and certainly alice services be our guest at frankfurt and bought cd managed by from bought the business dw news line from berlin. south korea's president drops his plan to impose marshall last year. and so he owns abrupt about face comes after protesters surrounded the parliament building, and lawmakers voted against the president's head earlier, some shock waves through the nation with an unannounced late night tv address. also coming up under the program, syrian revel forces closed in on the key city of hama. as they advanced against the regime of bashar assad. the syrian army says it's striking back with russian air, support the

an air and told him welcome to the program. south korea as president is facing calls to resign after him post martial law and then lifted it just hours later. you and so keel was forced to back track after a backlash from lawmakers and protesters. and like, it's the 1st time martial law has been declared in south korea since 1980, where the country was not yet to democracy. even this drastic move comes after he lost his parliamentary majority in april and his approval rating hitting all time low. thousands of people took to the streets and so confronting army troops and police citizens were in shock and opposed to what they had just heard. and late night tele, vice presidential address a ton of declaring martial law. to protect the free republic of korea from the threat of north korean communist forces,

to eradicate the despicable pro north korean empty states forces that are plundering the freedom and happiness of our people. and to protect the free constitutional order over some problem to protest is also gathered outside south korea's parliament. i believe it is a citizen of this country. i have to step up and take action. this kind of thing should never happen. it feels like we're returning to the air of dictatorship. it's simply not right for president june to just take things into his own hands like this good news, the felt anxious after watching the news. i also suppose this is such a national shame. zip cable was

a stand of developed in front of the parliament as protests as try to prevent soldiers from entering. the building on the helicopters, landed on the roof and troops forced entry, seemingly in the fits to prevent lawmakers from getting inside. but with the help of citizens, 190 lawmakers managed to get in and hold an extraordinary session. in a vote, they unanimously rejected use declaration and demanded that the most lo be lifted. do you want me to go ahead to, hey, i'm, you know, the tube soon with do and show to the off to you and spoken tv again. announcing the re bessler who kelly kellum hedges after the national assembly demanded the marshal law be lifted. the marshal, our troops have been withdrawn, although i will accept the national assemblies demand and lift martial law through

a cabinet meeting. question me, the president humans move to impose and then read the smallest law came abruptly though he plain north korea and dia position analysts believe humans. decree was actually an attempt to hold onto power and push through his cabinets agenda. as the parliament is controlled by the opposition, if that was really the case, it clearly backfired. catherine luna is a professor of political science and share of asian studies as well as the college in massachusetts. i asked her to explain why the queen president imposing, imposed rather and then quickly lifted martial law. it's very hard to make sense of this to be fully honest here. um, we don't really know why president, you're on the declared martial law late at night. and it only lasted 2 and a half hours. the national assembly quickly gathered and the

leader of the opposition democratic party, as well as the leader of his own conservative people's power party work together to unite naturally. assembly members who showed up in the middle of the night and unanimously voted to a know and revoke this martial law declaration. or it's possible that he felt so pressed by the inability, his inability to actually govern. and that might have caused this declaration. there are people in korea who say that his wife, who has been covered with political scandals, even before his election. it started in the campaign back in 2021, 2022. she has continued to gather a media and public coverage because of allegations regarding stock

price, manipulation of drives through the receivable of luxury goods and a whole slate other accusations, the democratic party members in the national assembly or intend on trying to get a special council or investigator to, to investigate the situation. and president, you also has such a low favorability ranking down at 17 percent or so and has not been able to be effective in any way. so i think his own personal and political weakness made him act in this way. but it really does not make sense. it's such a drastic, drastic reaction to whatever trouble he felt he was having. and as you were just saying, there lawmakers from his own party voted against the declaration where they boring the public pressure or did you overplays hand?

