this conflicts, crises, every single connection mapped out shows the geophysical reality. the on the board is what makes things the way they are mapped out. navigating a changing world. now on youtube, the, the, the, the democratic republic of the congo, africa, 2nd largest country with a honda of africa beats around the river of the same name i've spent so to use filming here. i've witness store to come go seasons,

the turmoil of its history. the hopes of its people and its popular uprisings. i've also met men and women fighting against violence and injustice. one of them is a doctor who for years has risk to his line by speaking out of outcome goes culture of impunity. this will be my name is dennis mcquaid. i come from one of the richest countries in the world . and yet the people of my country are among the poorest in the world. last, the abundance of our natural resources. gold, coal times cobalt and other strategic minerals, fuels conflict which in turn causes extreme violence and abject poverty in the democratic republic of congo. democratic decal typically is

more over 2 decades. the con, the least people have been mass occurred before the eyes of the international community. the people of my country urgently needs nissan to be on business, paramount as well. since 1996 congo has been the scene of bloody international conflict was for to have a pallet money and the country's results wells. the perpetrators of these crimes accomplish hundreds of rental new as my landlords, congolese soldiers and foreign i'm is the least master because of lead to widespread displacements, the use of child soldiers and the use of rapes as a weapon of war. these crimes have been committed with impunity mass graves to be not uncovered. the number of victims is in the hundreds of thousands. it may even be millions. how could such a tragedy come about?

the. 6 2 the, to understand the democratic republic of the con goes recent history. you have to go back to the 1990 is when the country was called z i. e, a boot to say, say, say, kind of had ruled the nation with a 9 5th since 1965. but the aging and sic dictate as rule was coming to an end, the neighboring rolanda,

a tragedy took place. that would also have consequences. bizarre. yeah. between april and july 1994 up to 1000000 roland and men, women and children were mastic and most belonged to the tootsie minority. the genocide was committed by the army and by militia as of who to extremist, but civilians belonging to rolanda who to majority also took part. to let's see, ami formed in exxon and uganda. in 1997 marched into rolanda and put an end to the killings. a new government was established in the capital k tale. with hutus fearing retribution. as many as 1500000 of them crossed the border into eastern side the among these refugees with thousands of on criminals soldiers and who to militia of fighters who had been actively involved in the genocide. the,

the refugees crowded into time, sent up near the border, forced to live in extreme conditions. the militias took them hostage using them as human shields against reprisals who to extremist also impose their laws on civilians. the aim was to continue the war and eventually re gain power. these calms were a threat to a land as new, strong man, polk, a gummy under his ally, uganda, and president. giovanni must 7 in both men won't. the international community about the situation is such as the region would it depend upon what the international community kind of do and how safe today it's going to do that, sending the race and destroys,

thinking those to clean the nose and addressing infinity in the region is for, for this, the solution to, for all of us a total, then the new was most what i seeing the $21.00 that is for submitted to lies lie do with the international community from the some use people because we see the whole aim is to cut out the genocide again, which i'm not accepted and that the for the international community cannot do something about it. we should have to do something about our systems. i didn't go into details of what when to move the big move to some of the, to remove these are messages from the board to, to dip in the cold. according to the you in regulations,

she had refused. we had a big the international community to separate the people from the messages they had issues. so it was due but so this was a public wanting to to go to the other side of the, to, for the reaction. is that a little trouble or what it is we're going to provide the solution, load them sort of a mentor lock of action from the international community gummy and was 70 made good on this ranch. in october 1996, a coalition of roland and totes the soldiers. elements of the uganda, an army and saw here in rebels, invaded the territory of zaya. the diverse group called itself the alliance of democratic forces for the liberation of comb. go for a f d l it's rita was low home to is

a could be the account release speaker who had been an opponent to president my bluetooth to yes. the plant out the old dictator and sees paula in contrast to. meanwhile, polk economy's main aim was to dismantle the camps. post the refugees to return to rolanda and destroy the militias run by the perpetrators of the genocide the but no sooner had the deal. troops cross the border. they carried down the 1st massacre. it took place in a hospital and limit uh, in the province of south keybo. the facility was run by denise mcquaid, then a young doctor. a few years later, he visited the place where the congolese tragedy began. for the premium,

a subject you say the 1st of massacre happened here in the hospital. so essentially the war started here. you put that you can get the how many were killed my love. yeah, yeah. my that the total to 30 patients and 3 of our employees. let's get the compass of benefits. when someone can kill a patient in bed and not be prosecuted for the crime that shows the circumstances we are living in today to skills people. so if you did, you know who the rebel leader was, as i said, people, no, not at the time was when the vision we had never heard of come below before the attack on the hospital. so tell me this, but any legal consequences or the germans never is a quick. i believe that this is where the impunity began facing the situation developed quickly.

the allied ami approach because of the capital of south kiva, the city and its refugee camps were targeted by bombs, adults, hillary sounds. the defense of building this in the northeast. to move the domain on the tube or 29th 1996 because who was surprised by widespread shelling, boom boom. we will come to a lot of bones. the the one didn't shelves were falling on because the food within days, those of died. we will never knew exactly how many i'm exempt from work. we buried them in mass graves on because hopefully started this thing we got stuck on the cruise could no longer fly because they had eaten so much human flagship. and most of them with adults covered by eating the real thing for the use of goofy, emotionally, because i'm pretty flexible. they didn't even think, i mean, why they needed to put in the tweet gummies regimes and soldiers to destroy the cam . and we were bombed for a night and a day and some, so we moved on because we couldn't stay on the ro one does a border or one that is that you'd of the book with the more there were many dads,

