the people are getting a message, the head of the region reminded that it is important not to ignore the air warning signals and to follow the safety rules. well, i will remind you that last night the sounds of explosions were heard in the vyshgorod district of the kyiv region. at 7:50 a.m. , it became known that the lesson fired rockets at one of the gravmats of the vyshgorod district. no one was injured in the destruction . no, thank god, we still have news, more operational information will be added to you on eva melnyk, she is already ready to tell you about everything that has been collected from the information expressed, eva, congratulations to you a word, thank you, colleagues, congratulations, i will tell you about the most important thing together with the news editors, in particular, about the fact that lukashenko will be responsible for supporting aggression , the us embassy in belarus announced this, and this issue is the initial situation in zaporizhzhia, unfortunately , there are dead and wounded russians under

fire in the zaporizhzhia region of another massive the city of orihiv and surrounding settlements were hit. this was reported by the head of zaporizhzhia ova, oleksandr, an old man was killed by enemy fire, a 17-year-old boy was seriously wounded, he died on the way to the hospital, another woman from the village of preobrazhenka was seriously injured. the russians used artillery and shelled for several hours . dozens of private houses were destroyed. the headquarters of the occupiers were blown up. connected with preparations for the pseudo-referendum will be destroyed on the spot, it was in priazovskoye that the invaders prepared for the vote and issued russian passports as a result -1 district where

the collaborators will keep away from the pseudo-referendum as much as possible, summed up the felt in the temporarily occupied melitopol, the heating season will not last more than a month in the city, there is no gas, so the authorities are expecting a new wave of evacuations. this was reported by the mayor of the city , ivan fedorov, in addition, the russian invaders are trying to start the schools, but they cannot recruit enough students because this scares parents with fines and deprivation of parental rights, at the same time the ukrainian authorities are ready to ensure the educational process of local schoolchildren with the help of distance learning, says fedorov, meanwhile, the pressure on the residents of melitopol is increasing, the russians are carrying out total sweeps and filtering, on the other hand, the partisan movement in the city does not stop

. there is no clear date for the holding of these referendums on the fact that in the occupied part of the zaporizhzhia region there are no detailed plans that would have a specific date for the purpose of holding this pseudo-referendum of the army, the city was completely left without electricity and water. this was reported by the mayor of energodar, dmytro orlov. according to him, they are currently investigating how critical the situation is and whether it can be corrected in the near future.

the occupiers again hit the s300 anti-aircraft missile system, several private houses and commercial buildings were damaged in the oleksandrivka area the russians attacked from a k-52 helicopter, there were no casualties from heavy artillery, they shelled nikopol in the black sea, 12 ships and boats of the enemy group are maneuvering near the crimea , four enemy carriers are on alert with 20 caliber missiles, the threat of a missile attack, so to speak, from the air is quite high, not excluded from the use of coastal missile systems, multiple rocket fire systems in the mykolaiv kherson and kryvyi rih directions are also quite likely to be used by the enemy to attack our positions and of peaceful settlements, the russian occupiers continue to terrorize the civilian population of kharkiv region today they shelled the village of labyazhe in the chogoiv

district, a 62-year-old man was killed, the head of ova oleg sinogubov said, an enemy projectile hit a residential building, the victim's wife was injured and was hospitalized. in the zhytomyr region, the estate of the groholsky tereshchenkos, despite its external neglect, still attracts tourists , the castle has more than 150 years of history, several for years, its further fate is being decided in the courts, because the building is owned by a religious community, and the prosecutor's office is trying to return it to the state from inevitable destruction. village history teacher taras

