the training quincy starts your top line get in the what would life be like without steal fixing caused airplane, wind turbines, and count this other things. there's a problem that the heat involved so far, the highest melting temperatures necessary can only be reached with the help of fossil fuels. now a switch team wants to tap the most sustainable sol. this that's a move from the welding for such on dw sign ship. welcome to tomorrow. today the producing steel requires temperatures of over 1500 degrees celsius, burning oil and gas so far been the only way to reach them. but no one alternative

technology is under development at this with university f, l. sophia house and our is convinced solar energy you can provide heat for the steel industry in the future. she's designed to parabolic reflector for capturing and concentrating sunlight to do so 9. and i don't know if it was, i'd say the potential is huge because there are not many alternatives for producing high temperature heat from renewable sources. just size to factor is that going solar would help the industry save c o 2. a lot of it to be precise. around 7 and a half giga tons of the gas annually. that's how much is released when producing heat for industrial processes. it's around 30 percent of all industrial c o 2 emissions worldwide. and this was model. light is collected by a parabolic reflector and the sun raise or concentrated 1000 souls. to

produce steel, thousands of mirrors would have to work in concert to collect and concentrate enough light, which would be directed into a heat absorbing material. the heated material would then be fed into the steel works to drive to blast furnace. a facility like that doesn't exist the mirror or raise like that do for the temperatures necessary to power small steelworks, you need a field of mirrors the size of for football pictures. but there might be ways to massively reduce the amount of space needed engineer. i mean a yano cosigned to test developed what's called a thermal trap. it's a little more than a cylinder of chords. here we have our thermal top setup. we have these uh, parts are odd surface and to meet their of, of solid parts concentrated sunlight,

computer illustrated by a spotlight is fed directly into the thermal trap passing on the end or through the cords. at the other end of the trap, the light strikes the heat absorbing material, the absorber. it tries to release this energy, but the cords prevents the heat from escaping again. the absorber material grows hotter and hotter. it can quickly reach temperatures over 1000 degrees celsius. thermal traps could be easily integrated into existing mirrors. system says emiliano casado doubling their heat yield. there's no reason you can't make larger versions of this small prototype for industry. much thermal energy you will, you will deliver is just the mother of k. so you can do these 1000 times larger than you. we've got $1000.00 times more that or even more than energy. interesting

for the steel industry, which is currently looking for a cost effective and sustainable alternatives to oil and gas. could thermal traps make the change you for economically viable when it hits this whole are and if you want to bring new solar energy sources online, you would have to rework these processes and make investment license. so you would definitely have to calculate 5 to 10 years to sponsorship for the space in the auto ration would some places be more suitable for solar power blast furnaces than others? some warning did not his own line. the desert. you can harvest maybe 3 or 4 times more energy. that means beats along this hall. that's why we'll certainly want to produce a lot in countries where there's a lot of solar energy. and even if the sun does shine less in europe than in

arizona, solar heat could one day help make c o 2 free steel production or reality there as well. the spoiler where that's not everything that's possible in scientific times can be implemented, successful maintenance, the state for example, capturing the greenhouse gas c o 2 for storage. some went on to ground. the idea behind the technology is to slow down climate change that making it work is proving, but it's expensive and energy intensive. remember the early 2 thousands concept low phones were brakes and green day was having a moment. but if you're a climate scientists, you're probably focused on a different hop topic, carbon capture in storage. so basically, capturing fuel to from a plant that burns fossil fuels and bearing it underground technology promise to become key and fighting climate change is the most effective way to help alberta

meet its emission reduction goals. now the world has changed a lot and the last 20 years, but cps is still not the widespread. they have failed to meet the promise policy in terms of the quantity of the quality of what they during cc's or carbon capture and storage. fucks up a portion of this you to release that a fossil fuel plan. then companies can transport that sue to elsewhere, to store it away by injecting it into rocks into the c bed or into old form fuels, which ironically helps extract more oil. but more on that later, this technology has been used for a few decades now. but there's also 2nd option, direct the air capture or dash which in comparison a full baby tech here giant fans suck in air and pass it through a filter or through chemicals to trap c o 2 particles. these can be collected and stored underground. so basically it target c o 2 that's already in the atmosphere, top climate experts agree, but capturing carbon directly from smokestacks and removing it from the baptist

