espresso that shows actually this series. i really wanted this series to have such films made by vakhtang and drunk such companies made by taras khimich and other ukrainian documentarians who have made a huge amount of documentary films for this in the last 10 years to be shown on television maybe enough there are some arrestees or other idiots to watch on television, after all, it is extremely important for us to use this tool, the tool of television, in order to tell ukrainians why this war started without understanding history, we do not we will understand why the war started, you understand the stories, we will not understand why this war is so cruel, why do the russians behave this way and not in another way, a story where there are answers to a lot of these questions, eh, a volunteer, a volunteer, and now she is fighting for independence with a weapon in her hands lesya lytvynova, who used to be a director on television, in an interview with the press,

who actually gives a number of interviews dedicated to independence day and because this confrontation and struggle with russia for independence has been going on for six months, she said that once upon a time the director was filming a documentary project and was interviewed by a member of the audience who said that you did not understand these nations of independence, you did not fight for it, and again, yesterday on espresso there was a punk singer who mentioned the announcement of the vote for the act of independence and ... yacheslav chernylo then said that we still have a very long struggle ahead of us, there is nothing to be so happy about, because confrontation is also inevitable and in the end these words were prophetic, how to explain to ukrainians who may not want to think about the fact that this independence is not just not simple a holiday is something that needs to be defended uh and what's more , it's not something historians should do on something, i do

n't know, journalists, presenters uh, people who are immersed in history and what is it that each of us should do every day by our own example and it is daily work not just to raise the flag over the house, but to teach your child history so that he understands where the enemy is and how to oppose this enemy, in fact, our attempt to explain it is this film 10 days of independence, which on the one hand tells about those steps, about that great struggle what ukrainians was on august 24, 1991, and on the other hand, he talks about the fact that our struggle for freedom ended after august 24, 1991. two series are dedicated, one to the revolution of dignity, the other to the orange revolution. that is, this is evidence that our struggle for freedom continues, you know, and it is very symbolic that in particular the two guys with whom we worked on this film. this is my colleague, the historian volodymyr vinchak - this is mykhailo sputnik, who was

the producer of this film, now with weapons in their hands they are defending this independence, defending our freedom therefore, i am sure you know that it is possible even within the framework of our project 10 days of independence we will have to shoot with joy i will do it and invite everyone to cooperate again the 11th series about our final victory in this fight for our freedom and independence volodymyr and there is no feeling that when this project was conceived and when it was filmed, so that there was already a premonition, but this thought was probably pushed away from me about the imminent full-scale war of russia against ukraine, you know, in ukraine, the historian is a bit of a prophet, because on it's a pity ukraine - this is ukraine, we will learn history through movements and not allowed lessons of history repeat themselves very often, so in order to understand what awaits us, we need to look back into the past and as for me, for a historian, it was obvious that this war will happen after the war will happen that it will not be like this scale, and it is obvious that we had to prepare for them, and among

other things, rethinking our past and popularizing our history, this is also before the preparation for this war, because we perfectly understand what a huge role history plays in that war, how often vladimir putin is called to it, for him, history is not just, you know , the justification of some participants in the lessons of modern aggression; for him, history is a tool for reformatting ukrainians in order to turn them into the builders of the russian world that he needs, well, actually, this history is coming back again what are these attempts to invent a new trident out of your fingers? i'm just thinking that dmytro gurin is your colleague, a deputy from the faction, a servant of whose people i sympathize with lesya, but i voted for him i remember that. and i want to say that what did he actually write? listen, get off of it. from this creative agency. well, they

apologized , etc. they ordered the same logo of ukraine nau ukraine, which in fact resembles a porn hub, a well-known porn site, with the mark gay. well, you understand, okay, i 'm me, that's all. why can there be any young hipsters there? the order came, they thought it was cool somewhere they saw some american rapper showing this sign and thought it looks cool ukraine is the same it's also cool like yes yes ok cool i school the position of a minister does not mean that this person does not occupy his place because he does not understand in the context of this history and perhaps does not even like this history and perhaps does not yet consider himself fully involved in this history in this

culture well, here is my question. it is open and and his widow, by the way, i had the opportunity to ask this question just a couple of days ago also to a very famous ukrainian historian. i know that you sometimes argue , but very, very intelligently and publicly. when we have such people even in the positions of ministers, does this mean that the ukrainian nation is not yet fully formed and that we can form a nation at the beginning of the xxi century and not in the 19th, as everyone did everything well, first of all, regarding this agency i i also did not translate this into responsibility on the thread by the customer, and in this case, the key promoter of this strange idea is the ministry of culture, and it is obvious that the ministry of culture itself should bear political responsibility for this kind of process. what is happening now is the process of accelerating

