should be where it should be in nato and nothing else came up with regard to it. and i note that there was a ukrainian unit among them organized by ukrainian nationalists but uh, there were captured ukrainians because there were two divisions being equipped which were being equipped in the kyiv district, the 12th and 14th divisions well, i won't retell the story, but in warsaw the other day, representatives of the peoples who were enslaved by russia, the tatars, the vazkhyrs, and so on, we have a belarusian unit and a regiment, even a regiment. we already have russians. well, we have to to use more than 1,700 ukrainian soldiers left azovstal, they are registered by the red cross of the world, a shortage of bread and other food products threatens

on bbc news ukraine, we talk about the main events of our day from london, more than 1,700 ukrainian soldiers left azovstal, russia is called a prisoner of the world, a global shortage of grain and other food threatens of products it was because of russia's war against ukraine and the russians retreated, but the shelling did not stop . its growth began almost 4 days ago,

at least 1,730 fighters, including about 80 wounded , came out of the bunkers of the plant, the russian side calls this number. in the kremlin, they call it the handing over of prisoners and capitulation in ukraine. the russians are taking them to the temporarily occupied territories in donbas, they even name a specific location, the former correctional colony in the village of olenivka, the international committee of the red cross is registering ukrainian fighters, but there is no access to that ex-penal colony , international negotiators of the highest level are involved in the liberation of the mariupol garrison, but neither ukraine nor russia have yet

revealed any details. what will happen to them next, we heard debates in the russian duma about the fact that some of them, namely the soldiers of the azov regiment, should not be treated as prisoners of war, but as pre-war criminals. these are people whose russian the state considers the nazis what the ukrainians deny and why the majority of the world does not believe, but it seems that not all of them will potentially be treated in accordance with the provisions of the geneva conventions, this will present a difficult choice for all those who remained behind, we do not actually have a confirmed number of people, but it was said that the leaders of azov are still in azovstal, but what will happen to them is not yet clear, whether they will be exchanged or some of them will be tried in russia, this is really a very important question, the answer to which we will find out in in the coming days, weeks or even months, in a few

minutes we will return, we will try to contact an expert in international humanitarian law, who will explain to us what the actual status of ukrainian fighters from azov steel is from the point of view of law, and for now we will talk about the events on the fronts in ukraine , the armed forces of ukraine 23 settlements in the kharkiv region have already been liberated, although there is still a long way to peaceful life there, hostilities continue in the area of ​​the raisin town, which the russian army considers a gateway to donetsk region, the general staff of the ukrainian army reports about further russian shelling on the border of sumy and chernihiv regions, they explain it as attempts to divert ukrainian forces from other directions, as of may 19, the main fighting is unfolding along the entire front line in donbas due to the shelling of severodonetsk on thursday , 12 people were killed and more than 40 wounded. this was reported by the regional administration in germany,

ukrainian kharkiv also can't sleep. it's calm in some areas of the city, people still hear explosions. my colleague olga melchevska is in touch with us. she is in kharkiv olya. i congratulate you. so, what is the situation in the city now, congratulations. this morning, you know, we all woke up at about four o'clock and from the fact that and oh, i'm sorry, right now we can hear the sounds of an explosion, but the security specialist is telling us what we can do to stay because they are too far away well, actually today at four in the morning we all woke up here. from such a rather powerful sound of an explosion that rang out twice and in my room, for example, the windows were shaking, we went down to the basement and had to wait for a while time later there were no puffs of smoke or traces of

fire, but later during the day it became known that the shells or rockets hit not so far from the place where we are actually only eight minutes from where we are. and this should indicate that the central part of the city later we went to film on the outskirts in the very northern part of the city, from which the napa of the russian army is waiting all the time, and there i have to tell you that during the time we were filming there, it was about half an hour, we heard the sounds of explosions, er, about every 2 minutes, they were of different intensity, they were not so loud but quite uncomfortable, they were shelling, but at least once it was shelling from hail, as our colleague, who is a security specialist, suggested. that is, we can say that the situation here is unstable and quite dangerous. talking about the liberation of the village, heavy shelling continues there, and i even saw it today, and

