coming up next to the use programs close up blocks as weather in growing support for the far right in germany means it's democracy is under threats. i'm nicole fairly from all of us here in berlin. thanks for watching the the, the god still implies the cause of god, but would even be housed on games with full time on kind of oppression. germany is seeing a shift to the right. people here are protesting against the far right because they were afraid that history could repeat itself is the worst part of german history, the nazi era.

after that, we said never again. but could it happen again? the, in the well, i'm in frankfort. 35000 people have gathered to protest following revelations of a secret meeting of 4 right groups, including the alternative for germany party or a s p. i think people need to understand for you in front of those who are now voting for the f d, for example, either in protest or simply because other parties aren't strong enough. but they need to be aware that this was what motivated people in the past to they said, we're not right wing, but in that to not but to know the exact same phrases are being used now that

people are saying and thinking the same things and it will ultimately lead to the same result. i feel like we're on the cusp of 1933. i study history a lot and we're almost at that point so that i think where are the some of the movements where society can turn to. it's very, very important to remember. we learned our lesson last time and it's time to wake up. can we really compare today to then to find out. i'm heading to the city of by ma, where germany's 1st democratic constitution was signed in 1990. in the years that followed out of hitler's nazi party became established to his seizure of power in 1933 mark the end of the final republic and its democracy. weimar is a place steeped in symbolism which hitler exploited for his own message.

as early as 1926, the nazis held a major party conference environment. later the field received a euphoric reception. here. the funeral was greeted with cheers from the crowd's environment. the regional capital of their india is convoy drove by otto peddler square to the house of the fond hotel. some house i've arranged to meet sancho mailbox. she's a historian and the nazis or national socialists or her specialist feels particularly here in syringe. yeah. i asked her if history could repeat itself. no, i don't believe that history repeats itself. it shouldn't. i think these kinds of analogies are important because they can highlight the fact that our society or our politics may be in danger, flashed in because this is,

i need to feel them. they can reveal a potential threat to democracy. come with a single cartoon should show that democracy can also fail, and that democracy can fail, suddenly shifts no one's in rhode island. there are major differences between german society and 1933 and now in 2024. and that means any analogy quickly reaches its limits on the other defense. so what exactly happened in 1933. on january 30th, the nazis paraded through the center of berlin. they had finally made it into the government. although the national socialist scott, just 33 percent of the vote, hitler was appointed chancellor. the conservatives brought him into the cabinet, believing they could keep them in check. but hitler had already made it quite clear what he would do once in power.

in february 1933, a fire at the high stock parliament building allowed hitler to get an emergency decree passed suspending civil liberties a campaign of intimidation and a huge propaganda. dr. health denazi's when the national election a month later, they then passed the enabling act, allowing hitler to rule by decree and bypass parliament. hitler was a dictator within a few months on other parties with disbanded the notification of germany or life shy to him, as hitler called it had begun. he started planning ambitious building projects like the gulf of them in via a huge complex and headquarters of the nazi party in through india, a demonstration of power that still stands today. you

may not see error. this was the gals durham planned back in 1933, a show north and will not tie on the highest plan. it was designed as a model side for national socialism and during the day, all which was regarded as a model region or model. now as the nazis called in stock, i got it. what did it mean to be a model go? as an interior of the nazis had already had great success and through india before 1933. what was it i forgot truly about his engineer was the 1st day to have a nazi minister in the cabinet after the election in december 1929 step i in december and once in rep, no one on sundays him sleep. then humphrey, who later became hitler's interior minister at the national level was 1st interior minister here and through india. in a conservative coalition, the hatch was clean, cut, all you tried to get all left wingers out of administrative positions and stopped communists from the coming majors or teachers. for example, mice,

the idea that somebody should be a excess of the quiz. he also had the portfolio for education, where he tried to reshape the culture to bring about a kind of national socialist transformation of society and politics item that is the adjustment that pretty take in fact, so that's and leave out on that. so what was the mood like among ordinary people? how could it come to this? this is global. i think many people had a real sense of crisis after the 1st world war and the economic crisis that followed. interesting. asking the clique, not the bookshop. german news suffered hyper inflation in the 1920s pile and then at the end of the 1920s there was a major economic crisis. actually a global economic crisis. a good shift. fees are innovated by to which of these a little golf situation in germany was very unstable. to take a stop in because i'm in the up a circle just there was a general feeling among the population that they were sinking into chaos. it's dr.

