britain is western europe, and they have a slightly different feeling, uh, we have a completely different one, but we belong to the hereditary europeans, by the way , here, emphasizing the political context, for example, it is clear that we find it strange how boris johnson is perceived by the british today us, but , for example, france and great britain do not perceive the european union, for example, poland was not perceived in the same way until when we talk about the orlyk constitution, i often hear that. in fact, i found a copy of the 2008 constitution of the moscow in the archives and here i often hear that this is an impossible project, friends, everything is feasible because there is one rule that history is written by the victors, if we had won then, we and the whole world would have recognized the constitution of the lesson of the first constitution . or signed in emigration and this is a glorious period of our history, first of all, the government in exile and what, uh,

you know the main thing, uh, they often say that it was unenforceable, that on sunday, but no, this is nonsense, friends, because in fact, pylyp orlyk, having adopted the constitution next year, he goes with his troops to the transfiguration of ukraine, goes out and enters hostilities on the right bank, and actually if he was there, if he himself acts in accordance with the agreement that he wrote, because in the constitution, it means an agreement between aristocrats and sichovs, that is, the constitution was in effect. and that is why today we have to say that the constitution there was a turning point, it was effective, which was defined in it for the first time in european law. hmm, the distribution of powers, judicial, executive, legislative - this is the basis of the three whales on which today's law actually exists and that's why we have to say that it all works, and here, specifically, when they brought the document on the recognition of independence from coffee, on november 11, the prime minister of

sweden was brought to the lesson. er, they don’t know how to research them or they don’t want our archive, you said about the moscow archive, it’s swedish, they are full , they are full, i apologize, even as a reason for the moscow archive, they are full of ukrainian documents, polish archives, austrian hungarian lithuanian there are a lot of documents in the history of ukraine, but today's realities suggest that , for example, a historian is better off being a historian of the 20th century, because he is invited on the air, he can talk to himself about the various parallels of the second world war, the first world war , about all possible actions and the like. those who research the ancient times of the middle school which and of course they are not invited they are given such grants and in the end they are not let's say so popular and therefore at the same time the history has reached p alexander i am just writing now

and he is a novel. well, i am also a writer, if in addition to the fact that he is a presenter, he is historical, well, there is his own story , such an artistic one. and there is a historical basis - this is the activity and life of count jan. not a historical novel well, they wrote a lot, but it’s to study all the moments, let’s say and you, when you study, let’s say the history of podillia, where it happened, and every castle, every village, who played there, what did he own, who was a guest of the scoliostrophe, who brought chandeliers, ordered from paris, what kind what a lady countess, and you understand how intertwined it is, how connected it is, and you understand that it is a kind of abyss that you can dive into and how much is interesting to study. a bestseller because people don't know this in principle. it seems to me that no one wants to do it. so you feel how delicious it is to research history, for example, it's a pity now that the majority here are fleeing the category of historians who do not

want to be in the archives, but if they are in the archives, then to read documents typed on a typewriter, and that is, not to learn other languages, because there you have to go to moscow to read cossack or moscow script by heart. what is even more difficult for some there is to learn latin or learn swedish german, and in fact, here you will encounter a huge problem. when a historian and they are professional, you know, they accumulate enormous knowledge with such incredible details, you know, the luxury when i find in the archives the fact that in the 1750s in nizhyn cossacks played billiards, for example, and you know, these are goodies often we cannot convey in texts other than scientific texts that are not easy to read, and indeed here we need to know these duplicity and historians need to be flexible and elastic in publishing both an economic product and a product, let's say for the consumer and for the

ukrainian because if historians do not publish this simple product in simple language, then it will be done by charlatans and that's why i thank you once again for what i said about my channel here and there because in fact i 'm talking about historical things such nuances that actually you won't hear anywhere, you won't find out anywhere, because it is in the plane of research of the specific loot of kyivan rus or the era there of the 18th century, and therefore, unfortunately, historians today. well, it is not elastic , and that is also a problem. youtube appeared on the pages of popular roman books, so we would probably know our history better, because note that even in the soviet union, the soviets gave the right to write historical novels to a select few, that is, no one could write something historical there without electing you as a specific person who will do it

