before, it’s just necessary, after all, well, i just look at society and look, for example, at home time, how are these problems still perceived more tolerantly? to have this electricity to have more or less comfortable conditions i think it's simple it's a matter of time and well, the question of changing the clock is probably a complicated debate on this issue in society has been going on for more than a dozen years, well, we've translated it, we'll translate it to work with this issue, yes, sir, and i understood correctly that, well, we used to unload in the morning so that the industry would take this electricity, it consumed a lot of it, and that's why, well , it was necessary for us to consume less, since the sun had already set, and now the most consumption is household consumers, i.e. either the largest or their consumption has increased to a negligible extent, since many industries simply do not function

correctly, i understand that the main consumer now is household or am i mistaken. well, i still can't say the main thing is the consumers of the country, but the peaks and valleys are made by the household consumers, and indeed this is the flat graph of industrial consumption, it decreased due to the military actions because our economy is in such a bad situation due to russian aggression, but these are the peaks and the humps are made by household consumers, and it is precisely at them that this information company is directed regarding the shift in its consumption , oleksiy, and regarding the networks. the injuries say that well, it might be a good thing that it was hit, thank god that no one was hurt, because it was necessary to change the networks for a long time, we did not change them, and

now it is critical, and the time is right, now is good . of all networks, what will happen next with the system and in ukrainian, this is a complex question. if you look at irpin, it really was necessary to replace the electricity supply system there a long time ago. networks that needed reconstruction, and no one invested in it, that is, we had a problem in general, and in areas where some development is still taking place, our large industry that we had, which on the one hand worked, now works smaller, but also or there is some industry that stopped even earlier there after the collapse of the soviet union, there is a very extensive electrical system there, but

it is not needed, it is not fully loaded in the big account, we need to build the network in a completely different way, because it has been 30 years it has completely changed the logic of the ukrainian economy and the logic of consumption and in fact these regions are de-occupied and the future where the occupied regions will be returned to ukraine we will have to look at the development of networks in a completely different way there it will be necessary to look at the development of generation in a completely different way it must be distributed -e networks should be oleksiy orzhin with us, the minister of energy and environmental protection 19-20 years, there is a very bad connection here, unfortunately, for this place how far are these systems in the cities ready for such emergency shutdowns i mean

to what extent is this autonomy, decentralization, which , in particular, of energy, was still carried out, we had programs for energy conservation, how far from the city, small towns will now say that it is better to go to the village for the winter in general, how can people in cities and villages in communities prepare for an extreme winter. so, look if we are talking about heat supply and water supply, then this is directly the area of ​​responsibility of local self-government bodies, and they have been actively repeating themselves since the very beginning of the armed aggression , working out mechanisms to ensure er, the stable operation of these systems, but the electric power industry, well, it turned out that it belongs to the sphere of activity of private business or the state and local self-government bodies in such situations simply provide all possible assistance in order to support the same private business in order to ensure stability a- and this, well, if it hadn’t happened historically

, it turned out that this is a private business and the state, and in principle, the provision of appropriate resources of some kind of opportunities, again, i repeat, it is happening in full swing, even now it is being purchased in the corresponding generators, purchase the appropriate equipment in order to be able to provide some kind of energy supply where we have a critical situation in the same mykolaiv with drinking water. the city was not designed for 300,000-400,000 people to bring water by car, because the centralized water supply was not done, again, the system works, let's say so flexibly when there was one plan to ensure centralized water supply in mykolaiv, when it was found out that it would not work so effectively , objectively, they took a different path, the government itself reoriented financial resources and this issue is being resolved, that is, the city and the government are constantly preparing

new challenges arise accordingly immediately let's say they change procedures, processes, algorithms in order to close this danger, and all this within the limits of those resources that are usually available . only ukraine, and the world itself, we see that some things that could be purchased from which state or international technical assistance have the funds , in fact, they are not in such a volume, no one prepared for such a situation, and in order to ensure the demand in ukraine for of these needs is now being taken up by customized production, the same thing that happens with military equipment when new additional production facilities are opened, the same for providing critical infrastructure facilities, the world supports us, the world opens, let's say, renews the work of certain facilities for that so that we can effectively go through the heating season, residents may still not go to villages where there are no normal conditions, such clear ones, but where

it is possible to get by, where is electricity or centralized heating or water supply , which regions and cities do they think are the most vulnerable now as a result of these strikes and as a result of the shortage of electricity i mean in light and heat where the biggest problems will be in which regions and in which cities i understand that the leader will be the capital kyiv region and who else please understand. we should divide the problems into two categories. the first is a problem that arises as a result of point strikes directly by rockets and drones. it is impossible to predict the objects of the energy structure here, that is, if they direct their efforts to some specific region . it is clear that there will be quite serious problems, it is clear that the goal set by the russian federation is such a more psychological pressure, such a pressure on society for them, kyiv is a demonstration city. therefore, a certain part of the efforts