i think he overplayed it and i don't think he even thought about his hand. it's really hard to understand why what prompted him. and i would not say that the national assembly members bound to public pressure and the people were in bed sleeping, for the most part by the national assembly members. they took action right away. and some even climbed over the fences and walls surrounding the national assembly building because the police for blockading it, but they want it to get into the building in order to do their job. and it's really the public came out uh early in the morning and then later today and obviously expressed their deep discontent and worries about what is happening to their democracy. yeah, that's are saying that the public is still under feeding soul. so how do you see the situation plain? i know that martial law has been rescinded. could we see a continued escalation or i don't think there will be

a public escalation. i think the president is and will continue to be under fire to resign. and i am sure that the national assembly will be proceeding with impeachment, processing fees or procedures. the public will be clamoring for resignation, impeachment, and accountability uh, through law. so i think he's in a lot of trouble. i don't know how he can possibly hold on to his his position. what's also interesting is that he tried to lean on his cabinet in order to follow a procedure or protocol to actually lift martial law when he took no such action. prior to it, he did it really deliberate with anybody except for the defense minister. it seems and caught his entire government for the most part off guard. but his cabinet members are also in a very insecure position. he had about a week ago already announced at the end of november, or that he was planning to do

a cabinet re shuffling. so there is a lot of unrest, a lot of uncertainty coming from the presidency itself. and we'll see in the next few days and weeks how things uh um, continue to either clear up or possibly get the in the, in fighting between the parties and with, in his own people's power party. i think it's going to be pretty intense. yeah, we are seeing some really chaotic times in political soul right now. our. i'm afraid we have to leave it there. that was catherine moon at wellesley college. thank you very much for joining us. thank you. or nato secretary general has arch member states to increase their military support for ukraine. markwood as call comes after ukraine pushed for progress on joining the alliance. nato foreign ministers have been meeting to discuss a portrait cube in its defense against russia's invasion in finding present to me as a lensky suggestive they might agreed to

a cease fire if need to extend its protection to the parts of the country under kings control, nato has so far declined to say when or how it will offer ukraine membership. and that's because of concerns that it could be drawn into direct conflict with brush out my code, the one that the next few months of the war will be decisive. ukraine is entering a nother crucial but and specialist regression shows no sign of a basic just the opposite. booting is ramping up his rhetoric and reckless actions . he is using ukraine as a testing ground for experimental mishaps and is deploying north korean soldiers in this illegal of work. bolton is not interested in peace. he's pressing on trying to take more tactic, because he thinks he can break ukraine's results and hours. but he is wrong to grade his rights to defend itself, and we have

a duty to help them. so we needs to continue our steps fast support. so let's take a look now at some of the other headlines making news around the world. joe biden has met with his uncle and conner part of july and lori and so in the capital, one to us president is on a 3 day visit to discuss a major rail core door intended to showcase the us investment and to counter china is growing influence on the african continent, present, glory ensuing described the by and visit as a key turning point in us in goal and relations. it may be yours just how the court has rejected the challenge of countries. october elections of the countries outgoing president filed the lawsuit, seeking to have the parliamentary vote declared unconstitutional. the ruling comes after a 5th night, the protest sparks for the government's decision deposit. a session talks with the european union series and revel are, are right. rather revolution,

syria are closing in on the city of hum, pushing ahead with their assault against government forces there. the city of homo was a bastion of opposition against president bush char. aside when protest 1st started in 2011 edison faced a series of buying with region crackdowns the as a misled rebels launch their lightning assault last week. quickly capturing the city of a level. the one says nearly 50000 people have been displaced. and over 100 civilians killed in this latest flare up of the syrians of war. on highway to hama is law. most rebels are advancing further south. they've now captured new towns in the province. so don't, it's just north of homeless city. the last time rebels were here 7 years ago. they say they're hoping to welcome back civilians to support the opposition for exile by government forces. the sort on the law the and i've just had the one that we are in

the town to sit down cause has granite has victory. thank god. how about, uh, mean uh as well. but i said, well, what i wanna say for deliberative from is that scans and we're now working on returning civilians to the homes, you know, be with the him, certainly being of, i mean, leading new sensitive isn't as long as militant crew co pay at the heading to show or h t s. have long been designated to terrorist organization by the un and the us. various arms groups have joined them, including fighters, backed by turkey. as they advanced to the south. their next goal is to seize the city of homes, giving them control of the strategic highway linking damascus to the syrian coast well on. and if you don't have it these, yeah, we're heading to home a city, and after that i'm willing to home and then to damascus. and the rest of syria will be liberated. nfl has always done some residents of damascus have already started

