the newest generation of the fifth generation, not the third, the fourth, like russia, if we are corsairs. these are the same zhulins, but a larger guidance system and a longer range of 2 km, more than food, if we are talking about oplot tanks, this is all a nuclear guidance system for striking with howitzers, like the abrams a it is better than tanks in the nato system and, accordingly, it is a nato block, but whole complexes are not units, but in a complex that operate in the system, then they are effective, then they are quickly mastered and act very effectively on large territories or powerful means, so to speak, the impression and the last the question is already completely down-to-earth, the situation in the area, as i understand it, maybe i'm wrong near north donetsk, it's been the most tense for several weeks, ah, well, the russians say they're advancing, the ukrainians say they're not, that the russians aren't advancing, they're holding their defenses, they're fighting back, what

's the actual situation there, mr. general from your point of view, and will ukraine hold those lines on which the ukrainian army is now located in the first place . of all areas of the front, russia from the confederation threw , uh, i gave you a description of the uniting of 40,000 military personnel, yes, these are not very qualified and powerful fighters, but they really take the masses . for 70 km , we cannot sow them here, and their use is to provide exactly 1,000 shells, thousands of missile systems, or shots, if we are talking about the destruction of not only residential buildings, but even powerful fortifications, so in this situation on we retreated over long distances, but in the system of the

city, we accordingly have an advantage, here we also have an advantage in skill and weaponry at the level of tactical weapons and anti-tank weapons, so to speak, because the complex is effectively evaluated by the works, and here we are just to some extent and have an advantage even on much superior e the enemy's capabilities, but they continue just as they leave, they continue missile strikes where we are in the pro-zone, we leave again, it just stopped, they are already moving the infantry and we are not moving forward, that is, the variable part, i think that we have the prospect of keeping it, because in this situation a huge number of military personnel have already been destroyed, russia, well, in principle, in the military system, if a soldier has not passed there with a boot, it means that the territory is not conquered . from our systems and missile and artillery people

put all their efforts to capture create a cauldron just as counterattacks also fail and once again so to speak big losses for the izhevsk direction in order to liberate the military doskoch units for us , as it is possible, also failed, that is, there are positional battles with variable success. i think that due to the reserves i will leave today. which we received, for example , m155, there are already some missile systems, er, self-propelled artillery systems, er, well, we need literally the next few days, which we have already mastered the use of there ensure the failure of all interests, well, here already eh is the responsibility and command of our armed forces of ukraine. thank you mykola malomuzh, ukrainian military, former head of the foreign intelligence service of ukraine, general of the ukrainian army advises the president of ukraine, he was in touch with us. we thank

him for finding time for us. i understood the prospects, i wanted to say that this is an optimistic picture. well, in my opinion, any picture that shows that the ukrainian state exists is optimistic. for me, optimism consists only in because as long as we have our institutions, we have our uh, our possibilities, even negotiations with someone in the west for the supply of weapons, then i don't see anything so pessimistic, but war is always pessimism , people are already dying everywhere at that time, why are territories occupied and purchases continue, but we are now let's talk with yevgenia gabar, senior aircraft analyst at the center for the study of modern turkey at the captish university, deputy director of political blocs, deputy director of the gennadiy davenka atlantic academy under the ministry of foreign affairs of ukraine, yevhenii, i wish you good

health, well, in principle, this has never happened. and again, as they say, we see new signs of understanding between the authoritarian rulers , vladimir putin, and the dojep , and he died a long time ago. of the president because he is the head of the country, which is ukraine's weapon. but together with closes the straits and together with the straits from the straits , i close not only from er russian courts er from all that's what's the problem ot but along with that ms. evgenia is a person who has her own interests . the truth is in her head and that's the special operation in syria. and here are these ideas that ukraine should agree with the easing of sanctions against russia in exchange for the transportation of grain . these are not some new trends, but also

in turkey, as well as in ukraine and precisely what is most stable in turkish politics is the defense of its own national interests regardless of whether it is a nato member country or whether it deals with its partners, the united states , great britain, sweden, finland. does she speak with with russia, where everything is not so simple, against the background of this tactical rapprochement, there remain a lot of problems. well, relations with ukraine are the same, so the biggest problem for ukraine is actually that now in the structure and in the situation in which turkey found itself, it objectively has very there are many interests in deepening cooperation with russia, and here , unfortunately, there is not much that ukraine can do apart from defending its certain red lines there quite clearly, because the

