the next on the w documentary service takes you to the amazon vein forest, exploring the bulk of the catwalk tree and the mississippi in teaching us the people that i'll be back at the top of the, the, the innovation green, the green revolution global. so listen to a whole lot of crime would probably be better to see if they care about time as well. please subscribe to those channels. every friday, subscribe to plan. it's a good a or the

guy a model . gwinnett captivate an ancient one young a legend says that in the middle of the amazon is the largest cape puck tree that has ever existed when yeah, yeah. yeah, so that's good. that's a family of joint egos built a nest on top of that mess. good. people in one day to while you on a warriors decided to capture your to approve the courage. nice to get the huge ladder, but only one of the time, the courage to climb up. morning at the field when he reached the top out of jealousy, his friend took the matter away,

contending and to certain definitely we must get your throne. when are you only goes, parents returned they found to worry right quickly. the father looked at him for a long time and said, you have come to steal her daughter for one knows you shall be your wife. you shall become an eagle. williams is accused of america. by mulroy, the several days the birds taught to worry or how to hunt and share their knowledge of the forest. but by little, the warrior transformed into an eagle motor enough to put the ticket now access to secret knowledge of the forest animals and to use the healing powers of plants already now build houses or bows from trees and how to move around and hunt. and the far as one. yeah, yeah. it became part of the forest. yeah, i mean, what if what i woke up could you do decide to teach him the thing he learns to the one yanna and other things to him. this animal of wisdom was

passed on to humans. the motive, today's spirit still lives at the top of the cape, up tree and watches. over a world we have the the, the amazon basin is home to the world's mind, east river and largest contiguous tropical rain forest. it stretches over around 7000000 square kilometers, close to the size of australia. it's one of the most bio diverse places on earth, with thousands of animal implants, species and it's eco system. the rain forest is a kind of super organism. the cape tree holds a prominent position in this network, providing sunlight and shelter for an entire community of plants and animals for the indigenous way on people in french kiana, the k pump tree embodies the soul of the forest. and more, it's

a living canvas that tells of the origins of the world and the spiritual guide accompanying people on their journey through life. the way out of the cape up tree is shrouded in legend for the way yanna that represents the spiritual connection between people in the forest, where we have history deserves the respect to go to what i need then import downs, don't put the cape up tree is a majestic, mighty tree, the largest tree in the forest towers over to kinda be like no other level. and not

a big deal for me. this is the most beautiful tree in the world. smile is on the from its roots is very soft and easy to work with. is the one that plays to them? no. its beauty inspires the way, yana. and they use it under traditional art. is that needed to hear wireless mess? yeah, this one is perfect. that is strong of so put talk to them. 5 you into the people that, i mean, i mean if you want to remove a piece of a tree, you have to connect with that spirits and ask permission to focus on the head of respect for the tree or the forest around is that was so like, was it something going on with me today and taking a piece of wood from the tree to make

a roof disc mallor. want to have done bob telling me, do i want the money? i want to protect the village and its people from evil spirits. my grandfather taught me how to do this. i will put him in his artwork and the knowledge from our ancestors gives me inspiration and really getting quickly on one. so i got to where to see them on the please, my teeth to pick both the history of the people and the magical forest animals. and i get it symbolize the connection between humans and us, walter and sky, together to protect the community by preventing evil spirits of diseases from entering the village. we don't look like tell me

where my grandfather would often say little mix we live in the forest. but the forest doesn't need us to live what i wait for the way yanna in french deanna. the cape puck is sacred, in part because tape of tree gives the impression of being able to reach up to the heavens. a veritable giant among giants. this tree stands some 50 meters tall. the k box can live up to 500 years and belong to the middle of a plant family. during infancy, they grow at a dizzying pace of 4 meters per year in a frantic race towards the light the lunch day in the sun's

rays. the tree slowly but surely unfurls the branches of its monumental crown, which has a span of 25 meters. this has no selfish giant, it place host to a range of climbing and aerial boot, plants nestling and its branches to capture the lights. the. the game tree is a suspended garden and refuge for a multitude of species that could not exist without it. the the, its trunk up to 4 meters thick acts as a natural elevator. a ladder to the light. in this vertical corridor, a new dynamic of mutual dependencies and change of interaction emerge.