one day, is there a wand? and troops crossed into the boats and shunted us in the tents with heavy weapons. done that the massacre and exterminate us for the most likely poor music said, i mean this is the kentucky. they drove us out. they set fire to the camps and drenched them in blood rugs we had to flee from south keeble into the interior of the yeah, and it's of interior design, the as you and human rights officer in contrast. so we were witnessing the advance of uganda and rwandan and burundi and troops across the country. and extensively led by a load on dizzy rate could be left as the head of the deal. that this coalition was progressively advancing across the country. and as they advanced, we were receiving reports of large scale massacres of refugees

in order to escape the violence. most of the refugees returned to rolanda, but hundreds of thousands of them continued to flee through the company as far as the landon's and b. a. s t l sold as proof of the guilt and began to ruthlessly hunt them down. the no that would cause the offense deformable as we crossed the congo and the great forests on foot. you know, there was nothing to eat but to no water. no toilet is over here we all age to funeral. both children and adults were emaciated to the bone. you may get closer. you know, what did you eat in the forest? the forest indicated if we, if we did in the forest all there is fruit from wilder going trees,

they told me anything that's not better. you can eat fruits or leaves if they even these ones here. if it isn't bidder, it can be eaten most usually on to go on. the suitors show when we came across the cassava field and fed ourselves there. now if we destroyed whole fields, more than 20000 people were on the move and we had nothing to phone. what is it this it out? so we destroyed the fields of the con, the least. sometimes we stayed in the forest where there was no field and no villages. those who got malaria or diarrhea stays behind, do this to my mother died much and i laid her body by the side of the road and i kept walking with this is you continue the results of abuse of community g, d, one decimal double. people no longer knew where the refugees were. they don't,

the humanitarian community didn't know either and gotten me. they were scattered in the forest. do we? my flew over the forest following the route to kiss and gunny. and to be true, we saw a crowd in the forest, i made the lakes of which i had never seems as i may be invited to this day, i had never seen another credit like it update on the, on the way back was it. we use the route as a landing strip and discovered thousands of london who to refugees starving to death and the florida. if you see it with wonder, the way the fight that up for it. he said, i claim, yeah, it was the 1st time i looked hell on the face. say all of us the in a remote area and it 10 getting get a 1st to monetary income void. traveling along the railroad line, discovered thousands of exhausted, dazed refugees. desperate for how the

day there is no trace of the dying bodies hold a make shift comes the forest, swallowed them up, folded remains. uh images like these. but he lives on the baby in the river. it's not house. is it a live pulling in with the cost more than 200000 desperate refugees crowded into a competent eating gate, the real land and ami together with b as a f. d l prevented aid from reaching them and eventually stormed account. they

perform all or the media for more musket. the media i wanted to about 5 users were massacred in team meeting. the ability to these are truths that certain people in power at the time wanted to cover on the pump. they did 2 feet long, the sick one almost like i did, i appreciate the u. n. u that rwandan who to refugees were being massacred and congress, they can't say they didn't know because the u. n. h c r, i was here in case on got any heavy, but at the time it falls on the balance of power, shifting and vapor for one to anybody. and after the cold war, bluetooth supposed to be removed, it's just, it's on. so people kept quiet. these offices and did nothing, you know? yeah. there's testimony from, from congolese that route, that record the bodies were gathered, were burned, buried to hide, to hide the evidence. but there's a very serious group of crimes that were committed south africa's in gunny that i think i have never, never been investigated to you know, to, to satisfaction. so data people, one, there is the,

were rwandan truth desk. and one of those they had insignificant congolese leaders to sort of how you miss the conk allies the fighting. i've a but they were ones in troops with real ones and commanders on best on it easy, james calorie b who was here himself and another come under. who is none other than joseph could be lot a or they all to go like, casually, they've gotta be lucky. you don't care who is here. your people saw him. you said, you know, you said they know about the master because like joseph that we of course is it sounds with them of it and nothing would have happened. you must have at the head of the a, f, d l. troops was roland, an officer. james, come out of a, a confidant of coming, having proven himself in the role and tanami became a general and the leading think the in the rebellion, tablet or they brought with him another young soldier, joseph could be the son of the rebel lee to the home that a can be

a the own routes are to send guntee. the rwandan troops captured several 1000 refugees. they forced them onto a train and returned them to rewind. and g o as oscar to receive the convoy when it arrived. but the humanitarian aid workers found was catastrophic. hundreds of the refugees died along the way. the

deal troops committed, one massa after another. but a rebel lee de la home days are you to be to did nothing. his silence was the price he had to pay. if he wanted to seize pie with the help of the uganda, and rolanda nom is, by now the rebels had conquered half the country. many young people, disgusted by the move to regime the countess opponents gotta be that. as the rebels marched in triumph to wants the capital, they hardly encountered any resistance the most. like we have huge armed forces. the rebellion is what's called

a national democratic revolution of combustion as study aloud. what is your age? in other words, it's the revolution of an entire people and all its ethnic diversity rejecting the methods and practices of the malibu to regime. everyone knows it has been a police redeem and a blood thirsty regime for years. the latter, because on it in the west of the country, a column, if exhausted, refugees was approaching the town of amanda, cause they had walks all the way from kissing donnie more than 700 kilometers. the last hope of escaping was to cross the congo river and to reach the border. the book is the you to do up of this year this year we have the time i was provincial director of the red cross emergency services. are you doing one of your menu for making the team leader came into my office and told me there was an

influx of people traveling and unless call them diesel allows you to call on that. i mean, i don't want to wait, but a lot of there is no end in sight. excuse me, more people kept coming native, thousands and thousands of them didn't do music even is totally long ago. as soon as they arrived and been dhaka, they were massacred. all along the road with the bundle, the city see the letters to shoot you. i wonder what to do differently about to pull this is the port belonging to the you not truck transport union. this is where they were when and who to refugees had to take the boat. and finally get to i review the part of the boat. couldn't leave it because the boatman had fled, gone home when the rebels entered the tire left. you a,