aimed precisely at the city of kyiv to show that the capital of ukraine can get into some, let's say, very difficult conditions, but we still do not forget that we have a front-line territory where there is constant shelling, not only rockets are fired with artillery systems with aviation there is also a problem, that is, if we have it here simply because of some energy facility and as a result, part of the region is left without light, then the system there simply beats on the square, as a result of which communications will be destroyed which provide the supply of heat, water and electricity, there are also problems, that is, well, here you just need to divide into two types of problems, that is, zaporizhzhia or kharkiv. and i can also ask oleksiy, if there is a communication, mr. oleksiy, about help from partners, we talked in the news about the fact that lithuania not even lithuania anymore, but lithuanian private companies have sent equipment, equipment, equipment worth about 100,000 euros to ukraine, supposedly a small amount, but nevertheless for the

repair of the electric substation and gas pipelines damaged as a result of russian attacks, now the photo can even let's show and report uh has closed viasat eh now a second eh name this company in connection with the purposeful destruction of the russian energy infrastructure the companies lidgrit and ambergris urgently sent equipment worth 100,000 € for repairs assistance will be provided through the non-governmental organization blue & yellow well and further on in the photo we can look at the photo these are certain i don't know if they are transformers or are there certain communications that are used to connect electrical wires i am not an energy engineer myself how much do you think europe can to promptly provide us with such help if necessary, we simply had ivan plachkov say that the transformer is being built for five months or less, well, four at the most, the minimum, and today we won't have time to produce it, are there any

partners in stock for this, i'm asking oleksandr a-a equipment in european countries and er in ukraine we were still synchronized with the soviet system er switched to interaction synchronization from europe only during the aggression there on february 18 and in fact of such a stock of equipment, here it is, this equipment applies, please. the fact is that the only thing you can hope for is warehouse stocks, uh, even in those countries that were historically connected with the soviet union at the time, but there, well , they have been there for a very, very long time were stored, so we really need to learn to work according to new standards, just like the military learned to work with e-weapons,

young people, so it is necessary for our energy workers to master european and world standards and equipment, because there is no other option no thank you oleksiy orzhel minister of energy and environmental protection was with us for 19-20 years oleg garnyk deputy executive director of the association of cities of ukraine for housing and communal services we are joining our next guests about the economy we will talk about money about prices about the exchange rate borys kushniruk is with us economist holo expert analytical council of the ukrainian analytical center borys good health congratulations good day oleg pnzen also joins the executive director of the economic discussion club olezhe good health congratulations good day good day good day about the dollar let's start with the exchange rate, what is happening, what is the reason for the sudden strengthening of the

hryvnia, if you can say so, and whether the dollar has become cheaper for a long time, mr. oleg , let's start with you, well, look, in reality , the level of fluctuations at the moment is not so significant that to say that this is something extraordinary, well, that is, for now it is described in the corridor that today is the second point, indeed, recently the position of the national bank has changed a little, it fully gives the opportunity banks to buy cash currency, that is, in their savings banks, their reserves, and thus, at the moment, the market is completely saturated with cash, that is, from this point of view, there is also no support that would make the hryvnia exchange rate, the dollar exchange rate, one more moment, we have a small income actually, from the sale of

grains, they are, and moreover, the national bank of ukraine has reduced the sale of currency in connection with this. on the interbank currency market, that is, if last week he had to sell it somewhere at the level of 500-600 million dollars per day, so now this amount is somewhere around 150-200 million, that is, he sells less because the demand is satisfied, all those things. to some extent, they caused the situation that exists, but i would say once again that in my opinion it is absolutely temporary the phenomenon of the cash market is not controlled at all, and the non-cash market is currently clearly fixed at 36.6. in addition, we have already heard certain statements from the national bank of ukraine about the fact that it is quite possible that next year the average annual exchange rate will be even lower. included in the budget. that is, it will not be 42 hryvnias per dollar, it may be less. and this gives hope

that no serious changes related to the official exchange rate are expected at the moment. borysenko only wanted to clarify mr. oleg, well, probably about everything was said there, it is about the fact that in a week at that moment, 86 were sold to schools and academies, you said, that is, weekly weekly sales were somewhere around 600 million, now they have decreased because the foreign exchange revenue from the sale of grain began to flow in, and this allows the national bank to reduce the volume of weekly sales of foreign currency, and the undoubtedly important fact is that now there is an opportunity to purchase cash from commercial banks and they have the opportunity to sell this cash in dollars on the domestic market, accordingly, this brings

