and why did they have all the time? i should just search for the day and take them out for the do you practice a sport regularly but feel like you're making little progress towards mastery? it might be because your brain is getting in the way. targeted training focused on your grain matter can tease out a whole realm of new potential. at least according to ford scientists to study the brain body interface. some top athletes are now striving to reach the next level with a new training concept known as neuro athletics. welcome to tomorrow. today. this time we'll be learning lots more about the brains and hummingbirds at the various olympic games. i bet the halls and teammates to bronze into 4 by 100

meter relay thanks in part to help from neuro athletics, trainer louse, lean, new role center training is about the influence, the brain can have on movement. that's interest progress. ultimately, i always ask what information to natalie to brain needs in order to perform a movement task optimally. in the matter of speaking, we work with a software that runs in the background of the movement. rebecca has it follows a strict training plan narrows center training, though it takes a different approach almost to be on. that's something you have to try out what works for you, because everyone is different. every brain works differently. and laws really, as an expert at finding out what makes each individual tech of the 3 main systems are largely responsible for processes in the brain. the fees are live as the, the visual system. so the eyes, the balance or vestibular systems,

and the so called pro prior reception system ok, sources of information that inform the brain about the bodies position and space a little discrepancy. this information is incorrect. the brain finds it very difficult to absolve movement tasks adequately, individuals of god or the cloud solution. past leads like rebecca, are exposed to extreme loads. every time her foot impacts the ground, it does so with a ton of force. mistakes in past year or technical execution, and therefore effects not only her current performance, but also her long term health despite the risk. so she has to push the envelope to remain internationally competitive. they may need to spot this, this head. so in a lead sports, people have been training for 10 to 15 years and they've reached the limits of performance capacity in terms of genetic data, and they often hit a plateau and i can't improve any further my company's fights. but if you're working enduro focused way,

you can also create the framework for annotation to take place up to diagnose stuck in a video analysis reveals what weaknesses rebecca will work on today. obviously it's a human for foot is a little too far out in front of a center of gravity. call it, and that's the issue we've been working on getting our feet a little closer to our central gravity here. the fluid is even farther out and she just isn't feeling i hope i should have pulled the offer of this semester for the mental folk with mental focus is best achieved by controlling your gaze. because the name for my problem is that i like to focus on my foot, but i know i shouldn't look at it because then i place it way too far forward. and so you know, the self exactly outcomes. i think the only task i would do again is to prepare only briefly to quotes and you know, you only need a brief stimulus, then chase your days. my eyes didn't break and how lean or schafer bets a world champion on the balance beam is also being coached in narrow athletics for

a current problem is stability. she got an all quiet. there was an impact here. so the brain doesn't really want to land on it anymore. this reaction is often called a protective posture. figuring fresh injuries, the brain and body conspire to protect an injured area. home and we have an old brain and we have a cortex. cortex regulates conscious movement, but we also have an old cord tax that regulates the basic autonomic functions. and it's very important for safety reasons. this is height, sensory stimulation, like rubbing the years. and slowing exhalation activates this area allowing a smooth, or approach to movement for the gymnast learning about new room focus training. a few years ago was a revelation, a show to and the i had risk paying for a year and a half and was considering an operation commission of up to and i couldn't even

hold a customer and was incredibly limited in my training either to sponsors allows was my last toe nice while i'm 20 percent. it's after we've worked for about 20 minutes, i was able to do exercises again without 10 kilos of tape on my hand. punched on on the st. you to type on, on the, on my, who in polinos case, the systems that give the brain stability during backward movement are vital. they're trained via i'm movements and activating the cervical vertebrae stuff. so take a lot of time to step through the stimulation. she was soon able to control the initial phase of a backward movement much more easily and cleanly. and that in turn makes the brain feel secure and all that produces stress on the feet. or does honestly the teeth in stress of conflicts. the effect in training was immediately after the interventions . how do you know was once again able to stand securely on the beam? rebecca has also integrated neuro centered exercise. last lean,

how to explicitly activated her sense of balance while she activated sensation in her souls. the goals to improve her control over her past year. and then bit comes countries missed everyone in a race. i can think about how many centimeters in front of me i should ran my foot into the ground. you can't think that file. so we come on this thing, but with help from a few tools, like changing the position of your eyes or influencing your overall body position. then you notice that in your running slow, i'm the mic. my don't know if i'm can slow. rebecca houses improved. pastor is clear, but the most difficult part is still to come. internalizing the new movements sent me indigo. these are mature adult ashley to get homework. it's part of the immediate work they do when preparing through training and that's their job. it's that suspended an off god and absorbing the knowledge with both body and mind might one day put them back on the winters