a good letter for you. he's a refugee. he's got onto the boat and wanted the soldiers open. fire on them all. they were all shot. he's all said move a letter from the dealers who someone digital fell into the wall. sure. if i took a $1000.00 lamps acute, don't even the ones who were still standing on the key were massacred literally. mastercard, them a 2nd. it did. they both. they dropped the bombs and grenay by and fired bullets until you couldn't hear anything good. now they've cleared the movie. innocent people down fell into the water because the others lay scattered on the ground. last shot, it was a witch hunted. they killed us, not to get in the queue. we must get sits in the killers. what are rwandan, tootsie brothers? and it to not those i arians seem to be, but is that you were they were not congolese affinity by the, simply by the community. this is something that i must say because it did all the collect to the bodies that were lying all over the streets. there's a whole k,

a little crazy like dogs, the big mass grave here. and there read all the bodies to say cool. how many other cool people a lot and if i point daily worked in the rain, but we picked them up with vehicles. it brought them here and through the man i must have done the back and forth and collecting them on, you know, we didn't have time to count, you know, hit the police on the, on may the 17th. 1997, a s d l troops to control of control center. among them were rwandan and uganda and soldiers. after 32 years of i'm challenged rules to dictate to mobutu glad. he died a few months later in exxon and morocco. go home just as

a be to declared himself president, to the surprise of his allies. 11 days later, he was born in, in contrast, as national stadium among those watching on with the african rulers who had supported him was dizzy of a, b, g, b, d. the he renamed the country from now owns i yeah, would be the democratic republic of the congo. but as far as democracy was concerned, could be that postponed elections and bonds, political parties among his appointees. but rwandans from his entourage, such as general james cut better, a bay who was named chief of stock of the new comedies ami hi witnessed a strange, vague 3 the conquests based on violence, criminality and injustice. the united nations was not full and moved to hold the

new president to account so after the fall, with contrast to the secretary general mandated an investigative team that was led by international experts and had full investigative capacity that came to contessa and tried to deploy in various parts of the country to investigate these allegations that we had documented. i'm assuming i need to speak to it as well. do we respect human rights or both of those things in the list. we have come to enforce human rights. so you see that and end of the brutal dictatorships, only slightly through the history of cents, list killings, that is the combination of 32 years of my boy to rule is on the subdivision. to protect himself onto his allies, covina obstructed. any united nations investigation in contrast to you and investigators waited impatiently to be given a green light to begin that walk as long

as you don't do monday we'll do is us through the whole unbundled deca ends at the ocean. the, so the luxury was you need to get us started an investigation and mondanca because it was recently lost. it didn't, it was hell for me. the order came from contessa to wipe away the traces. so the order from president gabriella, just, you, of course, just let me know that we were supposed to take up the bodies and remove them to protect it though you lost it, has nothing i didn't can do back after a while, the time myr came into the office yeah, i did, he asked me to show him where we had it in the forty's where we had a very simple course that i'm imposing too depressed me. i said by

mister mayor, i'm not going to do that. you know, if you don't send me the deputy of you who i don't think most of another jeep came with a soldier. and with the news on the front door, he came in and angrily pointed his finger on me the quote. and that's what you thought of already my bracket. who do you think you are? if you do ok, i said ok to me through me could be little a point. you general in the morning. maybe getting it out. let's get you much and we want you to do it best on. i didn't kill anyone. if i don't really cool, i just read the bodies. i can't do what he wants me to do. i wouldn't do it was your feeling he's threatened me with his revolver. let me do both and put it down and said, you'll see see, was supposed to be kidnapped and taken tacoma. obama elect me because she so i hit him with the interest formed a team of young people for the operation 11 isn't for much younger than they were told to take up the bodies that were in the mass graves and other places the shooting. they dug them up with machinery and dumped the bodies into the river is

you don't if left. 6 the room dizzy, they could be live. clearly don't want this team to succeed in its investigation. the team was harassed and intimidated at certain points and in time, often in the field and after approximately 10 months between 19971998 of trying to investigate. they picked up a left the country and submitted the report to the secretary general, who then in turn, submitted it to the security council. the congolese were against foreign, occupying armies that would come to the countries natural resources. so could be, you know, trying to free himself from these old allies a year off to taking power. he dismissed the uganda and andrew and, and soldiers giving them 48 hours to leave the country. the ro landon's return to take all the humiliated and angry. but 2 days later,

they cross the border again. the 2nd congo wall was about to begin once again, the country was divided. con goes natural results is a highly coveted, diamonds, gold, gold time, co pay, co boat uranium in the east of the country. opponents of president gabriella founded a new rebel movement. the congolese riley democracy. rolanda supported the rebellion and was pulling the strings. video. so no for this. the rebels began their destruction though, but to event, is it on august 2nd, 1998. not that we're still hearing shop is still during citizens of dead. don't go to they miss all are you still? so how is this destroyed by bombs and shells just like 2 years before for the same rwandans returned across the same border. there were massacres in all the villages and influences. what if he doesn't get the most likely

the media bill in the to a bubble for the soldiers weren't killing to defend themselves. unit 2, they seem to want to exterminate everyone. village is burned. the government killed old women and children. they just involve babies for they were like wild animals. why did they kill their brothers to? most of them are come to lease by now that when numerous militias and rebel movements active and congo, all of them had external support from uganda, uganda, zimbabwe. oh and go to whom i don't have come goes neighbors were trying to plunder it's natural result is as always, civilians were the main victims the

uh yeah, yeah yeah, but the big the. 6 the, the, the give bit, go on and off the of the i'm the

consult with the limit to do, who do you think was behind these walls and mazda because the car was sub, but they've got this concept of this, isn't this fairly about central, ok, much at 50, the main culprits, at least of the massacres. i witnessed were brigade officers and he just got, they went as far as kelly me and burned down all the villages of that up and there was colonel and me say belong, be ok. could name the mike mike oscar, so above all his deputy gabrielle a, me see. good name was tango for. he became chief of staff of the army double who is going to bring this guy to justice shifted me continues to carry a massacres. that me give others jesus and make it quick, and gabrielle and i see one of the country's most brutal and ruthless one on embodies the absurdities of the congolese was as the chief of staff at the rebel army. he over saw a mastercard of soldiers and police loyal and so it could be a but a few years later, he was made

a general in the communities all me today. he's the armies inspector general the to tend to vent the new sockets of and people came here to worship. on august the 24th 1998 st. bartholomew's day. the children as well as adults foam due to perform a love seat. the one and soldiers immediately surrounded the church did one day.

