to there's a note just to have his face to make the right decision to dw news is to follow you can dress them often and tell them to dont these days. good robots are almost like programmable don't know how it fine muscles put by moses say that we're bit lacking and not truly do. let's see. it's not civility and flexibility of living beings, not just so you can change the box and move on. this edition of dw science change. welcome to tomorrow a. today our muscles are

incredible. they react fast, use energy efficiently, and let us perform complex movements. that's why they've been inspired, robotic engineering for decades. robots getting ever more agile and stable even without artificial muscles. but that could soon change. the small robotic leg is the 1st to use electro hydraulic actuators. essentially a type of artificial muscle look like kind of look like a frog. so, yeah, it's like fun. you see, i mean, so let's be ition ave to you those me, it looks a bit like apply to my of so i'm here on this upper class. there are 2 eyes. and these are actuator pos looked like the bill. this is additional to the hopping robot. like might look a bit strange, but it's been evasion, lives and it's actuators. artificial muscles developed at the max planck institute for intelligent systems in germany. the artificial muscles are highly efficient and use very little energy. the leg is also remarkably agile,

easily adapting to different terrain. and artificial muscles are still fencing, meaning the leg can detect obstacles and react automatically without complex programming. it's almost like a reflect that kind of muscle memory. but how does that actually work? what about the ground? it's like there's a small stone, big stone and grasses. so the muscle ultimately got adjust the motion and then generate adoptable res. i'm making the commotion size, the advice you bought. in other words, it doesn't know what kind of surface it finds on done, but because it's often adaptable and respond directly to the ground beneath it, without any complex controlling technology. when a, it's a complex, legally mistakenly submitted to the robot like works much like ours. when we jump in land, we don't consciously decide how much defender needs our muscular skeletal system just automatically to the train. we fits electro hydraulic muscles.

the new robot like follows the same principle, has a electrodes and we upright high voltage to an extra blackbox engine. for example, this is the image x, so we have 4 inside and this rough fox is the next door. and when we applied voltage, it looks, it will start to keep ends in making construction. it's a lot like how real must work in oil next to contract fund command and response to an electrical impulse. the higher the voltage, the stronger the contraction. it's a new approach, but the technology is reminiscent of the hydraulic actuators that powered an earlier generation of robots. when those robots became steadier on their feet, hydraulic actuators began to catch on. but the systems consumed a lot of electricity. and when the hydraulic causes 1st, they created a huge mess. that's why many developers switched to using electric motors and robot

joints that might see modern but electric drive systems have been around for over 70 years. the new artificial muscles might one day offer another option for powering robots that could have many benefits. they can change the formation and also energy efficiency. when the extra dies hoarding space for just making force, actually they don't have to consume any power. so this is a biggest different as problems. i know more like i was a b, d, c motors or something as an expert in fedex through megan, it's existence. this thermal image illustrates the different traditional electric motors heat up when holding a joint in a bit position. the artificial muscles stay cool, eliminating the need for extra cooling and saving energy. but the technology isn't perfect yet. sometimes when the artificial muscles go limp, the scientists have to give them

a little massage to get them working again the gun surface issue times you forget that it's actually a robot and the the massage helps release electrostatic charges that can interfere with operation in a way it's like the artificial muscles get stiff and sore, which like ours, is followed by charge, builds up inside the muscle, which can make it lots effective as a good thing when we massage it from top to bottom. it ideally we gain that's full functionality to give you the positive, hopefully send out and face that sort of the technology is still in its infancy. so if you had got to go with the territory, that one day artificial muscles might be capable of powering robots with 2 or 4 legs. robot hands could also benefit gaining greater dexterity. right now, this conventional robot needs a complex system of sensors to pick up and move around with artificial muscles that task to be much simpler on this such

a forget this month. so you might be able to grasp ideally, family fragile objects more easily life and can do that and interact with them more naturally than a traditional robot. or one made from rigid material to emission plus are talking about this in about 10 long, but thanks to artificial intelligence and machine learning. robotics is making huge strides, mastering increasingly complex task. but so far as these advances, it's mostly been in software. it's been a long time since these seem real innovation and drive to the new robot leg, powered by artificial muscles, could help change that by modeling itself back to the muscles and tendons that make humans. so our child, the now we're ready for lift off. when it comes to a muscle, so it gets to real workouts and the trending useful to wing foiling. how the wing folds actually, what the wings are attached to the bottom of the board. the

