on the other hand, a cruise missile in comparison with the same shahid is much more difficult to hit with an aerial object. in your opinion, is it possible to destroy shaheds with manpads and what are the prerequisites for this to be known in order to achieve the result? it means that not only is it possible, but also with the help of pzr pas, namely, this class includes mines and 131 and 136th are destroyed why because the engine of barrage ammunition type mines 131 and mines 136 is a source of heat, and it is absolutely not shielded, but the favorite source of heat is a guidance point for e- is homing heads, homing heads, of

many portable anti-aircraft missile systems, including those that are in service with the armed forces of ukraine, this is the needle and arrow 2m and arrow s and the polish anti-aircraft missile system and including the stinger , that's why we use it and will continue to use it, the only thing that needs to be taken into account is that these services, which are armed with portable anti-aircraft missile complexes, must be at the right point at the right time, that is, be on course on the territory over which the manpads are flying or at some distance to the side a kilometer to the right, a kilometer to the left, well, up to 3.5 km in height, this

is absolutely let's say this is absolutely the radius of action in which the manpads will be used, dear practically a is there really a possibility to capture these earplugs, ammunition, because i read this part of the materials, they say that in fact the engine of this shahid is not so warm that it can be captured there, the walls of the gram or other manpads , that is, these indicators or he really enough for in order to be able to make a capture, it means that if the shaheds will fly at an altitude of about 4 km at the maximum altitude, then this is really a problem. why, because the air temperature at an altitude of about 4 km is already minus temperatures, despite the fact that on the surface the temperature of the earth will be

positive. therefore, the recoil into the surrounding atmosphere will be very high. but the enemy uses it, as a rule, at heights of one hundred to 300 meters . with the help of those forces that are designed to detect precisely the flight routes of barrage munitions . so and with. actually, uh, at such distances up to a kilometer in height, the homing heads work in almost ideal conditions.

delights to launch a missile to the extent that this e-e window of opportunity remains for our operator, which means that here the problem arises in the organization of the air defense system, that is, air defense operators must be in communication with those units and command posts that will manage their actions, depending on which manpads it is, the validity period of the battery and the cooling period of the homing head from 18 to 30 seconds, that is, the operator must turn on no earlier and at the same time, he should include no later than the time for making a decision and the time for the missile course on the oncoming and overtaking course is approximately from 3.5 to 4.5 seconds o fired a shot earlier memo

fired a shot later past so yes speed of barrage munitions compared to the speed of a cruise missile. moreover, at the speed of aviation, the aircraft also maneuvers, at the same time, it is quite small . actually, at such a speed, manpads operate mainly on helicopters. well, there is another name for helicopters. speaking, during the training of manpad operators, those exercises that are designed for work on helicopters are also used to train e-e operators to work with traveling munitions. guided by a thermal signal from a rumbling munition, there is another separate category of these manpads

that we received, it seems, from britain, mardel eyes, which are guided by laser tropism, and in fact, these manpads would be faster from the point of view of reaction capabilities, so they were more effective not only launch it determines not only the moment of launch, but also performs guidance, and it has a greater ability to control a missile that is already in flight. the national guard announced that they currently have about 130 there are 4-5 mobile groups in the composition of each group - these are servicemen, they are with manpads on cars and in thus, they talk about the fact that they provide, well, the fight against the martyrs, but who understand it here, the question is not in the number of such groups, but still in the system alerting and advance warning of such groups where they should act, that is, it is about creating such a global system of interaction between

such mobile groups. how should it be created in an ideal format, if the national guard could interact with such groups the task of the general staff and the task of the air force why because the single system of detecting enemy air targets, alerting and decision -making is still the task of the general staff and the air force, well, it is the creation of a single command center and it is the division of the territory of the science of ukraine into certain some sectors well, as well as an assessment of which objects are directly uh-uh hm represent the most important and most interesting for the enemy and on which objects, in the first place, it is necessary to concentrate the greatest efforts on their security and

defensive against the attack of the air enemy e-e p mykola now we are talking with you only about manpads and in your opinion, given your experience, which samples are the most optimal for countering rockets from the point of view of there effectiveness cost effectiveness cost these are anti-aircraft machine guns after all paired installations 3:2 more so, and including probably on those stationary infrastructure facilities, it is necessary to create direct units that will carry out anti-aircraft defense . general system, and for this it is necessary to involve not only the national guard of ukraine, but also the territorial defense, that is because the forces and means of

