in ukraine about ukrainians and this was reflected in principle, it started in that one-year-old article by putin about the fact that ukrainians are russians for one year, and here we see that he is wrong in his worldview, accordingly, he cannot set the right tasks for his generals and accordingly , he was convinced that kyiv would fall in three days . i had the not-so-great pleasure of communicating with the occupiers for a while, and one of them told me that they told us that it was all for three days. that in three days somehow not it came out today 6 months has already been going on what was supposed to last three days and obviously no one can say exactly how long it will last the key

moment putin was wrong because he has a completely distorted witness it has been going on for exactly six months this new russian terror is going on and now we can eh let's talk about whether it could have been prevented. could anyone in the world have influenced putin or did he abandon his plans? he wouldn't have been able to start a war only on one condition if , starting in 1991, ukraine had developed as a civilized country without those corrupt moments without weaknesses. what we had in us, we established ourselves as a civilized country, then, well, it would not be for russia to start

, and it is not only civilized, but also strong. militarily as well, and ukraine looked in the eyes of the world as weak internally, and russia very convincingly told the west that ukraine is a superpower and convinced the honors of the whole world so that you know this, supposedly the people who allegedly do not know how not to maintain the state to play with himself he was for the russian elite well, you know, a temptation that she could not overcome. by the way, oleksandr zinchenko is not just a historian, but the author of an extremely important, extremely important film, the collapse of how the ukrainians destroyed

the evil empire, this film is about the last days of the ussr, so from the other side, we understand that the ukrainians broke the estonians, lithuanians, latvians, georgians, armenians , azerbaijanis. that is, it was a collective decision, but the key moment was that it passed. well, almost without violence and almost without great bloodshed war on the territory of the soviet union. if, in the current situation, alexander, we should use soft power to help the peoples living in the russian empire to self-determine their future, we will not be able to help some people to self-determine, they can either do it themselves or they can't. we

can only show and talk about our toast, and actually what we are doing, that is, again such a collapse film as about ukrainians who destroyed the empire with lazio means only a fragment, the final part of a great, very long history, because it is necessary to clearly understand that the soviet union in the coordinate system of 1922, when it was created, it would not have been created if it were not for the resistance of the ukrainians, who proclaimed the ukrainian people's republic, and again, their statehood, and even the bolsheviks were forced. let's put it creatively to supply their already bolshevik ukrainian institutions with the name of the ukrainian people's republic, that is, instead of the central council, call the quasi-parliament of ukraine the verkhovna rada or again

the ukrainian people's republic is a safe account . and all these games are the names of secretariats and the ministry. it was all over again. here are the parts of this big game in order to convince a large part of ukrainians. look. we are creating for you such a mini quasi-statehood within the framework of of the soviet union, it will not be much different from what you created in the ukrainian people 's republic, and in principle many people believed it, again, we can remember that i have the experience of oleksandr dovzhenka, for example, what to write or others of famous people of that time. but again, as a result, the russian empire in the unitary form in which it existed until 1917. it was no longer able to be revived thanks to the existence of the ukrainian people's republic. again, if i recall another episode, i really love this episode .

which the lviv uprising is the last of the great goals of mountain online that led to the fact that there was a mountain system simply the soviet union could no longer control, that is, even ulah could not be controlled, accordingly, the system fell apart and when in 1956 khrushchev announced after the thaw, it was obviously not a revelation that came to him, this is the result of the struggle of ukrainians, first of all, in those big uh-uh vladivostok uprisings, that is, the bilsko norilsk uprising and so on and so on talk about the ukrainian helsinki group of the ukrainian union, since we have a living world that is a participant in these events, it was all a very long history of struggle, obviously we have to tell about this history, we have to tell about it in the tatar language in the bashkir language. we have to tell about it in the

russian language in order for er-er those er-er that notebook that we are so complex the complex experience we received could be needed could inspire a-a peoples of the modern russian federation oleksandr well, accordingly, a participant is a co-participant in the processes of peaceful disintegration, relative to the peaceful disintegration of the soviet union, of course, dissident myroslav marinovych, please share your vision, i would add to what mr. oleksandr said with his opinion that ukraine, er, waged this struggle for theirs, for theirs at the same time, it raises, as it were, a whole geopolitical stratum in the entire post-