here is essential to help us become climate neutral by 2050. the, we're a severely lagging behind these technologies are only capturing 0 point one percent of our global emissions. meaning we're playing a massive game of catch up in the ninety's and securely in the uh, the $600.00. since that was an awful lot of promising a fact, calvin capture and storage that was in price price, also fuel jump, then use that was seen as is the way to, to square our emissions targets and, but to go on for anything. and the international energy agencies roadmap at the time the goal was to have $100.00 carbon capture and storage projects. operational by 2020. now, 4 years after this deadline, we have just over 40 commercial 60 s plants. we're not even halfway there. and while some of these projects are held at a success list, the list of failures as much longer the pin 10 full of full scale

plants doped and using success and most of which are subsequently shut down because i know financially viable more than 3 quarters of large scale projects initiated between 19952018 were called off or put on hold. that's according to a 2021 study. in the early 2006 dictation was that it was going to get cheaper. so technology got better and was scaled up. now the owners of carbon capture facilities are not very generous in sharing the information about how well live projects do or how expensive it is to capture c o 2. what's happened over time is there's no evidence. the cost of carbon capture has gone down . it's pretty hard to pinpoint what exactly the price of capturing carbon is their interest pretty big because it depends on the nature of the project and what the source of emission says. but it's about 15 to a $120.00 per metric ton that is captured just for reference,

a ton of through to is one passenger and it's on a flight from new york to paris. so multiply the price by the billions of tons we will have to capture for this tech to be effective. one way technology is good, cheaper is to scale them, but that's really hard with cps plants, which have complex designs that need to be customized. that's because there are a lot of variables. what type of fossil fuel plant is it? where is the c o 2 going to be stored? our company is going to get into that storage side. they can just be mass produced cookie cutter style pro, my subsea. cs allowed, the upper right is of the developers of fossil fuel power stations. to say, it's fine, we can go ahead with a snatter because we will be able to retrofit this technology on. so they, the planned on come to emissions in 5 or 10 or 15 years time. according to the research organization, bloomberg n e s big oil has actually been coveting away from investing into renewables. increasingly putting their, my need to solutions to keep their current business model viable,

like carbon capture and storage. exxon mobil for example, is going all in on that route and fully ignoring renewables. another thing about capturing carbon is that it's very often used to, well extract more oil. the majority of cs plants pump the c o 2, they trapped into aging fuel 6 track leftovers. because oil is really sticky and sick. so when you try to pump it out of a reservoir, a lot of it gets left behind. one way to get it out is to flush the field with c o 2, which works kind of like a lubricant. it makes the all more liquid and increases the pressure to get the crude out of the rock. this procedure is called enhanced oil recovery and 70 percent of 60 s plants use it. deposit of this, it can be a carbon capture more profitable, but it also means more oil to new oil is either used as a feed stock number of finery or as burned. and then what happens? it creates more c o 2. it's

a cycle that keeps the oil and gas industry alive and profitable. okay, that was a lot on c c s, but there's another form of carbon capture that's getting more and more attention directly or capture. there are only 4 large scale dec plans around the world to have them in iceland. that's also where the largest facility is. climb works, ma'am. of plant has the capacity to suck up to $36000.00 tons of c o. 2 of the apples here, every year in the grand scheme of things, that's a miniscule amount of the more than $37000000.00 tons we met from fossil fuels in a year. but it's also just the beginning when we get to see the peak of the promises that the direct capture. if we're able to expand direct air capture, it could help us target past emissions. but there's a big bottleneck when it comes to scaling back the cost. if you thought to see us was expensive, the price to capture a ton of c o 2 from the apples here is much higher. one ballpark figure is that it

costs around $500.00 to $700.00. energy is one of our biggest cost drivers. what many people don't know, what is that futures actually very then you to to know it here. so that means you have to move a lot of air to get to one ton of c o. 2, climb works announced the new technology by itself is a breakthrough and efficiency. whether it's new filters that will capture more than double the seo to the previous ones that should have the costs by 2030. but even then, it's still high at $250.00 to $350.00. i think it's only natural for humans to move the goal posts. if the price is different and it becomes more urgent, right? how do we measure the importance of what's the viper in the end, in terms of money? another open question with direct air capture is what happens when some c o 2 is captured, the plaza climb works is running already and check the c o 2 into best old trucks or volcanic rocks and the company says it will not engage and enhanced oil recovery the problem comes with the way they are promised. the truth of the matter,