softly assist clearly the use of a lot and they killed the people with axes of the hush is 139 people were massacred . additional 80. so right here in the church on the sun, just remember the only please we're not the the. yeah you, we are afraid that there is still a militia here in the forest. go off. ok. i don't want to leave. we are not free. the. there is no security, you can, so this is how we live day after day. that's on those, those the, we don't know what will happen tomorrow. you know, no one dares to say these things openly. could we, for example, which government army or group has burned down thousands of houses with hundreds of people inside this? i think of this something visual or the lumen then, or no matter where the perpetrator is promoted as a reward or to make people afraid of them. why? it makes you wonder if the government even exists without justice. there can be no

peace to become a general in the democratic republic of congo. you have to kill 1000 people related this one for division. and what kind of logic is that the violence was probably more widespread in the 2nd world of them in the 1st one. although the numbers of civilians killed at a so high and but in both wars. but in the, at the of the use of, of rape as a weapons of war became really, unfortunately very widespread. and, you know, unfortunately we documented the masi brave must've killings the earnings of entire villages or all sorts of, of, of mice that go to stay, that you can imagine the conflicting congo increasingly so multiple phones is all fighting each on to the east. that way,

even to foreign armies engaged in battle. neither rolanda nor uganda owned the territory. they were fighting over the day. wanted natural results is design gunny condos. the laundry city became a battlefield on june. the 5th, 2000, the city was boned, that were a high number of casualties. lessons because there were bodies lying everywhere. others were very by family members, me such as proof that the murder does, your name is lucky with sick on. so like you have this usual silly, cool, one of them on the bottom by the 6 day war was the height of barbarism by the ro wanda. and then you've gone to an army. there were diamonds and gold traders. here all keys. i'm gonna use the full crumb between the east and west of the country. the foreign armies fund for control of the strategic mineral resources city. but you don't have, he is going to the i'm a goes is of

a the you gardens were on my left victoria. they had taken possession of a trading post there. there were one, dozens were on the right. they met at this cross road so much just in those 6 days, no. 6200 bombs fell on the city near the default. everyone wanted control of the local diamonds. they were a means to fund the war. but of course, it was also plunder. most people p and declare safety, sol, zillow, what was the goal was to secure access to congo is mineral resources. we put without any formalities which will be the one that you the number to present. d, rolanda is proof of this. i mean, it is now one of the world's leading exporters of we're minerals such as coal times as long as you cobalt and you'll be and then the competitive got there. and then by systematically plundering congress resources has been watching that as well. it's

just too much, i think left next to my country is being systematically eluded. and the people who claim to be our leaders are joining in. they allow the looting in order to get in our wealth and the fame be defended. medial, don't defy me though. at the expense of millions of innocent men, women and children living in abject misery. the prophets from the minerals ends up in the shady, bank accounts of predatory oligarchy. or the gosh, anyone who has nor is what is happening, is complicit. it isn't only the perpetrators of violence who are responsible for their crime disorders, but also those who deliberately look the other way to make the

see the youth less the war has been going on for so long because armed gangs of rebels and the military or robbing congo of its natural resources piece booked, and i've always compared the democratic republic of congo to a jewelry store with no doors, windows or guards. everyone goes in and helps themselves on the wish. instead of that, the mineral resources could be providing us with a path to peaceful development. yet these natural resources are the cause of our misfortune and misery today. so we're one of the poorest countries in the world. it's in comprehensive goals. so the

crystal can do that, i spoke with the sound would be better to be done like older technology. this computer is being denied and all its components here with the state of war. and basically it's about financial gain, murder and mutilation. don't matter what you see on it, and when he left you on google as an example, really boss, cool. when i'm pronounced like what is the lights of the congo? use person worth? who have a high cuz you get the impression that people in europe are prepared to do anything to get access to colton and gold fall. sometimes this happens unconsciously just because a lot of people are unaware going to, but often it's deliberate and cynical. just look at how the european parliament felt familiar and then there's just restaurants who are leaving the height is true . nobody's a law that requires companies to check their supply chains. when procuring minerals was only adopted by a majority of 3 of a total of $750.00 volts won't work. so half of the members of the european

parliament think you can kill in order to access resources, to close the desk to 12 o'clock. so what's, what's on patricia on january the 16th, 2001 a new drama unfolding contrast to president of the hall and as, as a copy that was shot in the head by his body. god, who himself was then immediately killed. the reason for the killing has never come to light hastily convince crisis committee decided to appoint could be the son joseph could be there as the new company's president, no election was held. joseph could be the, was still in his twenty's and had little political experience. 10 days later, he was born in

the big democratic j u b. the show he became leader of a war tone. country when occupying armies and militia, when on split dominance, the massacres continued. in case i'm gonna inhabitants in several districts, rose up against the roland and occupies and the allies in retaliation. congolese soldiers and police loyal to the government were arrested and tied up before having death throat slit. the bodies were thrown from this bridge into the rapids of the chapel. days later, the terrified population would see them floating on the river surface. we must have had people to pull all that to get a zip out a little house window of that sort investigated degree. the master curse at the chocolate bridge were led by law home, the queen the plot. he led the 7th brigade which controlled kissing gunny. he was