the formation of the ukrainian national identity , the identification in the process of the formation of the ukrainian political nation, and this would be very well visible it would be very correct when state tools and state policy were used in these processes. unfortunately, we see that now there are a lot of these people who hold these or state positions. therefore, now i still have more hopes for the changes that are taking place at the level of the public at the level of civil society. it seems to me that they are precisely the guarantor of reversibility, but you the formation of the ukrainian political nation because we have already witnessed when we had an anti-ukrainian government, also mentioned today tabachnyk, we have witnessed when the government, thank god, played on the side of the ukrainian identity politics of ukrainian identity now we are witnesses when the government is mostly indifferent

to these issues and does not even understand their importance, but that did not prevent us in one way or another during these 30 and a half years from moving in the right direction of the formation of the ukrainian political nation, which formed some kind of concerts of ukrainian culture. i think that this is and it is extremely important and this is the path from which we have the right to go. there was someone someone who impressed you not the one who knew the history and then looked at this project again and said, well, i already knew it, it confirmed my knowledge, and the one for whom it was some kind of discovery and something to encourage a person to change his or her thoughts own visions view and actually among the audience, probably the majority of feedback is possible because these people were somehow more mobilized to write their feedback, these are people for

whom a lot of what we said was a discovery, this long path of struggle for independence was a discovery of certain aspects of this path, for example with of events connected with the carpathian country, which was then connected with the second world war and even more recent events of the 90s, that is, the key one, if you can recall, the feedback from our grateful audience was that and we we didn't even know this, but we didn't even know, on the one hand, it encourages us to continue working, it gives, adds to the question, on the other hand, you're doing a bit of a shame, because we didn't make this film in the late 90s, we made this film a year ago , that is, already to the 30th anniversary of independence well, but it's better late than never, that is, it will be reported, we will be busy, thank you very much volodymyr petrovych was with us and the host of the 10 days of independence project and now you will see the next series from this project. missed it

by the way, it is important. look if you want to watch other series. you can find them on youtube. teaches history. tell it to other relatives, adults and children . the alternative is that we did not exist as a nation, that we are nobody and we are not called anything, we did not exist and did not appear in the year 91. hello, my name is volodymyr vyatrovych, i am a historian and this is a project of 10 days of independence, why did 10 happen, so what is our way to freedom during the last 100 years have been winding. i believe that understanding the turning points on this path is our key to a common future, so i invite you to experience those historical events with me, to see them

through the eyes of the participants. for 800 years, the bells of the mykhailivskyi monastery rang the alarm, as in 1240 , when the mongol troops approached kyiv. that night was the first large-scale attempt to forcibly disperse the euromaidan protest action that at that time for almost a month, they

stormed the center of the capital at about 5 o'clock in the morning. a fun adventure, although the reasons that led to the protest were disappointing. on november 21, 2013, on the anniversary of the orange revolution, the azarov government canceled the signing of the association with the european union, apparently on the benefit of another union with russia since the beginning of his election, president viktor yanukovych purposefully limited the freedoms of citizens and increased ukraine's dependence on russia. his rule in 2010 began with the cancellation of the constitutional reform, giving himself much wider powers. in the

same year, he signed an agreement with russia in kharkiv that allowed the russians to leave its military contingent in crimea, having actually determined in advance the future annexation of the peninsula, in 2012 they adopted the so -called language law of kivalov kolisnichenko, which basically eliminated the status of the ukrainian language as the state language, this caused protests that lasted for about two months, and at the end of 2013, the rejection of european integration. to say that mass protests began in ukraine precisely for european integration is, let's say, covering the soul a little because the vast majority of people who went to on november 13 , we visited the european square demanding the signing of the association agreement. i never read the association agreement here. what did people come out for? people came out for certain values. at that time, it was it is clearly understood that there are two alternatives, there are european allies, a certain set of values,

not even like the constitution, and there is what was called the secret union, integration with russia as a certain other set of values, dear friends in social networks, spontaneously , first, a campaign to mobilize protest began in the journalistic environment, about a thousand protesters gathered on the independence square, picking himself up, as mustafa nayem wrote on facebook, tea, coffee, umbrellas and the good mood of activists, there were already many of these during the presidency yanukovych, nevertheless, the government reacted by instantly banning all mass events in the center of kyiv until january 7. the next day, i flew to kyiv from rome, where i had attended a conference on the holodomor, immediately went to the maidan. there were already several thousand protesters, including students, who advocated rapprochement with europe the mood of the protest reminded me