as we already had last year, promises around 6, yes, many years later big or is still cheer leading for it at a scale that ignores that technology is shakoya track record. now we're seeing many companies lodge on to direct air capture, but this cannot become another wave of a political. so keep business running as usual. it's simply cheaper to avoid a ton of future today than to take it out of the essence here. otherwise 20 years from now, we'll look back to today and realized be over promised once again. hurricane heat waves must've rain, full human induced climate change has excessive a to dig stream, weather events in recent years. at the end of october 2024 over 200 people died following starts in spain, while in germany, which is rose to disastrous levels in the river valley. in 2021 research teams that are now monitoring how well it's ecosystems are recovering. the our river valley

one slips like this, a changing natural landscape home to many different plant and animal species. then floods in july of 2021, severely damaged the eco system. here this team of 4 young scientists visits the river regularly. they're all part of a project involving universities in the german cities of p, a and copeland's the researchers are studying the bed of the are the aquatic organisms living in and on it say a lot about how well the eco system is recovering from the flood. and its aftermath the po, number 0, someone can we gather samples with what's called kick sampling cancelled in the plant, the scoop and adding a relatively stable position in the ground. then stomp on the bed really hard for a while. all the animals which live mainly on in or under the stones are swept up

and that's where the current and the water comes in handy. it's pushes them right into the now the screws. the team usually catches small invertebrates, like worms, snails and insects larva before the flood d r was known for its rich biodiversity. the, the next to immediately after the flooded collapse completely, many species disappeared in bio diversity hasn't bounced back slowly. we're not seeing that yet, but that's what this project is about. monitoring how things develop to find out which habitats are recovering and how well the teen take samples and a number of points in the river. they also monitor water quality, which is closely linked to the wellbeing of the rivers, phone of nutrients that promote the growth of algae or one parameter.

they leaked from waste water systems heavily damaged by the flooding that are treated waste water was discharged into the river and not waste water contained a lot of nutrients. we now want to investigate in more detail how things will develop over the next few years. those investigations are carried out and allowed at the university of co plans. here the team calculates levels of compounds like phosphates, nitrates and ammonium. if a water sample turns dark blue, it contains to many of them. the project is scheduled to run for 6 years and is meant to provide scientific support for any restoration measures. but it's still early days. the team head to the river every 2 weeks to check its water quality. any changes or the spread just start quickly. by steven, for example,

winter's works are dug out to build a new bridge that can quickly cloud the water or, or set free nutrients or pollutants that may have accumulated tear during the flood based on the laura tom and then the work release is and mobilizes them again, that high levels of nutrients can harm aquatic life forms. because when lots of analogy, it grows and subsequently decomposes oxygen and water levels drop. and that has consequences for the animals that inhabit the river. in a lab, it's a 2 year university of applied science, as the young researchers therefore, also analyze how many invertebrate micro organisms are found in the samples. under the microscope, the team sorts the animals into different groups and determine species like this

may fly larva and an honest individual species are highly adapted to their environment. this means that when we find certain species that indicates particularly good water quality, for example, because they need oxygen, bridgewater, that's why she called the initial results show that some species are already re populating. d, r in the future. recommendations will also be made on how recovery and conservation efforts can best be streamlined at the optimized with one on, on other extreme weather events. the due by the project also looks at construction work from a biological and ecological perspective. this means for instance, that if the weather turns very dry in the future plan should incorporate a residual channel where water always flows where species that depend on water could survive. so i'm going to use an invalid and conservation plans for other

rivers will also benefit from the findings on the r the to figure out how well the works exactly, and full cost it accurately. we rely on such a nights. what influence, for instance, do clowns have on cooling all woman processes in the atmosphere? in june 2020 for a new e. so set to night was launched to help provide deeper insights into climate change . the. this is just after 1 in the morning and the isa control room and darmstadt. the tension rises. so it looks like we have a signal of the scientists of established contact with their satellite, successfully mastering another critical phase of today's launch. firstcare thing is up and rolling the data and so forth. thank goodness we're really relieved because it doesn't always happen at 1st contact. in fact,