domestic political situation in turkey and the economy the situation and the tourist season, which is just around the corner, and the entire regional context, the struggle in syria, the south caucasus, other tracks, a lot of regional conflicts , inter-regional issues related to russia, all of them require, of course, such interaction. unfortunately, what we see now and to appreciate the trend, this is no longer a hidden violation by turkey of international law and bilateral agreements, well , in particular, it is about the trade in stolen grain, and about how fast turkey is now calling, i invite turkish companies to that turkey's non-participation in the sanctions is, in principle, traditional, turkey has never joined the sanctions either against russia or against any other countries. this is the principled position of the foreign policy of a country that is itself under western sanctions, but the fact that it is now being done completely openly and sometimes is already quite cynical in open text talking about

the fact that let's unblock the access of russian grain to world markets, let's restore normal work of russian banks, invite russian oligarchs of russian companies to turkey already of course, it sounds like that. on the border of ukraine's strategic partner, it's not very good. i would say that it's a nice situation that the russian grain collection is not limited by anyone. russian grain is not sold in sub-shares. the question is that, in such small steps, the sanctions against it is easier to talk about russia because it is a sensitive issue, because it is a humanitarian issue, and in this case, it seems to sound much softer and better than to call on russia to be allowed to sell gas or oil there, although in fact we understand that now and then they

use this russia simply as a tool for blackmailing western countries, but these calls are the first step towards calling in principle for the easing of sanctions against russia, this is also their very dangerous trends because i was in turkey for a long time during the war. in turkey, the sentiments that it is impossible to isolate russia are very strong. it is not possible. well, i don't want to repeat macron's words there that it is not necessary to humiliate russia, but somewhere it sounds like that in unison, it is necessary to leave channels for cooperation with russia that it will turn into a rogue country and in general, no one will be able to communicate with it, and these are all the sentiments that exist in turkey, which are quite anti-western, anti-american, these are the calls of turkish business, which is of course that also the electoral base for the president of the russian federation about the need to return to normal trade is one story and the other is that grain supplies from russia are not being blocked, as you say, but there are issues of logistics

the issue of insurance for russian vessels because the normal functioning of maritime trade is now impossible due to the fact that russian companies are under sanctions as well as the air fleet which is normal and the same applies to the financial system of banking operations which cannot be carried out precisely because russian banks are cut off from the world and about that all by the way, did the minister of foreign affairs speak or was there? what happened at the press conference, that is, there is a whole block of issues that need to be resolved in order to make life easier for russia, and it is necessary to make life easier for russia in order to turkey would like russia to make concessions in syria, for example, where turkey is conducting a cross-border operation, it is going to carry out a cross-border operation against khruds, uh, on other issues that are of interest to turkey. well, these tourists are tomatoes. this is already a traditional story, mr. evgenia, look, namely erdogan and his party, justice, justice and

development, it won't be long before there will be elections. it seems to me that even this year something can change, something can change, or these sentiments that you are talking about, they are so comprehensive, everything is turkish and so that there will be no change in the turkish policy, anyway, there will be a desire to somehow distance ourselves a little from nato, get a little closer to russia, reduce sanctions restrictions a little, help ukraine a little, and this policy will continue. an optimist, mr. yevgenia . you see how many of the turkish politicians are. i also read all the time that pdogan is fed up with turkish society. you are just a voice of common sense . mykola, you understand, and a sane voice is not always in the politician is winning, look, answer, will you speak, will you speak, yes, please speak, come on, besides, whether the

government will change or not, it is up to me. there is also a question. indeed, now there are much more opportunities for this to happen than in any other previous elections. now public opinion polls show that in principle, any positional candidate will win against erdogan, the problem is that to a large extent this policy will not change, there may be some tactical points, there may be stylistics , there may be other rhetoric in relation to the event can be somewhat softer, it is an attempt to agree on something there, well, to normalize these relations, but in principle, this whole complex of problems that exists will remain and will not go anywhere, and there are at least two reasons for this, one reason is related to geopolitics with those interests and these interests of turkey are always balancing between the countries of the west and russia, especially in the

black sea. and this is not something new, it basically started there and i don’t know from the russian ottoman soldiers after the cold war, nato and everything else until today it is the interests of turkey to maintain this very fragile balance, on the one hand, to prevent russia from establishing complete dominance in the black sea. and now, precisely in this sense, the situation is deteriorating, because russia is increasingly able to dictate its terms, and on the other hand, to prevent the presence of nato countries because, as mr. vitaliy rightly noted at the beginning, although according to the montreux convention, article 19, the strait had to be closed only for the warring parties, i.e., ukraine and russia, in fact, they were also closed for turkey of nato countries and now some mini-miners or nato convoys are impossible precisely because of the position of turkey , because it will not allow either british or american ships to the black sea, but this policy of balancing is traditional, and ukraine's cooperation with turkey to a large extent has not

