[000:00:00;00] the 35 years of to the full of the fun in the mood, november 9th. can you tell me the to you are what you each, each cell and your body is made from molecules taken from broken down food. and it's also the source of the energy that keeps you alive, but eating is about more than just nutrients. so it is also culture. what we eat has a lot to do with where we come from, and the groups we belong to. however, stories about food and about who want how and why we'd like to. we can also spread

racist stereotypes that topic and much more coming up on dw science show. welcome to tomorrow. today there is absolutely no way in the world that black folks only express how people are making decisions about what they're eating. a lot of times and we think about the foods of especially blackbox. we often point to all they're just eating some food. and so the actual decisions are essentially a mass. according to the narrative and slaved africans in the americans were only given scraps to eat the part of a pig that white didn't want. what's called awful years snouts tales and enters. the story goes that the enslaved people often use hot spices and sugar to make

these parts tasty or, or deep fried them. this is like that still exist today, but those generally viewed as ad for your health and belong to a causing cult whitley referred to as sole food. we have eaten a variety of food. so that whole scraps, narrative is one that really capture to sort of 18 hundreds to 18. 65. at the end of enslavement. probably a traveler's account. that's all blackbox getting awful for the leftovers or the in trails that absolutely is not the whole of african and african american diet. psyche williams force and wrote a book entitled, eating while black. she's a professor of american studies at the university of maryland. when you have people who are repeat those narratives without knowing the history, you repeat the,

the stereotype. another stereotype is that black people loved to eat water, melon and chicken back in 2008. when for rock, obama was 1st elected us president, a caricature circulated online at the white house, with a huge watermelon patch on the front lawn. there was nothing to do about it, it was absolutely a racist true. its roots can be found in the post slavery era in the us when some black people sold watermelons to earn money. a slice resembles a wide smile, which is how black people were often for trade. always grinning, always happy, always wonderfully delighted to be in servitude to point folks. we were accused of being watermelon. darkies, shrieking, stealing darkies. that narrative goes all the way back to enslavement when we were

often accused of stealing the chickens. but stereotypes, the side of another discussion is going on. statistics show that black people in the us are more likely to be over weight, and they suffer from heart disease and diabetes. more often than whites are, latinos, and unhealthy diet is usually blaine's one rich in foods high and fat and sugar like sol, food, or fast food. yeah, i think one of the things that motivated me to do this research was this disquiet this conversation about health disparities stripe sociologist jews that they would see junior wrote his dissertation on the black population and jackson, mississippi. and i wanted to know how black people up and now the social economic letter and make decisions about what the i started with people who are homeless. i spent all my days with them. i think what they age. i only age when they

a and then after 3 and a half months through connections that i made, i moved up to people who are in poverty to 90. i had 2 children at the time, has 3 children. now. what i did was just spend time with an army and start to see what social structures she is experiencing. and then after 3 and a half months i moved up again to to the lower middle class. that was a family that had moved from washington dc to jackson, mississippi. and i moved up again upper middle class. i sort of worked as a paralegal for a lawyer. a lady paralegal is too strong of a word hash, so to help her out in our office a little bit. if we think about the health conditions of black folks as, as a result of the individual decision making. i think that's misplaced. if we think about that was just continuing things that happened in the past, i think that's also misplaced. the term food deserts is often used to describe

areas where there's not enough healthy food available many times where socially disadvantaged people that were supermarkets offering fresh produce are far away. the scenario often goes hand in hand with an over supply of cheap, unhealthy offerings from fast food restaurants such as that description apply to where people like the non need a single mother lives. if we look at the ninety's put availability by just drawing a circle around her address and seeing what kinds of grocery stores available to her. i don't think we will capture as much. this includes thinking about how she gets housing. it includes how she thinks about getting the health care transportation. i think for me, food availability includes all of those things and we're able to think about her food, what's what, what she has access to as being related to these other structures. i think it gives

us a lot more analytical put back to the topic of soul food, which doesn't just include ingredients like meat, fat, and sugar, but often also plant based components like sweet potatoes, beans, cale and okra. fluids. popular among foodies today because they're considered healthy. it's a variety of foods that in combination would be most familiar to anyone who has southern group, but also an african american community. we helped to build the cuisine and culinary the legacies of the united states of america and globally. there's absolutely no so we survived off of nearly scratch. please don't reiterate the single story on one ingredient, commented cuisines, across the globe,