it can take several lower bits. so it was perfect. perfect. the 1st is critical moment, had come and gone just under an hour earlier when the space ex falcon 9 rocket carrying the earth observation, satellite launched in vandenberg, california. everyone involved was holding their breath on take off 1st care tips, the scales at around 2 tons and is equipped with 4 state of the art instruments. became of the cooperative mission between isa and the japanese space agency jacks is to the site for an atmospheric interactions. climate and weather on our planet are primarily driven by solar radiation. however, it's distributed very differently in the atmosphere and interacts with both the water vapor and solid particles. they play a central role in climate research. some of the unprecedented is the combination of instruments on a single satellite. they let us observe clouds and aerosols,

along with the interactions with radiation coming from the earth and from the sun all at the same time comes i to dismissal times. over the next few years, 1st care will observe our planet from an altitude of 393 kilometers. it's instruments will send out light pulses and analyze the reflected signals. among other things, the researchers want to use the required data to create a 3 d model of the atmosphere and unprecedented detail. one bigger goal is to improve climate and weather models. the experts hope that in the future or care data will help them better forecast storms, floods or in pending droughts, a new era. an observation, as a meeting is using existing techniques. for example, with optical sensors you observe clouds and see which types they are. the new thing about the japanese cloud radar is that you can look inside cloud. so recognize things like vertical movement. and for instance, whether it's raining or snowing ice,

what's actually happening in the cloud to things you just can't see. otherwise, you couldn't do that before. and it's unique, an instrument like this has never flown before. the mission is costing europe and around 800000000 euro as while 52000000 is being shipped in by japan. he says, director general says the cooperation sends an important signal about remaining competitive in space. this was one of just suicide. the public money spent in europe. there's a fraction of that spent in the us or china for example. you know, we have to make sure we don't fall behind and are knocked out of the race. that's what we're currently discussing with member of countries. yes, that'd be to, it's would be defended. this could be a 3. it's no early days for the mission. over the next 6 months, the researchers will test everything repeatedly and only then what parts care operations to be viewed as routine. but it's already says, largest and most complex, 1st observation, vision to date,

designed to help us better understand how our world works. let us read why do you have a question for us science to send it to us as a video, text or voice mail? if we don't see your query on the show, you'll receive a little surprise as a sign key. so go on just task. this time on view, a question comes from wayne k in the us. the how do we know there are other star systems? and are they like ours? our solar system is just one of the countless others in the universe. more than 4000 planetary systems have already been discovered in our galaxy alone, most or so far away, the telescopes can see the stars directly, but not the planets. so how do we know there?

there are many were detected using what's called the transit method, which can be illustrated by the example of a solar eclipse here on earth. when the moon's orbit takes get between us and the sun, it casts a shadow here on ours. when it covers the sun completely, that goes dark here. when a distant planet crosses between us and it starts the light from, it also appears to us to dim just a little in a telescope. the star flicker is very slight, like the transit method can even be used to determine whether distant planets have that the spheres an x. so planet can also be detected via the movement of the star and orbit. as the planet moves around the star, it's gravity causes the much larger body to warble a little that changes its light spectrum. and we can see that if the planet is moving towards us, the light from it start shift towards the blue part of the spectrum. if it's moving

away from us, the star is light grows more reddish. the 1st effect, so planetary system discovered has at least 6 planets. a planted circle, our own sun for rocky worlds close in and for gas giants on more distant orbits. another planetary system identical to ours as yet to be discovered. the one around 2500 light years away looks at least somewhat similar. kepler 90 also has a planets with rocky will rolls on the inside tracks and gas giants farther out. however, all of them poor bit closer to their star than the yours is to the sun. so that's where the similarities and the

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trip here as much as i did about you. what's your opinion? feel free to write your thoughts and the comments they gave me the name moved flu would means happy. when i was 8 years old, i was already dreaming of a future as a singer or something i wanted to become. the funeral of my family moved his dream was within reach. she'd become a star in turkey overnight. then a man took everything from with the help of to the family and music. she rebuilt her life. and then the system also became a family scholar by hatred and mother and the daughters. i am willing to work for change and also so i will sing my song say, well, this injustice will not go on punishing. maybe my voice will be heard back to bring

to our law. seeking justice for the victims of sam assign starts november 21st on d, w. the this is the w news live from balance, most global in the us about allowing ukraine to use missiles to strike deep inside russia. the missiles can reach targets up to 300 kilometers within rushes, borders. the kremlin spokesman says allowing the useful, significantly raised the stakes in the complex well, so on the program, it's a 1000 days since russia began its full scale invasion of ukraine. we take a look at what again is a special military operation. that's what the kremlin coal this but then turned in .