see living shannon dw postcard, how to make greener choices in your everyday lives. but honestly, try to do the working 32 hours a week to be better for the environment than 40. but of course we shouldn't be no need be the living scientists just had subscribe, whatever you listen to had cost you can dress them often and told them to dont these days good very about. so we're almost like programmable goals. they're not how it find muscles. but by moses, so that would fit locking in and not truly tennessee. it's up to ability and flexibility of living beings. not just so you can change that to move around this edition of dw science. welcome to tomorrow a. today our muscles are

incredible. they react fast, is energy efficiently and let us perform complex movements. that's why they've been inspired, robotic engineering for decades. the robots getting ever more agile and stable and even without artificial muscles. but that could soon change. the small robotic leg is the 1st to use electro hydraulic actuators. essentially a type of artificial muscle that look like kind of look like a frog. so guys like funny. you see, i mean, so let's finish novelty of those me. it looks a bit like apply to my of so i'm here on this upper class. there are 2 eyes. and these are actuator pos looked like the bill. and this is additional that the hopping robot like might look a bit strange, but it's been a vacation lies and it's actuators. artificial muscles developed at the max planck institute for intelligent systems in germany. the artificial muscles are highly

efficient and use very little energy. the leg is also remarkably agile, easily adapting to different terrain. and artificial muscles are still fencing, meaning the light can detect obstacles and react automatically without complex programming. it's almost like a reflect, a kind of muscle memory. but how does that actually work? what about the ground? it's like with a small stone, big stone and grasses. so the muscle ultimately got adjust the motion and then generate adoptable res. i'm making the commotion size the advice about. in other words, it doesn't know what kind of surface it finds on. done, but because it's often adaptable and respond directly to the ground beneath it without any complex controlling technology. when a, it's a complex it, it almost takes me to bring it to the robot like works much like our when we jumped on land, we don't consciously decide how much the vendor needs are musculoskeletal system

just automatically to the train with its electro hydraulic muscles. the new robot like follows the same principle, has an extra and then we have upright high borders to an extra black box. and then for example, this is the image x, so we have 4 inside. and this rough fox is that extra work. and when we apply borders, index it will start to keep ends in making construction. it's a lot like how real must work. an oil mixture contracts on command and response to an electrical impulse. the higher the voltage, the stronger the contraction. it's a new approach, but the technology is reminiscent of the hydraulic actuators that powered in earlier generation of robots. windows robots became steadier on their feet. hydraulic actuators began to catch on, but the systems consumed a lot of electricity. and when the hydraulic causes 1st, they created

a huge mass. that's why many developers switched to using electric motors and robust joints. that might seem modern, but electric drive systems have been around for over 70 years. the new artificial muscles might one day offer another option for powering robots that could have many benefits. they can change the formation and also energy efficiency. when the extra dies hoarding space for just making force, actually they don't have consume any power. so this is the biggest difference from that. no more like i was a b, d, c motors or something as an expert in fedex or am i gonna existence. this thermal image illustrates the different traditional electric motors heat up when holding a joint in a bit position. the artificial much will stay cool, eliminating the need for extra cooling and saving energy. but the technology isn't perfect yet. sometimes when the artificial muscles go live,

the scientists have to give them a little massage to get them working again. and once it gets done so sufficient, sometimes you forget that it's actually robot. and the so massage helps release electrostatic charges that can interfere with operation in a way, it's like the artificial muscles gets difference or looks like ours is followed. baseball charge builds up inside the muscle which can make it lots effect. this is a good thing when we massage it from top to bottom, it ideally we gave us full functionality to give you the positive, hoping to extend the item phase. got sort of the technology is still in its infancy . so if you had got to go with the territory, that one day artificial muscles might be capable of powering robots with 2 or 4 legs. robot hands could also benefit gaining greater dexterity. right now, this conventional robot needs a complex system of sensors to pick up and move

a raw egg with artificial muscles. that task could be much simpler. when does that so far? good, that's one. so you might be able to grab like dealing dreamily fragile objects more easily life and can do that and then interact with them more naturally than a traditional robot or one made from rigid material to envision clusters. houghton partition part time thanks to artificial intelligence and machine learning. robotics is making a huge strides, mastering increasingly complex task. but so far as these advances, it's mostly been in software. it's been a long time since we've seen real innovation and drives to the new robot leg, powered by artificial muscles, could help change that by modeling itself back to the muscles and tendons that make humans. so child the now we're ready for lift off. when it comes to muscles that gets to real workouts and the trending useful to swing foiling. how the wing folds actually,