to win in force, you have to go all out and, and some disciplines like boxing, high diving or american football that can be dangerous even light head trauma repeated over long periods of time can be back for the brain. typically she call helped pioneer american football in germany and he's paid a price. the former teacher likely suffers from c t e. the disease linked to repeated blows to the head. his brain is damaged beyond repair. it's a miserable life. everything goes wrong. that's why people kill themselves. that's why people kill other people. everything shrinks. you're not a person anymore. so home of cows, former teammates died with c t e symptoms. scientists stone. you have to understand

the exact mechanisms that lead to the brain dysfunction associated with c t e. but they believe the risk of developing the condition is likely to increase with repetitive head impacts sustained over longer periods of time. you don't get ones on the door. it's like a not have a team, but everyone were engages in context or home, but sports to such as boxing, american football or soccer. anyone who hits or had on her regular basis is at risk of developing c g. how 1st developed symptoms around 2020 started to suffer headaches that lingered for months on end to be able to teach. i had about 10 escreen by the time of 11 o'clock they lasted till at 1 o'clock the school was over. and that's where

i thought there must be something wrong. before long, the former american football player began having difficulties remembering things like names. he was eventually forced into retirement at 54 teams are released. they usually stabilize the microtubules. these tell proteins aggregate and clumped together having an impact on brain function. the most common symptoms are memory loss changes in personality, depression, and mood swings. on like concussions, repetitive head impacts don't cause acute symptoms. so no one knows how long it takes for the brain to recover from them. this poses a major challenge both and research and in care. it is very likely that we at some point, are going to compare just to smoking cigarettes. we don't know how many cigarettes it takes to develop cancer, but we know that they are not fit for your health. and this is why medical sciences

advice. you not smoking for stuff more than 300 former national football league players have been tasked to mislead, diagnosed with ctv. the real number of sufferers is likely far higher. that's present an official diagnosis is only possible after an autopsy. but researchers are now working on ways to determine whether someone is developing c t e, while they're still alive. many things about the condition remain mysterious, or their risk factors or a predisposition for it could individually taylor treatments one day help suffers treating the disease at the moment only involves addressing the symptoms it causes . we do know that every factor that helps to brand is the healthy and functioning may also be preventive here in c t. so that means being supportive, you know, working out, keeping your team,

i am checking and making sure that you don't develop diabetes. the awareness of the dangers of c t e among players, coaches and even doctors remains the limited american football reach. have it gone if i should clause health and that of his former teammates, but his family workouts and coping strategies and helped him keep his life from spinning out of control. cool people with c t e. it's very important to control their lice mentally and physically because if those voting falls rose to the right or to the left, that might end their life. what just the size of a brain have to do with intelligence? is there a correlation among primates? humans have the largest brain in relation to body size. in other mammal species too large brains are often associated with smarts. what does science have to say about

the role bigger equals better? what factors influence brain size and therefore intelligence in mammals at the university of zurich, evolutionary biologists designed by hedge dog is looking at that question and others to do so. she studies the brains of various species to measure the cranial volumes. she feels scolds from different animals with lead shot. a tried and tested method. is it 7 and my cock coach abby? this isn't the cox gone to tune the mealy, it has a volume of almost 100 millimeters. oh man, that's much more than a marmot scale. for example, which only has about 15 milliliters, please send me like the car that's associated with the file. so the difference in brain size is a factor of 8. so in this done,

i'll enter it in the database. or the brain sizes of around 1200 different mammals. species have now been compiled into a database with help from a colleague designed to the hedge measured most of them herself. for months, the 2 researchers traveled in the us from museum to museum filling a wide range of skulls with bird shot and recording the results of am i supposed to get the most voucher while i was most drawn to the wheels. goals that we measured have a quick look with him. we had to use a 10 leader bucket to fill one sperm whales, brain case with a lead shot key on the experience itself. and then we could only fail half of it because we ran out of the ship austin yet. and that was fascinating. it asks the golden sconces the whales, skeletons filled, half a garage. i mean, i have a 4 twisted knock and we were putting the pallet down to us as go, that was bigger than we were. they know how quickly enact for you to send their