although i will tell you that i read a lot in soviet times. well, i lived there for 80 years, mostly in the late 70s. and it will take, but here is yana. his novels are about vladimir the great svyatoslava is there , that is, for me, that’s all it was, well, in the ss, support for that, volodymyr malik, yes, pylny, really, you didn’t call him wonderful, wonderful historical novels, but it was there, that means already ivanychuk, then it was later , it was possible. that's why bo is important you know, aristovych said about a small ukrainian culture and a large russian one. i was also indignant about this , because our culture is not small, it's just that no one knows it. basically, it was like that. but if we talk about modernity, then we need to grow. to know well, this russian historian who tells russian history smartly, and he will tell another story, and he is a good historian. i am not saying that he is biased. yes, but, well, this is what

you need to know in order to beat him. kill akunin, who is written historically, and there were his tourist stories, he tells the story of fondorin's pro-hireship , and he shows this imperial russia, so that is, good novels are interesting, you read them, but it's imperial russia anyway. you always want this big story to fall on our heads like new ukraine, but it doesn't happen, you don't need to write in us for literally a minute and a half, i know it's so short, but for sure, i always ask who is putin and what is russia, that we will defeat it, what are its cons and i wanted you to tell me very briefly . but in essence, what should ukraine be in order to win in this historic and defining war? ukraine must be responsible. that is, we must understand that everyone must finally take responsibility and this responsibility begins with the commander- in-chief. to the last person who does not want to

see this war. but let the responsible person pay taxes, so today we are talking about the fact that we are not fighting against russia, we are fighting for ukraine, for the preservation of our statehood, our nation and together therefore, the victory of ukraine is for the return to the border on february 24, this is not a return to the 91st year, we must understand that history goes in circles and that this circle kyiv on the 22nd, kyiv on the 918th, baturyn on the 1708th year, all these destructions so that they are not repeated from by the same player of the russian federation by the russian empire. we need a certain solidarity mentality to disappear in this corner of europe in the form of the russian empire. therefore, we must fight until that time, that is, until we reach the border, and then the economic political political until new states are being formed while the russian empire, which disintegrates in 1917 and is conserved in the union in the federation until it alternately disintegrates, only then will we be able to achieve our

victory, but once again i say everyone is responsible for his own. that we are living in this time and maybe we will realize the dream of many ukrainians that russia as an aggressor will finally disappear oleksandr oferov ukrainian historian, radio host , public and political activist, researcher at the institute of history of ukraine in ukraine thank you very much, oleksandr, in the end, i will just say that it means that people write comments on youtube for the broadcast, here a man writes something about russia , so that now, at least in some form, your family from russia should have been friends. well, someone on him seems to be he says something else, he wouldn't be a hater, he doesn't bite the hand that feeds, that is, russia feeds people, you take out tons of grain, you steal toilets late, you steal metal, you are all in ukraine loans, who feeds whom, forget about what you say to someone, you want to feed yourself russians, thank you, dear viewers. this was a program of vasyl zima's world view. come with you tonight at 19:00. take care. watch

espresso. all the best. i congratulate you. dear tv viewers, now the rate of arrival of ukrainian refugees has decreased, they are not increasing as expected at the beginning of the war, but we are a product. i congratulate you . news of the economy during the war. i'm andriy yanitskyi. tv channel espresso today, wednesday, july 6. if you watch us on the internet, please like and comment. this way more people will see us. let's start with news from russia that are comforting for us, sanctions are in effect, since march, the export of russian gold has collapsed almost to zero. this was reported by analysts of the kyiv school of economics. last year , the aggressor country produced 346 tons of the precious metal . this made russia the second supplier of gold in the world after china. switzerland, great britain, however, bought the predominant blood metal .

