well, in general, i will say that ukrainian cities are being shelled from their territory, there are no protests, there are any partisan movements there, but it is difficult to understand here. we must, we must understand that our subversive work can also be there, so to speak, ukrainian, and therefore the risks are huge, for example, i consider it more of a risk, not even possible a certain plan of putin not only to pull ukrainian troops into belarus in this direction, but also because lukashenko, with his hands, lukashenko can provoke some nato countries with which he has a border, he simply provoked to strike not so do something there and look at the reaction and it will not be putin's action, yes, belarus is a sovereign state with a member of the un, an absolutely normal independent state and see, for example, how nato will react to this, but for this he needs lukashenko to blur in ukraine here would

be all their further steps are based on the smearing of lukashenka, that is, roughly speaking, lukashenko as a leader of a country or as an authoritarian ruler of a country that does not have nuclear weapons, he is the next , that is, he is much more likely to go to dugagy than the same putin, and so i repeat once again , you understand lukashenko. he has not been to crimea until now. lukashenko did not recognize the dpr of the lpr, and this is probably already beginning to be conveyed to putin. well, that is, lukashenko can be used as a puppet for his own further escalation with nato countries, and indeed so here, including, including, yes, thank you very much oleksiy holobutsky for this conversation, a political technologist and actually an expert on belarus. thank you. what are we going to continue

? where is the electrical institute of socio-economic transformation, candidate of economic sciences, ilya, good day to you. good day. i wanted to say that we have data from the latest study that was conducted jointly with the innovation development center, the office for enterprise development and export . that in general it seems to be a good forecast because business activity seems to be recovering rapidly, in march there were 85% of businesses that were almost stopped, and now , in fact, there are the beginnings of enterprises that are completely stopped the work there is only uh there is there is only 50%. writes bohdan danylyshyn, this is probably good on the one hand, but does this indicate that the economy can recover and, despite the war, the economy

will definitely recover? why? because in the first months, the company did not know what would happen . there is a strong threat that your production enterprises will be destroyed, and there was also a mobilization of men and women at that moment, taking into account the situation together with children and not only went abroad or went to the west of ukraine in order to take out, say, children and directly move to a safer place, and as a result, in the first months, the company simply stopped in order to deal with the situation. what happened now, and the liberated part of the territory has been significantly destroyed. the fact that there are shellings, accordingly, the

business began to establish that the risk is already such that it can be assessed, that is, in other words, by shelling, for example, by tanks, bars, if you are far from the front, it will no longer be there, the missile has, accordingly, the risk always remains, but there is a warning, if you respond modernly, you can reduce these risks, in addition, it was necessary to supply products to stores so that, accordingly, people began to buy and the necessary provision fell, and therefore business gradually began to restore it, in addition to this a- and what happened logistically, who remembers exactly the first place, and there was a problem going to the same one to the west of ukraine through each one there, i don't know even 20 km, could there have been roadblocks on roadblocks there was, accordingly, a delay with transportation. that is, you had to stand for a long time. and in addition to this, your traditional delivery through sea ports was simply

impossible at that time, an alternative that was not mined was built, and ukrzaliznytsia also did not reconfigure its transport flows for the purpose of transporting products abroad and directly from there to ukraine and as a result, it still worked according to the schemes so far, that is, overall, this is normal, that is, our business is strong. we ukrainians are strong in that we do not expect help from the state, but independently we are making decisions, we are looking for ways to restore production, give people jobs and earn money accordingly, that is why coffee shops have been restored, volleyball businesses have been partially restored, partial work has been restored at other enterprises, and this is of course a positive issue. registered in ukraine , however, according to estimates by the international

labor organization, for example , about five million have lost their jobs due to the war in ukraine, and this is actually one in three of all were actually employed and these are obviously fantastic numbers like how does it work more precisely how does it how does it hit the economy when there is such a huge number of unemployed people and what can be done with it well here the first position is that 311,000 - this is the official what is the official level? the level is those people who applied for help to the state and were checked accordingly and granted. there were problems in the first months. went to the west of another country, went directly