even from where we are now, you could see smoke on the horizon and such a dark smoke, as it is called here, that is, it was possible to understand that there were not just shellings. and there was also burning, that is, there were obviously fires again, we know that there were massive fires yesterday. and again we hear the sounds of explosions at a certain distance from us, but not too loud. i hope we can continue talking with you for a while and one thing issues related to the food industry of kharkiv region ukrainian ombudsman lyudmila denisova stated that there is evidence of crimes by the russian military against ukrainian children committed in villages in kharkiv region during its occupation what is known about this ukrainian ombudsman wrote on her page on her facebook page, and to be honest, it is extremely difficult to talk about it because the data she

wrote about are absolutely terrible, for example, she said that in the last day alone there were about fifty or even more than fifty appeals about sexual violence in particular, in one hour , 10 people came forward and talked about such crimes, and eight of them were minors, and in particular , there were even 10-year-old boys, the ages of the people who suffered were extremely different. lyudmila denisova she writes about small children from 9 months old, she mentions there a case with a 9-month-old girl up to quite elderly people, in particular even men. she also describes a case with a 78-year-old man . ms. the ombudsman noted that she turned to the un commission and investigated the violation of human rights during russia's invasion of ukraine in order for them to recognize these cases and consider them some kind of genocide against the ukrainian people, jean olya,

thank you very much, be careful and we will move on. so, however, what are the levers of influence on russia in the protection of the rights of ukrainian soldiers from azov, what guarantees does the geneva convention on the proper treatment of prisoners of war provide them with, let's talk with international law expert vitalya lebid she should join us live yes uh good evening you can hear us well yes yes okay so vitaliy what is the status ukrainian soldiers who were taken out of azovstalia are currently in temporarily occupied territory under international humanitarian law, they are prisoners of war, this is a special status that is not guaranteed at all, this is a special status that is guaranteed by the geneva conventions and provides protection to military personnel

who are in captivity and this status guarantees protection from violence, primarily physical, as well as from any psychological violence, in particular, any forms of intimidation are prohibited, any humiliating actions are prohibited the dignity of military personnel, they are endowed with a number of rights, they must be placed in special camps for prisoners of war, special attention is also paid to the protection of the wounded and it is especially difficult for wounded soldiers to be at home and be able to receive proper medical care, thank you, another question, the red cross notes that it registers the persons of the ukrainian military, but there is no access to their places of detention in the

temporarily occupied territory, how can such actions of russia be evaluated from the point of view of international law, because we understand that it is about the fact that it simply does not allow the red cross or representatives of the oun to this very ex-penal colony, the international committee of the red cross for according to the international humanitarian rule, he is endowed with special functions and is a special subject in relation to the parties to the conflict, and according to international law, the parties to the conflict are obliged to grant access to the international committee of christ, in particular, to their representatives, to prisoners of war; moreover, prisoners of war have the right to a confidential meeting with representatives for communication for the transfer of information and thus the receipt of this information, the international committee of the red cross can transfer the representation to the of the relevant icj in ukraine and thus e-e ukraine receives information, keeps records of

military personnel who are currently under the control of an enemy state, therefore such access is very important because in fact very often it is the only reliable source regarding how many people are received, in what condition they are in which under the conditions they are in captivity, therefore, the actions aimed at preventing representatives of the icj from visiting prisoners of war are a gross violation of the geneva conventions, respectively, a gross violation of international law, vitaliy, one more question. russia calls the withdrawal of the ukrainian military from the azov sea

a capitulation . at the moment, as i already mentioned, they have the status of prisoners of war. that means that they are, in fact, without weapons, they agreed to be given such a specific status with the further aim of transferring them to the motherland, and as i at the beginning noted that this is indeed an obligation under international humanitarian law in the current situation that has developed in azov, it was in fact the only possible way out precisely to save them because we understand that they were surrounded and well in in principle, this corresponds to international norms. italy, thank you very much for your comments and explanations. so, we talked about the status of the ukrainian military, which was withdrawn from azov