a military commander on the ground hold that most has seemed a want. this desk was moved into the community on global history. i felt a n o thing that move to goal cause they mainly targets a young man don't suit young people in general. what do you think? and they felt wildly it did, i had made it model. unfortunately most women and children also lost their lives as a result of these reprisals. it is true that general m e c tangle for was there even come under bmw will bear. now was also there back. not a lot better than that. they offer ration was led by long. the queen that's open. i shall sooner. san diego bradshaw said the little hawk window. yeah. home. according to was an aki typo. going to want to come galleys. tootsie was a confidant of roland and president polk ami. during the genocide he took part in the recon quest of rwanda alongside the future president in 2006 back in congo with the roland and ami. he founded the rebel movement national congress for the defense of the people spreading tyra and motor in the keyboard region. so as i said,

look this up in this is our chapel button. yeah, this is our flag on our banner is anyone who accepts that jesus is the king of kings and the lord of lord is is our brother. i became pentecostal and that's originally i wasn't adventist, i just glued my teen them on the spot. the, the underground struggle does not prevent me from continuing this religious mission . the shepherd has a duty to protect the sheep. if the threat as arms it puts out in the shepherd, must protect the sheet from that armed threat level. does anybody? because the system and that's happening, this is our doctrine christian righteousness said let's just to seize mccook, the home, the condo had supported the highest levels, so they can use money on the lake, him or not. and we split the mistakes. he who below the more comfortable for he

has some political grievances that combo issued an arrest warrant for not going to the war crimes and crimes against humanity. he was late to arrested by roland and also it is. but he has never been trying for those crimes. it was particularly shameful that many of the people involved in human rights violations. there were taking a plane on showing up in europe and copy code for medical treatment or for the shopping. what a at the same time that most likely the population industry itself can so so bossy, go my book campbell, or connect by 2001. the democratic republic of congo had been at war for almost 5 years. massacres and delta killings, as well as widespread rates that left the country entails. the united nations announced a mission to protect the civilian population. up to 18000 blue helmets were

deployed to congo between 2002022. the largest and most expensive peacekeeping operation in history u. n. investigators. but also deployed. they began carrying out initial investigations. it tuesday. yeah. and that, that to so on. the last uh, i think the to either of you, all of that is it's of the, it will have to finally have it. there was an attack on a village to, with murders on the grapes and looting it for when we were able to speak to around 500 people who are living in camps for us. it was clearly a case of the mass killing of civilians. but we had not expected for the cases of cannibalism is on fire. we saw children with their arms and cut off a co pay and that the people with scars avec this it can we listen to stories and we're showing pictures of mountains of severed head. it's the one thing that fits of the sale of the hor was unimaginable the little that's it's in class and my

judge to go die. i am going in the one of the numerous rebel groups. movements for the liberation of the congo was accused of carrying out these massacres, edits, and was a wealthy businessman, john p as in bob. nephews, i believe, was feel free to see that you feels good. that that might be to him by now. and i'm gonna keep my cussing, that'd be no, a bundle you what the bundle i bought, i'm gonna book you today about my associates is sick. i'm sec a local authority. i mean, i see go, didn't get, you know, because i cool. you're going a little oil tubing, you may have the best on that google bubble. put that book on my low b or not. i still it's like, do you have to be like you don't want the

jump? yeah, been a dominant vega from the province of x a to was the, to a financial tennessee that has close ties to ex president mobutu them, but also had the support of you can't. and president you over a must 70 who sent him. weapons advises and supplies, but his troops then bows. rebel militia included elite to come on, those from the 4 megs. i hear you and ami la group to jump you of them. the other did twice. john pierre, ben, bozza, soldier. so you had 2 or 3 days to get their pay by looting and raping. that's because they didn't get anything from them by may. so on said the shock to me, they entered every house here, looted it and raped every woman they came across to the. so plus those old,

but then bob will not be held accountable homes. this is x said the judge of focusing, this is the one for this is a political decision of the person at the top would have to decide that the priority was to end impunity in congo nicole and to listen to the victims to because they let me know tony was been bom, nasa brought to justice, he's and benefited from one of the great reconciliations for which the congo is famous. in 2002, the peace agreement was signed between the warring punches with a blessing of the international community. the rebel leaders were integrated into the government jump you had been bomb, became one of con, goes for vice presidents fully as late to joseph cabella paraded in front of all the heads of state. he had just one. com goes presidential elections. the 1st since independence. so that people can

devote themselves entirely to their work and do so, and cease and serenity through coming compromise and maneuvering. gabriella now help the reins of power to do so for a long time to come. but he had paid a high price was off the boat. some of the more, you know, got better the font just looks like it depends on the . 6 want it to be loose policies was to integrate militiamen into the new companies on me. most was full me rebels, and many had committed atrocities. now they were enjoying amnesty. and on top of

that, the leaders were being appointed to the highest positions in the military. and made a culture of silence and impunity was but brought back into the fold without ever being cold. so account and pressure for peace in the congo when that's led to negotiations. where armed groups are in fact brought in to the categories military . but don't really change their, their colors. it's as we say in, in english. we feel that the fox into the, into the chicken coop and in fact make him an officer in charge of protecting chickens. and that simply doesn't work. in 2009 witness statements and reports were piling up, pointing to extensive atrocities in the democratic republic of the congo. as a result of the un security council commission to team to carry out a fact finding mission on the ground. $35.00 investigators was sent to congo, including 20 human rights sank spots. they were tasked with mapping the mass