a myriad of creatures, hunting each other, imitating each other, communicating with each other, and reproducing some species are there only 4 stop over the others have been permanent residents for decades. and every species, every animal has its own entourage of creatures that attract transports or even supports. this is the case with from many ads which make a home on the tree and become themselves a foundation for another fascinating microcosm. saline, the one from the french national center for scientific research studies, the mysterious interactions between plants, insect, and micro organisms the life source and invisible link weaving them together.

water, the very fully i'm as one in the amazon rain forest is chris crossed by countless streams that flow into rivers. there is a lot of running water here, but there are hardly any standing bodies of water like lake so ponds. now for they do exist, but they have taken on a different form for that 1st. oh, use use a pound to mail, but deep inside the leaves is well teeming with life. okay, so yeah, they have the plastic you promptly. this is an episode to come from the for media and family se, unlike other terrestrial pounds, you know how it's route, you know, some sold ford,

that's what it's up to cling to. the trunk branches of the support the tree need will just from the plant feeds itself through its leaves. a simple you don't have plant watson. well, you can see that they form a kind of follow the walk and phone know can solve dump off to see that keep up for when it rains isn't to walk well to drop, it's gather in the center of the pond along with organic matter that falls from the kind of p, again, most whose key is pump lives exclusively on what it collects and it's rest of walks . and we're a screening room. the lloyd, any new appraisal on buffet, you these, i want to put on the table. maybe i see the media just the only kind of pond on the well capable of absorbing water in minerals through its leaves to step up the canyon fluid. even the suspend service original strategy has enabled a whole bio diversity of organisms to develop organisms that would not exist without the phone cut off. it's not a problem. the

excuse me, what interests us about these accounts is the diversity of organisms inside the lead. for us that's we want to understand the complex interactions of the heart of these cons printer results of the water and make ups of patients. and that's where we discover many welds in themselves on a 2nd floor. the, it's a, well, i think thursday the there of course, but also many aquatic organisms we might find funky, but tyria or alkie again, also an array of micro organisms that could be described as zoo clank tone. or find

to tank tone comparable to what we find in the ocean. if people go with their own mosquito loankey and lobby of flying insects, so jack and flies and damsel flies and beats the lobby to various organisms play a key role for the plant. they have other alahi that decompose the dead leaves, releasing nutrients that are then available to the plant, just wouldn't put up to the menu stick eggs. don't get some magnificent example of inter dependence and interactions between different species. because the plant provides a habitat for aquatic organisms, which in return provide food for the pont 20. so medical vesman with you all these natural fresh water microsystems plan, potent roles that you had on hold from them. with the sco new, the suit mosquito lobby hatch this and feed on nectar as adults so passively pollinating the plants as they feed the,

especially one. okay. rack and flies and ton prey on other insects to regulate the populations in the forest sooner than expected to see for the visually produce a beautiful song play and extremely important role in preserving the rain forest. the, during the dry season, bro, meely adds, are floating life giving water reservoirs. but for the rest of the year, the phone and fluoride usually have to contend with excess water. in some places, up to 2000 of leaders of rain can fall per square meter every year. to counteract the massive amount of water softening the soil, the cape poverty has had to adapt the

huge buttress root anchorage to the ground and keep it from toppling over the above ground. they grow up to 8 meters high and 12 meters wide. that wide base helps to distribute it's enormous weight of several 100 tons across the larger area, the in addition to stabilizing the tree. this elaborate route architecture is the result of its application to the amazons, a city, and nutrient portfolio. the, instead of going deep, the cape pod tree goes wide, making use of the top soil rich in organic. it matters in the nodules at a through the cape. bob has developed a symbiotic relationship with the meanest you organisms, bacteria, which convert nitrogen from the air into absorbable nutrients. even when the roots

of the k, pottery are flooded, they retain their nutrients supply. their cells expand to facilitate gas exchange and form larger feeding channels. the water influence is life throughout the forest. for certain species, the rainy season offers an opportunity for mixing and mingling the in this corner of the world. fish sometimes take on the role of gardner sandra korea, associate professor of aquatic ecology at mississippi state university,

is an expert on the surprising and important interaction between the world of water and the world of trees. what effects the loss of, of almost time frame for us is that while the complexity of interactions are happening, the amount of his pieces are all in terms of the one that i have been studying for 20 years now, interaction with fish and the of the in the amazon frame for it is the assessing the new safety in the pollution of fluids with the rain system.

