hiding you with free information, dw made for mind the it came from the direction of the sun. no telescope saw it coming. in february 2013 allowed shock waves lasted through the russian city of chile events, injuring hundreds of people. a meteor had exploded at an altitude of 30 kilometers . it measured just 20 meters across the cost, extensive damage. how can we protect ourselves from the threat of space rocks hurdling towards our planets? that them more coming up on tomorrow today, the dw sign show the a giant asteroid totals towards the threatening to bring huge destruction

thankfully right now, just hypothetical astronaut alex on the guest is familiar with projectiles from out of space. doing the research expedition to and talk to he collected meet your rights fragments of asteroids, smooth lines like a game, of course with very show that asteroids will collide with the know, including larger ones. although we don't know the exact the ability. when it does happen, we'll need to defend ourselves. but 1st we need to know how to defend ourselves, stuff in this vicinity to escape. that's why the hare approved named after the greek goddess of marriage is now on its way to an asteroid. for closer examination, the european space agency pro or travel for to use to reach the asteroid dime office. this will be the 2nd visit to the asteroid.

in 2021. not so launched approach. as a test, it deliberately crashed into the asteroid, the so the team of scientists observing from a huge success the experiment, not the asteroid, of course. now the european hair approach will study the impact crater on dime office. in september 2020 full on and off. eh, croft waited on the thomas cologne born airport. it was to transport the pub, which is about the size of a many of us to the rocket launch sites in the us. the head of the project manager was on hand to ensure everything was done correctly. so today is a very special day uh for your uh we're writing literally a page of space history where shipping be here, a spacecraft,

uh to the launch sites in florida. it is a project that goes beyond march or bates is what we call. i mean for planning 3 mission to reach and last joy and style the and find the dates. plan very the science which means human kinds ability to deflect faster. right. and for the planets are hara, is expected to on so many questions. what is the asteroids? math, what is it made of? how large is the crates are left by the collision with the nasa approved dime office break apart completely, and it's now just held together by its own gravity. the nasa approved impacts change the asteroids course. scientists know this because dime office old it says a noun around the logic asteroid. the impact schultz and it's all of it. so instead of 12 hours, it now takes time. office just 11 and a half hours to over it. it's launch at partner to the have

a pro it was assembled here at the gym and aerospace company o h b in breyman. companies for more than 18 countries contributed, puts on expertise. jim and he played a major role. for example, the congress. what developed manufactured on tested by space company unit of tronic use or for this rob, inconspicuous rectangle conceals and many satellite or the next level flights are patch will open here in the spring when they check the sensor light that will fly to the asteroid and sleep fozzy, to the mazda williams ext basis, what it will look like in space, 2 cubes. that's the size of a shoe box will approach the asteroid that gives us with like, no, i mean that be for a couple of months. now like for every spacecraft uh at the end of its life. before switching off we'll try some experiments. so you have an fest with lands on the

more 1st retrieving the re there in time less still gathering information on the gravity field from the surface. if the mission succeeds on, 012 have instruments function as intended, scientists hope to develop models for defending the against asteroids. right now, we don't know enough about the escape. you want to see the others. could they do very die. some asteroids and native rocks, while others are made of iron and have a heavy iron cool life to then the run light to comment like ones made of frozen gas and da so. so this means this is chuck chip composition and density are entirely different. so any defense nation would need to be planned and taken to account. the asteroid is made on the sun. most asteroids federal squeeze space without ever posing a threat to. but if a launch asteroid with a strike, it could be catastrophic. it was likely an asteroid. the whites out the dinosaurs

for example, but after the head of admission, we should be better prepared for the future. for dinosaurs that faithful asteroid signal the end. that was 66000000 years ago. the pre historic giants had ruined the earth for some 170000000 years. then we'll know for a 1000 species, some were carnivores, others fed on plants. and we're still learning more. in fact, just recently, scientists in germany made some stunning discoveries for the paley ontology, just at the museum of natural history. instruct god this dinosaur fossil offers unusual insights into prehistoric diets. many of the fossils here like this example, so are exceptionally well preserved. munsey. so you can see the vertebrae of