for and water and use for example, were blamed for this. as were those on the left of the political spectrum machine. what they were accused of plunging the republic into even deeper chaos. good to watch one. so people were just hoping that the nazis would bring about a return to a 6 your in orderly society, to show up on go up not to cause a shift. instead, the nazis unleashed a 2nd world war, in which more than 70000000 people would die. and in the hall, the cost, the nazi set up a regime of systematic murder, killing more than $6000000.00 jews today, a monument in berlin remembers the jews murdered under hitler. but not everyone approves of it. like germany's best known, far right politician. the leader of the, of the party in syringe, yet beyond hookah we germans,

our people are the only people in the world to have planted a monument of shame in the heart of its capital. we will take back our germany's bit by bit the f d no has seats in nearly all the state parliaments and the federal parliament during elections and 3 eastern german states and september 2024. the party got around one 3rd of the vote. the range you actually got, it's 1st a if the district administrator, more than a year earlier, the district has made history deal of the d as now in mainstream parties here in the region. the rims. yeah. and in germany as a whole and open the thoughts on unbecoming. so in a box the bag was a strong hold at the national socialists in the early 19 thirty's in schools and in

case so comparisons are bound to be made would keep the so it and perhaps there could be something like a right wing political culture that has remained more or less under ground disease shamia or the but i think the analogy should not be over stated. so gleiss finish of all dusty on because i would say that the a of these electoral wins are taking place in a different society or for good. yeah, that's reflected in the demonstrations against the far right and many cities and through india time, you know, in jenna an airport, but also invite ma and other smaller cities of all environment. so this civil society that established itself after german reunification needs to be taken into account up. you listen to thank you to open question on seeing one man who has been observing political developments in germany. all his life is got bone. he was born in 1932 and grew up under the nazis. it was germany's interior minister in the late 19 seventies and early eighties, and had to deal with the left wing terra group,

the red army faction. these and how do you see the current shift to the right in germany at the age of an mine of, to my long life. i've never seen such a concentration of any problems and threats as we have no company. emma, except that i have always been extreme. some is there, i've always been extremely and as always you, but there's never been such a concentration of recess as the she came to us. and that is the difference between people who hold extreme opinions and those who represent an aggressive form of racism. even cisco slipping or does is that is the hallmark of the far right at the party and others in this country of the growth of the right wing. these items right wing extremism basic service is by no means limited to the do think it's present in wider society to stick varies, but it is also present, booked in the middle classes going to do about cycle. does he have us on this

fundamental belief that the people and they need to be defended, certificate in the summer presumptuous enough to define who the people are up to? this is absolutely against the constitution. so that's for the constitution states that the dignity of every human being that lives here must be protected. they can, you and anyone who negates that, like the, the, you want. this is acting as the constitutional court has ruled lights. and nancy's is quite clear as national socialists. we've been living under a band since 1945. we can't do anything. and a straightforward way at a normal parliamentary level because they won't let us just then we have to take a roundabout way. this includes creating front organizations or using the democratic mechanisms available to become a political force in this country outside of pollution companies want to be in this are kind of footage is from the 1980s here, neo nazis in the central german state of hess. and we're quite open about their

desire to turn back the clock to 1933, using democratic mechanisms, just like the nazis. dad. i'm going to do this but i'm fun for an election night in frankfort at 3 pm. shortly before the deadline, mikhail conan submitted a 186 signatures of support on certificates of eligibility needed to stand on. formerly, at least in the natural knowledge i'm loom party or n s has met the criteria for running in the local elections in frankfort. it's less name for the nurse i and obviously not because the given a hitler salute is illegal in germany, they called it occurring in silver instead mission coon and was

a leading neo nazi in west germany in the 19 eighties and comrades. so long as you don't allow yourself to be stopped, we'll be unstoppable, finished, too, and i'll be unstoppable as long as you have faith in me. but in the end there will be a revolution, and it will be more radical than last time. in 1989, the small town of long and near frankfort suddenly found itself at the center of the far right movement left today as the neo nazis wanted long and to become the 1st city in germany without any non german residents. such as schmidt has researched the history of right wing extremism here in south western germany. you can, what approach did they take here? now, do you come in from basically they salt publicity you from fedex? so the hand of the leaflets organize information stand and above all me trying to raise doubts in people's minds, but they're very racist. high rates to help them into referrals,