konovalov undertook to save the castle. these two coats of arms mean that when adolf groholsky marries wanda radziv they build this estate and there were several of these buttons on his clothes and several on hers on his clothes, taras konovalov shows the original buttons of the founders of the groholsky castle. they were found in a nearby village. in 2018, the boy began to conduct tours for tourists here as a volunteer . he says that he has been fascinated by the estate since childhood and is interested in its history. remember that it was these polish nobles who built the estate, later it was bought by tereshchenka sugar growers, patrons, industrialists in the walls of the castle. at that time, secular life was raging, proof of that. theater hall, and already in soviet times the palace was simply destroyed in the world war, there was a nazi base here, there is information about the germans retreating

and the soviet army accordingly advancing, the third expert managed to build even more buildings, the current appearance of the castle is not the same as it was under the tereshchenkos, the soviet authorities rebuilt it into a school - the guide assumes that thanks to this the estate was preserved to this day, because then they carried out a restoration. almost without deviations from the original in 1997, the school was liquidated or, the boy tells the story, it was looted already in the early 2000s. the request of a religious organization formalized its ownership right to the estate since then here is a nunnery we are a public organization red tourism in the 21st year we carried out conservation we again carried out conservation of the most problematic parts we agreed the monastery gave us a tin we bought a little according to the gestures, a brigade was hired from zhytomyr

and we covered the most problematic parts that appeared. taras says that he is repairing the abandoned roof so that water does not flow through the holes onto the walls. what is the palace? it is standing, we hope that it will be restored in a few years. we will bring our children here and everything will be very restored here. it is very beautiful. it is restored. on the crowdfunding platform, the guy manages to raise certain funds. in addition, he conducts live and online tours, but it makes no sense to invest money beyond the roof. the estate is under the courts, the prosecutor's office started an investigation after publication in the mass media that the religious community apparently wants to sell the historic building, after studying the documents, they appealed to the court about invalidation of agreements regarding the transfer of the specified estate, e-e, religious organizations, recognition of the illegality of the decision on the issuance of the

certificate of ownership, the invalidation of the certificate and the claim of the specified estate in favor of the state, the court of first instance refused to grant the claim, and the other day, the appeal was also rejected, the residents of the red area say to keep it the estate is important, the tereshchenki family has done a lot for the country and the village, in particular, hospitals, schools, and parks, which the tereshchenki left to us for the sake of memory we must preserve them first of all, we will draw attention to red, we will develop tourism, guid enthusiasts met near the castle with the descendants of the tereshchenkos and the groholskys, the latter are also interested in preserving the ancestral nest of yulia synelnikov vitaly synelnikov and zhytomyrschyna for the espresso tv channel air defense battery, ammunition and armored

cars spain sent ukraine another party of military support this was reported in the ministry of defense of the country, the aid cargo includes about 20 armored vehicles and 75 pallets of ammunition for field artillery and a full air defense battery, spain will also provide a thousand tons of diesel fuel worth approximately 2.5 million euros. and for september, in addition to weapons, the spanish authorities have prepared a shipment of 30,000 units of winter military uniforms. lukashenko will be responsible for supporting aggression against ukraine. the united states will attract the belarusian dictator to responsibility for supporting russia's full-scale war against ukraine. this was stated by american diplomats at the us embassy in belarus during an address on ukraine's independence day pointed out the focus of the lukashenka regime exclusively

on preserving power undermined the sovereignty of belarus and put the territory of ukraine, its airspace and infrastructure at the service of the military needs of russia, this was the news at the moment, see you at 16:00, and read about important events on our espresso tv website as well subscribe to our youtube channels, telegram, instagram, twitter, like, stay close to the espresso news tv channel and espresso euro programs for ukrainian refugees in europe joint broadcast with the atf channel, programs of radio svoboda , time-time programs of the voice of america, the inclusion of public television journalists, news broadcasts of bbc news ukraine and franz 24, as well as the broadcast

of the information marathon, the only news, together we are the strength, glory to ukraine, wild creatures are not able to choose anything else and we in ukraine love choose everything even if it is insurance on hotline finance hotline finance insurance of course online see this week in the program judicial control call a friend or how circular surety works in competitions to authorities of the judiciary, a decent, intelligent, young, talented specialist, how the new composition of the supreme council of justice is formed, we call it judicial clans and they act according to the principle and a master class of the