page tab once to find out under what circumstances from an evolutionary perspective . a brain might grow. what's clear is that in terms of energy costs, brains are expensive. they've job a lot, lots of it. and to grow, they literally have to be said constantly in books on the topic. the biologist books for factors that could influence cranial size and animal species that can also help establish evolutionary relationships for questions include ones like, what do the animals eat? how do they live? but they also address social factors such as group behavior and dynamics. and how the young are weird. for example, animals that hibernate as a rule have smaller brains. while carnivores generally have larger brains than

herbivores. several studies have shown the brain size really does correlate with intelligence like this one which compared $39.00 carnivorous mammals. it clearly indicated that the larger the brain size in relation to body size, the more cleverly animals acted. so calorie rich food as well as slow development and social learning are all factors that contribute to brain size in different species and us their intelligence as well. humming birds, brain is tiny but still quite large compared to its overall size. no wonder when you think about the birds. fantastic. flying abilities are of your frederick b from gone. i had a question about them. how come hummingbirds are able to fly backwards? coming?

birds are acrobats a vi a, or they can fly forwards sideways, backwards, and even to hover in one spot. other birds, or nearly as a hedge on their agility is partially down to their small body size. but above all, it's made possible by some anatomical peculiarities. hunting birds have very flexible ball joints and their shoulders. in addition, the upper bones in their wings are very short, and the ones that in us form hands are unusually long. this allows the little lavion to move their wings in practically any direction. when hovering in the air delicately to slip nectar, they can beat around 80 times per 2nd. that's what makes the hummingbirds hum. it resembles the way some insects fly. other birds can also remain in one place in the air, but only for short periods. that's because no other form of locomotion in the animal kingdom consumes as much energy as hovering flight. the hunting birds don't

give it a 2nd thought because their heart, lungs, and wing muscles are chewed compared to their body size. but even more important is that they have faster metabolism than any other vertebrate. their high energy requirements are met by the sweet nectar they consume, which they are also able to absorb very quickly. hummingbirds have highly reactive enzymes that allow them to break down both fruit toast and glucose at the same fast rates. something humans and other animals can do. one study looked at how disability effect stuff like muscles scientist sequenced genomes from different timing birds and compared them with those from other bird species. the results show that all hunting birds lack a certain gene experiments on muscle cells, allowed scientists to reconstruct what it does and they discovered that its absence improves the metabolism of sugar. the gene also causes the activity and the number

of mitochondria to rise in the muscle cells. might a condo are called cellular power plants because they play a key role in energy production. so, hunting, birds, oh, they're flying skills to vote, their physique and their genes. do you have a science question then send it to us as a video, text or voice message? if we answer it in the show, then we'll send you a little gift as a thank you. so go on. just ask are you watching this show on your cellphone? many people spend and online the amount of time on their mobile devices, especially members of the younger generation. what does that do to your brain? and at what point does normal use, turn into something that could be called the diction.

tim who is 14, let's as peak over his shoulder wiley scrolls so he does want to remain anonymous whose favorite apps, snapchat spoke. defy what said then stuff. if his parents don't limit his screen time, tim can spend up to 8 hours a day on his phone. or even more the so that's a lot i know, but that's puberty. and i think it's the same for many others. i think it's actually pretty normal. i know some people who spend 15 in or 16 hours a day on their phones compared to that my 8 hours aren't margie. so the next to the statistic shows that on average young people in switzerland spend around 3 hours a day on their devices. many exhibited problematic or even addictive behavior

experts estimate up to 300000 people in the country are effected in this way. the topic of cell phone addiction resonates one event at a hospital in boswell, the drums up a lot of interest. parents and teachers are concerned if things came to she'll be v c. i teach the children how to use word or do research on the internet. but it's hard for me to convey the consequences of excessive tech talk consumption each and for too much screen time live it plus the wireless. so it's not easy to deal with everything that's thrown at, here's the images, iphone, the to, to, to old own. what does this mother think suffers most social life? she says the number of boys who can no longer control their need to be online. bryan's is year by year says martin, my, he's a psychiatrist for behavioral disorders. there's still no official definition for a cellphone addiction, but science of it are unmistakable. before the source of this design is from