potatoes in south america. the inc has cultivated different types of the important staple food, filling and vitamin rich tuber traveled from there to europe, with the spanish cookies to doors in the 16th century. today, there are thousands of varieties with a wide range of properties. however, only a fraction are approved for commercial cultivation. what happens when authorization expires for one popular variety in germany, it almost found the end. then farmers pushed back the 40 years ago after a cost and ellen bag took over his parents farm in germany. he switched to organic production and the family business began focusing on potatoes. today. he's a well known specialist and the cultivation and preservation of old varieties of the tuber. 60 so far hellen bag fights for potato diversity. trying to preserve, for instance, the popular linda variety,

which was taken off the market gardens what it was and he's gone, gone to suddenly we were no longer supposed to grow them. the breeder, who owned the rights withdrew and subsequent talks went nowhere could. so they said we should plant new variety, he says they'd be better and we said, but linda is great. the new varieties can't touch it as please come to the lines of money from the legal battle to get the linda variety reapproved lasted 5 years constant. ellen bag is unhappy, the situation, even the roads gather some food, decides what we, who decides what we grow is farmers come that can happen. otherwise we're just serving the food industry. let's see the potato farmer views with suspicion decisions made in muscles where new you seed regulations are being negotiated. the law is 1st draft revealed how much influence the seed industry has. he says that the aim is to force out independent plant breeders cannot be,

will cut me off much more bureaucracy and higher expenses for smaller breeders who won't be able to cope and technical prerequisites to forcing selection pressure. among breeders on the small ones will give up, the large ones will increasingly take over the market, and that won't be good for either the seed farmers or consumers for the difficulties of the us food and agriculture organization has long emphasized the importance of preserving old varieties they are often more resistant to extreme weather conditions, diseases or insect passed. so they could play an important role in the add up taishan of agriculture to to climate prices. the mountain lina please represented the australian organization caution. noah in brussels for a year. she observed and consulted during negotiations on the new seed regulations . you always get get out of that. it's all about what will end up on our plates in

the future. whether we prioritize tast health and diversity, or instead place the future of our food supply in the hands of a few corporation yellow in the hand of vinegar. concerning the per austrian association has an archive that stocks around $5500.00 varieties of vegetables, fruit grains, and legumes. their seeds are available to gardeners and farmers on request its exports were also alarms. last year, when the 1st draft of the e. u commission's new seed regulation was published, although everyone is talking about diversity in agriculture, it seems like it will achieve the opposite scene agro chemical companies that dominate a seed market and also the pesticide market and both are in the same hands in that it seems now they are doing everything they can to get diversity out of sea laws. i would like to put the thing in the draft would have prohibited the transfer and exchange of seeds from old varieties to farmers. only private individuals could

have receipts them even public. jean banks would no longer have been allowed to distribute seeds, their pride of farmers to sell, or even just swap their own seeds with other farmers would also have been against the law. this would have had serious consequences for commercial farmers like constant ellen back who rely on diversity. dispensed. it'd be a scandal and destroyed jobs, free trade, food and seeds. it'd be a blatant monopoly of the industry, which would then determine world wide what we're allowed to eat. breakfast if that happened, i wouldn't want to be a farmer anymore. it'd kill me. the nickel, bring over 50 percent of all seed production worldwide is in the hands of just for companies. although the market for old varieties is negligible, those companies are competition from seeds for varieties that can't be registered as patterns. they want to adapt agriculture to climate change with genetic engineering rather than through breeding on the sides, you sign it,

but seeds from resistant varieties are able to adapt a climatic conditions to social conditions. and so they actually have super powers and just pushing these characteristics that already exist outside as part of this debate about to do that. if you do it 10 brussels, the industry has a host of lobbyists trying to obstruct and welcome competition. but the u parliament's environment committee has backs the idea of c diversity. it's agriculture committee has also confirmed and fund conditional right to see the access for farmers. the restrictions were removed from the draft and the parliament adopted an amended version. germany's farmer's association is welcome to the release of seeds from old varieties and recognizes the danger that corporations can seek to impose patented seeds on farmers and one apology because you also do mind. monopolies are always a problem for agriculture in don't. however, we're in