judicial character of a candidate for the supreme council of justice, how to get a lexus and an apartment as a gift, watch the program on thursday, august 25 at 5:50 p.m. judicial control with tetyana shustrova on the espresso tv channel in the cockpits of airplanes behind the monitors of radar stations at the control points of anti-aircraft missile systems at thousands of combat positions throughout the territory of our country, they are every day approaching victory. glory to the air force of the armed forces of ukraine. watch this week's program judicial control, call a friend or how circular bail works in competitions for judicial authorities, for the first time, this is just a decent , intelligent young talented specialist, how the new composition of the supreme council of justice is formed and

they act for principle and a master class on the judicial behavior of a candidate for the supreme council of justice, how to get a lexus and an apartment as a gift, see on thursday, august 25 at 5:50 p.m. the judicial control program with tatyana shustrova on on the espresso tv channel, the goal will be in 25 20 it will be 15 10 i want to expel this belonging from our land 5 3 2 1 fire good day we continue broadcasting on espresso thank you for being with us and continuing to support the ukrainian view of the world now with us it is extremely

important because it and there is resistance we continue with me now mustard rent will join my name is anna valevska and today is august 25, august 1996 you know what happened to chicherina you must remember i may not remember president leonid kuchma signs a decree on monetary reform in in ukraine, the goal of monetary reform in ukraine is to give an independent country. that is, consider our own currency , it was not immediately after gaining independence, how much was the dollar worth then, in which 96-kupo, i don't remember, and paper ones were cut out in the soviet union, and then they were like money, which were similar, but do you know how much the dollar was worth in 1996, when the hryvnia was introduced how much is 1 hryvnia 70 kopecks oh, and now let's watch a story about our currency, about its history, and then we will discuss august 25, 1996, president leonid kuchma

signs a decree on monetary reform in ukraine, its goal is to give an independent country its own currency , they wanted to introduce the hryvnia in the summer of 1992, but due to chaos in the economy and hyperinflation of more than a thousand percent, the decision was repeatedly postponed a week after the decree for new money, all prices, tariffs, salaries were recalculated, the third the president of ukraine viktor yushchenko, who headed the national bank in those years, recalled that everything was done as carefully as possible so as not to scare people if people did not trust us on the first day of the reform. we are on the second the day of the reform, the inflation rate will be below 300%. we did not have a commodity mass to cover the non-liquid money that we had, fortunately there was no panic, people calmly stood

in line to exchange rapidly depreciated coupon coins for brand new banknotes printed in canada and britain by their mint in ukraine, then the mood was not very good a lot of money happened to change as much as 470,000 and it will be a lot and 4.75 is worried because we have spare money, so i will worry about this from september 17 in 1996, the hryvnia became the only legal monetary unit of ukraine, the new currency performed not only the economic function of bills with portraits of the heroes of ukrainian history, the kiev princes and cossack hetmans returned to ukrainians their forbidden past, particularly acutely conservative forces then accepted the portrait of ivan mazepa on 10 hryvnias , today it is already the fourth generation in circulation 200,500

and 1,000 hryvnia denominations were added to the ukrainian currency due to rapid inflation, then in september 1996 the dollar was officially worth 1 hryvnia 76 kopecks, now the official rate of the national bank is more than 20 times higher, it fell to 6 kopecks, 1 uah, 76 kopecks in dollars, do you remember how many people there were, what kind of coupons were there, and then after the reform, it all turned into candy bars. but no, no, in my opinion, there were no restrictions during the limited was it possible to exchange it all, well, now we are still to the left of vushlynskyi, we will ask our next expert, but as far as i remember , there were no restrictions when exchanging coupons for hryvnias. well , because i simply did not have many coupons, that is why i did not save. strategies gleb vyshlinsky fruit, you are welcome. i congratulate you. in my opinion, there were no restrictions on the hryvnia exchange either, although it was a funny story. at that time, i worked as a financial journalist and managed to take