killings that mandates only allowed them to investigate crimes committed between 19932003. the result was known as the mapping report. what's really important for me and the mapping report was this is a 1st effort of united nations to try to document and tell the story of the suffering of millions of congolese. and in doing so, to try to put an end to the endless cycles, violence and impunity, and violence and impunity that we've seen over though since the beginning of since the beginning of congo. and then that was the political trial. and just because there were many who didn't want this investigations to happen, because they feel legitimate, they are not that would, that study lies the, the region and, uh, you know, bring out the skeletons from the closet. um, when we deployed teams they were finding out more and more cases and a one point they had to stop investigating because we didn't have time. so i'm

actually convinced that unfortunately, our catalog of mexico is incomplete as part of publishing any report from the united nations, our practice. and our policy is to share a draft version of the report with any members they concerned by, by the report. so we followed our usual practice and shared the report 1st and foremost with the government of, of the d r. c. and we did the same thing with rolanda, that aware of several of cabins at protest age, particularly their london government. and that threatened to withdraw un peacekeeping troops if the report was published, they thought the report was based on, on allegations that were simply unfounded. and that it was politically motivated. and they asked that if not, that did not be published. and while the debate was ongoing, the report appeared even lamont, a french newspaper. it's, there isn't

a fleet. yes, it was the result of a leak. okay. probably someone who did was not entirely convinced that the report would be publish and it would be publishing its integrity and decided to link the reports the 15 to get somebody to pretty to deploy. the pro seo didn't use the 200. these i such a prominent political figure organized this week. at the same time, i contacted the high commissioner, 1st human rights, i'm older and especially her press department. they saw that this project was under way and asked me not to publish the report until the final version had been finalized and to the to me did talk to the assimilation on the ssl since we refused and decided to print the report in front of an additional loan to the

future. so i thought it was going on all the facts and everything that is presented and described in the mapping report. it speaks of systematic killings in refugee, countless killings of children and women. don't the disruption of these massacres in their system. attic repeated execution could lead to charges of genocide to is the only c a country. and that gives us some good. there's an estimate throughout the path to try to as this hector decision. according to the mapping report and the perpetrators of this genocide belong to the rwandan patriotic arming, this is one that is the regular rwandan army. so the responsibility lies at the highest level of the rwandan state. the homepage will succumb the in the wall to wall and say to you because of a quote conveying to trial. so crime is committed in congo. the court was symbolic

and had no power. the hope was to raise awareness. the word on the bottom of the b. let's see. so the bosh. this is the mapping report. so with its almost 600 pages, the report which i am holding in my hands. documents more than 600 mass occurs, committed by all parties involved in the conflicts in the democratic republic of congo. the fees areas are littered with mass, great thoughts, cool, new number you for the vector. so to be one day, this course should be able to investigate the question of accountability. so this is an indictment to sit down next to the doctor's office. you'll give me the word, treat, and justice, which are written above this court room also applied to these massacres. i needed to solve paul v. d. me the more than 1230 victims and witnesses

of these massacres were interviewed by investigators seeing the key lays. the mapping report describes the violence that was committed. i said they both make the boss. they're doing a l. l culture lot. the database also contains a list of the alleged perpetrator is of these massacres, rapes and looting. saves your the to save. y'all should communicate by the victim. populate the more, so least this blacklist is still locked away in a drawer or in a vault. i'll say that the united nations high commission in geneva for, for you cool me. sorry. yeah. then us you all's, you need as your nave. patrick mall. you're virtually no courted, national or international, can access it with the fuel knowledge, no fools, or what we saw c o v o, you have

a problem as i speak to you here in a couple and a report is gathering dustin desk drawers. so some kids know this investigation explicitly names the victim locations and dates. did you did that indeed about the perpetrators are cleverly omitted. just told me what needs to happen for them to be named a hey neil it's lars. let us have the courage to name the perpetrators of crimes against humanity so that they do not continue to torment this martyr region. said joe, marching in washington, the us senate foreign relations committee convened for an extraordinary session. it was dedicated to the congress tragedy. impunity that its perpetrators continue to enjoy. in 2017, the us congress took up the stem. several companies big as close to president company that was sanctioned as

a human rights abuses. that bank accounts were frozen, and the visas revoked. the european union did the same. that was about congo itself . the 2 chairs prep us a take a few, a dozen trials have been held for what's probably tens of thousands of violations in a serious crime. so i think that it's just a drop in the ocean with do. one of these rad trials was against shitty york younger. he was a key rebel leader. and it spread tara in the mining province of katana. in 2006, he was detained by un peacekeepers in 2009. the congolese quote, accused him of crimes against humanity, torture, even cannibalism. he was sentenced to death. should the own was one of the leaders of melisha in the region of concerned,

but he was not placed in jail. he was placed in the f r a, b, c. the committee's armies mess we at the human rights division. put all the possible pressure pressure for him to be transferred to an actual prison because it was clear that he was going to to escape. and unfortunately, the company's authorities never concept to him. he then went back to the bush and continued completing those crimes that he had committed before. then, to everyone's surprise, young who appeared in broad daylight and opened bashi in 2016 and turned himself in . he was wearing a top with a picture of president cabella on it. he was welcomed by the provincial authorities and the governor guaranteed his protection. instead of going to prison, younger was placed under house arrest in an off market district of loop and bashi. more than ever be aligned himself with

a dominance political power became crimes and the d. r. c. are inexplicable and unacceptable. love human life is no longer sacred their sleep. i'm going to be with the country that you know or have visited, or people buried alive while the international community remains this island and also not list it like it. for more than 20 years, the un peacekeeping mission motors go, has been tasked with the military rising to groups and putting an end to the violence did require substantial logistics. and in 2023, it's annual budget. was $1000000000.00. the mission has become like

a state within a state, but what has it achieved? mischief to show commercial is supposed to look in all of this. the main question i ask myself is, if you try something for 20 years and you don't get any results from, isn't it time to change something? you have to change the system to do you have to change the method is of quite you. so that's the central question for me to show the system, show that as to below conger, how long will this emission continue for local? i'm going to go now. how long will the donor countries keep providing troops and money? initiate the addition of small boca to the in congo. mono sco is increasingly criticized for its passivity and impotence in places like when you a key. a small village surrounded by forest. people here at the mercy of