abroad, they could have lost their job, but they simply had no opportunity to apply for such assistance. therefore, these figures regarding official unemployment are now absolutely false. in general, the demographic situation and the situation with the labor market are well undercover , problematic a-a why, because we have stopped quite large enterprises, they are either located in the entire territory or located in the shelling zone, which enterprise does not work. and besides , those enterprises that happened in corresponding mobilization and as a result of the labor shortage, people move to the west of the country in order to be there, they left abroad there, respectively. they will get a job, so the risks are great, but there is, again, i note the great help of the west in that ukrainians they go abroad because they will receive

help from the state there, they find work and they earn money there, and this is a big positive, they reduce social tension directly in ukraine, i am turning to you there was no certain nostalgia, well, with which to ukraine, only probably there for a period of a week for a week and a half, but i am asking you very much right now, you are needed right there, in the west, where you will receive help, where you are specially protected, where and, accordingly, in a safe place, and think about it you help the state by being there, that's why it's a big deal for us. well, it relieved the strain on our budget, or we just couldn't stand the social benefits anyway. and it would take at least another 100 billion to support all ukrainians who have lost their jobs and it is very good that the west is helping us in this context because it accepted our ukrainians there. well, i understand that they join

this call from the other side. well, if we talk about the fact that 5 million are abroad, there is also such an estimate of approximately million there, part of them returned and part of those who left are people eh let's say they are highly educated with good education and so on or well like us that is 12-15% of the population in general eh it's not enough that ukraine we understand very little bad demographics and they were getting worse only this well, it is definitely a huge threat, how to return these people in principle, yes, this is absolutely true , this threat is real. native language, and you are in the same

cultural environment. and you were in an environment that is clear to you, the rules of behavior and the rules to which you are accustomed, respectively, that people are forced to stay there. a person has lost his job, so he accordingly makes a decision to stay there for the time being and it is right, therefore , what should be done to correct the situation so that people return somewhere 80% returned in any case and one needs to focus attention on those for whom there is a certain risk, this is to ensure their housing is free of charge for a long time, a mortgage for 20 years for 30 years, but so that it is a minimal burden on their budget there abroad, they will not be able to buy housing for the time being, then this is, accordingly, the wages of creating a favorable business environment for workers so that they can find what they like, that they have the opportunity to earn money, social

support for those who give birth to children. yes, this is a very long-term perspective. that is, it is 20 years in order to restore our democratic breakthrough, which has been carried out, which will be appropriate now, but it must be done right now today, for example, a person who works and has a child does not have appropriate assistance from the state for up to three years, and then everything you are left alone, and in no country in the world is there such a shameful social lack of social support for people with children , therefore, in this context, it is necessary to change the legislation accordingly, to provide tax benefits , a person who works should accordingly pay much less taxes if he has a child than someone who does not have these children, support for those who are married is also necessary, because now the situation is just for show, the state encourages if a single mother, respectively, if there are no children well, this is absolutely unacceptable, therefore, in this

context, the policy must be changed housing, work, social support - these are the three rates based on which we will return ours. well, and the question what? well, we understand that the money emission will continue, we are talking about the fact that about half of the expenses are now covered by the receipts to the state budget, and that's but i agree here, mr. fursa told you about this what is it still not a bad indicator, we expected that it could be worse, nevertheless, it is obvious that the mission has spread, it continues and will continue. and does this mean that the hryvnia exchange rate will also fall? well, it is fixed at 29 there with pennies , that's the problem that it is fixed must have adaptive policy to the current situation, fixing the exchange rate at the beginning of the war was absolutely the right step and even within two or three months it is

