our marathon is coming to an end, so to speak . sorry for this e-e for this stamp of the magazine is english, it is running out of time and it is approaching 8 o'clock, which means that at 8 o'clock andriy yanitsky's star time begins, he will tell us about the news of the economy andriy, you have a word. so thank you star 20 minutes, but not only for me and for the expert economists with whom today we will talk about decentralization and how it helped ukraine stand during the war andriy yanitsky with economic news on the espresso tv channel as usual at eight o'clock on weekdays live in the evening at 11:00 p.m. in a repeat whenever it's convenient for you on youtube by the way, if you're watching us on youtube right now, like it send the link to friends and family comment so more people will see us at least 7.5 billion hryvnias the ukrainian economy loses from

of large-scale worries that continue almost every day , including on working days. this was reported by the chairman of the tax committee of the verkhovna rada of ukraine, danylo hetmantsiv. he notes that it is important to organize the work of both public and private sector in such a way as to cause the least damage to the economy ukrenergo introduces local blackouts in certain regions the previous schedule of blackouts has already been canceled massive missile strikes on energy infrastructure objects caused new damage, which complicated the situation in the power system until there is no light utility workers will eliminate accidents ukrainians are asked to be as economical as possible use electricity in the future and turn off the lights depending on the current situation in the power system the kyiv metro will increase the interval of train movement, the pauses will last from 4 to 10 minutes. this was

reported in the kyiv city state administration, the department specified that the intervals will be shorter than 4-5 minutes only during rush hour. such changes are associated with a decrease in passenger traffic. will make it possible to save more electricity, however, the kyiv administration assured that, despite the savings , the passenger areas of the subway will remain with the proper level of lighting in odesa, they are also learning to live without light, stabilization measures have begun in the city our correspondent evgeny saltan found out how odessa citizens live during blackouts. in order to save money, we completely turned off the lights in this hall and only when our guests arrive. we turn them on especially for them in

patriotic clothing stores. from the premises, the collective stopped using the coffee machine. now we just brought the small coffee machine on which we brew coffee for ourselves and for the team, uh, it will taste a lot worse than from a large coffee machine, but requires 10 times less electricity. the store hopes that visitors will follow this example of saving in their daily lives. it is our responsibility to do so, because if you are a citizen of ukraine, during the war, you must listen to all the advice of the government, which it asks you to follow. of citizens, this is also our front, m.m. energy the authorities of odessa appealed to entrepreneurs to turn off the lights on shop windows and advertising signs, and all odessans are asked to save as much as possible, especially in the morning and evening in addition, the city hall has reduced the number of electric vehicles in relation to public transport, we are reducing the number of cars on the line, but we are

not closing the line itself. i am appealing to the owners of commercial establishments, please exclude signs and advertising media that waste electricity. to make the necessary stocks, in particular candles . and some people prepared for a possible blackout even in the first days of a full-scale invasion. odesa has already introduced stabilization shutdowns of lights alternately during the day in different areas of the city, the power is turned off for four hours but sometimes for longer yevhen saltan odesa for espresso tv channel, due to the war, almost two and a half million ukrainians lost their jobs , this is stated in a recent recent report of the

international labor organization there is truth there and positive news, for example, the dynamics of the positive situation is improving due to the liberation of the territory of ukraine that was under occupation or in the zone of active hostilities, but this is a partial recovery in the labor market, it is insignificant and very fragile , experts note, they warn that a large number of internally displaced persons looking for work can lead to a decrease in wages in various sectors of ukraine-turkey and the united nations have resumed grain operation of the grain corridor that russia is trying to disrupt in particular, they agreed to the movement of 14 vessels with ukrainian grain in the black sea after russia's statement about withdrawing from the grain agreement, this is stated in the statement of the joint coordination center in istanbul. the three delegations agreed to carry out an inspection on october 31, that is, this inspection was already carried out yesterday for

40 ships that left the port. russia was also informed of the decision, which the day before announced that it was suspending its participation in the grain agreement . this is our grain and food that was moved from the ports of ukraine to within the framework of this initiative is already more than nine and a half million tons, well, now let's talk, as i promised, about decentralization during the war, we will talk with the junior analyst of the agricultural center of the kyiv school of economics ihor poddubnym e p games are you with us i congratulate andriyya good day to everyone, let's first remind our viewers what kind of decentralization reform this is, it started back in 2014 , i think that many people heard on television and what such a reform was, but what is specific about it it consisted, i think, that many have forgotten, i can remind

you about it briefly, actually this reform, its main idea is to transfer the implementation and also the responsibility for decisions to a management system with a centralized, that is, when you wait that the decisions will come from above on the ground, that is, the communities themselves decide what they need to do. and how, in particular, this consists in the fact that they receive much greater fiscal autonomy, that is, they make decisions about budgets with their own hands at the local level. and they also have greater resources or exercise these powers and the responsibility they bear as far as i remember, for example , the excise tax was split and part of it went to the central budget and part to the regional budget, so it was beneficial for local communities to have legal economy, they sold tobacco legally, they sold alcohol legally, and that gas stations also existed if it is a small settlement , then this part of the