. as well as other products, the specter of mass starvation can become a reality in the poorest countries of the world, i am declaring this to the un, food prices are rising and some vital food supplies have stopped and the main reason is the war of russia against ukraine in recent years, ukraine was in the first 10 exporters of wheat, almost 60% ukrainian exports were sent abroad through courts, all ukrainian seaports were either actually blocked by russia or temporarily occupied, what does this all mean for the world and for ukraine, further stories by bbc correspondent karline davis, ukrainian wheat helps feed the world, but due to the blockade of the ports, now it does not get to the places where it is most needed. more than 3,000 tons of grain are stored in yuriy's warehouses, but due to problems with wheat outside the country, no one

buys it. i would like to contact, i don't know who. to all the people of the world now i don't know who else to ask this question to what can people have when people are hungry, we wanted them to help us sell this grain at a good price, no matter what the price, to sell it so that people do not starve and have plenty on their table as we have now, even if we have i think that all the countries of the west should help us, as i am the head of the economy and i see how to solve this issue, i am used to working with a willful decision. i think that i should take the opportunity to bang my fist on the table, open the ports, block all these russian invasions, whatever to bring out this grain, what do you feel when you think about the

people who are waiting so much for this harvest ? i will feel the feeling, you probably know. they still don't know where to store it and how to take it out of the country, they can take some goods by road transport, others by rail, but not in the volumes that were previously transported by sea, the movement of vessels was limited by the war, the whole sea was mined and it may take months to clear it of mines andriy stavniser, the owner of one of the largest ports in ukraine, we currently have about 80

ships in ukraine, which are essentially ghost ships. we know when we will be able to open the port again but we are facing a disaster that will happen in the next few weeks when the new crop will be here and the old one will not be exported russia and ukraine together produce 30% of the world's wheat without them can there will be a global food crisis, this threatens that tens of millions of people will experience food instability and then malnutrition , mass hunger, a crisis that can last for years, at the same time, many people in the west feel that russia is using sea routes for blackmail, if an agreement cannot be reached, ukrainian grain will rot and people in the world will suffer from hunger, the russian war in ukraine takes not only the lives of ukrainians, it destroys its cultural heritage, bombs destroy museums, libraries, churches, mosques , universities, and theaters, unesco calls such actions

during the war, cultural purges, and international law recognizes them as war crimes on a par with forced deportations and executions of civilians, in addition to the destruction, the russian army steals from the temporarily occupied territories the paintings of aivazovsky and kuindzhi, the scythian gold of manuscripts, my colleague bbc journalist anastasia soroka investigated this topic together with grigor atanysyan anastasia joined to me in the studio nastya i congratulate you, in your material you described in particular the destructive shelling of museums in the kharkiv region, in the kyiv region, in mariupol after all, are these the consequences of first of all the untargeted shelling of the peaceful cities of ukraine by the russian army, or is it about the systematic destruction of ukrainian culture, of course, from those cultural experts, museum experts, art historians with whom we spoke

, there are two considerations on this matter. about the fact that russia is leading in the style of a russian war, this is the so-called cow shelling, that is, completely non- selective shelling of cities, the entire historical centers of the city, in which absolutely all rules are neglected modern rules of warfare, international law, international conventions to which russia is a party, which they signed, that is, yes, yes, that is, in his opinion , this is absolutely, this is neglect of the entire culture, and on the other hand, we analyzed a lot of data sent to us by unesco and the ministry of culture, and we saw cases that raise a lot of questions, at least for example the same example of the ivankiv museum of local history, which became very famous for the fact that in the first days of the war it had a better shell and there were paintings of maria

pryimachenko museum of horiyev, local residents saved it with their own hands, we talked to them. local residents tell us that it all looks very suspicious, because the museum was in the middle of a park on the outskirts of the city, there was nothing around it , that is, there were residential quarters and there was a river. no military infrastructure, and then suddenly a projectile hits it, nothing else around is damaged at this moment. and at least the experts with whom we spoke, and the local residents, they do not take it upon themselves to speak clearly, but in it makes them very suspicious, was it such a random shelling or a similar story with the grigory skovoroda museum, that is, some such things coincide, too, if you look at our map that we made, nothing else around him was damaged and these are the moments they are force many of our interlocutors to talk about the fact that we are talking about purposeful destruction of culture, that it is the policy of the

occupier to erase this ukraine, ukrainian national identity, local identity especially if you look in the same way at our data, which we analyzed, a lot of local history museums were destroyed. this is the political scientist konstantin batovsky with whom we spoke. he is sure that this is a policy aimed at immediately starting to destroy this in the occupied territories the attachment to one's own history is understandable. therefore, only the end of the war can stop the devastating shelling of theaters , museums, mosques, and churches in ukraine, but still, what can ukraine and unesco do for prevention of the destruction of the collection of ukrainian museums in order to save the country's cultural heritage, there are two ways, and the first way - this is what i would say, taking into account