what the wings attached to the bottom of the board. the shape of the front wing is what the board the top of the wing is cub says what somebody's foster above. so when somebody says that means the pressure on the forward is lola which creates list and that's comes back to the board, making ready for this stuff. and one of switzerland's many legs, students are developing a special hydro foil boat designed to run on renewable energy. the goal is to design a boat capable of crossing lake geneva. so that's the opposite is the one that we're tracking the propellers there, powered by a motor up here, connected through an angular gearbox. super it works.

the boat is equipped with 3 carbon fiber of hydro foils of different sizes, the key to its performance, fitness m. oh, is this miss lesson belford? there the heart of the boat come into the hydro foils, make it possible for the boat to lift out of the water and cutting drag by 50 percent. that makes the boat much more efficient because it's additional. but not every thing in this project is high tech. sometimes a simple solution like tape does the job. here the tape is used to smooth out turbulence, further reducing drugs from the type, it's not just using carbon fiber and high tech materials, so we'll use whatever is most effective and efficient. we're not building a cruise yet. we're designing a boat that's as efficient as possible so they don't want to. it's after 2 years of development, it's time for the real test crossing lake geneva,

this hydro for will run entirely on solar and hydrogen fuel component of alpha delta. this is the 1st step towards the future of passenger about his order. now we want to show that innovation and as possible for the missing simplicity. it is that he's nearly 70 students from different fields are contributing to the project. alternate elizabeth could sell them because they were a little nervous because we put so much work into this. now we hope that will pay off it to somebody that the the students are working towards a more sustainable future. 5 building on an idea from the past. the concept of using underwater wings to lift the boats is over a 100 years old. this photo shows that hydro 4 boats were already induced back down on lake majority. this could be the earliest film footage of a hydro foil, a boat designed by alexander graham bell,

one of the inventors of the telephone. but it took decades for the idea of the flying boat to gain traction in 1952, switzerland became a key player in the hydra foil. the, the swiss company supermarket developed some of the 1st commercial hydro foil ferries. the news that they're cutting edge design and spread around the world often see about you get those here on lake blue sir, and the boat has just gone into service. it looks like a modern ferry, but it's actually the fastest passenger boat in the world. could reach us speeds of 40 kilometers per hour, rising above the water on hydro foils cdl don't reach the end of tax. the idea took off super more dominated the hydro photo market leading the industry for nearly 25 years. their vessels grew larger, more powerful, and more advanced by the mid sixty's. hydro photos had even made it to the silver

screen. and thunderbolt sean connery's james bond declined the board, a luxury hydra foil yacht owned by the films villain. but hydra foils are prone to damage and costly to me came in many places. they were replaced by bridges or short hall flights. overtime they fell out of favor today, ship builders are using lightweight, durable materials like cap laura and carbon fiber, making 100 foil stronger and more efficient than ever. these innovations have given the technology a new lease on life. now the students are about to put their design to the test, their route, the 14 kilometer journey from those on switzerland's to 80. on france, the solar powered hydra foil is wheeled to the harbor. the goal is clear to cross the lake using the hydra foils. they design themselves with minimal emissions.

unhealthy. now they were very excited, but i'm sure it will go well, we're confident and well prepared. invitational. obama shay joins the students at the lake, a professor at the swiss institute of technology. he coordinates the project. the focus is on sustainability from the votes, energy source to the materials used in its construction, on the se, the boxes we want to be part of the green revolution. so we're training students from different fields to make sustainability a priority. and i don't want you to route the ones that have it on the boat gets one final check, then the pilot pushes the throttle. it's time to head out the, the $250.00 kito craft lifts out of the water, heating just 15 kilometers per hour to take off. they've cleared the 1st challenge,

but will they make it across the lakes? the students from those on aren't the only ones pushing the limits of this technology from stock, or to san francisco, new zealand to ireland, shipbuilders and start up some world wide, are developing and testing hydro for ferries that can carry up to 130 passengers. the key innovation is combining electric of hydrogen powered propulsion. the goal to glide across the water emission free designers believe hydro files will enable higher speeds while reducing wave intact and noise pollution. the to all self. i'd love to actually get them all say come, it's all, it's amazing to see how this one's nice. technology driven by innovation has grown