difficult to say, but two months is absolutely grounded, now obtaining an exchange rate harms the economy, the budget will receive less than taxes, because, accordingly, some taxes are tied to exchange rate as well as from the implementation of the aid that comes from abroad, that is, you receive 1 billion dollars, you sell it, but you will receive social benefits in order to pay pensions in order to to finance the army, but you get uah 3-4 billion less, that is, reduce your respective opportunities further, then it sucks for exporters, exporters are now non-conference because of such a policy of the national bank of ukraine, it will want the importer , that is, domestic producers will lose due to the fact that importers have a low start, it is good that the numbers correspondingly, these tax benefits were canceled because it was generally a spacious nation of our economy and our domestic production, therefore the national bank now has to allow the hryvnia objectively not special and to establish a currency corridor

and 10% accordingly - this would be an absolutely correct step that would help everyone but he continued to make i believe that this is a business decision now it is a very strong harm to all all fully interested persons the only one who wins is the non-resident which for account of such an exchange rate, they have the opportunity to withdraw funds from ukraine at a more favorable exchange rate for themselves, this i consider unacceptable , this is the first point regarding inflation, again, you want to draw the funds accordingly, but you directly offer certificates of deposit under 23%. i believe that again this is a wrong step, you provide the opportunity to actually make alternative e-e investment tools for banks and for the population and who does not invest the indicator wait e-e the state why because it is actually not an exit, the state should raise rates because in we don't have much money anyway, and the national bank should not stimulate alternative investment instruments, therefore, in this case, the policy of the national bank has become absolutely wrong

, and it is precisely he who is forced to carry out this inflation emission, and then you provoke inflation with your policy. i believe that if he does not correct it, then in three months we will have inflation as a result of the monetary policy pursued by the national bank, he must correct it now. i warned in 2019 about the threat that is and then catastrophic in fact, there was a situation and well, sorry, they were rescuing, they were just putting out a fire, the national bank at the end of the 19th year in order to level this situation , and the cabinet minister resigned as a result of this, until now, in fact, the situation is the same, the national bank itself must correct its policy now this policy is absolutely wrong according to the ministry of finance. it is clear why he accordingly pursues such a policy. why exactly? well, for him, what is this for? the bell sells its bond, the paratrooper loans for half of them. the national bank has the funds to continue to

make pensions, social payments, and so on , that is it is not a problem for him, but it is a problem for the national park. the national bank, in order to correct its policy, advises the ministry of finance on which taxes to raise and which to lower. advises the cabinet of ministers advises the supreme he advises what laws should be passed, but he does nothing to correct his own policy, which is now a mistake. hmmm, we can still, er, there is a social factor. the social responsibility factor can be remembered there, the words of victor penzenyk. inflation is a tax that is impossible. to avoid maybe they just don't want to pass it on to the population. the national bank is now doing provoking inflation. it is provoking inflation as a result of the fact that it is actually forced to buy out domestic state loans. why? because no one else banks will not buy certificates of deposit of

23%. the population has deposits at 18%. who will buy an application for intrastate loans at 11%. this is me. it seems elementary. and here is the call that the ministry of finance should raise the interest rate on the upp. this is completely unfounded. why? because, excuse me. the state has a lot of money now. well, the national bank is speaking directly. by the company, i'm sorry, the loans are ready, nothing works in them anyway, so you can come to them and 30% to issue the same thing, he actually says the same thing in the film well, you are very rich there. let's not attract funds under 11-12%, or to attract funds under 20-30%. not only for one's own interests, one must think for the interests of the state, now it is clearly not balanced, the national bank has no right to dictate such conditions, uh, the

situation, and excuse me to raise 2.2500 to bribe everyone with your policy, which believes that it has press accordingly well, and you will get the appropriate result, thank you very much ilya ne schadovsky, er, an economist was with us well, meanwhile, we are moving on and nataliya pipa, people's deputy of ukraine , secretary of the committee on education, science and innovation, we are joined by mrs. natalya, and i'm glad to see good day glory to ukraine glory to the heroes i actually wanted to ask, we actually had such a conversation last time and we didn't finish it a bit, but i'll start a little from something else, if you allow, and then we'll return to our beloved to our beloved topics about tolstoyevsky as aptly and in his time, yevhen malanyuk called this this this this russian literature. okay, we will start about that from the