when these rings, then all the fluids, the 1st rising. and that is really interesting because done means it attracts a low to find the months that depend on those 4 force. but many of those flu, that's totally fine. when they fall in the water that are consumed by fish. and when they use them, they carry them away. and the process is called c, disperses the fish have very little diet. so they can be eating fluids, but also flowers or to the audience. what do you think stamped on these to see the proportions of those the, for them for high this,

this is a fish from the, from me this the 1st time you see the basic layout, coffee know for i know, but you sort of eating flesh. she did the highest specialist who didn't fish and is going to be really interesting to flush this summer and see what the fish are need in the you can. so the, so these are pretty fresh, nice thing like you were needing this morning to do that. he's a very important source, so can you transfer fish because they have sugars in a box so they can send or do for the fish? he's consuming most vehicle. and then the seed is going to pass intact. like when

we the tomato we don't must because then the safety fussing, talk through the just keep track to things does things and then the fish difficult is far away. the the freshwater fish diversity is the greatest in the world in the most sonya. so that about $12250.00 spaces, the fish in a more formula the fluids. um, well we have fun so far. the seen some cases up to half of the species of threes that are producing fluids seen in these um rain season. are these 1st vices, which is a new press is diverse the, the, the, the rain, c,

selena lesson is very strong and those very drastic rain on top of this flooding. so that means that the mean china loved the river become connected with a smaller screens inside the forties and all the suited to florida is, is completely flooded and becomes one with the re, the so i see floods the fish move inside of those forties. and then they can throw up the seats anywhere the as soon as it was level falls on the soil and twice then the

jeremy nation of cures instance on. so you will see carpets of seeds that a 3rd jeremy nadine really fast because they have a very short period of time to become a stablish the for the why their services rights. anything for the trees is very has been things rules that are fish actually the fluids because it allows them to basically cold on ice new areas next. and the range of distribution, the so as much as the fish depend on the furnace for food and have it done. the for is the plan from the fish the fish actually month painting. think big about the, on the biodiversity deal, the for us or the long term. nice, perhaps one of the old, this plan on the money interaction. seeing the plan and the subsidy older than the

interaction of fluids with bart, the fluids with my mouse like monkey, some 5 star, much knew where the fish in and it was 90 time. that means that the fish have been helping shaping the composition off unless on the on rain, 4th, floor, or median. some new subjects in the amazon rain forest, where competition is in tens trees, pcs have developed ingenious strategies over generations to produce the most fragrant appetizing and colorful fruit, the aim to attract messengers capable of transporting their seats further afield. the cape hawk is a prime example producing several 100 fruits every year. the

oval capitalist can be up to 30 centimeters long and attract a whole host of bats and birds. visitors, they need to seats and spread them wherever they sent. but this tree has also developed another completely different strategy. when it cancels right, they opened up revealing new treasure seats wrapped in silky fibers. cheap hawk. this light as a feather. flashy coating enables the seats to sign long distances through the air . in this way, the wind too becomes an ally and when the seats finally find fertile soil, they germinate and

a new kind grows. the 1st root its penetrate the soil, while the 1st leaves unfold above ground. with a bit of luck, the young shoots will mature into a coupon, starting its own race towards the sky. but as the tree grows, there are still dangers ahead. suntrust bases develop special characteristics in order to send off a group of wars and other attackers, resulting an unexpected alliances. the crow pianos, for example, live in cindy hughes as we learn the colleges to the home of the van has dedicated his life to researching the fascinating relationship between cats and trees. the

middle school now the fine. now when a tree dies and falls over a new lease, a clearing and the forest is going up in a sending the system just to know that actually putting a low as the sun's light and heat to reach the ground. and stimulate the growth of seeds lying dormant, not quite sauce. this space e sit among them as a secret key of to. so if i'm in special species whose fate is closely linked to that of an and discuss on. so it's not even assuming that each one, the data, plenty is done, even in the early groups, fees of the secret po for me and as tech. and quantum can start to call any on the plant. sign is that's what i thought queen is attracted to the st. crow piano

ballad, most likely by it sent, inflict the one she finds the plans this few drills a hole in it and on it leaves her eggs and starts for a cleaning. they suck within a certain a holes and serves as an entrance and exit for workers who patrol the plant, searching for food. she have a colony that expands over the entire stem cell. and also on that at the the, it's a mutually beneficial association. she says, this is a crook, produces food exclusively to feed the hands to the water. that email, that's fine. it consists of glycogen fitzsimmons and looked at. so that's the 2 main duty for the hans. it's an almost complete food supply either only for me seeing that email to associate testing quickly. give one of the correct they collect the small cap shows on carry them inside, eat them and feed them to the larvae so that the call when he grows the dining room