and that by who didn't was very media savvy and approved in that respect, impressive pool. if you could business on the use very well, if you went public with his provocative ideas that he would get, the media responds feedback. otherwise they repeatedly tried to cause unrest on the street to say he might be defensive on the will often tossing off to the how successful it was. communion with his approach. investors in terms of the publicity he was able to achieve that regardless of the say, he never succeeded with his election list. i don't, i don't get these 2 tier in the local elections ones with his nation. all those i'm a little under the slogan, implement a will of the people foreigners, i think you never worked a gun the but that wasn't his goal. and since he wasn't expecting to make it into parliament with a small numbers, they had basically use the elections or election campaigns to gain publicity and then that they were successful in cologne as his wife. and so they weren't trying to field the next mayor of long, and the goal was just to get as much attention as possible. looks good on the exact

weight and that's, and they were hardly nancy's, and this was how they weren't interested in parliamentary democracy. they ultimately want to do a full list of parliament, give them by the name of this group was always to rebuild the nancy party e mail as they sold themselves as a new se, stormtroopers, yvonne of the open late the night, the whole of cost. i'm rec, screamingly violent after german reunification, they also moved into east germany, increased the mercy of hundreds of supporters of germany's foremost neo nazi me. kind of to noon, marched through, dressed in at the end of october. he's still mobilized as the most followers, despite spending years in prison and in spite of infighting within his movements, much non reunification has given him and his followers and new ideas is slide up. unfortunately, reunification did not bring the unity we hoped for the yeah, the own valve,

a revolution that sweeps the occupying powers out of our country. fake. i never heard of a revolution that sweeps the foreigners out of our country. we want to take to the streets again and we will take to the streets again until germany is truly german. this sounds like the of these re migration plans, although michigan couldn't never use that term. i'm driving to a group and a small eastern town on the polish border. here too. right wing extremism flourished, and the 19 ninety's i'm meeting was a woman who experienced it 1st hand. cotton was regularly harassed neo nazis. she still feels the need to protect herself and wants to remain anonymous. going by open with a very, very right wing town. it started after re unification and continued for a long time. the town was in a big muddle, a kind of vacuum. there used to be a lot of industry here and a lot of jobs,

but all the businesses went bankrupt with an issue in the space of time. everything closed down and people who are unemployed. it was a very gloomy atmosphere and these pushed them. there was a discontent in the sense that people could no longer find their way in this new country. and that's what, at the same time, there was this sense that the foreigners were getting everything finance for them and didn't have to worry. so people made this totally what connection and is that speak effective front of on a spot, and it was somehow cool to be right when a scar, a lot of young people who jump on that bandwagon to discuss this. they were skinheads or combat boots and farmer jackins, your hobbies, and their hobby on the weekend was to ambush us. lift is hard to beat us up and chase us and they targeted immigrants to i'll send, that's a for, for in august 1992 right wing activists in eastern city,

a roster lashed out of migraines. and then we can move on mecklenburg or le hundreds of neo nazis of skinheads and other rioters attack the central reception center for asylum seekers in the states. they shouted abuse these people up and through them all the top cocktails is to allow. i know it's just me and my compatriots here on the house and then we're at our wits end, the loose, the controller, the fitness, i'm skins, the spectators applauding of the worst pets and the highest. and the to the sites are encouraged. extreme is even more when they give them protection when the police move in date for the site that the the, i'm done so i'm just moving on november 23rd. the murder is hatred targeted. those went till now were thought to be fully integrated here. migrants where i lived and worked in germany for decades to me and not to set fire to homes and none killing

to a turkish children. and one woman by the end of the year, a right wing extremist had murdered 17 people and the like. never before in the history of the federal republic of germany has tara claimed so many lives as to me and to, to get close to many were deeply shocked protesters form chains of lights and cities across germany to take a stand against for right terrorism in munich, more than 400000 people took to the streets on december 6th, 1992 yet that same night, the government agreed to tighten germany's laws on asylum, the back to good and 25 years ago. right wing xenophobia claimed to live here to a

small group gathers at the scene of the crime every year, the, the interval, whatever remembrance we cannot learn from history. that is why we're here today to this course to remember the moves are that happens in this month. i called at the murder to and on and also to warn that it was never happened again and see if you believe some of these and brandon burger and investigating a group of right wing youths for being blamed for the death of an al julian asylum seeker in group in focus you must in the case made headlines across germany. oh jerry and asylum seeker. if i read when to was chase down by 11 use, he broke through the glass door of a house to escape, injured himself and blood to death. the use were known to be right wing extremists, and we're not afraid to show it in court. they came in there trademark bomber

