to dillman to the q one you have you have a one, the front porch response and the unexpected side to side the there are nearly 10000 earth quakes every year and another 50 to 60 volcanic eruptions to that nuclear tests. we know this because they're highly sensitive monitoring stations around the world that sometimes scientists encounter a mystery. call them and the more on this edition of dw science show. welcome to tomorrow. today. here in the middle of the forest in south west and germany does a very special research center. the black forest observatory o b s o. it's an ideal location for measuring seismic waves,

the vibrations that travel through the us, the somebody's moments is a house. then in the band and mine deep within the mountain side, perfect conditions for detecting even the faintest rumbles beneath the surface. the thing hit peeve with deep inside the, surrounded by black forest, granite expects a very strong and dense rock which shields all saw his moments as from outside influences. the temperature here is very stable and they're all pressure. looks that shield the sized moment has from atmospheric pressure variations, and obviously, i guess it's geophysicist thomas for the guy and his colleague rudolph smith mesh need to take a moment to the saw. he's moment sense, which most of the record signals from of quakes box in september 2023. the somebody's moment has picked up and i'm familiar signal. it was nothing like an us quick, which a p is brief bus from the sound track. the signal was more like a continuous, monotonous how to how many items this is one month of the day. so converted into

sound. when you watch and listening, you can tell the streets away that this signal, this somebody's mac wave is highly unusual for chrome. is present, there is not us quakes time on goals, the big ones at 1st, he couldn't listen to the sound but noticed the unusual vibrations in the recordings . it was a sunday and he was at home. he took a look at the data coming in from the b f o and was puzzled by we'll see sol healthy because to live with us, i really wondered whether something might be broken. so i checked the day, so coming in from another measuring station far away in the us. and so the same signal that, oh hunger show from that is confirmed. it wasn't a defect of thoughtful 100, but it was real class, at least it was a strong signal and it was detectable. well, why and i that was different from anything i've ever seen before. so when i click

on these content, it was an unusual study installation that was persisting for non, usually long time. 7 days after it was supposed to tech did it was still registering on the sides moment to the to g. a scientists decided to collaborate with other researchers from around the world to determine it's thoughtful. after a few days the trail, let them to the dixon fields on green lens, eastern coast. around the same time, the size make signal appeared. a 200 meter high megabytes to know me how to code. it was triggered by the collapse of a mountain peak, causing a mass of lamps light into the fuel. danish geologist christian spent evict suspect to the connection between the 2 events. we've been work now for good to us trying to combine these 2 and so on sliding phenomenon to find out houses the

giant land slanders with i'm a code crossed this very strange size me signal that has never been upsets before. this rain dots are filled with most represents the fuel. the lamb slowly generated a mass of waves that searched out of the field tsunami. went on the sides. and then the volta push it forward to buy the land slide search to will the opposite rule of the field. it pumped into that hole and bouncing off it should pretend i'm to bounce back again. come to me. so the waves was smashing back and forth in the narrow fjords, screeching a standing wave. a say should be finished. do that, i'll try to recreate to the effect with this group state where you can once these it should be this all solution generates at the sides, make energy causing ground vibrations that were detected across the world and had to know. yeah, i can see your tom it's likely that land slides in the take will become more frequent as a result of climate change. just below the mountain seed peak,

that part of the collapse there was a glacier in the gully and the glacier retreated into a you know, the past decade and that ended means that the mountain top lost its support and collapsed. so we can kind of trace that back to climate change that we see this in a new area that i take where we haven't looked at for means that we have to look a lot broader for these types of the climate change. the just asked us, we have a similar lance lights in the, in central west present where they've cost human lives. so the next time a land slide leads to a standing wave, the scientists here in the black forest observe a tree. we'll have a better understanding of what caused it record heat year after year and 2024 is no exception. according to the european climate agency, it's virtually certain to be the hottest year on record. for the 1st time,

global temperatures have surpassed $1.00 degrees celsius above 3 industrial levels are glaciers or melting. can they be saved? and what would happen if they disappear? the timing through snowing ice on the planet's colors peak in a world without glaciers. this could become a distant memory without ice to service clue massive walls of rock could crumble. this outline high perched and the switch placed through make disappear. and if the rocky debris falls into the lake formed by meltwater, we could have catastrophic flooding which could even clean lights a world without glaciers. what would that mean? that's what they think. if there's no glaciers would signal a catastrophe, but that would only be the beginning things to swing by. then we'd have triggered multiple deployment, tipping points. and global heating would be so extreme man, that life on earth would be very uncomfortable. no. can you look at out,