shape of the front wing is what the board the top of the wing is cub. say the water moves foster above the wing. somebody set that means the pressure on the forward is lola which creates list and that comes back to the board, making it ready for less stuff. and one of switzerland many legs, students are developing a special hydro foil boat designed to run on renewable energy. the goal is to design a boat capable of crossing lake geneva. so that's good. we got, there's the, what is it? we're checking the propellers. they're powered by a motor up here, connected through an angular gearbox works. the boat is equipped with 3 carbon fiber, dra files of different size is the key to its performance citizens. oh,

i see that this makes us belford there. the heart of the boat going into the hydra foils, make it possible for the boat to lift out of the water and cutting drag by 50 percent . that makes the boat much more efficient process at this level. but not every thing in this project is high tech. sometimes a simple solution like tape does the job. here the tape is used to smooth out turbulence, further reducing drive from the type, it's not just using carbon fiber and high tech material, so we'll use whatever is most effective and efficient. we're not building a cruise ship, we're designing a boat that's as efficient as possible. so if there's a longer to it's after 2 years of development, it's time for the real test crossing lake geneva this hydro for it will run entirely on solar and hydrogen. fuel compliment balance is the,

this is the 1st step towards the future of passenger about is we want to show that innovation is possible. could you give us some, some procedures? it gives you nearly 70 students from different fields are contributing to the project. something elizabeth could sell them cuz they were a little nervous because we put so much work into this. now we hope that will pay off the you the students are working towards a more sustainable future by building on an idea from the past. the concept of using under water wings to lift the boats is over a 100 years old. this photo shows that hydro foil boats were already in use packed in on lake montreal. this could be the earliest film footage of a hydro foil, a boat designed by alexander graham bell, one of the inventors of the telephone. but it took decades for the idea of the

flying boat to gain traction to 1952. switzerland became a key player in the hydro, a foil the, the swiss company supermarket developed some of the 1st commercial hydro foil ferries at news if they're cutting edge design and spread around the world of empty about ship those here on light blue sir. and the boat has just gone into service, it looks like a modern, fair a, but it's actually the fastest passenger boat in the world. could reach a speeds of 40 kilometers per hour, rising above the water on hydro foils cdm. now cdm of tax fusion. the idea took off super more dominated the hydra photo market, leading the industry for nearly 25 years. their vessels grew larger, more powerful, and more advanced. by the mid sixty's hydra photos had even made it to the silver screen. and thunderbolt sean connery's james bond declined to board

a luxury hydra foil yacht owned by the films villain. but hydra foils are prone to damage and costly to maintain. in many places, they were replaced by bridges or short hall flights. overtime they fell out of favor today, ship builders are using lightweight, durable materials like cap laura and carbon fiber, making 100 foil stronger and more efficient than ever. these innovations have given the technology a new lease on life. now the students are about to put their design to the test, their route to 14 kilometer journey from those on switzerland's to 80 on france, the solar powered hydro foil is wheeled to the harbor. the goal is clear to cross the lake using the hydra foils. they design themselves with minimal emission, so nothing now really excited, but i'm sure it will go well,

we're confident and well prepared. invitational obama shay joins the students at the lake, a professor at this with institute of technology. he coordinates the project. the focus is on sustainability from the votes, energy source to the materials used in its construction, on the se, the boxes we want to be part of the green revolution. so we're training students from different fields to make sustainability a priority. and i don't want you to route the ones that have it on the boat gets one final check, then the pilot pushes the throttle. it's time to head out the the 250 kito. kraft lifts out of the water heating just 15 kilometers per hour to take off. they've cleared the 1st challenge,

but what they may get across the lakes. the students from those on aren't the only ones pushing the limits of this technology. from stockholm to san francisco, new zealand to ireland, shipbuilders, and start ups of world wide are developing and testing hydro for oil fairies that can carry up to 130 passengers. the key innovation is combining electric and hydrogen powered propulsion. the goal to glide across the water emission free designers believe hydro files will enable higher speeds while reducing wave impact, the noise pollution the to also i've had well actually yeah, come on say come, it's all, it's amazing to see how this one's nice technology driven by innovation has grown into a movement who's getting in stream. uh so see what i want this all the way. every

way you look, boats are lifting off and gliding above the water for the the most. it's pretty wild folks us who is such a fool for that one. but don't expect to see hydro foils on cruise ships like this one which carries nearly 8000 passengers or on large cargo vessels. therefore, wheels would need to be so massive that they'd create too much drag. and hydra foils aren't well suited for open ocean conditions. mission accomplished the hydro foil boat is heading back to port the . the students and their professor are proud and relieved over. do you mean you, we really flu calm waters. the sunsets sailing straight ahead. incredible.