the non-cash exchange rate closer together -e that is, which is actually fixed on whole banks and cash, which, let 's say, was very cold, because in fact there was a problem that before, well, until 24:00 of the second, in fact, the cash dollar was tied to the cashless one. why, because any fluctuations they were extinguished immediately due to the fact that banks could buy currency at the interbank exchange for cash and sell it, and in this way, the cash exchange rate was significantly different from the non- cash one. nice, very good situation when we essentially had two exchange rates, one is the fixed rate of the national bank and somewhere near it it is spinning ah, what happened at the interbank and in cash, which

existed independently, absolutely now the situation the other thing has actually improved a little, the other thing is that i am less optimistic about the fact that the national bank will be able to ensure the situation, well, in the next year, to ensure that the hryvnia remains unchanged and even stronger than what was promised , because at the end of next year, it is planned that will be 50 hryvnias, this may really be too big a figure, and despite the fact that at the moment it is too early to say, however, how events will develop, for example, russia has already raised the issue that it can block grain exports and uh, who knows whether or not uh, he will do this and, accordingly, the situation may worsen, therefore, uh, for now, we are talking about what the situation will be, we can predict only for the coming weeks, there is a

month, a month, a half, two, but here now we see more or less really the situation is stable and cash on the cash and non-cash level, i wanted to ask you about gas and heat, some fresh information, today's kyivoblgaz received an order from the gas supply company naftogaz of ukraine to stop the supply of gas to the trypil tpp, which actually heats and heats part of kyiv about this was stated by the people's deputy and the head of the temporary special commission of the parliament regarding prize phenomena on the energy market, oleksiy kucherenko. yesterday, or the day before yesterday, nak naftoga said that he ordered kyiv-bugaz to suspend the supply of gas to the trypil tpp, which produces electricity that is critical for kyiv and the region, kucherenko said, and in the appeal also states that kyiv-bugaz is forced to start the procedure of disconnecting the trypilska thermal power plant from the gas supply in general from october 30 tomorrow. well, let me remind you that the trypilska the tpp is one of the largest producers of electric

and thermal power in the kyiv region, the termination of its operation can lead to unforeseen infrastructural consequences, why yes, sir, i am struggling what is happening at the kyiv tpp and its relations with naftogaz and kyivoblgaz, please, well , first of all, she and the main producer of her e-e let's say the resource is coal, and not once, let's say it's an intermediate resource, we really need to understand it, because we don't, well, we don't know the details, i don't include what this is related to, including the not very correct the behavior of the management of the energy center. where does trypilska come into, to what extent is it calculated for the supplied gas, if under that pretext? and where will you go and supply

us with gas in full ? they simply stopped paying for gas completely, and nak naftogaz actually has no other way out, let's say, at least in this way to put pressure on the management of the energy center in order to force them to pay for the gas that is supplied because well, let's be laska gas, it will be necessary to solve the problem from january, where to buy gas and where to get money for it in this case. please remind me, mr. boris, the energy center is still controlled by the managers of kolomoisky , i understand correctly, well, let's say so. answer eh, it’s such a delicate sphere, but why is nobody delicate? why, what’s the delicacy? we don’t even know your data. no, i’m the one who controls the energy center. correctly, kolomoisky or not, the state also formally controls ukrnaft

the state controls, but after mr. zelensky became the president, the president of ukraine became the president of ukraine, and mr. zelenskyi controls to one degree or another hmm, regarding tsentrenergo, he came to understand kolomoisky’s management, as he once said , so of course, under such circumstances, there is a problem with what is happening there to what extent is the campaign currently leading a responsible policy, and i emphasize that this is not necessarily the situation that we are currently observing, they are not necessarily directly related to the control of the central energy agency it could be mr. kolomoiskyi well, it’s just that the policy of tsentrenergo is not entirely correct in relation to its relations with naftogaz, and here in general. then the question

arises of the openness of transparency and management and ownership of such companies as center energo ukrnaftooblgaz oblgaz, which also belong to unknown companies . including russian business during such an energy crisis as it is now, shouldn't we somehow move this whole energy cube a little so that it becomes more transparent and transparent and understandable who who is in charge, who are the owners, what do these people do, how much do they earn, why do you not think so, please olezhe well, two words regarding trypilska , there is a debt of 2.5 billion hryvnias, 1.8 billion hryvnias of debt, and that is why there is a certain process but uh, i think that this issue will be resolved. i don't think that

anyone will turn off the generation. i think that it is rather a certain pressure so that uh, the energy companies start paying their bills because the debts are really very big there, when we speak with you about e-e management listen, well, the situation in ukrnafta is there there is a slightly different share, a minority share of a private investor, we know who we are talking about, when you and i talk about state companies that are 100% owned by the state, this is a question for the ministry, this is a question for the cabinet of ministers , that is, they are completely in this situation are responsible for all those processes, and here the actual question is first of all for the government, because these are its powers and to what extent these powers are carried out by the minister of energy, in