one 's own experience and taking into account mistakes, studying mistakes. absolutely not ready, uh, there were no clear evacuation plans, rescue plans, many of them said that they were completely confused, uh, and in the first days there, the first two weeks, 10 days were like this chaos, people, museum workers tried to understand how to save their collections, where to take them, then we already talked about it with the ministry of culture, and then, gradually, everything was resolved, and now it’s not so bad, that is, in principle, but this is taking into account this experience, yes. adequate assessment of the risks of calculating evacuation plans because these are very, very complicated things. that is, it is not easy to pack the paintings in a truck to take them out, that is, you need to store the humidity, temperature, etc., have a clear plan where to take it, have contracts with the constitutions to which they will be exported, have plans to return in order to be able to do it later, and this is the first main thing, this is prevention itself

, that is, thinking ahead, the second moment is already now when we see all this looting of scythian gold, the cutting up of the mariupol museum of local history, the export of all these exhibits to russia, the second stage is already work from unesco, which unesco told us, they are already doing it, they are working with interpol, tracking these exhibits, their movement, monitoring so that they are not resold, so that they do not end up on the black market for them to have forged documents on them and in this way if tracking of all these items so that they could then be returned to ukraine and also the ukrainian government i think they just know and they should work with unesco and interpol for in order to return the exhibits that russia steals from ukraine back to ukraine , it is clear and can this issue also be considered in international courts, since these are absolutely war crimes yes, these are war crimes i think that the same strategies of ukraine

there could be the opening of proceedings on the facts of destruction and on the facts of looting and the reporting of bringing this to international courts, of course nastya, thank you very much for your journalistic investigation of this difficult topic, and then we will talk about the history and modernity of the crimean tatar people in ukraine since the annexation of crimea in 2014, the crimean tatar people were divided along new lines by train , part of them remained on the peninsula, part of them fled from persecution to the mainland country of hope for deoccupation of crimea in the future may 18 crimean tatars honor the memory of the victims of the stalinist deportations of 1944, meanwhile, a war is going on in ukraine, but how much the events at the front affect the hopes of the crimean tatars to return to their historical homeland, my colleague natalka skorhenko talked with the leader of the mechlis of the

crimean tatar people, refat chubarov the deportation of the crimean tatar people was then called a special operation, now they are again trying to deprive him of his home, to what extent do you think the methods have changed today and whether it is possible and what parallel historical ones can be connected to the ground in the fact that genocides that remained unpunished are being committed again. and the fact that the crime of the holodomor remained unpunished from the point of view of those who gave the orders, someone committed that crime and the state of the ussr, which was accused already after it disappeared, disintegrated, the same with sergon, the expulsion of the crimean tatar people from their

homeland, and the center from which these orders were issued, decisions were made, and today there is only moscow, and large-scale crimes are planned there today which cause the death of tens of thousands of people, in this i see a direct relationship after the annexation of crimea, the crimean tatar people again began to experience repression, persecution, intimidation, forced conscription into the army, the menshlis is prohibited, how much the full-scale invasion of russia into ukraine worsened the human rights situation in crimea , the policy of the occupying russian occupation authorities became tougher two ways by which the russian occupation authorities try to completely control the crimean society, this is very

important for them, since it is from crimea that the occupied ukrainian territory, one of the main directions of the attack on mainland ukraine was carried out through chongar kalanchak chaplinko thousands of military equipment and tens of thousands of soldiers who went against ukraine and then after some time they began to bring the bodies of killed russian soldiers to the crimean land wounded and all this created crimea into such a territory where people learn more, see more well, they should have discussed more and that is why the russians, well, the region increased such informational and psychological pressure on the crimea

society, the second way is repression, fear, intensification of fear, several innovations were introduced, they introduced a norm that provides for administrative punishment of those who speak out against the war with ukraine, who question the goals announced by putin, and in crimea there are already somewhere around 5 dozen people who have been convicted under this administrative norm and the first person they condemned. it was the head of the central election commission of the crimean tatar people under ir smelyaev. it took almost half a century for the crimean tatars to win back the right to live on their own land, how much time do you think there should be to return crimea, which has now been turned into a military base, or is the current war, delaying, on the contrary

, approaching the goal after those terrible crimes and killing tens of thousands of people committed by russian soldiers, the russian army on the territory of ukraine, and especially after such as mariupol the liberation of crimea is approaching, as it will take place in social networks. take care of yourself .

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