developed at such a fast pace recently. due to the fact that in ukraine, turkey saw the possibility of such a counterbalance to russia, on the one hand, ukraine is not a nato country, it does not cause any toxic reaction of turkish society, and on the other hand ukraine is a real lever in order to restrain the presence of russia, conditionally, by other people's hands, that's why this cooperation of ukraine with turkey, which was optimistically talked about by the barectors of the industry and the like - this is, in principle, what was based on the real interests of both sides. the second point is the mood. in turkish society, you can swim even deeper here, because this distrust of the west, the reluctance to see cooperation and the special presence of nato and the united states in the region, conspiracy theories, eurasian sentiments they are so deep sit in turkish society that in order to get the support of the electorate in the elections any party opposition liberal not liberal

any other it should take into account these moods and it is interesting to look at the polls there in 18-19 of those years after the attempted coup in turkey 82% of the turkish population considered the main threat to turkey and the united states of america, which is an ally of turkey and the united states in this anti-rating, they were ahead of armenia, greece, cyprus, i don't know there, syria, israel, of all the countries that now they really pose a threat to turkey recently, the mood has weakened, but even now, according to polls, the majority of the population in turkey believes that the united states and nato are guilty of this war, and russia is much less guilty, so i hope that in independence, what will happen in the 23rd year very strongly being so optimistic, supporting this optimistic trend that at least we will not have a hot phase of the war then, but in any case, whoever becomes the head of turkey with this, this is reality, this is nothing

you can do it and you can adapt to it little by little, change everything, but these are years and decades of constant such influence on the turkish public and public consciousness that our enemies are the west, they cooperate with the kurds, they cooperate with yuli, they cooperate with all our enemies and the best friend turkey is turkey itself, therefore, national interests are always the cornerstone of turkey's policy, what it is oriented towards, and if these interests require cooperation with russia, it is not important that the authoritarian there the democratic leader of turkey will cooperate with russia. listen to the last question. if vitaly will not be there, then yes, i have a simple question. there was a lot of talk about the start of the construction of the strait parallel to this strait in order to avoid the implementation of this doctrine, and it was stopped because after that probably because of the war, i simply did not

pay attention to whether this construction continues in parallel and the strait is already such that it does not fall under the effect of those treaties that were signed in the 20th year of the xx century, first of all, it is not it was stopped so much, it did not start, this construction, er, the fact is that there were also a lot of issues, er, related to financing and investments - this is the main thing, just now, er, from the very beginning, there were no people willing to invest in this project for many different reasons, risks far exceeded the possible profits, but now there is no such desire and desire, the objections of ecologists were very serious there, up to the international authorities, and the main thing is that with the arrival of e-e with the elections in fact in istanbul, yes, we are going to power the opposition mayor, whom they did not want to recognize, but in the end they recognized. this was all suspended because at the moment the istanbul municipality is also separate

. this is also the mayor of their position. he opposes this project, so it is not discussed. the second point is important in that, in fact, no one talked about it. that the montreux convention will not apply to the artificial channel, you know, when you wish to pass it off as real, there were discussions about this, but the statements of the turkish authorities, as always, traditionally contradicted each other with a difference of half an hour in time with a difference in two offices in the same corridor because some talked about what would be applied, the other about what would not be applied. in fact, the mantriode convention of the 36th year is not about any artificial channels of creation, but about a system of bars that connects the marble sea, the black sea. well and further middle earth. therefore, this is again an argument for manipulation for the interpretation of a very free interpretation depending on the situation

. serious questions from the very beginning. and i don't think that, first of all, if this channel is ever built, well, now there are actually no chances, especially before the 23rd year, but it will take tens of years and tens of millions of dollars to hope for the fact that nato's presence will increase in the region, it is not necessary to talk about the fact that turkey needs to conditionally set its conditions and explain what kind of threat it is from the russian side and in the mediterranean sea, in the black sea, where turkey is and try well, if not constantly the presence of nato in the perspective of increasing, or at least creating some patrols, convoys , naval operations that would allow in such a short term to strengthen this cooperation, but again, this is a difficult issue, although the construction of the construction of this channel might be beneficial in

ukraine not so much because of the presence of nato, but because of the possibility of the passage of lg tankers e-e with liquefied gas there qatari american any other e to the black sea and odessa to you a huge senior analyst of the research center of modern turkey told us that somewhere in the world there is stability and stability, this stability and stability refers to the constant uncertainty of everything that concerns turkey, somewhere there is such stability . valery ryabih good health, mr. valery. if you are with us, it is very nice that you found a little time for us, especially on friday when everyone, on the contrary, finishes work and we i'm starting with italian, we don't have days off right now, so we talked to my husband, and he's