a vacation right before the announcement of the monetary reform and missed all the most interesting things, but still how do you remember how this monetary reform took place already in independent ukraine and why it was not carried out immediately after gaining independence, after all, for how many five years? so we did not have our own currency and what can we say about you know the independent ukrainian currency and strength, in fact, these were such very good lessons that should be remembered now. and recently i even mentioned this when i spoke to a foreign journalist, and because , uh, in the early 90s, there were no state managers in ukraine, in fact, except for viktor a pensioner, perhaps volodymyr lanovy, who understood how the financial system works in the morning economy and, accordingly, the people who then made decisions at the level of the president, at the level of the prime minister, and at the level of the ministers of finance, they were ready

to print money and to command the nation's bank to print money to give it out, for example, in loans to an agricultural enterprise for sowing, then for harvesting, then for something else, and this flow of money was endless. this was such a situation, what economists call what budget constraints, that is as much money as you need, we give as much, and as a result, this led to that terrible hyperinflation, which as a result, after it had already stopped, ended with the monetary reform. and in fact, when we let's compare this situation with a very difficult situation now, because then there was no war. and now there is a war , and actually when the question arises whether this can happen again in ukraine, i still say that it cannot happen again because those people who now the national bank is headed by the ministry of

finance and even the president and the prime minister , although they are not actually great experts in macroeconomics, they still understand and have gone all this way, and the level of professionalism has grown significantly in the ukrainian public administration so that to understand that hyperinflation is not needed by anyone , including politicians, we can remember how it all ended in the early 90s and early 90s with early elections and changes of presidents and constant changes of prime ministers, people don't like when their salaries and pensions are rapidly depreciating in ukraine, citizens are more calm about, for example, an increase in unemployment, a loss of, for example, full-time employment , a transition to part-time employment, in contrast to developed countries where the main measure of the actual activity of politicians is the creation of jobs although now they are also starting to actively talk about the rise in prices, but in ukraine there is such a very clear

perception by the citizens that the rise in prices is the most important evil, actually what happened in the 90s taught us this for the first time, then it was not one financial crisis, which also ended with big jumps in prices and in e-e, respectively, when at one time we were still conducting research for the national bank so that in the 2000s, that was the prevailing opinion, you know that it is the oligarchs who are raising prices specifically through the government to take money from ordinary people, respectively , now even in a war situation i think i think and i actually see according to the behavior of the president and the prime minister of finance of the national bank that despite the difficult situation, no one wants to move the discussion between them the limit when we will plunge into a spiral of hyperinflation well, then five zeros come out, and the person said that

he brought 470,000 and four and four equal kopecks for these half a million coupons received five zeros, then they reduced it, but in general, if you take the hryvnia 76 and now there are 40 hryvnias, yes, to the dollar, to the hryvnia, too. for these, how much has passed since 1996, four 26 years, the hryvnia has depreciated by almost 26 times. yes, it is with him. well, there it has depreciated 23 times. if we do not start a war, it is a force majeure, an extraordinary circumstance, but at the beginning of the war, our hryvnia was 28, in general, the depreciation of the currency is similar to that of world currencies, does it have a positive or negative effect on the state of the economy, production, an increase in the country's gdp, it is good, it is positive affects the activities of exporters, we can remember how for a long period, for example, the united states accused china of

weakening the chinese government, that they deliberately underestimated themselves, that is, for the weak exchange rate of the yuan to promote exports, to make chinese goods more viable on the world market, and in ukraine, e . in fact, it was precisely because of this period before hyperinflation and devaluation in the early 1990s that in general distrust of the national currency was formed , and then, after all, well, on the one hand, and about inflation was not allowed, but there were many periods when ukraine spent more than it earned as a state, this then led to financial crises, unlike, for example, poland, which even there calmly survived the global crisis of 2008. and when any crisis begins, and in the heads of ukrainians, there is a magic phrase, the dollar can only grow accordingly, panic