a medical point of view, addiction is always about loss of control. this means i can no longer stop, even if i really want to die harm myself and others. that's when you can speak of an addiction. also can the damage it causes are things like constant arguments with the family problems at school or sleeping issue resolved. one which was another important aspect is that cell phone use suddenly takes priority over something else . i used to do like a hobby or a past time. when you have these 3 aspects and social media in the mix as well. i speak of addiction like use of what a to a specialist would have to clarify whether tim is also addicted to social media. but one thing is clear. the young man is a big fan of short instagram videos, reels that are a matter of taste and best. some are clearly have sold to people with

disabilities, or discriminatory and brutal. there is glorify actions that are illegal or life threatening. what does instagram have to say about this problem at content? all of our requests for a statement go on, answered. it's striking how much time tim spends on his device. his smartphone keeps track 6 hours, 7 hours, up to 9 and a half hours in a single day. how does it happen? if i give you a call, i ask my friends if they want to do something and if they don't have time, i might as lie on my bed and get bored to the present, installed it all. however, a screen time is just one aspect of an addiction to make a diagnosis. psychiatrist, mountain bio needs more information in local desired could appeal that if in

therapy i would for example, ask, are you aware that you spend 3 and a half hours a night on tick tock? do you realize that i often hear? no, i don't notice though the affected people realize that they should actually sleep, but they don't manage to do it with them, they wake up again and the spiral continues to control for both. it's a vicious circle. some of their law school be interesting to prescribe too little sleep is a serious indication that things are out of hand. when asked why it's sometimes difficult to stop. 10 says it's the flow a has to keep scrolling. sometimes 10 hours go by. now does he feel then tired, he says, his eyes hurt. he adds, but he's gotten kind of used to that. the long hours he spends on his cell phone or

a problem for tens, mother if and destiny. i think he spends way too much time on that dentist sometimes no longer acts like himself. brain research or i don't think i've touched or is familiar with addiction mechanisms. she says they're linked to psycho active hormones in the brain among other things. each short video leads to the activation of a reward system and the release of doping me, this process isn't affected by how interesting the video is. the mere prospect of a reward activates the system. it's also central to behaviors like gambling by that so, so, so with social media, the idea is that you get a reward every time you open the app and over even longer periods. and in time we simply learn to repeat things that originally led to the reward. and so that behavior becomes automatic. habit. the brain adapts to the release of dope,

i mean before long to achieve the same effect, the toast has to arise. but as so, one of the key aspects of addiction is that you need an increasingly larger doseover tile. this is because the brain adaptors, especially the doping man system. so this applies to all types of addiction, including addiction to social media. what dependence on social media does that teenage brains in the long term remains on clear terms. mother has same disquieting changes in her son's behavior though every and he gets so involved that he then forgets everything that's going on around him. that worries me so. okay, that's all for now. thanks for joining us and hope to see you again next time on tomorrow today. by the

or the

reason that we talk about private data isn't helping to fight crime. social media. censorship because uh digital networks world notice. so what are the biggest challenges we'll talk about that shift in 15 minutes. on the double respect it's own about what can we have and texting nature. that's right, sandra, respecting nature, studying the new data. it's about being up to date with coming tardy is technologies. i'm trying to eat co way of life, the environment magazine,

africa in d w. the similar in today's age between geneva and libya is to have a whole list stick approach to migration policy rooted in that respect for human rights. our investigative research shows the reality behind the use refugee deals was, is happening to migrants on the african continent. the community, if you're of steadly migration policy starts february 15th on dw,

so you don't see the same way you expect and want different things from life than your parents. i just want to pursue was that's my saw on fired or you think you kid is 2 different risk, irresponsible, unreasonable, or some part of those nonsense? i wonder why it's under the doctor. is there an alternative plan? we've done everything to prevent a divorce, but nothing worked so in the it's time you were asleep and was paying for it. asked them when generation now on the computer screen is kind of funny. feels like there's the rate

this is definitely news live from building is rel, allows displaced palestinians to attend to northern jobs for the 1st time in over year. tens of thousands of civilians have begun the journey after a breakthrough in negotiations between israel and tomas. the militant group says it will release more is by the civilian hostages body in this way. also coming up, living on the grace to extend the deadline for his right to the troops to leave itself alice before the brave and deadly classes. probably gap between his bradley forces reservations trying to return to their own.