soviet region, not to mention the east slavic space. the influence of this struggle , and that is why poland and the baltic countries and the czech republic and slovakia instinctively help ukraine today because they understand that if ukraine falls, the stage of this non-violent, non- violent transformation will end and kryvava will begin history the russian empire will try to restore its influence, which it had, maybe even more than it had, that's why ukraine

today, you know, it's like a matryoshka doll, it's like it 's shedding layers of various enslavement on different levels and are trying to break out of this er geopolitical er geopolitical trap . er, this matryoshka, er, the empire can fall apart right now, mr. oleksandr. i think that this is precisely one of the functions of ukraine for ukrainians in order to prepare the world for the idea that empires

are falling apart, isn't it painful, that is, when the austrian empire was falling apart again the austro-hungarian empire, uh, it fell apart, didn't uh, let's say so, uh, it provoked internal events of its time, let's talk about the first world war like that, but it fell apart as a result of the first world war itself. and after the austro-hungarian empire collapsed died on his own, that is, it sometimes happens that the collapse of empires is a guarantee of peace. another question and a key question. how to do it so that it does not appear on sentiment, so that there are no desires and redems for the return of some lands that have disappeared. this

empire is being reborn . will claim that this is a bigger problem and a bigger task is to make it so that , well, again, we will not affect, most likely, those processes that have already been launched, which will be internal economic, national, political processes in the russian federation, that is, we do not control these processes we can influence them, we helped launch the orange revolution in 2004 and in our euromaidan in 2013-14, but then it already followed scenarios completely beyond our control, but here is how to communicate and what scenarios to propose for the russian federation, which will begin disintegrate after 24-25 years, and most

likely. until 2032, we will not see the russian federation in the borders of which it currently exists. recovery for revival, here we can talk about this with a whole lot of snow, because we have a certain and positive negative experience. thank you very much, gentlemen, unfortunately , the information and analytical marathon requires us to go further once again. we sincerely congratulate you on independence day and thank you for what you did to strengthen it . oleksandr zinchenko, historian, and myroslav marinovych, dissident, vice-rector of the ukrainian catholic university, former prisoner of soviet concentration camps, worked now live on the espresso tv channel, we have for this intellectual

the landing party on our airwaves depends on such people, this is the same passionate minority that always derails our country. our country went through to form itself as a separate european state, these are 10 episodes of 10 key historical events for our country - this is the period from 1918 to today, the host of this program is historian volodymyr vyatrovych, you all know him well. together with the center for research of the liberation movement for the support of the ukrainian cultural fund, let 's see together a-a-a -a-a-a

hello, my name is volodymyr petrovych and this is the project of 10 days of independence, why 10 our path to freedom for a hundred years was drawn and i believe that understanding the turning points on this path is our key to a common future, so i invite you to experience these historical events with me, to see them through the eyes of the participants. it was an experience. it was a cool saturday morning . there was only a week left until the end of summer. it was cloudy, but it rained. and did not fall, kyiv lived an ordinary life, the kyiv

newspapers of that day wrote about new fines for violating traffic rules, soviet ukraine submitted an article about the quote, definitely amateur singing of marichka burma, who just won at the chervona ruta festival, and not a single hint about why this day went down in history so, august 24, 1991 began as an ordinary morning and ended with an epoch-making event in the modern ukrainian history of the aspirations of ukrainians during a whole century, and perhaps even centuries of struggle, sometimes bloody and hopeless, probably precisely because of this and on against such a historical background, it sometimes seems to us that independence itself fell into the hands of ukrainians, that the events of august 24, 1991 were a coincidence, but you