speak the thought to what would be left as a barren desert of debris and that's the own. but education, we'd begin to reclaim the area surprisingly quickly. within a few years or decades, the grass this month and eventually small trees would start to grow moles and punch . but how clean going the last with this ice field and alaska is melting at an alarming rate. but in new green ecosystem is emerging to take its place. so nature as a whole would survive if glaciers disappear. but it would be a problem for us. human pollutants once locked beneath the ice with sleeping to our drinking water and contaminate the swim without mount water draught would take hold. regents like the peruvian andes in central asia with loose or only 4th of water in the summer crops. whitfield and people would be forced to be dropped as water levels dropped many rivers

with no longer support shipping. meanwhile, other areas would face the opposite problem, too much water. the rising sea levels would be the biggest problem, explains michelle as them to heads the world. glacier monitoring service, along with glaciers, ancient ice sheets formed over thousands of years, would also mount it only like if all the world glaciers mounted sea levels would rise by about half a metres vehicle. but the real threat comes from the mouth of ice chains in greenland and an article on agreements ice alone could raise the levels by 7 meters for me to the west and arctic. i could add another 7 meter and mostly for me and east, and artic. and nearly 50 meters, a rise of just 3 meters and major coastal cities like casablanca and dubai would be flooded. mom by would likely vanish under water. could humanity

for 5, a world without glacial. as we don't make a patient, there would be a negative impact. we'd have to adapt, especially with respect to managing water resources, electricity production, and river transport on full. still humanity would survive if glacier disappeared rather with beloved mathias closest. but you're studying the consequences of retreating glaciers. the changes to the environment and our ways of life would be profound. without glaciers to store water, we might need to build huge reservoirs and are placed there would still be rainwater to store in some places even more than today. and a massively expanded railway system could take the place of last shipping round but is this the future were destined for the entire time at models clearly shows that stain gloves are 2 degree climate target to preserve most clay sure in the middle. so,

but if the temperatures rise by 5 date degree celsius, but all, all architectures would be gone, only glitch and wrecked. and this worst case scenario shares will be extinct within 2 or 300 years. but even if we meet our climate target places will continue to shrink. so we'll need to adapt either way. in the meantime, there are steps we can take to help preserve our collections. for new products, we need to stop just talking and start acting. let's see, for instance, driving 250 meters with a gasoline engine mounts, one killer of glacier i like to. but the good news is by not driving those 250 meters, we can save that. cuba revised clicked. so in series humans as a space, these could survive a world without glaciers, but whether that happens is also up to us to slow down climate change. we'll also need to on do some of the damage already done in the us around 3000000

or send oil wells or rusting away fuel have been properly planned, and many are releasing significant amounts of the greenhouse gas, methane, orson, welles, oil wells, abandoned by their operators are scattered across the u. s. landscape like this one in the wide open fields of montana in the countries northwest there over 3000000 orson welles nationwide. most whenever properly the commission and many are now leaching police to the water and air. curtis chuck is an engineer in 2019, he launched a well done foundation, which has been working to plug or vin wells. the. this is an open, well bore and this is what of the 1st wells that i came across

in montana like i was embarrassed for the oil and gas industry that in any universe that it was okay to walk away and leave something like this behind. so when i started the 1st do the calculation of math and out of these as like, you know, as a head scratcher, it's like, well, wait a minute, this can't be rice, methane a greenhouse gas has an even greater impact on global warming than carbon dioxide. curtis is trailers filled with instruments. he uses to monitor hundreds of wells and smells the gas mount over here. at the moment, he's measuring methane emissions a single well, can i get as much gas as thousands of cars? in addition to methane, there's all kinds of other bad stuff that's in there. things like i said, and propane in beauty, pain, a pen chains and hack sayings, which are known cancer causing agent. selecting all these boar holes will take

years, but the foundation is determined to make a start. after months of preparation, they're ready to tackle this well the the pipes are screwed together, forming a long straw that reaches the wells, bottom 200 meters below the surface. plugging a single well, costs $80000.00. we actually use estrada step estimate all the way to the bottom 1st and then we'll draw. the drawback out as that cement section is coming up. the wellborn cassie's like owns the land where the swell is located for families sold, the oil rides here many years ago as a arm or i didn't even know anything was coming out of that. so usually you can't

