the input of the oriented world and western-oriented institutions such as the un, other diversification by involving subjects from different parts of the world and against this background, of course, relative to the same china and in general the authoritarian regimes or totalitarian regimes of the world today still lags behind in demonstrating its stability and demonstrating its capabilities and so far in the battle between democracy and authoritarianism, it cannot be said that democracies are leading the game, rather democracies have now played their part and ukraine has played its decisive role here because we have shown that democracy even with an unstable rule of law but nevertheless, if it is not an obstacle, democracy is capable of being stable. it can withstand a blow. this is something that no one expected. china frankly said that liberal democracies are not capable of responding to modern challenges. they are at the turning points of their decision-making, they are not can agree on them because it is necessary to agree collectively. and when there are small

groups, when it is small, the leadership is dynamic, it is easier to make a decision. well, what happened is that we have a decision-making center, as they like to say in the kremlin they are not in individual houses. they are in every yard, because everyone at their own discretion, in a network like in an anthill, performed their part of the work. relying on their own personal responsibility, and this is most likely a recipe for the future of europe, because europe was built anyway with a monarchy with mountains to the bottom, and ukraine is rebuilding its democracy from, in fact, from anarchy from the bottom up , without having statehood. and somewhere in the middle there is a formula that can be scaled for the european union itself and the western world in general of the democratic world and ukraine can now be a kind of collider here, there are technical colliders that have united several countries and we can be a social collider, how come i didn't underestimate the importance of these grassroots movements of all kinds of trade unions and so on which are very good by the way, ferguson describes, despite the fact that democracy has become in its time, it is precisely in european

cities that are primarily popular, but you and i understand that in authoritarianism there are always more official opportunities. they are always, well, at least xx centuries if you look at them. they always demonstrate greater stability and development, rapid development, rapid resolution of issues, and well, there are no procedures. well, of course , there are some card-blats for an authoritarian regime, but democracies have always won, and if china did not want it with its statements about the incapacity of liberal democracies, eh to win or, shall we say, to respond to the challenges that exist today well, it is more the desire of authoritarian regimes to

justify themselves in some way, well, in the end, they all end up approximately the same, just like the soviet union, well, in one form or another, one way or another, that's why this competition continues, it will, of course, continue to grow. it may even turn into a third war, when the world will once again compete with each other for the right way to live in a democratic society or in an authoritarian society. well, in the 20th century , the world managed to give an answer to these questions. well, this game begins again in the 21st century, as for ukraine itself, we made the choice ourselves, we can’t imagine any other way, whatever we call it, but it is democracy, we cannot imagine life in any other way, and obviously we will continue to fight for this life and, in

principle, even our allies who gave us a few days there for this war, three days kyiv, 5 days lviv, embassies left there and invited the president to move to another country obviously, they were also wrong and did not fully believe in democracy as much as the ukrainian people believe in it. well, it's a pity for him that he has to say goodbye to you already. good day to yuri . traveling mr. oleg sahakyan. we will analyze the news more in the next editions about what will be decided there, thank you very much for this conversation, and we will move on , we already have the next guest, in fact, mr. yaroslav zheleznyak, people's deputy, first deputy chairman committee on finance, tax and customs policy, mr. yaroslav, i am glad to

see you. good day. without customs import a-a on the so-called euro plates on the euro number plates of the cars and accordingly all interested people are trying on the last day to have time to drive actually what do you think about this whole situation in general or maybe it should have been canceled or should have been introduced and what has formed now i think what is the correct answer it shouldn't have been implemented frankly says er it's stupid when many politicians for the sake of er temporary likes decided to introduce a benefit that wasn't very fair because many people

who really lost their cars, so they didn’t buy them, but on the other hand, unfortunately, many of our citizens showed our international partners that this is not a very good side, and i think that when poles or other foreigners see chickens, there are really a lot of them per kilometer, that is conditional for money. a couple of days ago, it was briefly another 9.5 km. if i’m not mistaken, it was a chicken. 40 km. when they see that these are not military cars, let’s be honest . i don’t see any military pickups because they they just go through other points pass and for myself well, this probably does not characterize us very well, but on the other hand, once again, uh , the situation is as it happened from july 1, this benefit will be canceled, further consideration will be given to a separate draft law