of the orange revolution, it is the atmosphere of a carnival, almost a holiday but unlike the orange maidan of 2004, the action looked very disorganized , chaos reigned here, there was a lack of opposition coordination the parties and their leaders tried to join the student protest, but they refused to trust the political leaders. the youth did not have it. it seems to me that at that time the politicians were not yet ready for any mass events. ahead and in general, november is the time of such idealistic hopes. and when the revolution of dignity was still inexplicable, it happened in december 13, after a week of protest, it became clear that these are not just rallies about european youth and of the parliamentary opposition, tens of thousands of ukrainians took to the streets on sunday, angered by the authorities' plans to

turn the country's course towards moscow, but yanukovych ignored the demands of the protesters and did not sign the association with the european union at the summit in freedom, what to do next. no one knew, and at this moment the authorities decided to demonstrate their strength november 2013 , on the night of saturday in the euromaidan tent city, there were not many protesters, about 400 uah, the protest gradually died down, the politicians preferred to wait for the presidential elections next year, the leaders students also announced the cancellation of the action around four in the morning, the square near the independence monument was surrounded by 2,000 soldiers of the berkut special forces , armed with rubber bands, an assault began, people were dragged out of their tents by a large body of lying men and women, the whole operation lasted 27 minutes, some of the students were able to break through the police ring and

rushed to training on mykhailivska street the berkut people pursued them all the way to the mykhailivskyi zlotoverho monastery, the beaten students were let in there by the monks and closed the gate in front of the persecutors, we do not know who they were advisers, and what passports did those advisers have who advised yanukovych to do this? it seems that one way or another he wanted to demonstrate his strength, being confident that he has it, and she is on his side, and to discourage the desire to stand up for something, in fact, we see similar things with worked in russia worked in belarus that night changed everything the orange maidan and the carnival of the velvet revolution ended in the morning the day of anger came on december 1 half a million people took to the streets of kyiv police who initially tried to stop the attempts to maidan nezalezhnosti simply retreated in front of the sea of ​​demonstrators in the central square of the capital

once again unfurled tents as was the case in 1990 during the student hunger strike on the granite and in 2004 during the orange revolution on the same day clashes took place under the presidential administration on the bank since the exit of hundreds thousands of people on the street, everything changed, it was no longer a speech for some european integration values, it was already a revolution in itself, the maidan is not a revolution, a revolution is what has been happening for the past 7.5 years the maidan became only the start of the start of this revolution , this revolution is simply an economic revolution, in its essence, a bourgeois revolution for a free market against a closed system, against the economy of privileges, against our barons oligarchs, this is a national liberation revolution, the end of the liberation struggles of the ukrainian people, which lasted the entire 20th century, that is, in essence, anti-government anti-imperialist revolution, which, of course, like all such revolutions, immediately turns into various independence and what was very aptly called the revolution of dignity, the revolution of values ​​is

a revolution of thinking, new thinking, new values ​​against the old, and that is why it is such a trinitarian character , and three main driving forces of this process are outlined, it is the middle class, entrepreneurs, the creative class, it is the ukrainian national conscious citizens , and it is the youth and students, the slogan glory to ukraine glory to heroes has become commonplace and even necessarily during the euromaidan, every speech began and ended with these words, this is how the maidan residents greeted each other, in fact, its history is quite old, it was born among the students of kharkiv independents at the beginning of the 20th century, then it spread among the soldiers of the ukrainian people's republic in the interwar period glory to ukraine became an official greeting among

ukrainian nationalists . the revival of the national movement, now it is the official form of greeting to the armed forces of ukraine, as well as the slogan of the football team, red and black flags, the slogan glory to the heroes and a huge number of other things to which we are used to now, this is actually about the spread of what was dreamed of by people who at one time marched under the flags and, er, proclaimed those slogans. that is, it means that our ukrainian national liberation revolution simply took the aesthetics of those who fought for the independence of ukraine before us a-a and it became generally accepted at the level of the whole country with this, during

euromatsev , on december 8, the so-called march of millions. the overthrow of the lenin monument was ambiguously perceived among the participants of the protest, despite all the efforts of berkut to protect the monument to the communist tyrant. by the way, here we can draw a historical parallel in 1917. the ukrainian revolution in kyiv also began with the overthrow of the monument to peter stolypin. it is difficult to remain a third-party narrator, because i had the honor of starting decommunization in ukraine, i am not involved in the overthrow of this particular monument to lenin, but that's enough for others, yes if we compare the events of euromaidan with mass protests in russia in 2011 or belarus in 2020, it is striking how differently