smell anything. you don't, you can't see anything coming out even in the winter time. there's that steam or anything. so i, i didn't know there was anything going into the atmosphere. kathy is great. grandfather started drilling for oil on this land and the 1920 is by the 1950s to begin selling the oil rights. today. several different companies are drilling for oil on the families land. i don't often know what company is pumping or working the difference in different spots on my land. it's changes a lot, some, some companies go bank wrapping it in the band with them in another company might move in and try again and start something that oil. well, but it's changed so many times over the years that you, it's hard to keep track what's happened here is common. many oil companies choose to file for bankruptcy rather than cover the cost of decommissioning, their wells. back at the site,

the pipe is in place and the cement is ready to be pumped in. at the end of the day, we'll see submit coming back to the surface. and that means that the gas is gone. the emissions is stopped and it's a great success. one well at a time and only $2000000.00 more to go over the next year. curtis shock plans to plug $200.00 wells. it's a massive undertaking, but only a drop in the bucket when it comes to the countries or for an oil wells. methane is odorless, so we can't smell it. but most methane used in industry and daily life contains an additive that makes it smell like rock megs. methane is highly combustible, so it can cause explosions. and it's a health risk that he knows is that can detect methane leaks,

could help electronic noses already in use today, like in this private garden, the sense is inside the device smith out since molecules in the, in 24 hours a day the electronic nose is very south, across summer refinery in southern germany. this facility process is crude oil into gasoline and diesel fuel. occasionally, otis can be detected on the refinery grounds like the smell of crude oil. it's not a pleasant sense, but it's not home for hydrogen, sol, side, on the other hand, is much more dangerous. even small amounts can irritate the airways while higher concentrations are extremely hazardous. that's why 9 electronic noses on duty here working around the clock. they continuously send data to make size.

lemme the heat closely monitored is every electronic nose including the one in the nearby gone all of these nose is function using the same principle as some few for she does. and so one for about we use for different types of senses each using different measurement principles to detect specific substance. great stuff to take to do this stuff appropriate. the green line represents sofa compounds found in crude oil, on the case the you know, and the orange lines indicates hydrocarbons like gasoline and diesel been seen. what a visa, when people with the blue line represents gases such as me thing which is a key component of crude oil. when the nose is display green, that means there are no significant changes in the air indicating that the facility is authorizing normal name. why? because it was so electronic noises could help this

a catastrophe. but what happens when they smell something unusual? because lemme explains otis can escape giving tasks like tank cleaning, for instance at tank 7. and electronic nose is monitoring the a. if dangerous substances are detected, the nose changes color and trigger is an alarm. because benoit, that's the only option for this indicates a definite change in the as composition product. so i would notify the production department and have them check the area for any potentially select what else could ultimately i'm punk, see, the refinery has a team of oh, to detection specialists on stand by for situations like this, monica who josh how relies on to tools a mobile knows and own sense of smell,

to use as the mobile egos to collect sundays or on site transmission. it live to massage lemme chosen, inspects the area herself, taking a careful smith via cuz we, we also rely on our own nose is using our sense of smell to detect anything unusual to give a shift because we're familiar with this sense. we monitor and know what crude oil typically smells like. it's easier for us to tell if an oda is abnormal or completely normal. monica hotel show has received specialized training and can detect even the slightest nuances incent. it's been genuine with an eye examination is complete with neither i nor the mobile e nose detect any unusual sense of unimed forward to protect workers and residents. electronic noses and human noses form the perfect team. the,

even the smartest machines still require some human help, but the shift toward autonomous systems continues. the latest generation of machines is intelligent, flexible, mobile, and even capable of learning. the 50 volts is on its way to work. this will turn in this vehicle, a hybrid of car and robot follows instructions from senses imbedded in the ground. today its task is watering trees. yeah, of us we had got the one we just saw was the task watering. it may look simple because it, it involves highly complex processes from 64, the city bought in drug development and pivoted on it, as jesse is so healthy, it can even leave diagonal there. that kind of, you know, uses positional data from the sensor because it receives its task and then proceeds to go to the assignment tree. so i'm, i'll talk on on uh, just uh,