, which, among other things, may give benefits to precisely the military, to those who are bereaved in fact , we have many of them here, 2,000 cars were lost, you know. i am from the city of mariupol. i know many people who lost everything, including their lot, not only cars at home, but since i do not know a single person who took advantage of this law and claimed a car therefore, i think that after the war, we will have to return to this question, and for now, since the first of july, this was at the insistence of the government, it was their decision, their political responsibility , and this benefit will be canceled. programs were once introduced, she is now fully engaged in this business. that is, she drives large pickup trucks for the military, and i met her literally the other day in lviv by chance. and she said that it is not a problem for her at all, that this duty-free travel is canceled because

she already has the necessary documents in this one even without any special law that allows her to be transported without it, we and cars, well, that is, in fact, it turns out that this did not make the same sense from the very beginning, this introduction without customs duty, and once again, your acquaintance will be better than the situation the first after the first of july, we do not change anything for military cars. i personally bring a military car. who doesn’t know? well, you just get there very quickly and a letter from the brigade. no complaints about this, but due to the fact that ukrainians were buying cars en masse here, and cars abroad , the price for her to buy these pickups also increased, and now from july 1, i think that this price will drop again, and here, er, i think that it is just right for volunteers it will be better

, but again. well, the benefit that was introduced, it was not for the military, it was approved for cars in general use. i don’t know, i will tell you frankly whether the country lost a lot or not, the total benefit was 23 billion, but it is probably fair to say that people during war would otherwise they would not have imported it, so they at least introduced the pension tax, but once again well, this is the picture you show on the left, well, friends say frankly, are we in these days when people stand in queues for 3-4 days, of course there is a lot of garbage, of course there are no elementary sanitary facilities, yes well, imagine that you are volunteers of a foreign country or a diaspora and a 20-year-old humanitarian. what do you think , watching this? that's how you want to continue helping the country when you see that healthy men

who have somehow gone abroad and there for some reason many people who, well, definitely do not meet the criterion of 60 plus uh, instead of helping the country not to import themselves, most of them are for resale, so once again there was a benefit, there is a benefit for four months ah, for what kind of benefit, i think that 240,000 ato will be introduced. 2.5 times more than ukraine lost, then the war will end, we need to discuss, we really need to cancel the creation of oil, i fully support it here, but at the same time, well, you can translate it into an excise tax on fuel, then it will be fair . i will say frankly, according to my observation, at least riding a bicycle near the city of kyiv and in kyiv there is something, i don’t see that people are saving for points , so i can hope that just without a fair

revision of taxation. in this regard, after the war, after the end of the war . i don't know how long it will be at the address, please comment. yesterday, we actually had a conversation with the representative of grain export , that is, ukrainian farmers, and he said that there is a situation when in the conditions of the blockade of sea ports which were the main main line of the actual transportation of grain, in particular, first of all, and ukrainian before the war, and now the largest amount of transportation is road transportation , that is, mostly these are trucks that simply carry grain across the border, and he says that this is not quite the right situation, because uh the share of grain exported by railway is unreasonably small, and this happens in particular for the banal reason that

most of the capacities are reserved for the transportation of iron ore . friends, i'll tell you honestly, i don't know what the right answer is, of course i want to say that the little farmer is much more important to support than the same akhmetova or who is she still there now, what needles work on the other side i understand that there is conditional if we have goki liegut well, it will be difficult for us economically, they are already there, one out of three is only working. a better answer is that we should export everything that we can export, including grain and iron ore and other products, but here the question is just power. we have the difference in tracks in in europe, it is narrower, it is wider, this was

done in the soviet union for security reasons, now we see that the danger came from the other side, ah, ah, transshipment in our country needs to be developed, well , bait is just when you transfer from one car to another in the baltic countries, too. we can export, but you can imagine what kind of creek is doing eh ship a-ah by highways eh, of course, the profitability is significantly reduced and now we export anyway yes and we export ore but the margin there will be minimal, so it is better the answer, of course, is to do the idea, the text, what are the priorities. it seems to me that well, unfortunately or fortunately, but here the price has to compete. you are more willing to pay for it, and who will have more income in the e budget, so in the second, we should support the first. it seems to me that now the advantage is on to the side well, after all, agro eh

production but again here we have to count the prices of ores falling and the prices of grain rising therefore we have to count it by time according to the load of our eh granaries and lavaders, well, that is, this a complex process is sufficient, the only thing that can be said for sure is that those politicians who at the beginning of the war said that we could have famine during wars and something like that, well, i hope that now the stupidity of these politicians is already obvious to everyone, because we have such by the amount of grain we have in the coming years in 5 years of famine well, it's not that there won't be it's impossible to organize that we have five times more grain than we consumed even before the military level, well, this is probably some kind of positive news but of course we have to think how expand is the only thing that can support the economy, everything else. this is excuse me, creativity and

special effects, which do not have a mother of economic effect , vladyslav well, finally, i still ask, eh, this is already, it is no longer news, eh, but i am still interested in your opinion, eh, because i personally i didn't have a chance to answer this question. and when was it last week? last week. it seems so . actually, mr. hetmantsev used such a quote by jeanne baptiste colbert - it was such a minister of finance that probably said that under louis xiv about what ... it is necessary to pluck the geese keeping in mind the business and actually his vision of the tax policy in the state is obvious, there is a full quote. it sounds like it seems that they expected blocking. this is the art of waiting for