buying of currency begins and the hryvnia becomes weaker, it works for aside, well, that is, it helps exporters, it contributed in particular to the enrichment of the oligarchs, even despite the crisis for the citizens of ukraine, in part, of course , not everything goes well for the oligarchs. something remains for their employees, contractors, etc., and other exporters with the formation of a large it industry, for example, which is competitive of the purchasing power of the citizens of ukraine, and in the fact that it is traded all over the world, iphones or trips to some sea resorts are sold here, unfortunately, in contrast to the same poles or citizens of other countries in other countries of central europe where there were long periods on the contrary of the strengthening of the national currency, ukrainians do not become more uh-well-off and what is the limit, mr. hlib, your

forecast is the maximum that can be from the hryvnia 76 now how much 37 and 40 almost 40 what limit can we see on the price tags on the exchangers, well, you understand that actually this jump, which was actually from 27 to the current 40, is a war, that is, from 27 to 29. it was in anticipation of a war on those messages that were from uh, in particular our allies and, in fact, that course is economically justified, which was at the beginning of the war, without taking into account panicky expectations, it was something closer to 27, and we can mention in particular that at the end of the xxi year, ukraine reached a record high average salary, in particular, the average salary in dollars in dollars, that is, little by little,

the ukrainians got rich. what will happen now will largely depend on what will happen at the front . had their influence, in particular, on the currency market, but it will also depend on what policy the government will pursue. will we still try to keep the budget deficit within the limits that we can finance funds from international partners ivan and the mission of money, what will we be subject to on various tempting ideas, to give away money, to reduce taxes, and to hope that someone paid for all of this, but i have another memory about the courses, if i finish the topic , when i open russian sources there and see what they have the exchange rate of the ruble to the dollar, which was at the level of 80 rubles to the dollar until february 23, and now 58-60 rubles

to the dollar makes me sad, and how do you react to the fact that the dollar strengthened simply catastrophically , it did not fall after the war, and it strengthened to 80 became 58-60 per dollar is simply, well, it is absolutely economically justified, in fact, because actually the sanctions, as they were designed, let's say, they led primarily to the fact that russia's import possibilities were limited, in particular, that is, those goods and services which are critical for the defense industry for a-a large number of not even defense but strategically important for russia branches of the economy of the same oil and gas sector, etc. and at the same time, on the contrary , before the introduction of sanctions, they tried to buy russian russian oil for gas, an essentially political decision was made to limit the purchase of russian gas we can't afford it.

russia itself began to limit the supply of its gas, which led to a jump in gas prices to a record 3,100 per 1,000 cubic meters high price". and accordingly, this leads to the fact that russia receives a lot of income but cannot spend it, and because it cannot buy anything , on the one hand, it is unpleasant for us, as ukrainians, in the sense that, well, we perceive it, and it is correct in principle the devaluation of the hryvnia as impoverishment, but for russia, on the contrary, it has a different , negative effect. because the actual dollars that they receive as their energy carrier already need a--and these soldiers who are fighting in our country pay monetary support in rubles, respectively, if the exchange rate were

120, then they would sell these dollars from the sale of oil , convert them to 120 and give them to the soldiers , now they can only do it there for 58 rubles, respectively, in order to finance internal needs, they have little, but unfortunately objectively to talk about the fact that the west turned out to be able to crush russia economically in the short term, enough so that, well, that is, the war did not go into a protracted phase, to talk about it cannot be done, it was not possible viva well, the vice prime minister also gave an interview about our economy -minister our first minister of economy yuliya svydenko routers of the british, we told her that the economy of ukraine should stabilize during the next year and can grow in the 23rd year, you know how much by 15 and a half percent, that is, well, there was no such growth even in priyushkenka, it seems then + 11 was the maximum in general in everyone