a better situation in germany than in other places if we have a broad range of medium sized readers here that don't rely on patterns or structures or diverse and there are specialists. we want to preserve that and we have to create the conditions to do so. with the from somebody false it's magdalena, pluto is organization. breed the size of really for now at least the you parliament's decision safeguards the right of farmers to exchange seats. however, the industry lobby did prevail in one area, essential for saving, traditional and local varieties, bureaucracy in teams besides hip and can and worst case scenarios. small growers focused on diversity could face more red tape and large corporations. if they offer a range of varieties, they could be overwhelmed by bureaucracy and forced out of the market. it think you have a final decision on the future of seeds will be made in brussels in 2025. but

industrial agriculture continues to threaten the diversity that will be urgently needed in the future. small scale producers of old varieties like cost and ellen bag, say the battle is far from over. because what is right now it's your turn. do you have a science question? then send it to us as a video, text or voice mail. if we answer it in the show, you'll receive a little surprises. the thank you. go on. just ask the this time the question comes from santa king in zambia. the why don't fish sing in water? many fish can float in one place without moving their friends much, and the ability is all down to their swim bladders. it's an oregon located in their

trunks. a kind of sac filled with gas. without one, a fish would sink to the bottom like a stove. that's because their bodies are dense or tense, heavier than the surrounding water. without a swim bladder, they'd have to constantly exert themselves to remain in the same place, send a water column. that'd be strenuous to swim. bladder allows of fish to equalize its weight. with that if the surrounding water, every 10 meters water pressure increases by one kilogram per square centimeter. if a fish swims up it's swim, bladder expands as the pressure of the water column above it. falls so the fish grows more buoyant to keep from rising even higher. it has to release some gas to compensate this. on the other hand, a fish swims deeper to water. put, tracking on it rises, compressing this wind, bladder, then must force more gas into the oregon in order to achieve neutral buoyancy with

its surroundings. the principal works in the same way as a boy and see compensator by pumping air into a vast store, releasing its divers can also float effortlessly at different depths. the swim bladder also serves to stabilize fish in the water. those that have problems with their swim bladder is often seen on balance, swim chaotically or hang upside down. menu caught a legend as fish like raise and sharks have to remain in constant motion to avoid sinking to the bottom. instead of a swim bladder, they have light skeletons and very large livers that store lots of fat. because fat is also lighter than water that helps keep them boy and the bottom dwelling fish like flat fish and more a heels also get by without swim bladders. that's because they don't have to adjust to changes in water pressure

the, the oceans are home to many fascinating organisms. the deep sea in particular, is a real treasure trove, not only of rear plants and animals, but also of valuable raw materials. manganese nodules found there, for example, contain metals urgently needed for the transition to sustainable energy and see, we carl's and shellfish contain active ingredients that could be repurposed as cancer, drugs or antibiotics. but is it right to just grab all the marine treasure? we can find a treasure hunt on the north sea coast, with the search turn up anything valuable today. tyesha and mo, hope so the best it's best if you find a ring or some gold jewelry with coins would also be cool. and we also clean up and

take all the bottle caps and other stuff back with us. no matter what the treasure hunters find, the search is always exciting. the the depths of the world's oceans. how's the hard beyond price much remains unexplored but could one day prove very useful in fields like medicine. for instance, there's fast potential. we see it as a treasure of waiting to be discovered. there's a huge range of organisms in the oceans and overall much higher diversity than other land into the future. i was on lunch at this thinking back society and frank for marines. who ology is one area of research. every year, a known species are discovered and any of them could inspire new medicines. the tropical mangrove, c squared, for example, provided the active ingredient for a novel cancer drugs. the potential is enormous,

promising new compounds are constantly being added to a growing list for them. so gums adult and despise one child example that's been in the limelight recently as the active ingredient and room desert video empties it was originally isolated from the horn and silica spine, june the 1950s. but i sent a note from the guy on the drug gained fame when it proved effective against coven 19 car. off and see we have had millions of years to develop defense mechanisms against enemies and disease. and we can put those mechanisms to good use compounds . they produce can, for example, inhibit inflammation, have an anti microbial effect or protect nerve cells. these title mudflats are also a unique habitat. how's the treasure hunt going the most as you just have to be patient with the metal detectors, the 2 searchers are able to detect metallic objects up to half