academic year, and there is a war, this is understood, we only today talked about what is actually breaking down, for example, the education of students in such a huge student university center of ukraine like kharkiv, and i don’t know if karazin university will be able to restore there, for example, and other higher educational institutions there in full operation, but on the other hand, what is being prepared, and not only universities, but also schools, will ukraine be able to return to offline education from september 1, at least partially where it is possible, in your position, is online education effective enough, two oppositions to the distribution of universities will probably start education on august 15, this should be in agreement with the decision of the rectorate and the cabinet of ministers ah, this is also within the framework of saving

electricity and gas, to be honest, because it will be a very big challenge for ukraine only when the temperature starts to decrease. and in general, there are a lot of risks that, in particular, the zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant can switch to russia and then 1/3 of the electricity ukraine will not have, these are the risks with which we are already working here, the main task of the front if we talk about the educational sphere. and this is a significant saving of electricity resources, accordingly, it is possible for institutions of higher education from september 1 all institutions of secondary education and well, kindergartens and preschools also work differently , respectively. now they have given the opportunity for the consideration of the cabinet to determine when training will begin, that is, in some regions it is possible to postpone it, taking into account whether hostilities or taking into account the state of energy resources. that is, what is happening now, moments of martial law

will be considered, although i will say right away that they have a lot of requests from schools that you give the opportunity to the territorial community itself, for example, to decide when it is optimal to start its education august 15, august 20 , september 1 yes, it is very often in the world, what exactly is a territorial community or some larger area, for example in germany - it is a federal state, in switzerland it is cantons, and in ukraine it could be determined when it is optimal to start it education also diversifies the risks now and the lines of september 1 alarms and so on that education can go differently in different schools, that is, in time, it will come out under martial law. training will begin on september 1 in live mode, and there are those who say no, we in ukraine will not go to school under any circumstances, because i feel calmer when anxiety and my child are at home, so i would be on

the spot. could learn offline live, but i would interview the students and parents in the place of each director and class teacher now, which form of education would be optimal for them and from that would determine how exactly to organize the educational process. but i can say that imon and all the departments took a course to give the possibility is offline but, of course, the question here is very big sheltering, there are not enough shelters in schools and if elementary school is taught online, in fact, well , it is impossible, then middle and high school, for example, could take turns, which could be from home which ones could be from the school and in this way adjust how much the bomb shelter fits, for example, that the school has 1,000 children, 300 elementary schools for them, the shelter is conditional for 700 people, then the middle and

senior schools walk alternately, that is, we put all of these possibilities into consideration teachers and the director because he thinks i agree with this that it is the director and peter who knows best both his students and his parents and his shelter and his opportunities this is roughly how training is offered and accordingly if you want to know how it will work your school, it is best to contact the director of your school, and actually returning to the school educational program when we talk about uh, where are the processes of russification, where are the processes of colonization, processes in the educational program that relate in particular to history and in particular to literature, primarily foreign. and what are the other necessary changes, the changes adopted by the working group, which i was a part of, also included leading specialists in ukraine, e-e, these are professors and candidates of sciences in

foreign literature, as well as practical teachers and the position was taken to exclude all russian and belarusian authors from the program for the state of war - over the time of the state of war, and then you can discuss who to return, not to return, on what conditions, with what idea. personally, i think that russian literature is not as great as they say about it and that it needs to be taught and that we need to be in the global world, even in the russian sense, because i think it is much better when pushkin is taught not by pushkin, but by mickiewicz byron, who is also a representative of the era of romanticism, and less is taught the same pushkin or less, or do they not teach dostoyevsky, what kind of moral choice do we see now on the face of someone who said that you can either be a murderer or, in fact , well, i understood this work in the 11th grade

