under juvenile law. some only got suspended sentences. is this good? and we always use this commemoration to highlight the current activities of neo nazis as one in the races, discourses that are gaining strength in the center of our society. i'm stuck with
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them and it also in there are still blank spots on germany's map portion on where there has been no anti nazi demonstrations up ended up. i kind of not demand either because the kind of people who would want to organize them of left for because people are too afraid to be uncooperative. you from the valve of side. no, you would certainly fit with the answers we got from trades people when we asked them to support the demo that much, much the to him, let me quote some to you know, you can just simply by support your cause. i think what you're doing is good, but i'm afraid that my store will be burned down. i called him indifferent or am afraid that someone will come and smash my windows. no doubt that whole people no longer dare to stand up publicly for the values that should be universal officers. the mayor of group and is also here from for nathan. that is democracy working here in golden is people who speak up fear for their own well being with companies functional form. i don't believe any member of the city council here would be afraid to express their opinions in the mind. it may be different among trades people. they're worried about their clientele,
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and they'll be of 20 to 30 percent, actually vote for the a f d. those are reports, potential customers will tend to uh, although i can understand the business, people who say i'm going to stay out of politics to a certain extent. so pretty to just refresh the whole group and has $20000.00 inhabitants. 300 people intended the demonstration against right wing extremism that must feel very different to demonstrating in a big city with tens of thousands of people. the cabin was also there. and that, so we'll have to get the demo that we organize. it happened there were about 15 to 20 nazis present, to in my opinion, are willing to resort to violence. i to not says and they want it to disrupt the demo. and i think their aim was to break it up just to, to go in there and indeterminate people and separate them to put one vision on us and, and that's a choice and then saw some familiar faces since
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somebody made their normal members of society and one of the people who was there is a late judge and the district court, another residential assistant. so these are people you can meet at any time from kind of sleeping is a small town. so you're bound to run into each other. here you're going big. that's what's that like for you as a smart button, you just means that when i go shopping, for example, before, when i'm in a public place, i'm always looking for indicators that might tell me if this person could potentially be a threat untruth. go seem con, i'm wondering what their political convictions are, but it's no longer as easy as it was in the ninety's. us in the ninety's it was very easy. the name of today's nazis no longer where combat too much with white laces are they are much better disguised, isn't few best are good times. and they are building up structures,
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their own think tax networks and channels. and they already arrived in the middle of german society. is there a genuine risk of the country repeating? it's not the past. i'm back in syringe yet to meet stuff on comma, the head of the regional intelligence service. he should be able to tell me if i need to be worried. welcome then what's the greatest threat to our society in terms of the far right? the either for 1st we have and then friends, great wing extremist movement mission to in tooling about not only in through india and the whole of germany. simple public um the limits i had thing for the dangerous thing about it and what makes it different from previous years is that the right wing extremists are now working together in a coordinated manner. and i'd like to explore this. this is an over the past several years, this movement has started conquering more and more areas of society, culminating in the fact that the f d mazda use now not only represented in nearly all state parliament,
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as well as in the federal parliament, if the are also getting respectable, parliamentary majorities, tablet problem, and time issue me a hyphen element in recent years. the far right has managed to create a claim. it must be yours to answer to the point of conducting purchase. and so some of which are already being carried out in mirrors, officers and district cancels and thoughts and don't wish to see what's going on with the so only those who fall in line are rewarded, so to speak. the over isn't. yeah, i'm going the basically what we now have a situation where the party i supported in some cases by a 3rd of the electorate from already has such a majority in parliament. they end up taking on government responsibility bundled, or at least helping to shape the government's agenda started owns and when the exercise their parliamentary right jim? so for example, by sitting on the parliamentary control conditions with, you know, for the intelligent services besides those, even though they then have oversight and control over those who as part of a stable democracy are supposed to fight precisely these enemies of the
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constitution to him from home, as he did so it comes full circle. i don't believe that's what the mothers and fathers of our constitution had in mind and didn't create a history repeat itself in the sounds of it on. once you understand, at least we have seen in many places that history can repeat itself for the quote is the federal republic of germany, a volume our republic today? no, not yet sent up at the bottom. so these are the events that we are currently experiencing for including the strengthening of the enemies of the constitution that some were already in parliament. um i can get their hands and the leaders of power. let me this is this comparable to the status of the nazis in the volume or republic and then under national socialism itself comes close. yeah, i would say quite clearly. yes, it's comparable. and that should make us think at the start of my research, i thought these comparisons to 1933 might be a bit far fetched. but now i realize it's
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a scenario that is not impossible. the people in trucks injured was trying to feed the city center, the straight pieces explain the around the world more than 150000000 people us we of mine because no one should have to
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make up your own mind. dw may 4 mines and the units october's best is a 16 day party. the pavilion folks festival drove millions with a spear tradition and wild atmosphere. but there is a darker side with many drinking to excess. don't take your pants down and tried to cry and crossing boundaries. people know what to expect. you to october specialist once in male dominated space. but now women are taking a more jobs like managing beer tens.

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