one national guard of ukraine will definitely not be enough for this, so now the directors are showing us one of the models, this is just a multi- barrel, such a rapid-fire machine gun and like a volcano. i think that such samples can also be used to fight martyrs if they are correctly placed in the right places and included in the information network of the general m-m. actually speaking this would be an ideal option. why because looking at this system, first of all, radars are not detected , and secondly, you are a television thermal imaging camera, and a combination of a radar and a thermal imager, this is almost one hundred percent guidance results. well , considering that volcanoes are and three are created and four-barreled and six-barreled, then this is also the number or projectiles that fly to

meet the body - this is a hundred percent impression at the ranges at which such weapons work, but now we will ask our rst to show us another video - this is a polish sample of the modernization of the zu-23-2 - this is a polza presented by the company vb electronics to the ukrainian armed forces. just before the active phase of the russian so, these samples of the modernization of the zu-23-2 were built precisely using the modern component base of detection means, but for some reason they did not interest the ministry of defense of ukraine at that time, it was said that the modernization of the zu-23-2 with digital channels is too expensive an option, i think that now our generals would look at this a little differently reality and how do you evaluate such modernization projects that are now being shown to us by

polish partners? this modernization project is not only what the poles are doing, but there are similar modernization projects in several countries, and actually speaking, such a modernization project was worked out at the level of even technical project and one of the private firms in ukraine, but there were no interested parties. the same ukroboronprom perfectly understood that there would be no state order for such things. actually, they could not to timely assess all the risks that could arise in the case of an aggravation of the foreign policy situation, well, actually speaking, we are all smart with our hindsight, as the ukrainian proverb says, but an analysis of the circumstances that took place and those events

that also took place in the middle east well, in nagorno-karabakh during the armenian war, azerbaijan should have pushed at least air force specialists and right to various departments of the correct headquarters, so we will be faced with exactly this situation, i.e. in fact, we are now still forced to return to these projects, either independently or in cooperation with partners, and start creating effective but fairly cheap samples of art weapons that can fight these martyrs, this is there and zu-23-4, there is also shilka and wasp, and return to this again this is how it turns out in the arms segment. and there is no other way, otherwise we will constantly wait for something to arrive. so and

then, uh, write obituaries, express condolences. well , in the end, we will also lose energy and transport, there are a lot of those things that affect and on the lives of the civilian population and on the military infrastructure i would like, pavlenko, that you also commented on another example of weapons, that we have such means of electronic warfare there, in particular , the nota complex, which is combined with a spike, but we have a video called nota, ot look at this video and in e-e evaluate whether it is necessary to continue moving in this direction in order to simultaneously combine the means of detecting drones due to the radar of small-sized digital means of suppression associated with the complex of large-sized rap and the means of impression in one such on on on the set as far as

this direction would be appropriate in the current conditions for forcing these developments, e.e. ukraine at one time represented several years in a row at the exhibitions of weapons and security, ot the project of modernization of the shilka anti-aircraft artillery complex, and by adding a missile channel to the artillery channel, namely, the installation of e-e needles and the transition to modern digital control with the help of a new radar guidance system, so in this project, the means of radio electronic warfare are also added to the new radar guidance system that is, we are simply seeing the expansion of the functionality of the anti-aircraft artillery complex in order to

increase its effectiveness. the truth is that there is one rather interesting thing, but still barrage ammunition in the form in which it is currently used by russia. they don't have control channels, which would be very easy to detect and suppress, why are there only signal receivers, or gps, or glonass, or the chinese positioning system? it will depend on what purposes it will be used for. it should be noted that shaheds are not high-precision weapons, they are specifically intended for terror, and for the impression of those objects that occupy

a fairly large area and do not move. that is, they are infrastructural objects that have dimensions of hundreds of meters and sometimes in kilometers both along the front and in depth, and accordingly a tracking route is set and several such barrage munitions are immediately launched in the hope that at least some of them will reach, but we must use absolutely all the possibilities that we have will be represented by certain specialists and certain companies. that is, we need to move in this direction as well. thank you for these professional explanations , and i would like to remind our viewers that on the espresso channel mykola salamakha was a retired lieutenant colonel, and now he is a project manager in one of the domestic defense -industrial companies, but what program