a militia of roland and hutus form, a path of traitors, of the genocide who have survived the complex that followed. at night they invade the village in order to kill my friend as printed by keith. it was a monday around 5 am. monday hutus broke down the door and came into the house every month they demanded dollars. i said i had no idea of what a dollar looks like you. i don't want. i don't want. i think that was too good actually took my daughter and her child and also my son and his wife. okay. and walk down the street with them. you'll think well yeah, what was that sort of i then i shot them whatever. medical funk, not like you have identified a political one by the name because one of them came with a machete to where i was lying at. if you could leave me a single blow with it. i didn't even try to pick up my mother. so with that because

um i looked at me and saw that my hand was hang on by a scrap of skin. i imagine i know that everything that i said where i was one of the 9 don't. one of them was you don't just have a voice people in the day and i just looked at me and hit me twice in the face with i'm a chevy. i didn't say anything that i didn't even cry and i'm of that to school that i'm is going to the home only school or the cool a new school camp was only about 800 meters away from where the massacre took place . and the hop on the foot and my they were there, but they did nothing but equal apple men, women and children died when only or equal for one of them already performed on what to do. and we thought we had the best protection because we lived right by them a new skill base. nice. but in fact the opposite was true when the me, i will sell them. like you, me help up my mind that you think what the float a miss um, so did you say the men were dismembered?

it was due to their throats were caught in the presence of the un and nobody reacted. you just don't that they were not even buried on they were not thrown into mass graves up to 17 or 20000 blue helmets in the democratic republic of congo. could eliminate the armed groups. in 30 minutes, we will see what their mission was to observe. so let me sort of 17, the interface of all these impunity congolese and get his boiled over. in contrast, people have taken to the streets to attack, mountainous goes bass, protesting against a peacekeeping mission that does not seem to deserve the name. the most recent demonstrations have shown that the un mission and congo is no longer

wanted. a lot of people say all it does is coldly count the victims. in fact, the real reason for the un mission is to prevent anyone from counting the dead and injured. we are allowing total impunity from generation to generation to lip an entire nation is being sacrificed. but the pendulum could also swing the other way . we are sitting on a powder case. in august 2016 violence broke out and cosign a prophy instead, had previously been spanned, yet 2 loans were set against each other. on the one hand, the power money and military strength of contrast set on the other. the traditions of the villages with many still remember the time when the chief, what kings on such chief was come we, nothing's apple. he wanted to return to the old traditions and rejected the old thoughts, the at the concrete stage on sap whose ideas would match with and to use the as

a bond. on august, the 12th 2016, he was killed by the congress. these army is dest triggered the rebellion, that spread from village to village throughout the province. it was a movement in which magic and the account played a role whose while as she and the show on threats, young people between the age of $6.18 could be seen everywhere, with red ribbons around their foreheads or on their arms. will dora dupel to eat? they had not eaten small wooden sticks of y 8. so these young people attacked the heavily armed soldiers, a c panel. more information on the media data to this is also when the soldiers fired the children advanced. it was frightening. they seemed to have no fear of the armed soldiers saw what they

trusted, the ritual they had performed. that'd be fussy and delete the bullets could not harm them. and to shepherd, battle it back before said, well, cook compatibility, a vertical total. we did, these people mainly uses fixed and they were billing, and again state power the they thought the sticks could shoot bullets, but they also had some traditional guns. but it was often women and children who attached the security forces to these on the phone. the kimberly connelly's army harshly put the rebellion down rejected. i'll make religious a, it's a presumptive was or or not the i the,

the the both of those you by the limit of all the fever because you've got, because you need, well, the 1st president could be, you know, trying to deny the mass because his information minister went so far as to claim that the videos that the atrocities were manipulated but the image is sparked outrage. deals are, it is change that tactics a monthly fee of each team. uh that that good deal. just my country is the victim of terrorist attacks by certain, some armed groups, particularly in the province of cosign, into their aim, is to destroy the peace we have achieved. not pace to show man to undermine

development efforts. the development here. but according to a lot of reports, the military invaded houses and killed people always under the pretense that they were terrified. so it was actually the civilian population that progressive. their oppression was in full swing. the central government mobilized police from other provinces and sent them to cosign. heavily armed troops roamed the country, terrorizing the population because they tried to put down the rebellion. cosign became the victim of a seemingly unstoppable spiral of violence. the situation of the catseye regions is also deeply preoccupied with severe abuses against civilians by on groups and multiple human rights violations committed by congress. these defense and security forces. we were very disturbed about the

increasing numbers of reports of mass graves sites in the cast size when the fighting was really beginning to to increase. we weren't able to locate over the period of one year, 89 mass graves, that the relation of lot is probably between 5 and 10000 civilians being king by the armed forces under the destruction. to do that, the displacement of 1500000 people, many of whom fled to angola during an operation. some police officers were ambushed, they were dissolved and taken hostage. can we not? and is that those militia finds is proudly present at the captives. this time it was the rebels who filmed the scene with the cell phones

the the the, the salty off the woods, the policeman would be headed with the exception of 3 who belonged to the same ethnic group as the rebels. here let's try cities were committed on both sides on during the investigation. we came across the same atrocities as in key room. you to re, as in rwanda, during the genocide from our 50 level. so when it comes to violence, the central compliments clearly has the greater capability. contrast to sent

a special unit to canada and the capital of the province of cosign central, visa, houghton soldiers. familiar with the task they had been given for when i get people yeah. a