to waive their options. they say they will stay, no matter what, what's the issue with living in our homeland, our land, our country. we won't leave, that's all true on the side of the government has vowed to fight back aided by russia and run back militias who have been preoccupied with their own conflicts. the un says tens of thousands have been displaced since the latest defensive began by highlighting the bodies the reset of this collision, of course, really just has cause many civilian casualties. displays tens of thousands of people are in the update degree because the services understood update. our, you know, communicating operations. defensive is the most serious escalation of the conflict in years. it has only added to what is one of the world's largest displacement crises. more than 11000000 people have been displaced in the 13 years of war in

syria. and you're up to date, but to stick around coming up. next we take a look at how samples of lunar rocks actually put we know about the move. stay tuned for tomorrow today. thanks for joining us. the of the

up to now as for note, some probes have brought in any 400 kilograms of moving. welcome back to us. where on the moon did they come from? and tell us they changed how we view closest celeste steel, neva. them one is to the moon, is a history book that allows us to look far back into the passcode. could the some post from china's 2020 full moon mission to throw out new mysteries. it's my going to see how the moon is still good for a surprise or 2. we know a little scientist, appetites have been wedded, but lunar research still has a long way to go to for the july 1969 apollo astronauts set off on the 1st mission to land on the moon that destination and luna plane on the side of it the faces us

good rate, our data there was no way to print just a landing with the spacecraft. touch down safely or sink deep into dust and tip of here and go live lambert palermo. 6. around 600000000 people. watch the historic events on television. neil armstrong and buzz aldrin spent 2 and a half hours on the newness surface. they carried out experiments and collected almost 22 kilograms of rocks to bring back to us. traces of the mission to still visible on the satellite side. toast take home today. nasa sent 6 crude space officers, you know, to the maintenance on the 1st flights the st. louis was less on collecting samples

and more on landing, safely in slash areas. laser trip schools say target to the areas that were more difficult to reach the fitful, the apollo emissions landed on the near side of the main times. 2 is quite easy to suppose to be the imagine if you had to describe the earth's geology based on just a few landing sites, you wouldn't see much and it's the same for us with the moon's the more landing sites. and the more samples we have from different sites, the better it is in the end is high. what's going on on the apollo 15 mission expanded some reasons. it's asked to note. so able to explore extensively for the 1st time with a new no rosa and they collected much more than that to be

dismissed as from a wide range of sites. so the last mission in the series, apollo's 17, was the 1st with the scientist on board. oh, wait a minute, geologist harrison just makes or borrow well. he made a surprising discovery. orange material amidst all the gray. it was the groundbreaking insights through one in total, the apollo astronauts brought more than 380 kilograms of moon. welcome back to us from 6 landing sites. the largest chunk is nick named big muley. like most of the other materials from the apollo emissions. it's a non sufficient see in houston. labs samples is stored in nitrogen to protect them

from moist. yeah. the lunar samples give her such as glimpses into a fall distant past that yeah, cuz i'm going to a pull all of the hollows samples allow us to look back about 4400000000 years or time of course, very close to the formation of the planets we think earth formed 4500000000 years ago, so that means we're very, very close to saying what happened in the beginning funk plus here showing this chunk of fine flu, deprived, launched in november 2020 its mission to bring some pulse back to us around 5 decade south to the last depaula emissions the the talkative location was specifically chosen to provide missing data understanding gaps in what we already know. chunk of 5 landed in a volcanic area and collected almost 2 kilograms of dustin drugs. the long journey

has its success. a chunk of 6 was launched at the beginning of may 2024 to collect trucks for the 1st time from the fall side of the mood. geologists have been eager to have them for decades. the in labs here on us main rocks could be examined with a range of highly sensitive methods, able to precisely determine the age and composition. even just looking at it in that light microscope told experts and lots about the rocks, history, and development. the composition of the minerals and this size showed, for example, what depths the rock crystallized and how quickly it cooled

the very 1st apollo samples changed on the view of ops on it. they contained 3 previously unknown minerals. it later turns out that these luna minerals also exist on us quite rat. the most of the samples are well documented photos and satellites. images have been made of the sites they were taken from the surroundings. the, with this data, research has developed a message for determining the age of various pumps of the main surface. the larger and more numerous, the crate is off. the old to the area is becoming guns more. i can date the entire moon using this method even when no humans have ever walked on to a particular surface. and i can also apply the method to other celestial bodies of

