in front, so the life of the shadowed by trauma ice as life starts january 24th oh d w. the, do you sometimes get mountains of packages that has from stressed out delivery people who only seem to stop at every 2nd address for wes? yet of a wasted for a package that never arrives because the driver is stuck in traffic for hours, polluting the environment with exhaust. good news. there's a solution in the yeah. so it will require new rules. the last one today show missy m from sub you, a new mind stocks, printer. oh, we running out of oil. how long the reserves lost?

and a miracle material, that's the base desk system. the sound drones have long been seen as the future of delivery services from parcels to food and even medical supplies. less traffic, fewer emissions delivering even to remote areas. sounds perfect, right? well, not quite. this guys above us are crowded with more and more aircraft. if thousands of drones are added to the mix, how can they all share the same air space, especially in densely populated urban areas? the idea of sharing the sky is simple. the lower aerospace belongs to drones, while higher altitudes are reserved for airplanes, just like roads on the ground, high ways for drones will be

a central drone car. doors are currently being tested and developed around the world. britain is working on a pretty big one. a 265 kilometer route connecting several towns and cities. drones can enter the carter at any point the a monitoring system will detect potential collisions and redirect to the unmanned aircraft. it's still a work in progress, but once completed, it promises to be a significant step forward in drove delivery. the system is set to be available for commercial used by an early 2025. i think that's one of the best ways we could organize a lot of drones flying and one aerospace at the same time because we do the same thing with mandation and most manned aircraft. they don't fly wherever they want, they follow court orders and miss scott drove the car. there's just one piece of the infrastructure puzzle. a major challenge would be integrating drones with the

matter as space systems, because that's where the main uh, safety aspect comes into a bit. heavier drones require a remote id, basically a license plate for drones. they can be dragged and assigned to an owner. crucial in the case of accidents, for example, the drones are also controlled by a detect and avoid system to prevent collisions after a hopefully safe journey they need somewhere to touch down. at the moment, drones are still not allowed anywhere near airports, but in the future landing areas could be added to them. they would also be arrival pads and city centers. but even if you live in this city, you probably won't get your delivery at your doorstep. you still need to go somewhere to pick it up. if the landing spot is close by, you might be notified by this to ill tail sound.

the most people, when they think of a drum, they some think of a small d, john clark, copper and it doesn't make a lot of noise. but if you're doing something for drone package, delivery needs to be a much larger unit. it sound like homeless, long hours running next year has when amazon tested drone delivery and college station texas residents complained about the noise, prompting the mayor to write a letter to the federal aviation administration. amazon insists that the new drones are quieter. let's assume everything works out. drones aren't too loud, flying happily and they've droned corridors, monitored by siege systems and kept away from airplanes. that solves lots of issues except for one major legal, one in countries such as the us and india. the aerospace above homes belongs to land owners. the us in

a piece that is our decision making to be done as to what might be done. so i sure i could rich or above which they're drawn, scan the in the us, the idea of a marketplace has been introduced to offer land owners on monetary incentives. they can rent or sell their air space to be used by drones. besides the challenges of integration, a global market for drone services is forecast of growth significantly in the years to come to one country that wants to be part of that is india. with liberalized regulations and incentive scheme, the country wants to become a drone hub. by 2030 we can see it approximately on on brandy 13. we might have a basic in foster care of every c, r, and integration of drawings. that mind has been in a limited amount of so when will your pizza be delivered by a drone? not for a while yet. although the technology is advanced,

various uncertainties remain regarding regulations, safety, and disruptions to everyday life. and honestly, we'd better take it slow because drones dropping out of the sky could cause serious injuries or material damage. drones could revolutionize delivery services. the whether they will actually deliver to your doorstep isn't clear yet. and who knows whether it's really safe to have countless drones buzzing around in the air. drones lead powerful batteries to flight to. and these usually contain lithium, but known lithium supplies are limited. china has had the monopoly of most of the world's reserves fee is to decrease reliance on china the and will soon also be mind in europe to but what price in serbia, precedents via it could home the environment and costs and then likelihood

is lot cool. cool. kind of which is a 7th generation farmer he tends to, has to, doesn't cows every day. and loves village live here in going, you know, needs, uh, the lobby must sit for the cattle farmers. and every year we sell about a $100000.00 leaders of milk. my family, my 5 children, we lived from that and we don't plan to change your thing on the middle. the medium was way, navigate usefully to these. just like many other farmers on the western edge of serbia. but a global mining giant does have plans for the yadda valley due to its large deposits of lithium, a key component and electric vehicle batteries reopen, so has bought up land and farms across the valley. it plans to mine 58000 tons of the metal annually, enough to supply batteries for over a 1000000 vehicles. where aware of savvy as rich resources and the enormous