geese so that they don’t decide something like that. picked up danylo oleksandrovych, but i, i, i, for example, i think it made perfect sense in 1600 there in a certain year, especially after the predecessor of colbert, when there were some terrible shenanigans and so on, just how much we now we can use the recipes of the 17th century, which worked in the completely human , absolutely, monarchy, actually france. well, look at the question about the recipes. in the last four months, i have certainly studied the experience of all countries , starting with the discovery and ending with japan of west germany after the war during the war, during the war, if we look there, the united states of great britain, there, well, it’s just horrible, i highly advise

everyone to see how in great britain before the war, domestic animals were forced to be slaughtered because of that they were afraid of hunger, that's why, well, i hope we won't even use these recipes in the modern world, but let's be honest, we discussed a lot with danylo oleksandrovychu, and i now had the opportunity to raise taxes . business will not be grateful now, they are just heroes to you, as far as i'm concerned, who pay taxes here, look, we could not pay taxes, but we collected 80 billion in a month. yes, we have a huge budget, it can be simply catastrophic, and 150 billion in fact, they are not enough for ordinary expenses, and believe these figures, that too will only grow, but once again, we all understand that increasing taxes will not do anything, we all understand that business is very difficult, we all see the numbers that the number of vacancies per

unemployed person has fallen four times, and we can see it on job sites and on the employment fund, we all understand that reading is decreasing, unemployment is increasing, and yes, we all need to work not to attract as much external financial support as possible on internal resources, we are long on let's take it out, we also have friends when 200 a-a 225 billion was missing er national bank already, well, it's such a disaster and it's a very bad situation that's why less populism more er logic of arguments and i think that there's business there now, i won't expect anyone, what's up thank you very much. yaroslav has already joined us . economic

issues and a member of the supervisory board of the international blazer investment fund, mr. olezh. good day to you . good day. well, this is important, actually, the guest is important because we know that president zelensky listens to your opinion, at least i can judge it from the initiatives that you voiced in media and then they were already implemented practically in the form of, for example, laws or steps of economic policy. it is even more interesting to know your opinion on various issues. i would start with the fact that the publication of two important, again, was so important to me of poles, it is like enrique bortnia, who is actually a successful reformer of the 90s. she headed the economic direction in the government and er, it is also absent mothers, it is also one of the more successful top managers of poland, who today also heads

the largest association er of business employers, the actual business association of poland, which is, by the way, a representative of the european commission and in the european parliament, and they published such a programmatic article. i think the manifesto is so certain about the reconstruction or development of ukraine, and there are several points that i actually, your opinion on this matter is interesting. they named the priorities that ukraine needs to do today without waiting for the end of the war, which, as they rightly point out, we do not know when it will end, and the first of them is the reduction of the state's share in the economy. do you think so or do you also think that it should be done and in what way and when? well, i think that the reduction of the state's share in the economy is enough, that's the opinion, and i completely share it, moreover, it is shared by a lot of people those

who is in the economic leadership of ukraine, i mean the economic bloc of the government of ukraine, i would say yes, if you look even at the discussion that we had in our country in the pre-war period, there was a lot of talk about it moreover, if it were not for the war, this year, according to the state budget, the share of the state should have been reduced. that is, it should have happened, well, this is correct. well, to say that it can be done now, i would definitely say that it is impossible to do it now during the war it tasks for the post-war period of time during the war period no in most cases the state should play its role and talk about some changes here now it is not possible after the war we understand that there is

hope that there will be great help financially in this context, they talk about the marshall plan, it is mentioned literally every day not only by ukrainian politicians, but also by foreign politicians. it seems to me that schultz spoke again today or yesterday about the need for a marshall plan in ukraine. it seems to me that there is it is interesting to think that if you simply calculate the monetary equivalent of the marshall plan for post-war europe, it was not very large . austria seems to have received the largest share at the time, and the calculation is again based on the then-current ovp, taking into account the exchange rate. well, we can say that ukraine already received marshallese-sized aid at the beginning of the war, even two or three are impossible, and what do you actually think about the marshal’s plan? well, it is also important for me to understand that our plan meant including, and maybe even primarily, the introduction of certain management practices that have already been developed in the united states, that is, for those european countries that have unified to a certain extent, that is, these very processes of public administration, and in the first part, if you transfer