into a movement who's getting in stream. uh so see what i want this all the way. every way you look, boats are lifting off and gliding above the water in the most. it's pretty wild folks us who is such a fool for that amount. but don't expect to see hydro foils on cruise ships like this one which carries nearly 8000 passengers or on large cargo vessels. therefore, wheels would need to be so massive that they create too much drag, and hydro foils aren't well suited for open ocean conditions. mission accomplished hydro foil boat is heading back to port the the students and their professor are proud and relieved over. do you mean you we really flew calm waters. the sunsets sailing straight

ahead. incredible. easy to the only issue was the hydrogen, but overall it was amazing. i don't see that to the tape held, and the hydra foil boat was boats faster and more energy efficient. hydro foils could play a major role in the future of sustainable water transport when it comes to sustainable shipping, the large container ships that chris across the oceans aren't particularly climate friendly. they haven't huge amounts of pollutants on it, so you get to us in 202409000 called great vessels sale the world's oceans. and the collision cost with marine animals, including whales, in the waters of the coast of purcell. the water is choppy today,

but the humpback whales and bothered majestically. it rises to the surface for air, then dives back down. the scientists are thrilled to jago for robbery has spotted to humpbacks, probably a mother with our calf. the marine biologists had out almost every day to observe the whales. these gentle giants come to the warm, shallow waters off the coast of victoria and southeastern brazil to raise their young april seemingly. it's soon amazing to see these creatures up close. they can way up to 30 tons and reach 16 meters in length. that's the best of you is from the air. some of the whales are shy and keep their distance from the boat as it rocks on the waves. as well as my eyes, like cheek has bought the, the older whales might have seen members of their pod hunted, which could have left them traumatized. a couple of the if i some get up there watching g a, we have to remember their highly intelligent animals seriously. didn't want me to

finish a commercial. we're laying off brazil's coast was banned in the mid 19 eighties. since then, the well population here has grown from just 800 to nearly 30000. this area has become something of a well nursery. this mother wireless gently lifting her newborn calf to the surface for a brass, but the whales aren't completely safe here, some suffocate in plastic waste, while others get caught in fishing, nets, and drown. the biggest threat, however, comes from the massive ships entering and leaving victoria as harbor credit for what makes them so dangerous as a bucket. so what example couple dropping that ship just left victoria's harbor and is heading out to transport goods around the world. she must st. and right up there . well mother is swimming with our calf view. if that ship isn't careful, it could collide with them, possibly killing them,

as well as i'm off. the ships are also very noisy, disrupting the whales, communication biologist, rudo russian that uses an underwater microphone to record their songs. he has been a is unless they well sing, especially the males. and they use songs to attract amazing hunter. communicate with other whales for many cost. so wheels help maintain the ocean's ecological balance and even regulate the global climate. somebody is going to have somebody zip up there, which wells are the gardeners of the ocean system, there excrement, fertilizers, the water. and because they're so large and heavy, their movements helped mix the ocean's layers. is that this process shuttles, nutrients into areas that would otherwise have very little to no organic matter. gentlemen, to think about the long run. there's nutrients, sustain plaintiff, tiny micro organisms that store vast amounts of c, o. 2,

when wales feed on plankton, they also help regulate carbon levels in the ocean. this marine bio diversity is essential and wells play a crucial role in keeping it in balance. as while the whales have been here for millions of years and won't finish overnight, but this is also about us about human survival usage. so what happens in these waters has a direct impact on our own future, the by 2030, the un names to have 30 percent of the world's oceans designated as marine protection areas. right now it's certainly 8.2 percent. those conservation areas to protect. all right, sions and help with kind of shy reyes. why officious gas? i'm just as important me. those sons, those so allow for interaction and exchange categories. you is preparing for a dive, a marine scientist at the ocean, a logical observatory,

and bind use in man. in southern france, she studies marine connectivity. the way ecosystems in the ocean are linked for focus is on core guardians, a type of foss. coral was also spelled, the more glass you today. we're conducting a population survey of gardonia and substitute goals that they like to study connectivity. we 1st need to know how many reproductive individuals are in the population of, of those include credentials. because you will also collect samples for genetic analysis back in the lab. today she's joined by a doctoral student and a professional diver. earlier this morning. the team wasn't sure if the dive would happen. the weather has been unpredictable. but after assessing the conditions of the captain and the divers agreed, the risk was manageable. so nobody uh we're headed to kathy and the when is the when do you think kate,