a smaller vsl. that's very rare, that helps us understand the food chain. so who ate to this small, brightly colored terrace, or it doesn't have an under bite? its teeth and johns are perfectly adapted to scoop up its favorite meal. when samuel cooper studied the fossil closely, he discovered what this creature 8180000000 years ago. very excited. yes it's, it's very nice to work on. so i'm actually quite historic materials that the specimen was collected move and 70 years ago. and in here, this black area is the remains of the falsifies stock. i mean, the stomach be fine, the remains of solar, so fish buttons. this small terrace or with its last and dug jested meal has helped to advance kindly into logical research. so full help build the full. we could only guess what terrace was 8. based on the shape of the teeth, but now we have direct evidence of

a hill to help and deduct him vice paleontologists and stood guard, also made a surprising discovery about the diet of another terrace, or based on all new research. you know, actually i'm final forties was actually eating squints and not fish. so, but it's the wrong type of space, but for the wrong parasol. so this terrace army soon have to give up its fish to a smaller cousin, at least until additional research reveals what else these predators might have eaten. there are thousands more fossils and still guard and perhaps one of them who to hold the answer to something on hill. this collection is a dream location here is fantastic. we have so many all cannot just go sites go to the next fossilized dinosaur good. my just unlock new secrets, something i think we, we'd really love to find is a fish reptile, because quite often we find brett cells eating fish. but i'm sure there's

possibility that the tables must attend at some point, but we haven't found the fossil rims but new findings on a par with our fish. and squint eating tara sores could take a few more decades. it's no coincidence. some terrence source 8 stuff will upon similar to octopus, is they belong to one of the polls, as known, animal groups on her, and have colonize the oceans for over 500000000 years. and according to a study by the max planck institute of animal behavior, when they hunt, they don't work alone. octopuses are team players, unless they're on the run. although this may look like a fight, it's actually a clever joint hunting strategy. a team of researches from the university of constance was the 1st to study this unusual behavior in the red sea. they filmed

octopuses on fish hunting for food, and idolized the footage with the computer. nope. yeah. the results showed that the behavior of this mixed group is small to then scientist had realized. for me, it's interesting because most of the times multi species groups i've thought of, as you know, way more down than the cause specifics. because it's assumed that only con specifics could have complex interactions and solve complex problems. but what we see, that's actually not the case with its long tentacles, the octopus can force praise, such as mollusks and small crops out of that hiding places. the fish then take advantage of this. by following the octopus bought the fish also contribute to the hunt. tier a red money is leading the octopus to a spot where there's more food. still. it's the octopus that calls the shots.

it's not only about being forward and pulling, it's also being on the back and saying, no, no, no, we're not going this way. we're stopping here or no, no, no, i don't like this option. you have to look for other options. also up to presses. ok and see the loan is they do take some of the cues from the fish. so to make sure that we were seeing was actually collaboration for food and not those types of behavior. we did an experiment where we put fluids on the structure and we found that when it was struck by fish, destructor was 90 percent of the times attacked by the o. because of this, we know that the ox, cuz he's following the social information used by the fish, the fish a clever to they use the octopus as a tool. the fish are basically using the octopus. there's a pocket knife, right? because they're finding food. and then looking at the octopus and say, come here,

come to this location and try to guide it to the pray bought the octopus doesn't let the fish do is they please, a fish that doesn't pull it twice, might get a swipe from a tentacle. the scientists are planning to take a closer look at the system of mutual control. we know that there's a suspicious level of recognition, y'all knows which ones are the collaborators and which ones are usually the exploiters. but we want to understand if there's an individual level recognition, the team plans to tag individual fish to observe with a recurring person too much in the group social behavior to uncover more of the secrets of this underwater world. so when marine life work together, how do they communicate? fish are not as huge as they seem. they make sounds. and of course,

the less ambient noise there is the better if they can communicate a lot of marine species are dependent on their hearing to survive. so man made noise poses a serious threat to them. 1 this is what the ocean is supposed to sound like the. 2 the book today itself and sounds like this, the, the united nations says underwater noise pollution is a major threat to marine life. in northern norway bio acoustics, expert hike investor has spent more than 20 years studying why oceans are getting louder and identifying the source of the noise was by surprises.