the end, so that the problems related to management are the problems of the government because he is carries out the selection of personnel, how does he carry out on the basis of what, in my opinion, the criteria should be the effective performance of the tasks assigned to them by these or other state companies, if the tasks are performed, it does not matter to me what is the name of the management if it is not performed then the question is first of all to of the prime minister and the minister of energy. well, i approach it from this point of view. i like that with our national debt, according to the forecast, it may exceed 100% of gdp. what will happen then? well, it is clear that war and talk about development the economy is not proved, but how will this be reflected in general on the situation inside the country

and how will we return it all to boris, here it is important to understand that in our country, the public debt itself is almost not growing, because practically all the help we receive, we receive irreversible yes on an irrevocable basis, that is, these are not debt funds , the imf gave some of them, but in principle, all of this is worth what they give us without eh, not in debt, accordingly, eh, it’s not like that. it’s not like that. i apologize for 30% of that from those funds that come these are grants, 70 are loans long-term and these are loans in ukraine as a sovereign that are not subject to restructuring, i.e. you can resorize on a large account, er, commercial debts, um, there may be a conversation with international financial organizations, you cannot restructure the debt of ukraine as a sovereign, that is, when, for example, the union gives you money, this is slightly different things

in the european union, what he allocated to us, you did not allocate without er, not in debt, and the same for the usa, they allocate aid to us without not in debt, they remove aid, it is precisely the european union that lends, but the usa mainly gives grant funds are what the european union gives and what the countries of the european union give is debt money uh, well, i have a little different information on this matter, the question is simply not what we have a question why did the ratio of public debt to gdp increase so much, primarily because due to the fact that the gdp itself has fallen, and if the hryvnia will depreciate, if, well, next year everything will be even, there will be a certain devaluation of the hryvnia exchange rate, then, accordingly, the base borg, which is expressed in foreign currency, will automatically increase in relation to to gdp in this way, you will still have a greater ratio

of public debt to ue before the end of the war. and we have a well-founded right not to pay based on what is called force majeure, that is, while the war is going on. we have the opportunity not to pay after the end of hostilities . action, the question will undoubtedly arise to what extent the ratio of public debt to gdp allows us to settle with the debts that we will have and i am not a supporter of ukraine not paying its debts. i think that this is a very bad story, but the need for restructuring is definitely a --------------- but again, this is a question that will need to be considered as soon as the hostilities finally end, and then we will understand what kind of world we are in, what is happening with our economy, what funds we can expect

from our western partners and on what conditions are these funds provided as a non-refundable loan or as a loan, and then we can talk about what we will do with that debt, what will it be at that moment, how to service it, how to repay it, and what are the terms for paying it off? the first eh we continue to pay well in the international monetary fund yes exactly well, as they said there, wait, you said that due to force majeure we do not pay, we pay, we paid 09 billion dollars in september, giving funds to the international monetary fund, and we are now actively we have it, the national bank is calculating, it has no problems with e-e countries, wait, we are talking with you about the total public debt, so in this situation, we are currently negotiating with the international

monetary fund about a new program, we are not currently we are not in any program, we received from them emergency financing for a house of 4 billion dollars by the end of this year, it is possible if it is as it is now. the relationship is a little different, by the way, we are now actively discussing the issue of entering the new program, that is, yes , we are partially exempt from commercial debts at the moment. that is, we have carried out restructuring with us, the weather has agreed with us creditors with the support of the countries in whose jurisdiction these creditors are registered, that is, at the moment, ukraine will be able to

save about 5 billion dollars by the end of the 23rd year, by the time when this restructuring actually took place, it is true, but we pay our internal debts , that is, we at the moment, we are all carrying out the internal debt burden for one simple reason, if you start to refuse internal age-fulfillment of internal obligations, you will automatically fail the whole idea no one will lend you military bonds if you do not fulfill your domestic debt obligations, and military bonds today are a serious balancing act because not a single penny of international financial aid can go to finance security and defense under the condition that we finance security and defense exclusively at our own expense taxes and fees, on average, we finance security and defense every month in the amount of 100 to 120 billion hryvnias, taxes and

fees we collect 95 billion well, maybe a little more , that is, when you, we will now open a project with you of the budget for the 23rd year, we will see the revenue part of our budget is one and two trillion, yes, the revenue part of the budget is 2.5 million uah, approximately the same amount, one and two trillion is planned for security , defense, approximately, that is, all that we collect in the form of taxes and fees we will spend on defense security. if suddenly there is a situation that we collect less, the only way to cover the necessary payments for defense security is war bonds or money printing. how does money printing happen? the ministry of finance imitates military bonds that the national bank of ukraine buys, well, that is, in essence, the udp bond mechanism of the domestic state loan. so what is this