so i can also date mercury in mars. i can date the surface of an asteroid and eco, and as the reading or pollution that to you, in the luminous pulse of given us insights into the early days of all of the system. they can be used for instance, to reconstruct when the nascent tenants was struck by asteroids and comments unto heavy the bombardment was on us tectonic movements drives rocks underground, where it mounts in raising traces of our planet. sadly, history, both to vegetation and at all. so alter the surface the samples collected even revealed the secret as the origin of all moving in the borrower tree. it turns out that the moon rocks with very similar to terrestrial rocks the or until then there was several series about where on the came from. now it's rocks revealed

. this, it was actually positive us the, the evidence indicates that move in 4 and a half 1000000000 years ago, a mazda sized celeste deal, body grain style plants, hot materials from bodies bodies was held into space. this eventually formed looking for an almost 50, i thought that the cooling of the moon's crossed a certain deformation of its upper crust, happens very quickly now, 50000000 years after the collision of the quarter stuart geologically, that is very fast for this. of course, these are dimensions that we humans can't really imagine the 1st thing. and it certainly days the moon was bon bonded heavily. the impacts left behind knowledge crisis, which relate to flow data by rising maxima, the,

the rock cools and forms the doc crate is that gives the moon its face. the decades off to the apollo emissions researches retrieve the samples from the archives and examined them using new methods. in this number, they may have actually discovered the oldest us roque as the meteor writes, possibly held it from the still young us towards the moon. where it fused with this woke in another impact, another groundbreaking discovery was made and the orange colored material collected by apollo's 17 glass beads containing lu. now more than you wonder for knows if we were to assume that the water came from the earth,

then it would naturally collect on the surface of the glass be so not inside them as in. so in this respect, we are very sure that we actually have water from the moon in these level glass beads and gas producing volcanic eruptions pro no more to with the maxima to the means surface. in the frigid vacuum, the hawk dropped. plants instantly froze into glass beads, trapping the water inside the samples from the chinese pro chung of 5. also, he had some surprises, such as have discovered even more so in them than in the apollo rocks embedded in glasgow bills that were formed during meets your rights impacts. they full more to release it again and might even drive luna water cycle.

all of these discoveries have made the moon interesting again, service such as after world war 2 is the most important results to crude space travel. the one area in particular on the fall side of the moon has interested planet tree geologists, the decades rocks from that. and now allowing them to look even further back in time. the nasa the south pole 8 can base and is almost 2500 kilometers in diameter and about slashing kilometers deep the it foamed mold in full 1000000000 years ago when a huge asteroid crushed into the mood that shot to dates crossed until its material f. onto this fist from politeness of rock its materials that could provide new

insights into the us, the really good. now i don't know exactly what the 1st rocks on earth looked like, nor do we know exactly how old the earth is. and only the moon could tell us that more. that means looking into the past. and if we have manual material from the move, and then we also know what magnet was composed of right at the very beginning. back when the earth was very young and the moon formed in summer, the maxima, 400 people. the apollo crate is located in the 18 basin. china's most recent luna pro chung us 6, retrieve samples from this crates, a full robots worked together to make that possible. the space pro reach the moon's old bridge in early may. 2024. it took just on the 3 weeks to touch down at its destination. and drop off the land to robots, which reached the luminous faced on june the 1st

the months in advance. a relay satellite was positioned and luna obits to transmit the data to us. radio signals comp reach the false side of the moon directly using a special digging device. and a drill the line to a robot collected around 2 kilograms of rock samples, the a transpose, and then carry that precious call. go back to the probe which brought the rock to us, the geologist, several reggie, eagerly awaiting data. the full of them may just space faring nations now have luna times in the coming decades stations that to be built to the south pole. a crude missions will reveal in even more detail how the moon was full and,

and most of us looked like around 4 and a half 1000000000 years ago. the, [000:00:00;00] the how do you motivate others to get involved in quite a bit action if it's well making things fun can be a good way to start. maybe with a game of football or some music, of whether collecting waste or repairing was household items. we can all do audits . welcome to a new edition of eco africa. i'm personal items, illegals, nigeria,