the only issue was the hydrogen, but overall it was amazing. i don't see that gosh. that the tape held, and the hydra foil boat was boats faster and more energy efficient. hydro foils could play a major role in the future of sustainable water transport when it comes to sustainable shipping, the large container ships that chris across the oceans on particularly climate friendly. they haven't huge amounts of pollutants on it, so you get to us in 2020 full, 809000 called great vessels sale the world's oceans. and there were on a collision course with marine animals, including whales, in the waters of the coast of present. the water is choppy today, but the humpback well is it bothered. majestically, it rises to the surface for air,

then dives back down. the scientists are thrilled to jago for robbery has spotted to humpbacks, probably a mother with our cows. the marine biologists had out almost every day to observe the whales. these gentle giants come to the warm, shallow waters off the coast of victoria and southeastern brazil to raise their young april seemingly. it's soon amazing to see these creatures up close. they can way up to 30 tons and reach 60 meters in length. that's the best of you is from the air. some of the whales are shy and keep their distance from the boat as it rocks on the waves. as well as my eyes like cheapest for the day, but his older wails might have seen members of their pod hunted, which could have left them traumatized by the effects mckillop that washing g. a. we have to remember they're highly intelligent animals status. this didn't want me to finish yates,

commercial. we're laying off brazil's coast was banned in the mid 19 eighties. since then, the whale population here has grown from is 800 to nearly 30000. this area has become something of a well nursery. this the mother way is gently lifting her newborn calf to the surface for a brass. but the wheels aren't completely safe here, some suffocating plastic waste, while others get caught and fishing nets and drown. the biggest threat, however, comes from the massive ships entering and leaving victoria as harbor credit for what makes them so dangerous as a bucket. so put example, a couple or something like that. ship just left victoria as harbor and is heading out to transport goods around the world. and right up there, a well mother is swimming with our calf view. if that ship isn't careful, it could collide with them, possibly killing them, as well as i'm off. the ships are also very noisy, disrupting the wheels communication biologist rudo russian de,

uses an underwater microphone to record their songs. he has been a is unless they will sing, especially the males, and they use songs to attract a main center, communicate with other whales, for many cuts. so wheels help maintain the ocean's ecological balance and even regulate the global climate, as well as somebody up there which wales are the gardeners of the ocean system. there excrement fertilizes the water and because they're so large and heavy, their movements help mix the oceans layers, which feels that this process shuttles nutrients into areas that would otherwise have very little to no organic matter gentle mention thing. what about they don't want those nutrients, sustain plankton, tiny micro organisms that store vast amounts of c, o. 2, when wales feed on plankton, they also help regulate carbon levels in the ocean. this marine bio diversity is

essential and wells play a crucial role in keeping it in balance as well. wells have been here for millions of years and won't vanish over night. but this is also about us about human survival usage. so what happens in these waters has a direct impact on our own future. the by 20 says see the un names to have the cheapest son to the world's oceans designated as marine protection areas. right now it certainly 8.2 percent. there's conservation areas to protect, all right, sions and how it would kind of sherry as well. officious gas. and just as importantly, those things should also allow for interaction and exchange categories, you know, is preparing for a dive, a marine scientist at the ocean and logical observatory and been use in math in southern france. she studies maureen connectivity. the way ecosystems in the ocean

are linked per focus is encore guardians, a type of soft coral was also small demographic. today we're conducting a population survey of chord guardians, substitute goals that they like to study connectivity. we 1st need to know how many reproductive individuals are in the population of, of those and put credentials because yeah, we'll also collect samples for genetic analysis back in the lab. today, she's joined by a doctoral student and a professional diver. earlier this morning. the team wasn't sure if the dive would happen. the weather has been unpredictable. but after assessing the condition, the captain and the divers agreed the risk was manageable. the level of id uh we're headed to kathy. yeah. and the when is the when do you think kate, this is frank stuff that creates unusual credit in the water with what makes it

a special environment? yes, we'd love to. could you the bane you're buying your is a natural marine reserves. some areas are under very strict protection and are completely off limits to nearly all human activity. but even here, marine populations can die off due to storms, heat waves, or diseased. the problem that we need to do to try that heavy, so that's the case, the spread of larger, that is the only way a depleted population can we cover who production can utilize? one area is affected larvae from a healthy population of square connection, help replenish it. was that what is it called? what's the date or deactivate area alone can to prevent natural disturbances? because so could you fit the heart of the connected network and reserve it because of our resilient usually is that way the long term benefits. so if there are any reserves opposite of this, what that any t i lost and then the boat has reached its destination, the,