set greenlee's x 2 x for life producing susan's, or even tens of thousands of workers and i could have called and he never leaves it's plant seen associates twice. you know, it's an incredible association that prom because the plant depends on the ads to survive, posted on the hands and turn depends on the plan. but i see that on, on the land provide shelter and food in return, they protect the plan from attacks by other insects that once he leaves adults was, i think the piece will play a mazda 6. the terminals and the formats are constantly warming the leaves of the plant ac and if an intruder is discovered the attack it to escape it away or even capture it. and he to this, we like actually pull it up. so the

6 you can see just to keep you is there territory. they never give it talking and defended all costs. the shooting into this was hit by a branch and broke in. unfortunately, it will not survive up. uh, neither will the call any on the naples to get to the, the, the scope of all the sony initiative. here we can see the various chambers on the floor is the, constitute the colony or not. i can, and there's a root chamber section for the workers and a section for food to store locals on these are the able to send emails to can actually take children and off the architecture of the plan creates

a perfect habitat for the end of the end here we see the queen, which has a different color and is much larger than the workers. it's been saying the theme leaves the eggs and is the mother of whole the ants and the colony for me. exactly the and then the, so you recently discovered another interaction. so this black spot, this is actually a fungus that extracts from nutrients from data. and other company waste returns them to the plant. if them, it's not a problem, does it keep you ladies? they didn't want us to you on this initial city form the hands not only protect with a plan, but also provided with better nutrition down it through this recycling you. this interaction is far more complex than we have thought for many years. a local single tax is going to be measuring tape on, on these, in a phone and also in directly contribute

to the regeneration of the forest is going to sink. hope you have a secret, creates a freight environment which other species can develop and grew until they reach the canopy and become green. forest trees. in doing your job is to show that association between adults and plant his vital for the amazon. far as the seasonal tony for me any problem, it seemed on you know, what i feel i am as in the, in the vastness of the amazon. every living creature has a very specific task in the complex ecological interplay of species. as

well to see crew forms alliances with ants. in order to survive, the cape pump tree pursues its own defense strategy. the young k pump tree boasts a code of protective honor, short thorns cupboards, trunk and sometimes even its branches the, the thorns detour or before as from nibbling on its soft wood or siphoning off its precious sap. the, and mammals are not the only thread here. the thorns also provide protection against birch that could damage bunch or be caring strangler. fix eats strangler. fix wrapped themselves around their hoss tree, gradually suffocating it,

until all that remains as a wooden skeleton. the thanks to his defenses, the young cape of tree usually escapes this fate. once it has ensured and reached the top of the forest canopy, it shuts the now redundant armour, the cape hunt like every organism in the forest, is part of a wider network that breeds feeds reproduces and interact. biologist leticia, but a shape is a specialist in rain forest, greenhouse gases. she's researching how they interact with other ecosystems and

also affect human life through the air that we breathe. yeah, the shows dispatch as it is unique things happen here. say for a force or a global important inside their our green loan to the rain forest. sorry. streamline rich and dan still go systems and drive on very poor soil. ready comforts and this royal doesn't seem particularly remote, but it is still full of life. and you can go to sleep, sir, constantly falling to the ground where they then decompose. they don't like the

rate of decomposition is extremely high. and because the temperature and humidity conditions are ideal for phone guy and micro organisms to permit them call during these notion, please postpone me that they transform leaves into nutrients that are a central for tree growth. because so we have a really efficient system that enables trees to recover nutrients as soon as they are available and not only from their own leads, but also from the leaves of their neighbors when i enter. so there's a very strong interaction between all the trees species and the soil, and we sort of say calls. another consequence of decomposition is the release of carbon dioxide. and you call again just because micro organisms are like us when they breed, they a mid c o 2. which the trees in turn need for photosynthesis solid? no. uh, that's what and its this c o 2 that enables trees to grow just to get them. it was out of the country. ready so cylinder inc,