this involved this highly automated machine is capable of much more developing. believe that one day the city boat will be able to trim hedges, collect garbage and deliver packages. the autonomous battery powered vehicle has a top speed of 50 kilometers our the city board will be valuable during labor shortages, but that's just positive it's potential. the broad goal is to address one of the biggest challenges of today and the future. this autonomous vehicle aims to make mobility emission free while also reducing traffic on the roads. you know, i'm not be investing lucas, we sold inspiration from the most efficient logistical system and there is one from the human circulatory system. these yet, well, our concept involves using controlling software to coordinate and control the set, you know, slight marion that we're on, on allowing us to reduce traffic control,

somebody. currently the city boat is still in its on the jump training phase. the stadium here in frank set functions as a kind of the board tree under control conditions with minimal traffic, few people, and to tell, operate to monitoring everything in the background. terms if you're between, we have a variety of activities going on here. there's trades, people coming in, going curious, businesses and families out, trouble with that baby strollers. just stopping to take a look, a phone going. these are fairly typical conditions, but it's also a controlled environment. there are no foss moving calls, and everyone is mindful of each other when you could say i'm a human component ensuring safety and missile tournament system because they'll always be situations and autonomous vehicle can't handle on it. so that is just gonna be, but it's similar to humans belong to you lives, the more experienced you game, that's what we're practicing here for now. we tell us that he bought what the

objective just for is but in the future. the goal is that this process to be fully automated using a i can start to develop a has a vision by 2040 of in traffic jams will be a thing of the past. instead, switching thoughts equipped with senses and seamlessly connected 55, g will glide quietly through our streets read, why do you have a science question? send it to us as a video, text or voice mail. if we answer it on the show, you'll get a little surprise this the thank you. so come on, just ask this your question comes from bulky, sho, in south africa. what is noise? is this noise? for this? and what about this?

the lessons and expected sounds usually are perceived as noise. noise is sound that bothers us. what qualifies as noise can vary the same sound. one person and joyce might be noise to someone else. noise is also related to loudness. what a sound exceeds a certain volume. it's perceived as to loud. sound levels are measured in decibels, or d. b, for example, taking clock is around 30 decibels traffic, about 70 decibels, and a jet engine at take off reaches a staggering $140.00 decibels. it also plays a role. high pitched or shrill sounds are generally perceived as more unpleasant than lower pitched ones. duration is another factor. the longer we're exposed to a sound, the more strain at places on our hearing. noises. also sound that we're unable to avoid. sound waves travel in all directions,

so it's not all that easy to escape the sound that's too loud can cause permanent hearing damage faster than you might expect. and constant exposure to noise also increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. noise protection can help minimize the negative effect. this protection can be either direct or indirect. direct noise protection focuses on reducing noise edits source . for example, researchers are working on sound dampening road surfaces and noise reducing tires. speed limits can also do a lot to reduce traffic noise. indirect noise protection works by interrupting the spread of sound waves. sound barriers along busy roads are one example, and tunnels can also indirectly reduce traffic noise. and

that's all for this edition of tomorrow. to date. we hope you enjoyed the show, see you again soon, the the

origin from the slain to know to the cathedral in paris. 5 years after the devastating fire. the french monarch is now fully restored over $1000.00 dedicated people, helped repair it. and now people from around the world are enjoying its new splendor and its glory, 0 night coming up on dw, hello ann barella ringer. i'm a visual ads, 2 rate cards. see

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which is one daring goals to help smart nature. the more likes watching it on youtube, dw documentary, this shadows, these pop costs and videos shed lights on the dog is devastating. colonial har is infected by germany across and he employed to score supposed good farms and destroy life. what is the legacy of this wide spread race as depression today? history? we need to talk about here, the stories, shadows of german colonialism. of this city is hungry for the future. so i'm saying in southwest china 32000000 people live here. many of them are young and under my parents wanted me to become a civil servant,

but i didn't like the idea of getting such an old fashioned job and being stuff making money, having fun with not fools in some saying stuff, december thirty's on the w. the there's a deed of the news, and these are our top stories. syrians have ransacked the presidential palace and damascus, and been celebrating on the streets of the capital after revel forces to control over the city. less than 2 weeks after luncheon there. lightning inoffensive russians take medias. a president bush auto also has been granted asylum in moscow . after fleeing his country and musings of syrians living an x all around the world are also welcoming the news that assad's 24 year rule has come to an end.