we have 3 different hydro phones, and in the back we use a set up that includes a hydrophone, a camera, a recording device, and so on. by the german marine biologist has dedicated her career to study and conditions in the left photon islands. you'll see what i saw being critical diversity of species of whales. i knew i had to come areas with a lot of wells like here in northern norway are good. if you study acoustics, then social animals that communicate a lot are the most interesting into santa. but there's an ongoing conflict between marine life and the sources of noise. much of it caused by humans refunded i was told a lot to go with head straight to that and to go out and drop our hydrophone. then

we'll head towards boulder. those boats over there, for example, are very noisy. there's safari boats. we'll probably hear them later. along with wales, safaris and cruise trips, military exercises are also on the rise here as we hi. so we'll stop here, submerge the hydrophone, and listen to see if anyone is in the bay. i'll turn the motor off now, the minus button will to all the underwater microphone detects shown to waves, which travel about 5 times faster in water than in air. probably hearing the military vessel anchored there in the background because that's what it sounds like on, but there's another boat chugging along quietly here. and then there's the sound of the waves. we're not going to have another event because there's something else to the main reason. the marine biologist is here, invest fjord is an inquisitive minky way.

would you like to listen tom? who is there on the various noises here? the boats that are basically always here, the dish finders on the fishing boats, which are a type of stone on then there's the military sonar that's very loud, but thankfully less comments. and then there are size make surveys, looking for natural resources like oil and gas. those are air cabinets, which i'll pick up here, even though they're 300 kilometers away. and we think about other scientists say they can be heard from a 1000 or even nearly 2000 kilometers away by talking to me. 12 i to on con, underwater noise can disrupt the cell structure of marine life, caused stress and interfere with communication, predator prey, interactions,

orientation and reproduction. all marine life is affected by a well use a sound to see. i navigate the dark underwater world or to locate pre, that's what we call, bio shown are or eco location of a, okay. the poly to fulfill then be abused. it's the wheels hearing is damaged. it can no longer do this piece of august to be real hard to kind of push grandma from those people. it does have a strong nation and it will likely lose contract for this family. which ultimately also means, gets to the way, let's and place them towards and in norway had planned to open its waters to commercial deep sea mining. but in december 2024 after mass of protests from environmental issue, the plan was put on hold up here, you'd think everything's fine. it's all quiet. but when you search the hydra phone, you can just us everywhere. our machines are making so much noise and interfering

with the entire marine ecosystem and nothing that costs as a team. all the recorded sounds are now being analyzed at the regional campus of boulder university. let's look at what we saw earlier. this is a spectrogram. it also shows the volume, the small down here we see this is almost entirely noise. it's all in read. if there were any well sounds in here, we hardly see or hear them seen. under water noise pollution is an increasing problem. it's been doubling every decade for the past 40 years across the frequency range. before in the forest and see a dear, we don't move if we almost hold our breath. because we know that the slightest sound will make video vanishing. but when we're in a boat and we see dolphins, we turn up the throttle full speed ahead, which is

a nightmare for them for that wonderful staff. while i have tone for the safety of the noise of human activity, is diminishing the biodiversity of our oceans. and changing their sounds 2 thirds of the earth is covered with water, potentially offense, supply drawn for drinking water. but 1st the salt has to be removed. one viewer from columbia set just a question about that. how does a di sign a nation plant, which there's various ways of turning c will to into fresh water. 2 methods commonly used on an industrial scale. the 1st is distillation. from the vacuum precious sea water is heated to a 115 degrees celsius. as the water vaporizes it leaves the salt behind, the vapor flows through hold tight turning to fresh water,