potential with confirmed reserves of 158000000 tons of lithium bar. it's on all of it and it has to be. the government insists mining operations will meet the use strict environmental standards. while serbia isn't a member, it's seeking to join the block. so most of the only state institutions can control this industry. the investor will say, i'll give you the documentation, that's the basis of all what and also, and then up to the government of the republic of serbia to monitor this uh that if we can sort of be a java to share control. many in the opposition don't believe these words member of parliament, alexander giovanna vege takes part in mass protests against the olivia mine to the godaddy. every where we are to into has been around the world is left behind devastation and misery. and that's wake, including civil wars and the destruction of nature and cultural monuments. here the quite a name a bit. his skepticism is shared. this expert has seen studies on the potential

environmental impact more practice problem. you have to chat with us about the just talking the over his mind with the help of intensive subterranean explosions. and the lithium processing will involve $1100.00 tons of concentrated, so fewer gas in the daily, it will lead behind a mountain of ways that will pollute the environment for century also be met quite so basically my that's what is a guide. usually what the civilian, okay, rio tend to be says it's willing to talk. it's invested 600000000 euro so far with plants for a further to 1000000000. the company claims the mining will be done using precise planning and environmentally friendly methods and create thousands of new jobs. while i want to assure everybody this project is 100 percent size, it's been designed to the high standards in the world, and we will not be a big hole in the grand. in contrast, we're in, i'm the grandma on agriculture co exist on the surface with them on together. and

in terms of what we would not impact any agriculture, water, any drinking water, we would not be poisoning any water sources. but it's not cool, kind of rich and his neighbors don't trust any of the parties involved. the corporation, the government, the courts or the state controlled media style is always disappear about whether the mine is coming or not, the dollar, they should be the not, of course i'm against the mind. it's not good for us. there's always an exception to be and that does it when nobody lives will be left with no will. so just moved in the yard. our valley is tons. this farmer is determined to keep his land and his livelihood not for me. so the nickel, you mustn't dig up these graves and i am prepared to sacrifice my life to prevent that, that's for z. what zillow's is that the sits on it. this compromise on the list of mine is a long way off this trust and started b as institutions and rewards. vento is to grade so the government has announced

that it will approve the mine in 2 years at the earliest the future may be electric, but that's still a long road ahead. a bees have yet to become widespread, and most of our economy is still based on fossil fuels. so will be reliance on oil from wild to come. so based on various studies, as we use, should we have run out of oil long ago. let's check it out. in 1956, do you scientist for show and professor at stanford projected the global oil production with peak around the year 2000. this came as a huge shock at a time when well was driving more and more of the economy. some people thought it would mean a global financial crisis and others a full on apocalypse. since then, predictions about peak oil have popped up again and again. supply problems were supposed to start in 2011,

but the effects noticeable by 2015. there was talk of high prices for food and fuel, supposed to impact agriculture and electricity. but none of this ever happened. the supply problems that everyone freaked out about never came. so it did happen. and so to be worried about running out of oil 1st, looking at this question now is completely different from the decades ago because there been huge changes in our lives, in the early 2, thousands. we weren't really thinking about life, that fossil fuel, electric vehicles, for nearly unheard of, to an end of our oil supplies seems like i just central crisis for the planet. the growing awareness of climate change renewables of taken off, and the amount of them in the mix is ground. usually, it's not cheaper to generate electricity from solar and wind then from fossil fuels . or there's also a way more attention on electric vehicles. 14 percent of new vehicle sold globally in 2022 or electric compared to just 5 percent and 2020. even the united states and

china to huge polluters are making have the investments into green technology. and something pretty special happened in 2023. when we're looking at renewables, investment, which clearly is been growing rapidly and in trends, trends to net dot from top to field in 2023 far exceeded that maybe the stock doctors already set to widen one that much would move without fossil fuels and oil in particular, the future of renewables is looking brighter and brighter, and that is me the end of oil take on a whole new meaning to go back to say about 15 to 20 years back. there was a concern that bio supply is going to pay the volume. now the concern is somewhere there from the images that really hit the p card, apply to a demand. this is a really huge shift. in october 2023. the international energy agency published a report predict in the end as well, and other fossil fuels. only this time, the end of the peak in demand, not supply, and it's predicted to come in 2035 demand and low supply means a high price. low demand and high supply means