right from the beginning of the war, they refused to trade in the bloody metal and refused to purchase it already in the usa, japan is next in line, canada, new zealand, it should be noted that the kremlin's income from the export of gold after the revenues from the sale of oil and gas, finance in russia sings romances. as they say, unicredit will no longer serve the russians. the italian bank is developing technology that will allow it to sell the russian division and leave the market of the aggressor country. however, after the end of the war, the finnish company plans to buy this company again. business back this is reported by the bloomberg agency, unicredit has already suffered losses in russia of almost 2 billion euros, the bank can be purchased by investors from china, turkey , or india, financial analysts note, and in in poland, the admission campaign for studying at universities starts in october. previously, most higher education institutions were scrupulous about the

level of knowledge of the polish language in foreign applicants, they demanded an apostille, a translation of a certificate , some even the results of the external examination this year to applicants from ukraine, especially a more loyal attitude. free of charge, our correspondent maria chernyakhivska from poland reports that polish universities have significantly increased the number of applicants from ukraine institutions also go to ukrainian graduates, how exactly are we going to find out andriy graduated from kyiv school this year and did not plan to enter a university abroad, but the situation in ukraine forced me to change my decision, i liked the first one here, good conditions, we are here, the price is adequate and for ukrainians, there are big discounts, the same, maria, for a long time i hesitated about studying in poland, but the war finally put an end to it, and already when

the full-scale invasion began, i realized that after all, i had to make a decision, and i had to go and to enter poland because i studied the language, but i still didn't hesitate. before, knowledge of the polish language was mandatory for admission to most higher education institutions. this year, polish universities made all possible concessions. but each institution has its own loyalty system, it can be free language courses exempt from payment, for example, for a dormitory, there may be a special such integration first semester where they will teach only the language, but these are such unique conditions , they are created by the university itself, it is not the centralized scheme of admission to a polish university in general is not centralized, as it looks like in ukraine, in one of the commercial universities, students from ukraine are offered to study for a whole year in the ukrainian language, all so that only those applicants who did not plan to study

at a polish university in advance could enter, about 100 people currently , we have already enrolled in this program for these studies at two faculties, it is e-management and international relations. we plan to create 120 places in each specialty, that is, about 240 places. we we are creating studies at the ukrainian faculty, it costs 4.5 thousand zlotys per semester, this is about 30,000 hryvnias, another polish university made a significant discount on studies for applicants from ukraine this year, exclusively for ukrainians, and here is such an indefinite support, they pay for polish-language study programs, they pay only half the cost a just as indefinitely, everyone can sign up and complete 200 hours. these are two months of polish language courses, intensive polish language courses, free studies with a ukrainian student here, it will cost half the cost of the first year is about seven hundred euros to enter state universities and study for free,

experts say that the right to education in poland is provided for by temporary protection for ukrainian citizens who crossed the border after february 24, that is, they received a pension number corresponding to our identification code, the code with the status of ukrainian, this protection protection is temporary and, accordingly, the state university and you could enter it at this time . this guard is for free, free education. well, of course, each university has its own the internal rules that regulate those moments, there is a competitive system, for example, there are ukrainians who are accepted at one or another faculty, the absence of applicants from ukraine in the results of the external examination or multitest this year may not be a concern, the vast majority of polish universities do not require these documents, they follow a separate procedure as children who have completed their studies in the educational system of another country, such children are not required to have either a matriculation certificate or a ukrainian secondary school entrance examination, the key is the level

of education received if there is a document confirming obtaining a complete general secondary education, this is the basis for admission to the university. the main thing that an applicant needs to have is a foreign passport and a certificate that proves that he has finished school. many universities refused even to translate these certificates due to the fact that if they have them, there are such is the moment in law if, when accepting you to study, a university employee understands what is written there, that is, he knows the ukrainian language, and the employee of the dean's office, who will serve students in the future, also knows the ukrainian language and can confirm e that this document is legal, even the translation of documents is not needed, therefore, when looking for an educational institution in poland, in the polish language, or high marks in the certificate, and the ability to search for information, study offers on university websites, and communication with the coordinators of educational institutions maria

chernyakhivska ihor antonyuk for tv channel espresso from warsaw, traditional in the middle, we have two guests at once today - they are analyst yevhen dubagrys, an associate expert of the analytical center of the case of ukraine and a financial analyst of the icu investment group mykhailo demkiv greetings, gentlemen, the expert is probably the main economic news. this week is a conference in lugano, switzerland, where experts from many countries discussed them. about a thousand people were there saying how ukraine will recover . more than 800 projects were presented there over 10 years, and 750 should come to ukraine billion dollars and it sounds very beautiful but is everything really like that rainbow let's uh, let's start well, i guess let's go with mr. mykhailo uh how do you evaluate this conference