jackets and combat boots, but they've gone off with warnings and light sentences under juvenile law. some only got suspended sentences. is this good and we always use this commemoration to highlight the current activities of neo nazis as one in the races, discourses that are gaining strength in the center of our society. i'm stuck items and it also in there are still blank spots on germany's map portions where there have been no anti nazi demonstrations up ended up. i kinda know demand either because the kind of people who would want to organize them of left or because people are too afraid. unfortunately, you from the valve of side. no. you that would certainly fit with the answers we got from trades people when we ask them to support the demo. but it's much a tune. let me quote some to you. and you can just simply by support your cause. i

think what you're doing is good, but i'm afraid that my store will be burned down. i called them in different or i'm afraid that someone will come and smash my windows. no doubt that whole people are no longer dare to stand up publicly for the values that should be universal officers. the mayor of group and is also here for nathan and is democracy working here in globin is people who speak up fear for their own well being with companies of your interest on the phone with the i don't believe any member of the city council here would be afraid to express their opinions in them. it may be different among trades people. they're worried about their clientele, and they'll be of 20 to 30 percent, actually vote for the a f d. those are reports. potential customers will tend to uh, although i can understand the business, people who say i'm going to stay out of politics to a certain extent. so pretty much the front whole group and has $20000.00 inhabitants. 300 people intended the demonstration against right wing extremism that must feel very different to demonstrating in

a big city with tens of thousands of people. the cabin was also there. let's civil house to get the demo that we organize. this happened, they were about 15 to 20 nazis present, to in my opinion, are willing to resort to violence. i to not just on the they want it to disrupt the demo, and i think their aim was to break it up to, to, to go in there and into many people and separate them for english on, on us and, and that's a choice. and then saw some familiar faces soon got someone in the, their normal members of society. and one of the people who was there is a late judge and the district court, another residential assistant. so these are people you can meet at any time from kind of sleeping is a small town, so you're bound to run into each other here. but what's that like for you

as a smack button? you just means that when i go shopping, for example, before, when i'm in a public place, i'm always looking for indicators that might tell me if this person could potentially be a threat. untruth coasting con. i'm wondering what their political convictions are, but it's no longer as easy as it was in the ninety's. us in the ninety's it was very easy in the today's nazis no longer where combat boomers with white laces are they are much better disguised, isn't cheapest, are good times and they are building up structures their own think tax networks and channels have they already arrived in the middle of german society, is there a genuine risk of the country repeating? it's not the past. i'm back in syringe yet to meet stuff on comma, the head of the regional intelligence service. he should be able to tell me if i need to be worried. welcome then what's the greatest threat to our society in terms

of the far right? i know for 1st we have and, and friends, great when extreme this movement mission to in choosing about not only in virginia and the whole of germany, this doubleclick. i'm the limit of i had thing for the dangerous thing about it and what makes it different from previous years is that the right wing extremists are now working together in a coordinated manner. and i'd like to explore this. this was sent over the past several years. this movement has started conquering more and more areas of society, culminating in the fact that the f d mazda use now not only represented in nearly all state parliament, as well as in the federal parliament if the are also getting respectable parliamentary majorities tablet upon them in time to show me a hyphen element in recent years. seeing the far right has managed to create a claim, it must be yours to have some to the point of conducting purchase. and so some of which are already being carried out in mirrors, officers and district cancels and thoughts and don't wish to see what's going on

with the so only those who fall in line are rewarded, so to speak. the opening isn't. yeah, i'm going the basically what we now have a situation where the party i supported in some cases by a 3rd of the electorate already has such a majority in parliament. they end up taking on government responsibility bundled, or at least helping to shape the government's agenda started owns and when the exercise are parliamentary right, jim? so for example, by sitting on the parliamentary control condition for the intelligent surfaces besides those are good. now they then have oversight and control over those who as part of a stable democracy are supposed to fight to precisely these enemies of the constitution to them from home as evil. so it comes full circle. i don't believe that's what the mothers and fathers of our constitution had in mind and didn't create a history repeat itself in terms of the few understanding. at least we have seen in many places the history can repeat itself. the court is the federal republic of germany, of volume, our republic to date. no, no, yes,

in top of the box. so these are the events that we are currently experiencing for including the strengthening of enemies of the constitution that some were already in parliament. can get their hands and the leaders of power. i mean this is this comparable to the stats of something that sees in the volume or republic and then under national socialism itself, you sounds like, yeah, i would say quite clearly. yes, it's comparable. and that should make us think of the start of my research. i bought these comparisons to 1933 might be a bit far fetched i but now i realize it's a scenario that is not impossible. the .