the researchers are studying or guardians along the coast. the soft corals drive on rocky. c bents. today they're focusing on a species of white. gorgonio guardians, are natural ecosystem engineers forming small coral force that provide shelter for many other marine species. that's like, are going and serve as an indicator of biodiversity. the team carefully counts how many individual coils live within a square meter and records their size for goods un gorgonio and are the ideal species to study marine connectivity. if i'm anybody, sco guardians attached themselves to rockers and stay there for layers. fidget said, the only time there's any exchange between populations is during reproductive session with the government. so we'll have a quick search for going in eggs visible here as tiny violet dots on the branch of

a red. gorgonio are fertilized by sperm carried by ocean currents. as the larvae develop, they detached from the mother coral and drift away. this free phase when the larvae spread through the water, is now being replicated in a computer simulation designed by the researchers. now the do go good. those are starting out, i'm sure, is that gardonia and large, they behave like passive particles, which are carried by the currently to the cool signal to see if we can map out the patch. the larva will taste it if it were released this specific location within time. i support that. i think a lot of the simulation is based on ocean current models, similar to those used in weather forecasting. in the next step, the researchers simulate the release of 2 different populations represented by red

and blue dots at separate locations along francis mediterranean coast. we. oh yeah, well no, that's the only feed us through the particulars. actually we reach the point where the blue and red population start to little circle. this is how we measure connectivity between population and you see fit as a connectivity means that individuals from one population are transferring to in the corporate us. but do these models accurately reflect what happens in reality to find out the researchers collect samples just as they did during their dive that morning. back in the lab, the samples undergo genetic analysis. i see that there's all kinds of when the genetic fingerprint, the 2 populations are very similar to feed us. it means patient makes the lot so soft to them real quick. but if their fingerprints are very differently to put in their connection is minimal. because visual poor, because so to connect to this research i'm maureen. connectivity is especially important right now because of new initiatives to establish more marine protected areas in the mediterranean. it's underway right now to 0.0. 4 percent of the

mediterranean is designated as 0. you don't like the one in virginia, but under your bio diversity strategy, that number is set to rise to 10 percent by 2030. don't sure will agree. so the challenge is designing these new protected areas. so they're truly connected to sale credit. right now we're working with what's basically a blank mass o c, but i can't, we don't know how far apart enough to protect its own, to the 4th, to allow us to be seen, to move between them. so if you are beneath the ocean, there are invisible highway of hoops that fish tremble every day. but until recently we didn't even know they existed. it's not to adult to replace somebody, they'll come to diesel. we know some and bucket does exist by mapping these under water highway researchers and to create a connected network of resilient protected areas where marine life can fried the thought. so for now,

thanks for joining us. i'm sorry to see you again next time onto laurie today. by the, the, the

reason the topics that i'm reading the time we talk about private data isn't helping to slide crying. social media tends to shift because uh, digital networks world. so what are the biggest challenges? we'll talk about that shift coming up on d, w. our economy is designed to grove, but our planet is reaching its limits. you get the sense that there is no concept

in also a sense that industry isn't one at all. then essentially the question is, what needs to shrink here and what does it prosperity without growth? is it possible the in 15 minutes on the w, the 7 am burden, what i self is getting on the plane. i'll be on board as well now receive, had fallen briefing funding is right in the middle of the global tensions about time between east and west and pulled across to democrats. germany's whole system is on the fast politics and getting down during the fall, trying to do gaming grounds and the world around germany. just getting more dangerous. we break it all down with experts and political plans and we did what it

means to you from violin to right away. you are totally non you broadcast fun in briefing on youtube and wherever you get this, the shadows of jumping colors. these pod costs and video shed lights on the dog is devastating. colonial har is infected by germany across and he employed the scorched post bombs and destroyed lights. what is the legacy of this wide spread races, depression, today? history, we need to talk about here, the stories, shadows of german colonialism, conflict crises around everything is mapped out, shows the do you see the on the board is what makes things the way,

the way all the solutions mapped out, navigating a changing world. now on youtube, the, this is the domain use and these are on top stories to you as a vice president. judy vaughan says, accused european leaders of are undermining free speech and ignoring the citizens concerns and then address at the munich security conference. funds also met with your cleaning and president living there, zaleski for talks on an end to the russian war in his country. i must have said it will release 3 more hostages on saturday. the 3 is ready, man were.