ukrainians and their neighbors reacted to the actions of special forces. there is a simple explanation for this. in fact, we had a long history of street confrontation and security forces. the first serious clashes between protesters and berkutu happened back in the summer of 1995 during the burial of the patriarch of the ukrainian autocephalous orthodox church volodymyr, the faithful wanted to bury their patriarch on the territory of sofia, but the authorities categorically opposed, in the end, the grave was chosen just under the closed gate, the clashes on march 9, 2001, the culmination of the ukraine without kuchma movement, were even more large-scale, the protesters tried to prevent the president, whom they considered responsible for the murder of the journalist heorhiy gongadze, to lay flowers at the shevchenko monument, then the violent actions suppressed hundreds of participants were arrested, it is necessary

to understand that the maidan of 13-14 years is not the first maidan and it is not the first big public speech, and further into the history, behind all this there are liberators the competition of the entire 20th century, that is, the willingness to defend one's right to life with violence is an important part of the revolutionary process, no matter how rude it sounds after the unsuccessful assault in december 2013. the authorities decided to simply ignore maidan yanukovych and his associates hoped that the minus temperatures and long winter holidays would eventually bring back the protesters went home for weeks, but the maidan did not disperse. dozens of high-ranking foreign politicians visited its stage and expressed their support for the protesters . new year's eve turned into a grandiose celebratory concert, but victory was still a long way off.

the unprecedented support of the euromaidans from the european union and the united states of america caused hysteria in the kremlin after unsuccessful attempts to disperse the maidan by force. 5 years before the event in kyiv, russia attacked georgia using the separatist movement in the two border regions of abkhazia and south ossetia, the real cause of the war was georgia's course nato's offensive, european integration, the west's sluggish reaction provoked the aggressor to repeat this scenario and in ukraine, draft law registration number 3587 on amendments to the criminal procedure code of ukraine regarding criminal proceedings in absentia to be adopted as a basis and in general, i ask people's deputies to vote for who is the chairman of the counting commission ? to announce the results of the

vote 235 for the decision was adopted the law was adopted meanwhile in kyiv in the war perseverance were the first to surrender to the authorities on january 16 about the presidential majority, led by the party of regions , passed a number of laws in parliament that were called dictatorial because they expanded the punitive powers of the presidential vertical and automatically outlawed all protesters. on january 19, during the great rally, the leaders of the political opposition were unable to propose an action plan that was supposed to stop the country's descent into dictatorship thousands of activists themselves went on the offensive against the police barricades on hrushevsky street, where the parliament is located, these were no longer clashes but real street battles, the maidan entered the phase of violent confrontation on january 22, the first deaths from gunshot wounds were belarusian mykhailo

genevskyi and a ukrainian of armenian origin, serhiy nigoyan, the point of return is not so much the first death on the maidan as the draconian laws on january 16, when everyone realized that the edge of the regime was directed directly against her, that these are not isolated cases, that this is a system and that every person is under attack. finally, on february 18, the headquarters of euromaidan, which consisted of a motley representation of various communities and political forces decided to hold the peaceful offensive campaign, according to the plan, the protesters were supposed to surround the parliament ,

block it and force the government to resign, but this plan failed. hundreds were wounded on the night of february 19. the authorities announced the start of an anti-terrorist operation , a new assault camp began, security forces set fire to the trade union building where the opposition headquarters was located and the hospital, the battles lasted for two nights and one day, and the climax came in the morning of february 20. when 48 protestors were killed on instytutska street by snipers and special forces, among the dead that day was my friend, with whom we walked the orange maidan together. bohdan sulchanyk , he was only 28. yanukovych through

international observers began negotiations with the leaders of the parliamentary opposition, it was agreed that early presidential elections would be held in the fall, but the people on the maidan did not accept this compromise 22 in february, a new round of confrontation was supposed to begin, but it did not begin at night. yanukovych and his close entourage fled to russia. their lives for freedom, but they did not become the last victims, because the struggle for the freedom of ukraine continued and after the victory of the revolution of dignity, it turned into an open war with russia

which continues to this day is our hundred years war with the aggressor which began after the first attempt of ukrainians to declare independence in 1918 and each subsequent attempt, each of the 10 days of independence is an important step towards our victory in this war, the realization that we have passed on this difficult path is a guarantee that we will overcome it in full, give us bottles , our flags, lead us into battle, the victor, through the glitter of swords and smoke and death and blood, until the resurrection

of our free people, may the blood accept you, happy national flag day of ukraine, february 24, the date that we were changed by the date that changed the world and now we are most interested in our victory when we defeat the enemy so as to predict the course of the war the saturday political club program returns to the espresso airwaves to help understand the events and predict the consequences that on saturdays vitaly portnikov and maria gurska will discuss the most relevant to draw appropriate conclusions if you want to know how what is happening today will affect our tomorrow, see the saturday political club that saturdays are not a stressor