well, i perceive it primarily as a political the obligation of the western countries to help in the development of the steady development of the recovery of ukraine, in principle, here it is worth saying that the amount of funds that was promised is a political obligation of the eu, if it was not directly wanted to say that the west is very cynical, very pragmatic, after all, the eu has values ​​that they adhere to and that is why they want to take part in the reconstruction of the country and, in fact, to finance it is a key issue, of course here is whether or not after the end of the war the conditional company nestlé disappeared

to build a factory, let's say, in the kharkiv region . if so, then all these multibillion-dollar investments can really come, and in principle, the leitmotif of this conference is based on the assumption that they are doing so. of course, the eu is also involved in this. certain curiosities interest in your company to participate in the reconstruction and plus the transfer of some productions from china to closer in all meanings of the word ukraine as they say to promise does not mean to get married so, yevgeny, will we receive this real money, maybe in a different amount how about you do you think and i think that we get in the coordinates of treason. we really like to have victories in them. this is definitely his victory. europe has at least proven that it is with us. there are disagreements in sumy.

for example, ukraine declared 750 billion of needs . now, according to bloomberg, the european commission is ready to allocate somewhere around 523 billion, but this it is not so important there, what is important is the movement itself. maybe they perceive us as a partner, we are accepted as a country that they really give an obligation to restore. well, let's ask and the question is how quickly the victory will happen how soon will this money arrive, because in addition to these large sums, we need it now to cover the needs of the budget for the armed forces, for social security, for education, we need money, of course, not in such a large amount, but we need it, and the main thing is that it should already be there now, and in overall, it was a very cool conference and the results. and what are the impressions of the people who were there directly at the negotiations? they say they really inspire and give us optimism that they

will help us in europe. there is another news that is quite loud, according to the sbu materials, the court arrested the shares and the property of the alcohol distributor rust bank forward, it turned out to be the bank of the russian businessman rustam tariko, the investigation established that part of the profits of these enterprises went to the preparation of the war against ukraine, as well as to the financing of russia's measures aimed at weakening our state. it seemed to me that there was something about this forward bank for a long time. it is known that it has russian owners, it was once called russian standard, yes, if i'm not mistaken, why did you come to it only now, come on, yevhen from you, we continue to look at us with the beginning of full-scale aggression. the national bank did such a good thing, it declared them

insolvent and immediately liquidated two banks with russian state owners, this is sberbank of russia, and the whole bank is about me, but it is only him left two banks that have russian owners , should be state-owned - this is forward bank, alpha bank well , because we are at war with russia, with the state, we are at war for ordinary russians, somehow there was such a logic, but we see that these are the banks of the great russian business is big, russian business exists because it was able to make some bridges, it was able to make some contacts with putin's regime, and that's why it is big and russian now. here are the cases that the sbu is opening there against the owners of these banks. there is no business in russia that is not related to the regime. well, if it is not a big bank, yes, relatively speaking, then alpha is systemic. as far as i know, it is important for the existence of the banking system of ukraine, so uh,

maybe that's why they haven't come for alpha yet. there is such a hidden story that clients are voting with their feet, we see that people are taking money from these banks because they know who their owners are. and this is just a natural process and a system for the system as such . how much of the all-ukrainian financial system is there? another bank will not have any significant influence at all, mr. mykhailo e, what will happen to the ukrainian banking market if, for example, these two banks disappear into alpha forwards, or will it continue to exist, of course the banking system is strong and it continues to exist, no matter what the fate of these two banks is, but i would be out of date because we do not have this odesa information about possible offenses in banks