should ukraine choose now to really be ready for new threats from the enemy, which will follow the martyrs 136 now they will also bring iranian ballistic missiles to our communications oleksandr los, former head of the state enterprise antonov, doctor of technical sciences. now , the captain of the armed forces of ukraine, who takes care of promising projects for the development of the ukrainian army. oleksandr. i congratulate you, mr. serhiy. i congratulate you. against the background of strikes by iranian drones, the well- known ukroboronprom announced to us what they will do. some kind of long-range weapon with a range of 1000 km. then they started talking about the creation of such a shield over kiev, that’s not why, of course, i have questions why such

belated reaction on the part of state structures in conditions when it was actually possible to predict these threat risks earlier and to act in advance, why such lateness of state bodies is all connected with the bureaucratic process, even despite the fact that even during my presence in ukroboronprom, we directly in antonov and i personally and my colleagues understood this, but it is a state car , i think it is very slow in any country, as there is such a saying, you know that the state also takes a long time to harness but it goes very fast. well, unfortunately they were harnessed for a very long time and you rightly said that, unfortunately, now and too late they only started talking about the creation of such a system although all the foundations are in place and i watched the interview of the predecessor with joy, there are specialists, there are abilities, there is mathematics, the most important thing is that there are people who are able to write

formulas in order to create control systems of electronic weapons control systems, in principle, we have no problems with the action of e-e, we create the so-called hardwell , that is, the material part of weapons, starting even with small arms and ending with rockets, but all it has to be managed, it has to be created, we talked about it and i will repeat it, there are a lot of crazy multi-layered intelligence systems, starting from the space, then the aviation component, the radar component, and so on. and so on . unfortunately, we hear that ukroboronprom is only going to create another for the city of kyiv. if you will create it at all, that is, bureaucracy, according to your question, bureaucracy will look like an anti-drone concept of ukraine in the fight with cheap targets like shahed with targets that will have a greater opportunity to impress

targets on our territory, which should be a conceptual systematic approach, because well, you understand better here for the first time, first of all, you don’t need to copy anything from western or eastern colleagues, you can’t take it for granted an example, for example, the israeli system cannot be taken as an example of the european system, every country, especially a country like ours, which borders for thousands of kilometers with the most dangerous terrorist in the world, the number one terrorist what is russia federation and as a state and even as a society and which still remains in the military and technical plan very high-tech, we need to create our system using complex approaches of individual elements a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a. not copying technical solutions,

but the actual involvement of approaches to the creation of military policy, let’s call it that communities. to create a ukrainian combined or unified anti-missile and anti-aircraft defense system, and to give a specific example, an ambitious goal was set by the state of israel to create the most advanced anti- missile defense system, which today is considered to be the ro3 system and the ru-4 system is being created oy in hebrew has е- e, together with american developers and israeli developers from israel, something like ukroboronprom stands out, this is israel 's erospace, well, or the defense industry and from the united states

states itself as the interlocutor of the actual interceptor missile, this is no longer an air defense system - it is a system, let's call it that, and close-close with access to near-space and cover even at those heights, that is, i want to say that we need to involve, first of all, the principles of cooperation , we understand that in ukraine in the same bug, the same ukroboronprom is included, the cable is included, artem is also a developer and manufacturer of the most advanced complexes at the time, e-e, like e-e, well, let's say that ukroboronprom could still produce missiles for the s-300 but if it weren't for one thing, it's already today , the stability of the ukrainian logistics system for developers-manufacturers of this class of weapons

is not enough for us. access to microelectronics to the actual creation of computing systems, i again appeal to my colleague who spoke before me that even on stara shilka as such an artillery e-e system can be delivered from above and integrate it with the most modern systems short-range reconnaissance, optical, radio-electronic . you get a completely different class of weapons, thanks to which you can work on a short-range target, in our case, it is used to create an anti- missile system, to support the defense of ukraine, which is huge, as we have already said, in terms of the area of ​​the country, which borders on two-thirds of its length on its border with the worst enemy, it is necessary to create a very frantic and many-variable system