this is frank stuff that creates unusual credit and the water will make it to the actual environment. yes, we'd love to. could you the bane nearby in your is a natural marine reserves. some areas are under very strict protection and are completely off limits to nearly all human activity. but even here varying populations can die off due to storms, heat waves, or disease. the problem that we need to do to try that heavy, so that's the case, the spread of larger, like it's the only way a depleted population can recover. hopefully that still can go if one area is affected. larvae from a healthy population of square can, doesn't help replenish it, was that 4 digit code for the day protected area alone can prevent natural disturbances. it gets so good if it's part of the connected network of research. it becomes more resilient usually is that way. the long term benefits, so it's a really reserves opposite of this. what that you need to adult and the boat has

reached its destination. the the researchers are studying cor, gordion along the coast. the soft corals drive on rocky events. today they're focusing on a species of white. gorgonio guardians, are natural ecosystem engineers, forming small coral for us that provide shelter for many other marines, bc, that's like or go in and serve as an indicator of biodiversity. the team carefully counts how many individual coils live within a square meter and records their size for goods un gorgonio or the ideal species to study marine connectivity. if anybody sco guardians attached themselves to rocks and stay there for layers. fidget, said, the only time there's any exchange between populations is during reproductive

federal government, serial numbers which cure for going in eggs visible here as tiny violet dots on the branch of a reg. gorgonio are fertilized by sperm carried by ocean currents. as the larvae develop, they detached from the mother coral and drift away. this free phase when the larvae spread through the water, is now being replicated in a computer simulation designed by the researchers. now the do go good. those are starting at auction is that gardonia and large, they behave like passive particles, which are carried by the currently to be cool. if you're going to see fit or we can map out the past. so larva will take, see if it were released this specific location within time i supported that i say to them, a lot of the simulation is based on ocean current models, similar to those used in weather forecasting. and this, or in the next steps, the researchers simulate the release of 2 different populations represented by red

and blue dots at separate locations along frances mediterranean coast. yeah, well no, that's only put us through. we'd love to cure. eventually we reach the point where the blue and red population start to little circle. this is how we measure connectivity between population and you see fit as a connectivity means that individuals from one population are transferring to in the cooper protest. but do these models accurately reflect what happens in reality to find out the researchers collect samples just as they did during their dive that morning. back in the lab, the samples undergo genetic analysis. the see to do is on 100 when the genetic fingerprint, the 2 populations are very similar, booked with us. it means patient makes the lot so soft to them real quick. but if their fingerprints are very different digital feet and their connection is minimal because visual poor because so to clinics to this research, i'm maureen connectivity is especially important right now because of new

initiatives to establish more marine protected areas in the mediterranean. is underway right now just 0.04 percent of the mediterranean is designated as a 0. you sound like the one in button you put under your bio diversity strategy. that number is set to rise to 10 percent by 2030. don't sure will agree. so the challenge is designing these new protected areas, so they're truly connected to fail. cuz right now we're working with what's basically a blank mass o c. but i can't, we don't know how far apart enough to protect its own should be worth it to allow us to be seen, to move between them. so if you beneath the ocean there are invisible high weight of boots, that fish tremble every day. but until recently we didn't even know they existed. it's sort of to adult to report somebody, they'll come to diesel. we know some and bucket is exist. so by mapping these under water highway researchers and to create a connected network of resilient protected areas where marine life can fried

the thought. so for now, thanks for joining us. i'm sorry to see you again next time onto laurie today by the the, the,

beaver's time. so all that research is reintroducing celebration small successes against the destruction of lake rivers. this is just the beginning, the coming up on d, w. b,

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our timeline because we can take the different w call, the world, unpack all your info is and all the input your w story. now on to the, this is the w news, and these are our top stories. us officials say a team including secretary of state, marco rubio, will meet russian envoys to discuss ending the war and ukraine as the talk, sorry to take place in saudi arabia. ruby is currently visiting the middle east. america's european partners will not be present how donald trump's ukraine on boy has said been vladimir putin that could be forced into making territorial concession.