but also more than 20000 these on the nation plants worldwide. well, you about 20 percent use distillation. the 2nd method is resists osmosis. in this method, water is forced under pressure through a membrane, the semi permeable membrane that's water molecules passed through. while blocking substances like salt and minerals, the water on the one side is still free, while the other is very salty. even though the cost of diesel, the nation has dropped it still expensive, obtaining drinking water from a 1000 liters of rid of water costs just fine if you are sense. well, just one liter of sea water costs $50.00 or a cents. in addition, both methods require a great deal of energy, much of which still comes from fossil fuels. but some smaller, these are the nation plants can now meet the energy needs with renewable source, it's obtaining 45 liters of pure water. 3, which is on a nation, requires

a 100 liters of sea water. what's left is called find this extremely salty, low in oxygen, and often contaminated with chemicals before it's pumped back into the ocean. sometimes some of the salt sodium fluoride is filtered out, but the broiling also contains magnesium and potassium, which has commercial usage. however, extracting these minerals is costly on energy intensive. researches are exploring none of filters and other methods to see how valuable minerals and elements can be recovered from brine more efficiently. what are stars made of? how many colors can butterflies? so you could have bro bought 10 babies one day. do you have a science question, then send it to us as a vip po, text or voice message. if we answer it in the show,

we'll send you a little gift as a thank you. so just ask the new york use a bustling megan city, famous for many things. huge skyscrapers impressive bridges, the statue of liberty. but what you might not think of is wealth. sharks and dolphin marine mammals have returned to the atlantic coast of new york and are now a common fight at certain times of the year. one local resident has captured impressive footage while i grew up out here and it's such a beautiful place. and so i always felt connected to the environment and so the beach especially and so when i saw it changed drastically from one year to another . i wanted to figure out what was happening

so we never saw a box or dolphins, or tuna, or really any animals from the beach until 2019. and that was like the most drastic changes they could see how back 200 feet away from you. lunch feeding on manhattan . these creatures that we didn't even know where are these. i didn't even know where in new york in the late summer whales can often be seen of the kindest of new york almost every day. so lynch flies, his drone over the shoreline of the hampton on long island. typically i'll search for large schools of men. hayden, the bait fish, and see whatever is praying on the money. hayden, the small nutrient rich fish are a vital food source for many long it's maureen's b c's, including shocks, dolphins,

and whales. they are most likely stationed by humans and used as a nutritious feed. and i could go to unpack food 5 years ago, the state of new york, costa low limiting industrial net fishing of money. hayden, near the coast box, along with other fishing legislation for many launch marines. b, c spiked to new york's coast over the years. a lot of atlantic states have decided, well, we're gonna put conservation 1st and we're going to put the health of our closer ecosystems 1st, rather than letting a lot of commercial activity go on in those near shore areas. so that allows those predators to now move back into those historical near shore areas and feed where they were, you know, 50 years ago where, you know, we've kind of forgotten about that. all of the atlantic coast where it's so urbanized such a lynch as a small studio in this comes i just got rich the photographer and videographer

shares his work on social media, including footage of co nose res, migrating off long island. and that's why i'm in this incredible geometric formation like birds lining up best on the parallel sides as their their wings. the goal or what i've been after, at least the summer, is trying to find new spaces and kind of round out the picture of the ecosystem overall and help people understand how diverse new york waters are and how and credible these creatures are a young, great white shock on the head shot, those quotes on camera, the category to spanish shops typically not dangerous to humans, hunt for small fish near the shore line. the return of the thriving coastal ecosystem provides such a inch with plenty of inspiration to his was that's

all for this edition of tomorrow today. we hope you enjoyed the show. see you again soon. the

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a delicate balancing act as they try to preserve the russian language and culture, while also demonstrating the loyalty to the latvian states. conflicted identities stopped in 75 minutes on d w. the jesus surrounded oak trees. and today, used by day by night and over the full season. natives, grace adaptive and living. see to europe

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