of near-medium and long-range anti-aircraft anti- missiles in its own way without copying anyone joy, but i think that first of all with your head . by the way, think with your head. we were shown a video of a multifunctional free complex of your development. i will ask our operators to once again show this story because it is extremely important from the point of view of what if ukroboronprom now is trying to copy some long-range iranian drones, then this is actually a step backwards , now we need to raise the bar of requirements and engage in the creation of such samples that can solve a multifunctional task. i would like i would like to ask you how your project is progressing now, whether or not this project will become the basis for the creation of one of the components of such a multi-layer anti-aircraft defense, including well, i am glad that you are talking about my project, really absolutely

realistic things and work continues, but here all the negotiations with foreign partners, since sumy is colossal for ukraine and, unfortunately, it is not possible to find people who would be interested in participating in this work from a financial point of view in ukraine at the moment conducted on foreign markets, financial markets, first of all, to this, and the stability of the logistics system is added, of course, because all the materials that must be used are electronic components and even some systems can be finished in the form of radio electronics. this project, an international ukrainian is currently not able, let's be honest, not able to strengthen this level of the project of this level of the complexity of the project for the equipment in first of all, we have an understanding of how to do it, but

we also have an understanding that the political aspect of equipping such a system is becoming more and more complicated. by the way, last week on the 13th, the united states issued new, even tougher temporary requirements for e-supply of microelectronic components necessary for the creation of high-power computing electronic systems, this is the same example of a bell that ukraine itself will not be able to create any type of modern weapons because we do not have any at all there is no production of microprocessor equipment. well, unfortunately, i already understand that even op-electronic equipment, so i returned to my thesis that the creators of international cooperation

. and there are dramas like and i, and it is possible, it is necessary to create such systems, returning to as one, this is the air component of the system of the integrated anti-missile system, to submerge defenses, its task is to raise it to the sky let's call the missiles medium-range missiles so in the aviation component, it means that it is something like the 120d, that is, for aviation weapons, it is a long-range missile for air defense systems, it can already be assumed that the missile is close to medium range on the same rockets according to the same principle of cooperation were created on samsa, you know, by the norwegians together again with the united states of america, and the complex was integrated by swedish specialists, and the missiles are provided by the united states of america. therefore, my s1 is and i would like i see them precisely that by financing with the

help of foreign colleagues, we will be able to create this aircraft carrier for aviation weapons in the interests of an integrated anti-missile defense system, but at that time it seems that terrorist countries find a common language faster than a civilized state when we talk about the same shahida, because orlan, you imagine that there are the same blocks that ensure the stability of these complexes from electronic warfare, that is, they use the same schematic with the e-e solutions that are used in both systems and use the civilian component elemental base, this means that in fact this path of cheap complexes should still be imposed on some sanctions and restrictions so that they cannot purchase even these civilian components, how can they achieve this. this is aimed at the new, uh, stricter

norms of uh, the export of microelectronic components, and in fact, why do you always remember what you remember during your stay in antonov, i shouted about it at closed meetings, i even swear, it looks like this maybe for tv viewers i am quite a restrained person and i always try to be like that, but it got to the point that i had to raise my voice at colleagues who are very bad or, you know, there are others, there is a saying, this is bellicose ignorance, so the concentration of bellicose navigations led to the fact that we lost the possibility of international cooperation and today we see that exactly on the example of ukraine, when thanks to the combination of the processor, which is in the washing machine, and it was not for nothing that the russians uprooted them, television cameras, which stolen from the swedish road monitoring system, police installation on famous russian

drones, it is possible to create a terrible terrorist weapon , which even sometimes makes my heart skip a beat because my family is also in kyiv and the same shahid is flying over their heads, forced after all eh thank you for these important explanations, and i would like to remind our viewers that oleksandr los, the captain of the armed forces of ukraine, was on the air of the espresso channel, who deals with the prospects for the development of the armed forces of ukraine. so, we see that we have the potential for in order to create an effective system for combating iranian russian drones and russian missile threats, but it should be a truly integral combination of the capabilities of the state and private companies and smart people in our country. so, i would like to put the main emphasis on this in this program and i hope that such our management will also draw a conclusion