a meter down on the other side of the world in the depths of the pacific, the different treasure is stirring, desires, 4000 meters beneath the surface. primordial lumps cover the sea bed. manganese nodules could provide industry with some urgently needed resources. there's one guy that's going to have a tied in a cheese and manganese nodule. habitat. entity c is special because they contain metals, we need for the energy transition, mainly cobalt and copper. and nicole are fine, but also lift a young bicycle from the crew for life to whom valid? so i'm, i'm in there. um, and there's also, it's a very specific that costs in terms of these nodules provide, they are more guides towing, which is special phone on the city about that without mind. and he has nodules, wouldn't exist on him, on god's knowing, got his help. habitat for extraordinary creatures,

one that our hunger for raw materials could completely destroy. with unforeseeable consequences. studies show that mining the sea bed leaves the massive stars, deep sea echo systems struggle to recover. and the resource is far from inexhaustible, direct me on the medium made and they grow just a few millimeters in a 1000000 years. and so a nodule, the size of my hand just between 5 and 10000000 years old. it's fossil raw material, just like oil and gas. vic, when it's gone, it will take millions of years to grow back. and the specific you have a task for the phone of the lives on us, not just the stuff that grows on it as the nodules are also a habitat for mobile fonda. that'll also be gone for millions of years facing are true. they don't. yeah. there are still no clear regulations for extracting wrong

materials from the deep sea doubts are growing as to whether the underwater destruction is worth it. mining nodules would only be profitable if prices for metals rise and no other substitutes are found. done prison, inclined by for what at the end of the day is such a small contribution to the supply of raw materials to cause such major and truly long term damage. i don't think that's responsible for those, for so are some treasures better left undisturbed. the finally, the detectors sounds the alarm, but it can't tell whether a metal is valuable or not. that's part of what makes the hobbies so exciting. be interesting. just another poll tab. this time. one positive side effect of the

hobby is that the seekers also collect any metal waste. they fine for recycling marines while they're just tools and he is on a completely different kind of treasure hunt. so based insurance on his expeditions, you finds new marine organisms every day. sometimes they're tiny, like these pieces of coral. it does as far as that goes to show that's the greatest treasure for me. that in the oceans of which, by the way, cover most of our planet until 71 percent of our surface is water. and we're actually the blue planet and not planet ours. and then we depend on the oceans. but we still know so little about thought. you can see and every time i go out there i find new species and which is really satisfying, just to see how much our existence depends on the diversity of life. and the ocean is growing increasingly clear. it effects food wets. how materials are cycled. climate practically have refund to mental process on the

planet. nothing works without the oceans and their inhabitants. north content, a few 99 percent of the bio diversity on our planet is invertebrates and they make up the entire echo system on without them the whole system would simply kalauia wasn't able to just as team of columbia and animals like crowds, snails and corals. those are the true treasures of the sea back to mow and the ice looking for a more mundane sort of treasure. 8 hours after their search began, low finally strikes page arch, smoke. a ring that even fits aisha. it has to be checked against loss property claims 1st, but it was still a nice end to the days. treasure hunt because finding treasure can make you happier,

noting that wraps things up. thanks for watching and see you again next time on tomorrow today. bye for now. the,

[000:00:00;00] the human in the grips of business, he knew this 10 years of misery and destruction. road of that day in the car in middle east conflict. we go into journey through a country. no stopped in 75

minutes on d w the this shadows. these costs and video shed lights on the dog is devastating. colonial har is infected by germany across up and she employed to score those farms and destroyed sides. what is the legacy of this wide spread races, depression, today? history. we need to talk about here the stories, shadows of german colonialism. somewhere in the deserts between geneva is to have a whole list stick approach to migration policy,

rooted in that respect for human rights. our investigative research shows the reality behind the use refugee the was, is happening to migrants on the african con housing community unit docs,

november 9th. on the the, this is data when you hear his life from the election day in the us is under way. americans choosing between the presidential candidates come with a harris and donald trump. this job has voted in florida, is he thinks the return to the wife has 4 years after being voted out tens of millions of housing in battleground states. that could decide whether he returns or vice president horace becomes the 1st woman to win the race for the wise,