. grandmother, because for us ukrainians this mental choice will be a victim or a murderer. they did not understand it, because we have always been from the time of the cossacks, more precisely from russia, which we still used to call kievan rus, this is the spirit of liberty and freedom, and accordingly, this is definitely not the moral choice that ukrainians set for themselves that's why my position is to exclude everything. there is a very interesting solution. according to gogol, what should be included in ukrainian literature ? i thought he was ukrainian , although unfortunately for my great unfortunately, he wrote in russian, and it is possible to submit it in an adapted translation, as we teach a frying pan, because skovoroda wrote a collection of morals and rights for every town, which he obeyed, and today we teach it as in every i'm not mistaken, he played with gogol and you know the truth. well, it's probably everyone whose name is

andriy. but like me, we all have a certain trauma with taras bulba. because my dad even wanted to call me ostap at first, but then they hesitated and with the same reasons, because it seems that andriy is a terribly nice character at the beginning, at least you root for him, plus everything, the romantic line is well written, and then you imagine that he is such a traitor , he did not want to be with russia, and so on. the potato is non-toxic for the child, that's actually the ending with which we know this story and, as far as i know, gogol was not allowed to publish a large print until he rewrote the ending, and he finally rewrote the ending, where the eyes were inserted with the permission of the st. petersburg censorship or whatever it was written on the title, with the ending that said we all have to go to russia well, to be honest, it seems to me that it should be for the consideration of experts and, above all, those who know it well in ukrainian literature

world literature on children's psychology and it should be some common balanced position that this work is worth knowing and studying because it is actually about the moral choice that many ukrainians have now made. childhood with an understanding of this. to be honest, i have grandparents from central ukraine, from chernihiv oblast and zhytomyr oblast, other knowledge and but in our family it was clear who russia is, but for many it is still not clear before this large-scale invasion, therefore, i think that it is necessary to study. but how , exactly, from which angle and from what perspective, psychologists should also communicate with writers. well , that is, it seems to me that there should definitely be some clear position for children so that they can explain it to them, and the same applies to -e of ukrainian literature. i'm not sure whether, for example, he is currently studying how schoolchildren study frank because i i remember that from what from my experience that it was

something terribly boring and he was some kind of almost communist there, not quite a communist, a little unfinished there here, but with all this, i don't know on the example of frankov until the big moment, is this poem currently in the school curriculum, for example, because it is simply a kiss on the cheek before this situation, and he and you will be able to quote something personally, i myself do not remember the name of such a poem. i just opened it now. but my wife actually once performed with him. well , but there are some very wonderful words for the big moment. be ready. each of you can become bohdan when the right time comes . build another weapon in moscow and set it up just fight the will and not the one in a hurry and there and so on and so on, that is, everyone thinks that you have a fortune of millions, that for the fate of millions you have to give you away, everyone thinks here in that place where i stand in the

fire weighs this is now the whole fate of a huge war - this is literally about us, this poem is just like his eternal example to the head. this is a fantastically correct understanding of what real patriotism is and how this school thing is lacking and that is like a show . not taught but if franko there are such in fact, everything always depends on the teacher, the program has a list of recommended literature, it is mandatory, but the interpretation actually depends on the teacher, this is both good and bad, because in principle, no one except the teacher and the student can assess how well or poorly the subject was taught yes, and good teachers actually knew how to present frank well. i had better teaching in one school. i studied in two. i studied in another worse. it really depended on the teacher, what he emphasized , whether he taught to think or he taught to perceive, but what franko and shevchenko perceived well,

i was still studying in the 90s according to the soviet cliché, that is, franko as a socialist, shevchenko as a struggler, as someone who fought against serfdom and not as someone who also fought intercity yes yes yes actually the weight of the teacher who at one time created germany and is very important i think for ukraine thank you very much ms. nataliya pipa for this conversation people's deputy of ukraine tatarka exactly the same to the committee on education, science and innovation thank you and well and we will go on a short break on this a few minutes naval forces of ukraine during their existence they had to go through a lot and now they exist not thanks to but in spite of all the trials they have to face especially hard now, however, from the first hours of the invasion, officers and sailors soldiers of the marine corps coast guard and maritime