lot yeah. those were too terrible nights. no one knew. they went from house to house. somebody is all to you to have a 1000000 soldiers. they went from house to house and killed everyone. they found 2 old people say good pregnant women, the children almost, those were 2. and i've been noticing nights do in which they killed 417 people. that's why i say it was a blood bad that that's the only word for it. and it was terror sensitive. gotten this super simple, but he was, i won't let the, the, the brutal violence and congo seems never ending. the mass that goes to devastate to the country in key to cosign it. tory echoed to a good time to it's impossible to list them all. this is the such

a do you have come to a country where violence is met with silence the about the victims of trying to break that sign of in guns. some of them are giving testimony with the health of a group of lawyers. they get military officers to listen to them and recall that complains with blue to money that the soldiers kill other people besides your son spoken with somebody between well what was going to do to yes, many in our village, the library, the people there where they died so but you buried them of them,

they have the soldiers, you gain being what should the state do with those who killed and raped in any relation whatever that you have seen a while, maybe i remember them. i thought it should kill them too, but because they abused us to find jimmy, jim, my bill this into your name here and sign the young were others killed here in guns. so we're just your son due to the killed a lot of people at that time. no one could go out to identify or bury the bodies of their children with the land. they looked for boys in the houses to kill them, but to go back to the oven, my very best. the visa ending in was in one as i've been going was going to be said, there should be no more boys in guns to my beloved

to my beloved son. know crying here where we listen. so you should have stayed at home if you want to cry. and tell them what happened to you. stop crying to my son. story makes me cry. this man here needs your explanation so the state can do its job. quite should be brief. don't cry. as good would you bond to buy the bond victim? indeed, a gun. you'd have to open the body to mind. detective. let's do a bunch of, of both above the one on

the on the use the, you know, the to be the, to the bounty. but, but the super bowl about bush me bus. you live by my boss about wanting stop was over. so what did you do? 61 job about the pick up. been the some problem, obama and the adult. but what the by no got be said of the saw. well, i'm a golf found jania. if you don't, i'll put it in the bus. you can go eat it seems to me you will cause there is

a link between the crimes committed in cosign and those committed elsewhere in congo. shake the crimes were committed by the same soldiers who sort of i was able to identify some of the units. all they are the same ones that committed crimes in 2013, for example, at that time the military justice system even demanded the rest of the soldiers as i've never succeeded, implemented one name that came up in connection with cosign and it was that of general rule how humble, hey, then head of the military region. he was also identified as appropriate traitor, committed crimes himself, keybo, keep putting something at a crew or even better, a responsible. so notice in congo he executed soldiers, women, and children. despite old domestic is listed in the mapping report, he was promoted to general and the communities all me. he still holds this position today. he's living proof that the army itself inflict tyra on the people

the perpetrators of what's going on and site today. i think very few of them fear justice may have confidence in the culture the culture of impunity and that they can use the cruelest of methods the most vicious of attacks against civilians and get away with it. the just bed can do this a little bit. i hope one day these pastors will be convicted. so if i'm ready to testify before the international criminal court of it, what type of experience do so that these people are arrested and convicted? i think there's also, i think the issue shows you don't care, but it wasn't something that visual for the appraisal is associated with these people alone and present. it will never be enough. prisons, in congo for these people above the best thing would be to build

a big wall around the parliament, the president's residence and the administrator to set up as a doctor that are going to get in that way. they be along the top in there for life and the products in january 2019 joseph cabella was forced to relinquish power, a domestic and international pressure following a controversial election. felix to so katie to coffee says president, that has to be there really stepped off the political stage and does the new leader have the will and the means to break the longstanding cycle of silence and impunity? the among the populations things are changing. in 2020 people everywhere were raising their voices to mock the 10th anniversary of the release of the mapping report. despite the fact that the u. n. report continued to gather dust,

survivors have come goes walls and mass. it goes as well as lawyers have been heating, dumped him up. lake is cool, and mounting side by side in peaceful, courageous demonstrations. according to the establishment of an international tribunal for these crimes which are excluded from the statutes of limitations. that way the victims can receive justice and the perpetrators can finally be held to account for those inside of the jose i dream of standing in a court room where competent lawyers make their case go for independent and impartial judges antigua their boss. you just kind of phone my dream that at the end of this project for the to select, the truth will come to light about the war crimes and even genocide and my country will be the king of crimes. that must shake the conscience of humanity. everybody

has awful, i dreamed that people of the great lakes region will forgive and reconcile thought of doing in order to plant a tree of peace in the heart of africa the,

these women and men that i've met in the democratic republic of the congo only make up a fraction of the victims of the horror of this country has seen so many lives have been taken so many voices silenced so many names they raised from memory. what kind of film do in the face of such a catastrophe? it can bear witness and preserve testimony so that the accomplice victim is that the cone gleese was do not disappear for a 2nd time the,

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tomorrow today in fuzzy minutes on d, w. b goes on task. so all that researchers are reintroducing celebration small successes against the destruction of ne rivers. this is just the beginning, the 15 and 16 minutes on d. w. b or own health advocacy. by turning into your own ex this week without any fiction, with no surprise. be active, the way in good shape

in 19 minutes on dw, the a, vis the shadows of german colors. these pod costs and video shed light on the donkey street. devastating colonial har is infected by germany across and he employed the schools to post tactic farms and destroy lights. what is the legacy of this wide spread races, depression? today, the screen. we need to talk about here, the stories, shadows of german colonialism. this morning at 1020, i went to a sick man's band 54 years old. he did everything he could to make me understand that i had to help him live

because he has 2 children. he asked me to go called in by searching his phone contact to tell him, hey, he wanted to say hello. instead i had to tell claudia and frank, i was gone 5 years off the coast and we remember window road stood still stops march 8th on dw, the business dw news live from brooklyn. the top diplomats of the us and russia agreed to talk on ending the war in ukraine's us secretary of state, marco rubio will head a us delegation to meet russian envoys in saudi arabia. european countries will not be present. also coming up the latest hostages released by how much begin we're