will see that this coincidence was not accidental, but the very chance that fell in ukraine 30 years ago, and luckily the politicians of that time had to take advantage there was enough strength and determination for this, one of them was yaroslav kendr. and the most important thing was that we were interested in whether all the representatives of the people's council would be able to convince the faction of red communists, because it was not a simple faction, it was all of us the bolshevik elite of the time, the entire ukrainian politburo of the communist party of ukraine, the first 2-3 secretaries of the city and brother committees, and so on. and with those people, we had to convince them for the whole day of the 24th, starting at nine o'clock in the morning, that there was no other way out for us. at 9:00 a.m.,

people are gathering near the verkhovna rada. in fact, at that time, large mass gatherings were already a common phenomenon. thousands of rallies in the galician regions where the local government completely passed into the hands of former dissidents. miner's strikes chain unity and, of course, student hunger strikes, a revolution on the granite, although the moscow authorities declared a state of emergency, which prohibited any mass actions from the first day of the state of emergency, rallies began to gather in kyiv under blue and yellow flags and calls for ukraine's exit from the ussr. as leonid makarovych kravchuk said in his speeches on the radio and then on television that everything is normal here, it is quiet, there is nothing to gather people here, milkmaids are milking cows, reapers are harvesting and so on, that is, the rhythm

of life in ukraine has supposedly not changed, but already on the 20th, already on the maidan of the then october revolution, now the maidan of independence, the people have already started to gather when they say that independence came to ukraine by accident, they said that the kchp was wet, and let’s guess a simple question. the planned signing of a new union treaty with broader rights for the republics, gorbachev, who acted as the initiator, had high hopes that in this way it would be possible to stop the centrifugal movements and preserve the union, but on the eve of the signing day, already it was obvious that there would be no new treaty. the position of the baltic republics, which had already declared independence at that time, was not a

surprise for moscow. in january 1991, gorbachev resorted to military intervention in lithuania in order to force the lithuanians to remain in the union with the help of the army, but without success on the 11th on january 13, three deputies from the people's council, mykhailo horyn, larisa, larisa skoryk , and i left for vilnius the day before, and we saw with our own eyes what moscow was doing to the residents of the lithuanian capital, come on, come on, come on, come on, come on, come on hands and understood that, god forbid, something like this could happen in ukraine too, because we knew very well the habits of moscow and its methods of appeasement, but

the key republic for the preservation of the ussr was not lithuania, but ukraine, the largest union republic, one of the three brothers of the peoples of the mythology of the elder brother , it was kyiv's refusal to come to the suburbs of moscow for a new ogariva for the solemn re-establishment of the union that put an end to the plans to preserve the empire, the understanding of this pushed the aging kremlin bosses even to a desperate attempt to stop the historical processes over which they no longer had power, but you know it's easy to ascertain. this is today, and at that time the finale of this geopolitical drama had not yet been written. so the ballet and the statements of the coup participants were broadcast on television. tanks appeared on the streets of moscow. and here, the commander-in-chief of the ground forces, general varennikov, was urgently dispatched to kyiv. he had to persuade the head of the verkhovna rada and member of the central committee of the communist party

leonid kravchuk to support the coup and declare a state of emergency, in particular in three galician regions, met varennikov in kyiv and promised the full support of the commander of the kyiv military district viktor chechevato larisa skoryk asks him if this information is true that there are military units from all corners of the soviet union somewhere close to kyiv and that 36 or 37 planes landed in boryspil he said that no three not 37 24 planes seem to be there, why did they arrive before that, the ukrainian communists, led by first secretary gurenko, supported the cpsu, but the majority, together with the speaker of the parliament kravchuk, took a cautious position on the demand varennikova kravchuk appeared on ukrainian television, but not with the support of the communist party of ukraine, but with calls

to prepare for the winter season, so i urge you, dear comrades, to calm down, well, in ukraine , a state of emergency has not been declared, the situation in moscow is generally stable, events unfolded at lightning speed, and time dragged on in kyiv already on august 21 it is clear that the coup suffocated , general varennikov, who returned to moscow, was arrested along with other hekachipists throughout ukraine, the communists destroyed party documentation fearing reprisals, a representative of the place the very idea of ​​independence at a meeting of the people's council took place on the 20th, that is, on the second day after the national assembly in the premises of the union of writers, this idea was first heard from the mouth of levka lukyaninka, our goal in the