so incredibly optimistic, he's drawn some kind of scenario . and you, who draw us a scenario, and first of all, around uh, well, the most acute uh, on the map if look at the places where the battles are taking place first. tell me where they are the most acute, the most dangerous and how strong the ukrainian army is standing there. well, of course, today the most acute situation is in the north donetsk region, where the enemy continues offensive actions and tries to seize this place, following the orders of which mo-, you can see that the enemy is advancing from above in this direction, too, is throwing forces in order to surround our

troops operating in the area of ​​the city of severodonetsk. the strengthening of offensive groups in this direction, the general staff introduces reserves and accordingly the line is held. well, you talked there about constancy. and at the moment, it can also be stated that the front line is now stabilizing somewhere. of course, it is characterized especially in this area such very fierce military actions and exchanges of blows, but there is also stability in that, in that the enemy in this direction, as well as in other directions, cannot complete the assigned task and he has an offensive at times already it ends, and on the other hand, in our troops, there is

a will to resist, but there are still no such reasons to go into a decisive contrast in the form of the same artillery systems of new shock weapons that promised we have allies well, accordingly, this is still the case status quo and well, the situation is quite difficult, but as they assure the general staff of the armed forces of ukraine, it is under control. well, easter is a very important question. all the contractual agreements on the supply of weapons to ukraine from britain from european countries of the united states will be legalized by poland and so on and so

on, if you imagine everything together and believe that the western partners fulfill the contracts or an agreement or a promise regarding these weapons is enough to go into a counteroffensive or to exhaust the enemy's military forces even more, because this is the main thing, we say they supply, they don't supply again, they supply, they don't supply, but if we take it, reject it and believe them, they will give us everything that we asked for and what they offered is enough for the ukrainian army. well, it must be said about what was announced, especially recently, about the number of weapons, it is in principle large enough, but if you predict it, it is possible and not.

in such a quantity that it would be enough for a decisive offensive, however, it should be noted that there are, for example, a number of systems that can change the rules on the battlefield, so we are currently showing a picture with the control panel of the french -made caesar bokaiser artillery system, and well, these are the systems of the new generation e is not only that they can have er, let's say, the ability to inflict damage on the enemy at a long distance more than the enemy can er, they can deploy and shoot back within one minute and er in another minute, leave that place, and this shooting will be accurate and each projectile will fall exactly in the place where it was

launched, and the same thing must be said. what , for example, are systems like the m142, which are exactly what are now also on the screen eh, they are such that they can change the rules of the game on the battlefield eh, considering the fact that now there is an artillery confrontation on the battlefield eh, here are the systems that were precisely developed during the confrontation with the soviet union in the united states and then e were they improved for their purpose - they are designed specifically for the center of the battery to fight against large-caliber artillery e-e and what was in the soviet union and what is currently e-e in the russian federation and the basic principle here is the same as in the caesar system about which we said that each

projectile hits a specific target, and one salvo from this system immediately knocks out the enemy's artillery battery with a battery, and in fact, having such systems, we can equalize our chances, firstly, and secondly, gain an advantage well, that's it it should be taken into account, by the way, the statement of the representative of the main intelligence department, which was announced today through the guard, what is he saying about what is currently in the artillery that we are seeing on the battlefield, and ukraine will lose and no, no, well, a very large ratio , if these statements are to be believed, then somewhere around 1 to 10, that is, in principle, we have 10 times less

artillery systems than our opponents, and in order to overcome this difference, a qualitatively new level of systems is needed, but e- for what at the expense of what it can be obtained precisely at the expense of receiving not only the systems themselves, such as boulders that can launch high-precision projectiles, but also the integrated shock-reconnaissance system, which allowed to perform all these cycles from receiving intelligence data about the enemy on the battlefield to the task of point damage to him and the last one or the penultimate one is some such question and how much do you need to study because i looked there whole computers some french sisters how much do you need anyway yes how much do you need to study this months are weeks, because everyone praises the ukrainians, they say they learn very quickly. but there are things that cannot

be learned in a minute or a week. if they all come here, the ukrainian army will be ready to use all these new weapons . what if, for example, they start teaching you and me? it will take a lot of time to master it. and, of course, we are talking about people who are already trained, it is about artillerymen in ukraine at the moment there is enough reserve in this specialty, you can judge from the fact that within 8 years ago, there was a rotation of units, including officers of artillery units, and accordingly it will be easier for them to master similar systems. of course, there is a big difference between the soviet systems that we

used until now and these systems that are a generation higher, and they will already say that there is a management system assembled on a different element base and on other principles, but let's say that in addition to the barriers that may be present, it is primarily a language barrier, because as a rule in those the systems that are supplied to us use english or, as in the systems that we have seen now, the french language is used, and accordingly, in addition to personnel training, we also need to adapt, if not our servicemen, then the control system of these artillery systems, and accordingly well, here we also need interaction with the manufacturers of these weapons , but that's what they say themselves