a low priced oil executives around the world were up in arms over the report because less demand with the same amount of supply to mean following prizes for fossil fuels and less profit for the industry. this is a big deal since demand for oil, it's been growing every year except 2021 covet hit. this wouldn't mean that we wouldn't use fossil fuels anymore for that it would become much harder to justify new fossil fuel projects. because our supply of fossil fuels is doing great the oil, and i'm probably not going to the base of the kind of the reserves we have about 40 years old. i am. and that doesn't even count on the new plan projects. this is mostly thanks to newest technology called hydraulic fracturing or fracking. fracking is a process that involves injecting a slushy of water and chemicals into rock, getting tons of tiny cracks. this allows oil and gas to escape and be collected at the surface. the waste water has been often injected deep under ground, which can contaminate the local environment and cause earthquakes. tracking took

off in the united states in the early 2, thousands and the country now produces more oil per year than any other nation in the world. so much that it's affecting other countries. so the area or you or your corvettes, and i'm actually right now because of so much over supply the market. they're producing lot less than what they can produce. so on the one hand, we might have an over supply of oil and on the other plateauing demand. also, investors turning away from fossil fuels. the oil companies are used to expanding and major oil producers like show exxon and total energies are also betting on rising demand. data suggested that to companies, i think that may be p. we're increasing that oil production. total energy stated it was full costs to spend 25 percent of its carfax to 2022 and renewables in that tricity. but when you look at what that includes, it also includes some kind of gas fired power. they may seem like they're shifting towards the renewables, but they're actually still banking on

a fossil fuel future. the business operations on changing particularly, or the pace needed that will says it will be against policies that would polls that change or bringing about quicker. but at the same time promoting this very public narrative that they are doing well, they can stay don't oil. companies like russian ross, nest, and savvy around color, also betting on future money from fossil fuels. even though projects approve now may never be profitable. new sites taking years to build up infrastructure and to get ready for drilling and financial times, they might become stranded assets, something that was invested in but became obsolete for some countries 30 to 40 percent of and talk fiscal budget could be at risk as the foundation of folds, quite an old price is full. that's going to have a massive impact on the economies. these countries increase from livingston to, to those in these countries. and that impact to also help individual citizens directly. many pension funds around the world are invested in oil and gas. these companies fail spectacularly. millions of people could be plunged into financial insecurity in their old age. so faced with the end of oil,

it seems like investing in renewables at the smart financial decisions. they're cheaper and there's less risk of new projects becoming strange and, and unprofitable in the future to all of that is longer time. but there's not going to be overnight because according to all predictions, we're going to continue to meet fossil fuels for a while. they're used as a backup power when wind and solar are running and widespread. nuclear isn't likely to come on line and time transport and energy storage also need to improve for us to be able to equip them entirely. but the more investment goes in, some more renewables improve, and we desperately need that to keep existing on this planet. it's critical for all future that we keep making breaks. what you say menu able energies want quantity or the potential for mass adoption is important. qualities to, for instance, finding ways to get more energy,

saving yourselves before using materials expection doesn't harm the environment. it's like perhaps the skype for example. what is this tiny solar cell might be about to revolutionize solar energy as we know it, it's way more efficient than you'll spend that silicon solar cell. it can be easily synthesized and doesn't need to be mind like silica as it can work on in the field . so you poly as not how speak up, but it also it can go on your roof. say hi to this crystal structure, colds peril. scott, it promises improvements to solar cells that are almost too good to be true to understand why they are so superior to your standard silicon. so i went here the how holds institute invalid baseband research and cross cards as a sign of solving material for more than a decade. hey, how are you today? i'm good, nice to meet you last thursday. and this is the guy in charge of the research, steve i,

but he even said world right codes for the most efficient pearl scott solar cells. so on a very basic level, what does perhaps cut look like the temper off good is a very generic term for a specific crystal structure, right? you can see that here over there. so the close to the structure has the x 3 formula . and like each component is a certain type of element for molecule. one of the most common combinations in the structure is methyl ammonium as the a on the corners, the metal left for be in the center and chloride or iodide as the x which form around the metal. but there is a vast range of materials that can be used 10 combined, and it's quite wild how easily these can be put together. so this is 11 volume. and before we do that, security 1st, as we're going to work with toxic less with one of the, of all of a nice colleagues. it's good to go. you look

a bit like event scenario. okay, time to gets an hour base materials. matthew makes the methyl ammonium, chloride, and let iodide so latex 8, our abs, fried crystal structure. so what is now the advantage of these materials compared to silicon? so i believe that one of the main advantages of prostate or silicon as material is the ease of processing. so silicon is something that is relatively energy intensive to fabricate. but this is something that can be done at a hose to room temperature. so it doesn't require much energy, so it's easy to do. everything is relatively abundant. and so it's, it shouldn't be bottlenecked for production. now that we have the base materials we need to produce, i'm absorbing paradox. cut out of it. matthew dust is by using a technique called spin coating, but perhaps kind of sort of sales can also be directly printed onto surfaces using