verkhovna rada is to force the verkhovna rada itself to stand on the sharp position of condemning those conspirators and continuing to work for the expansion of our sovereignty means in this regard it is possible that, depending on the decision of the verkhovna rada, the question of whether the verkhovna rada adopted the law on the withdrawal of ukraine from the soviet union and was the seventh republic to announce its withdrawal from the soviet union when on august 24 the deputies from the democratic opposition entered the hall with copies of the act of declaration of independence printed at night. it was the right moment to obtain a positive result let me explain why the democratic opposition had only 125 mandates, a little less than a third of the votes, the rest belonged to the communists, most of them follow the first secretary of the communist party of ukraine, stanislav goryenko, they supported

the communist party of ukraine found itself in a difficult situation because the rebels in moscow had already been arrested at that time, the ukrainian communists were afraid on the one hand of the new russian leaders boris yeltsin and his associates, and on the other - the streets that were seething and demanding lustration for the company, meanwhile the opposition had already agreed on a text the issue of the declaration of independence was only in the queue for voting on the agenda, and then suddenly the national democrats hesitated and put forward the idea that if we were the first to vote on the declaration of independence the company will remain, we hand independence to the communists. here is a sheet from levko lukyanenko's notebook, the first draft - the most important document in the history of ukraine, but look carefully at the crossed-out sentences, they speak about the

essence of the debate that arose in the democratic state of lukyanenko, who in the democratic opposition represented the dissident the more radical wing , initially insisting that with this act, ukraine does not declare independence, but restores the ukrainian people's republic, therefore even the first title of the draft is not an act, but a universal one, that is what the decrees of the central council were called the wording emphasized that the entire soviet period was nothing more than a bolshevik occupation. but would the communists in the hall agree to such a wording? it was already six o'clock in the evening when the council finally came to a vote to read the text of the act. its author, levko lukyanenko, had a small curiosity, but this piece of paper did not . volodymyr yavorivskyi read this text from the tribune, but then the text was already official, so to speak, and leonid makarovych kravchuk announced it

based on the imminent mortal danger over ukraine in connection with the coup d'état in the ussr on august 19, 1991, continuing the thousand-year tradition of state-building in ukraine, based on the nation's right to self-determination provided for by the un charter and other international legal documents, making a declaration on the state sovereignty of ukraine, the verkhovna rada of the ussr solemnly proclaims the independence of ukraine and the creation of an independent ukrainian state of ukraine, the territory of ukraine is indivisible and inviolable, exceptions to the territory of ukraine are valid exclusively the constitution and laws of ukraine, this act enters into force from the moment of its approval, i ask you to vote. voting begins. the number 346 for 3

40 is displayed on the scoreboard. it was a dramatic moment in the hall. there was such euphoria . an independent state and the ukrainian ssr no longer exists . on the same day, the flag of ukraine was brought into the session hall for the first time,

except for the deputies , and vladimir lenin watched this historic event, his figure was enough simply for the father of the bolshevik leader on the podium it was removed only a week after the declaration of independence, at the same time it turned out that the five-meter forest was not made of marble, but of cardboard, what the hell. and only on the 10th day of independence , a blue-yellow flag finally flew over the verkhovna rada, but even here it was not without a strange incident that caused a wave of indignation among the people who gathered under the parliament on the spire of the verkhovna rada building, first they raised two national flags and the flag of the ussr , this is what i think to myself. the state is a little bit ukrainian, a little bit more soviet, a little bit

, everything is kind of indeterminate, this is such a mess around that symbol, when it was raised, um, uh, this double flag, well, but such is our fate, such and such, we stand, history sends and demonstrates to us, on august 24, 1991, ukraine became independent state, but the struggle of ukrainians for freedom is not over.

may god grant us to love ukraine above all else today, so that we don't have to love bitterly after losing vyacheslav chornovil. happy independence day, we will defeat the enemy. we dreamed of capturing ukraine in three days and