the funds that were allocated according to the marshall plan , then after the second world war, transfer them to the current this means that ukraine then was talking about approximately uh, let's say two dashes three percent of the gdp of those countries that helped in our case, if we are talking about joining the european union's march plan, and we have many conducted analyzes on this matter and we are talking about approximately 5% of the gdp of these countries, that is, we are talking about funds much more than trillions of dollars, so the marshall plan of that time period is simply in modern terms, it was quite a large amount of funding, if we are talking about ukraine, then yes , indeed, the marshall plan is already being talked about on various platforms, and one is in warsaw, another one. by the way,

warsaw bratislava is the only such discussion platform there, another platform that is being discussed is, uh, uh, berlin, they are really very active there. they are discussing it is being discussed in the united states of america it is being discussed is it normal in kyiv i would say that as far as the marshall plan is concerned we have to solve two big equations with you the first year a system of equations on the whole system two big equations the first equation is how much money we need we are leading we can take them and the second equation to which programs should be directed. it is these funds under the program for the recovery of the ukrainian economy and not even the economy of ukraine, but the programs under the program for the recovery of ukraine, as regards i would divide the funds into two such parts, the first is what

we need right now, because what we receive from our allies is that you are an opportunity for us to maintain ourselves in such a good financial condition. for the war and despite the fact that the capital borrowing markets are closed for us. we will receive from our allies approximately 5 billion dollars a month and receive by the way, in most cases, it is not credit resources, but the second part is that what will we need to restore ukraine, where will we need to restore ukraine , do you remember the figures that 650 billion dollars are direct losses from the war, if we add indirect losses from chops to it, then it will be approximately one million dollars, that is, we are talking about the fact that we need such a plan c- sums, and these are five. by the way , the annual gdp that we earned with you and the gdp that we earned with you as a whole country in the previous year, in

the previous year, we received 200 billion dollars of gdp , so that it was simply a historical maximum, where will we take these funds, these funds should come from us from the 350 billion dollars of frozen assets of the russian federation of the central bank of their 150 billion dollars, which will either go there or are in the process of being identified, this is in russian nomenclature, eh, this is an additional 150 billion. that is, we are talking about 500 billion , there are two large international groups that are currently working on denderification and additional research of funds that were exported by the russian nomenclature starting in 2000 and these groups and these groups will transmit this information in an international response military stations and they will also be arrested where it will be possible to do this, this is one part of the money, the other part of the money is the funds that we will receive from our allies for the

restoration of ukraine, and there we are talking about funds from the european union and about the funds from the united states of america, that is, all this is what we plan to receive, because the economy will have to be restored quickly enough, it is absolutely about restoration, and i like the word new in this word, but i do not like the word restore as if he returned to something old, because let's be honest that ukraine on the eve of the war is a country that we would like to restore in the same form. sensei i would like to say that a lot of people today say about the same thing we have a super series of zaluzhny now in the armed forces i don't know a single person who would say that valery zaluzhny does not cope well with what he is or who is especially one of those people who are related to the armed forces, but there is also the opinion

that why don't we have such a valery hostage, for example, in the economy, isn't he needed there ? we are talking about recovery, the secretary of the national council of recovery is mr. hetmantsev, who recently quoted the minister of finance of louis xiv - this is what happens, we have to pluck the goose. i mean business . the secretary of this council means probably he, his opinions are divided just for me the question is good we will always hope that something will be restored to us do we still want to finally understand that we need a little yes to live for those geese a little to gain weight writes let me tell you well done because i support exactly the same opinion about what is not necessary when we talk about the

restoration of the restoration that you have to rebuild what you just had you have the opportunity now to make a really technical and technological leap if we are talking to you about those enterprises that were destroyed by the russian occupiers by the russian aggressor. if we are talking about a metallurgical enterprise that was destroyed, should it be built at the same level as it was before? no, it is not necessary, it is possible to restore these enterprises to restore these enterprises on the new technical and technological base, we have the opportunity to make such a qualitative leap , if we are talking about even our housing, which needs to be restored where it was destroyed, it can be built, eh, also using new technologies, eh, it can to be more economically efficient, it can be energy efficient, it can be much, much, much better there from the point of view of what

was previously destroyed, that is, even regardless of the fact that it is necessary to rebuild, it is necessary to rebuild at a new level. and by the way, president zelenskyi more than clearly articulated this during his meetings with international leaders regarding your experiences, what uh is half a minute, uh, regarding the reform council, after all, do not forget that you are talking about personalities, after all, do not forget that the function the secretary is the function of the secretary, the secretary does, and the hetman is the secretary of this commission. apart from him , all the ministers are represented. besides him , all the heads of the committees of the verkhovna rada are represented. the secretary is a function. that is, the secretary is not the secretary of your team, if the hetman will make you coffee there, then i am calm in principle, but i have begun to doubt something, okay and that is normal