, and i would also caution against excessive optimism in the press releases that are related to the banks, these assets, about which er, about which it was said, it sounds as if the funds will be transferred to the armed forces in the future, this also applies to the specified bank and the bank even before, although in fact, er, it is alive the amount of money that comes in comes without a budget, uh, from uh, there is uh, the rest of these uh there are no assets, in the best case, the property will be sold someday, the building will be sold, and then it will no longer go, the money will go in, but it is not a fact that you will go where during the war, this must be understood. so, i will remind you that the owner of this bank is forward rustam and rika, a russian billionaire, the owner and chairman of the council directors of a russian bank, russian standard, er, and he produces vodka brands such as russian standard made of flax, the brand parliament, cranes, so that you

know where the money comes from, yes. and probably the last topic for today that we will have time to analyze more in detail, these are claims on the world stock exchanges, we quite rarely actually talk about the world stock exchanges, but something is happening there quite actively, oil is falling, the price of oil is falling, the euro is rising, mr. yevgeny, let’s talk about you, have you observed any anomalies on the listed exchanges, especially anomalies that now there is either a drop in oil, which happens or a drop even by two or three percent, this is a lot on a global scale on the stock exchanges, but we understand that this is the situation in the world now, the turbulent world is entering the process and because of covid and because of this war, there are putin's actions, uh, restrictions on supplies, some uh, some nuances of payment, that's why we

have to get used to it. it seems to me that such valence now, well, it's just worth understanding what it is. affects ukraine, let's say it directly , mykhailo, what are you watching? i heard that something is also happening with the russian ruble at the auctions, is it getting stronger or weaker? in general , you can focus on that ruble, look at it. i think that it likes, uh, its rate is set artificially due to a large number of restrictions and it is hardly something that can affect the lives of ukrainians, but about the other two points i would like to talk more later to everyone this is a 9% drop in the price of oil literally just yesterday, this is a good signal well, it's a bad signal because the expectation of a recession in the united states, a decline in the economy and

a drop in demand for oil itself, but for ukrainian consumers it can be a plus if the price of oil goes even lower, it is delayed, and because oil is such a product, the price of which is very can walk very fast up and down and i hope that this will eventually lead to a decrease in the price of ukrainian fuel, not only because of the rules, but as for the euro , the situation is interesting as of the morning of february 24, the euro was worth the official rate of 33 hryvnias for 1 €. and in fact the hryvnia because it is tied to the dollar cut this time by 9%. also strengthened against the euro and the majority of currencies in the past, conditionally, we see that it was probably necessary to tie the hryvnia not to the dollar, but to the euro, since, in fact, the hryvnia is stronger than the absolute majority of all currencies except

dollar, to which it is tied, and this is certainly not very good, a very good moment, that is, it stimulates imports and is an additional argument regarding the transition to a floating exchange rate in ukraine, it is probably closer than it was previously thought, and yet we we are focused on europe and it would be logical if we somehow cooperated more with the euro and not with the dollar colleagues, i thank you very much for today's inclusion and explanation with us were the expert of the analytical center of the case of ukraine yevhen duborys and the financial analyst-investor - icu group - mykhailo smoke as usual on wednesdays hmmm thank you once again for such thorough explanations i have two automobile news from russia today will be all about volkswagen turning production in russia at the capacity of the gas plant in nizhny novgorod the

company reported that the situation is uncertain with the forecast further introduction of business in russia is impossible, most of the employees have already been offered to resign, experts note that the german car manufacturer is withdrawing from the market of the aggressor country due to the influence of eu sanctions, i will remind you that from may 25 they worked in the relationship between the oligarch and the owner of pegasus automobil oleg deripaska well, the volvo company announced the layoff of its employees in russia, the auto giant will reduce employees within a year, the swedish company assembled trucks at the plant in kaluga, now the company is idle, volvo cannot assemble cars in russia due to eu sanctions they do not allow you to purchase the necessary parts and the concern has not yet made a decision to completely withdraw from the russian market, but the reductions continue, what will happen to production capacities in the future currently unknown in general from the automobile industry in russia about three million people have already been laid off

which is actually not that bad about it today all watch the news of the economy during the war on weekdays at 8:00 in the morning and repeat at 11 in the evening i'm andrey yeniysky espresso tv channel together we will win a vera from washington program of the ukrainian service voice of america time i am yuliya yarmolenko greetings today we are talking about the course of the war, the prospects for negotiations and the likelihood of a protracted conflict, but let's start with the political crisis in great britain one of the most important partners of ukraine now over prime minister boris