craft c o 2 can be both absorbed and released and i was contact. i went to find out what role the forest plays and the exchange of c o. 2 between trees and the atmosphere. unplug it, is all on the left. most can, is, it says say, well, this is important in order to determine the carbon balance on the pallet and how much c o 2 is absorbed by the trees, and how much it's released into the atmosphere by the soil and the trees. surgery, me things listen, follow sudden the solve a of that as a system. and this is this balance that interests us because it's likely to be altered by human activity. oh and is that anything in the extra in the currently the balance is in favor of the forest for um was there like carbon sinks? these accounts during more than they admit and spoke extra and they currently store 100000000 tons of carbon. and so we can't say yet how forceful react to climate

change in global scale of act. what is certain is that we're seeing more extreme weather events and swipe longer and more severe periods of drought which can have a direct impact on trees. you have just shown those our vehicles anyway stream cases for as i've turned into savannah's in some places. and there are also very went very well. no. the value of the cause, you mean even plastic guy can switch. so it goes to see how does such heavy rainfall affect the forest ecosystem and it's infinity to store carbon to get out for i asked ok the gentleman so the key poetry to place its part in the great carbon cycle in the amazon rain forest. a single tree stores several tons of carbon acting as a guardian of the climate. the

but even julians had their twilight and majestic though it is. the cape hawk will also meet its end. its size also makes it vulnerable. towering about of the canopy, it is particularly exposed to the elements becoming a prime target for lightning and strong winds, which are becoming more frequent due to climate change. extreme weather events and changes in rainfall. patterns are threatening the stability, health, reproductive capacity, and integrity of k pop trees. the but they are not alone initially used to these changes to winchell range, didn't follow periods of severe drought. we can all the trees, the,

the 2 sliding wildfire, another increasingly common threat. the entire ecosystem is in danger. the the biggest threat, however, is deforestation which is devouring and decimating the forest since the 1970s. around 20 percent of the amazon has been either turned into furniture or transformed into grasslands and fields. a further 30 percent is classified as endangered, the development that so debt level and t is trying to counter the . she represents the poly core people. that's cool. we caught an umbrella

organization of indigenous groups in the amazon basin that is committed to saving the forest. the to walk with is it a far as to something sacred to me? yes, this is a part of me in a way to protect you. it means protecting my house for i say this is the assessment is on the left. like from the far as to suffering, and we need to act quickly. look to the perceived yeah. the best goals, mining, deforestation, and then grabbing us to that's what it says. no respect for the forest. yeah, i do that for 20 years under threat every way that not you. they may not see. it's clear that the house is on fire, stick left to the left. me. so i'm going to not full force has new boot is it stretches across venezuela, peru, brazil,

3. now i'm french kiana, and believe you don't go to them. we have learned to join forces with other indigenous peoples because we're all in the same fight cylinder called coordinate. don't remember the last one you got going back to lucky tag and you quite because fast it's major victory was to secure pledges from governments and civil society to protect a 2 percent of the amazon rain forest by 2025 that i for them. as we can, i've only mean it was also about showing the well, the indigenous peoples of the best guardians of the forest who took doing phone any of the john left for it don't stand. so it's up to us to show that these commitments are kept opening up $100.00. again. this is a fine to everyone who lives here,

not just indigenous people. and especially for the future of children who gather informed that you have to place your hand on the, on the trees to be able to listen. to understand what's happening. it was a phone of the. busy one of those so that we can see that when we allow the environment to tell us something beyond yeah, but put it on for the long as people have lost the ability to listen to nature in and we've gotten the most important thing and that's life. and the forest is lined up for us in the

on the on number on his arm a survivor of the show. i find that tells this story over and over to ensure the horrors of the nazi era are not forgotten. emissions more important now than ever closed up instead of see minutes on the w dimension. causes

terrible suffering for those affected and is an enormous burden for their relatives . caring for people with dementia involves special efforts. what environment is best for them? a place to feel safe and 19 minutes on dw, the we will not fade away. growing up in a country with no prospect of us in 2019 before the russian invasions 5 young people searching the way and dream vacation to the

human they is we will know said away starts february 14th on dw, the, the state w. here's live from balance us president donald trump says these country will take over gaza and turn it into the vieira. the middle east. do us will take over the guys a script and we will do a job with it to will own it. it's a trump, once palestinians and gaza relocated to egypt and jordan, it's ready, 5 minister benjamin netanyahu, the prices for president fall thinking out of the box also. and the program student led anti corruption. protests sweep across the serbia, tens of thousands joined fact.