similar processes to those needed for printing. newspapers. spin coaching however can be tedious. matthew accidentally dropped the glass, not a big problem in the lab environment, but for commercial production, this is not viable. matthew gives it a 2nd try. and this time everything works. after this been coaching, it goes onto a heating plate. and the darkening shows us that the crystals are being formed. it works the same way as when salt water evaporates and you start to see salt. there are sales like this one here which are only made out of rough kind. 5 in many cases, there's a silicon layout beneath, so these cells a cool kind themselves and look like this. right now, they have the most promising candidates when it comes to increasing the efficiency of solar cells. but at some point, it might be also possible to abandon the silicon completely to test that 10

themselves efficiency. the research is at hand holds institute, use a sun simulator, it determines exactly how much sunlight is converted into electricity. what kind of efficiency that we just measured? so when we measure almost 30 percent, it's a quite nice achievement. why does it attend them? so a cell reach that much more efficiency than single jacksonville. so it's on them. so lot samples make much more use of the incoming lights, so we have a long so long spectrum there's a lot. so they have a spectrum kind of so the federal sky, solstio, in this case, makes use of the visible wavelength. so everything which we can see by i, it's been converted into pay perilous, got installed on sale into electrical energy, whereas the infrared light passes through the parasite sale and he's been converted into silicon solar cell which is quite deficient you converting infrared light. so the share of the spectrum in each cell is very efficient in the region. that

doesn't sound like that much, but i could tells me that this way, roughly 50 percent more sunlight can be converted into electrical energy. so more overall sunlight can be solved by just con, by any of these tendons. so yeah, because before they go into serious production, there's a lot of stuff that needs to be a major issue is the stability of the power of god. structures used intend them solar cells, pearls, cut structures, easily put together at low temperatures as we saw earlier. but they also come apart easily. even the charges that travel through the cross cutting the so so it can for a defect and destroy the power of god. structures also external factors like moisture, heat, oxygen, and u, v. lights can break it down further and quickly decrease its a records breaking efficiency. this whole process is called degradation, which researches and companies are trying to fight with different forms of

encapsulation. it's yields of the solar modules from external influences. m is an essential step for commercialization to sales, which is part of a european academia and industry partnership plans to develop commercial sized modules with an efficiency of 26 percent over a lifetime of so 2 years. a box for tv, a company founded by oxford university graduates, has rates and efficiency of 28.6 percent and supposedly solve the degradation issue . already bought me. the company has published verifiable data yet, nor is there a lot of published research on real world outdoor tests. i. these are a lot of so that you test. yeah. wow. this is catalina. oh, she oversees the degradation tests of 10 them. solar sales at the helm holds institute at what kind of stability is we currently looking at here, sometimes to fail after a few days. so sometimes they last for years,

literally measured the loss of 20 percent and efficiency and just half a year it takes to look them solar cells roughly 20 years to reach that level of degradation. and some companies say they've already 6 this issue and are ready to go to market next. yeah. do you believe that's possible? because sometimes here we must also have conferences, but they normally don't show the data. it's all very c expensive to install so they can sell a penalty then to produce them. so upon themselves have a rates potential, but there's still a lot of things that need to fall into place for them to work. and i'm really, really curious if they're actually going to be on the market next year or ready for another edition of mays, where we're flying high and freshly energized. let's do away with the old headed to a sonia writes f, each. see you next time the

room, the oak trees and they use and they to great adaptive. nothing's be to your 3rd street. in 15 minutes on the w news channels instead of county central kenya, many farmers have switched over and disastrous drought, or hitting the country. more and more often, camels are game changer in times of climate change. they would stand heat better than cattle. everything. their milk is highly value. the code

in 90 minutes on d w. the destruction is the goal. tasks is the goal to wrecking crew radically. they want to bring this system comes from the donald trump will be the next president of the united states. the vision works for him. he wants to increase polarization. have to wait for trump's rise to power. usa all to rights starts january 18th on w. hey, you looking for something. welcome,

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this is dw news live from the land. tens of thousands of los angeles residents adult to flee brookfinley part of the wild fires perkins trend. the winds of fanning the flames of people race to escape tressles of neighbor that's also coming up in the program. the us sanctions, the lead of saddam's, our assets and militia, accusing him of directing his forces to commit genocide. the social networking company messa is ending, it's the policy fox checking program on facebook and instagram. it says it plans to rely on its uses to flags misinformation instead.