excise tax is from pa. of the formal economy and not to the sale from underground or counterfeit of some kind and also jobs were also created this flow of money into local budgets and what else can be added to this what is another preference received by local communities, yes, i agree with you, i can even add that, for example, all of us will receive well, many of us will receive a salary a-a and ufo. the state budget, which we mostly talk about when we hear the word budget in general in a public discussion, but more of it is received specifically for local local budgets, our personal income tax, and the same applies to gasoline excise and land tax

real estate tax and environmental and tourist fees, the reform has already been completed, we managed to complete the reform by february 24, before the full-scale invasion of russia, or are some other elements of the reform to be carried out? that it is completely completed, but basically all the steps have been taken, positive results have also been obtained, explanations and positive results have also been received. i remember that last year it was still relatively peaceful when the war was localized only in the eastern regions of ukraine, they said that the local budgets are overflowing with money, they don't know where to spend it . well, i think that this is not true for all local settlements, territorial communities , but for many it was so they

kept large amounts of money in bank accounts, i understand in order to receive more interest and increase their capital, and with such gains in money, we approached the invasion of russia, but there were complaints about other elements that this was possible it atomizes us too much and makes the situation unmanageable in the country. this is the independence of the regions. a lot has been written about the local elites who do not want to obey kyiv and the central government. however , in practice it turned out whether we became stronger because of this decentralization reform or, on the contrary, did it weaken us during the aggression, i personally believe that this made us definitely stronger, you understand. we talked with you about the financial aspect, but precisely the confrontation and the military military wartime he needs significant financial resources and he needs a lot, well, it needs quick decisions, you need to quickly understand where

resources need to be mobilized, and in such a situation, when there is a risk of loss of centralization and controllability of the system, a decentralized model when there are many points of acceptance of these decisions, this is actually a better model for us, well, so they say yes, yes, but with regard to local elites and cases of collaborationism, which were undoubtedly a matter of another, different sphere, it is already about the internal security of our country and other institutions that have to be responsible for this and the malfunctioning of the security service of ukraine, intelligence control, which could have prevented all this, but we know that there have been changes and now the service is the service of god, as sometimes the apartments are called the injector. er, everything was more effective. i know that you conducted a study on the stability of local communities during aggression. it is a large

work of 100 or so pages, and we will not quote all these pages, but the main subjects the studies were as follows: what did the united territorial communities face during the russian invasion, what was this influence, how deep was this influence, how far was it possible to resist this external shock? well, what exactly did the local government do, how did it act ? about this study, you can also say who paid for it, because it is important because the audience should know whether it was not for the money of some regional oligarch, it was done at times so that it was clear who could theoretically influence such a study is there by ordering it like this. yes, we have some kind of break in communication. i hope it is

restored now. i want to say that ihor piddubny is a junior analyst of the agricultural center of the kyiv school of economics, that is, he is more effective and has a deeper understanding of precisely the issues of agriculture , which is really important for of ukraine, because our main expert product today is exactly agricultural products, so far they are not saying anything to me . something technically went wrong eh i asked to say who funded the research because it is important to me it is always a sign if there is some kind of sorry corrupt dirty money i always check there yes of course of course it is very important i agree with you we spent in eh the agricultural center , the kyiv school, the school of economics, in which you actually represent the joint association with the all-ukrainian association

of communities, with the support of who was the donor of this project, it was the konrad adenauer foundation, that is, the german foundation in ukraine, so there are none there disputed or suspected money of agrarian oligarchs and with the money of some er yanukovych simple god so so good converter yes adenaur financed it in order to study our er conner fund financed it in order to study er how much our communities were so many what are the main conclusions of your research, let's talk about it. so , we managed to interview almost a third of all united territorial communities in ukraine. and how many are there in total, in total, 1,469 of them. yes, of course, we need to exclude from them some that were occupied by the russian federation until february 24, and it will be about 1,437, but in general, about, well, more than 1,400, and

you interviewed 500 or 600 of them. almost 500. the invasion of the russian federation, how did they manage to deal with it and did they remain sufficiently stable and what could be done to improve it and you know our results they showed that they undoubtedly confirmed what on at the local level, we faced unprecedented large-scale problems of a logistical nature, problems of mass destruction, a physical migration crisis, a humanitarian and logistical crisis, but also a budget crisis, which we emphasized in our research, we saw that among those communities that were even outside the zone of active

hostilities among more than half of them received in may in the month of may, when the russian troops were significantly slowed down and rejected by our armed forces from the occupied territories, they received smaller revenues than they expected. and in the zone of active hostilities, this situation was even worse, there 85% received less income, this is also confirmed by factual data, we saw that in the first three months of the war of this year, if we compare this period with a similar one in the 21st next year, we will see that the communities where the russian troops were going, the annual incomes of the residents in srednyi by eight percent, if we add significant inflation to this, we will get a real drop already in double digits, and this is a significant problem, i.e. the communities of the communities could not finance their current expenses, not even to mention any

investments in development and reconstruction, and it is not even a matter of getting staff, getting buildings of local importance, simply maintaining order, and in the communities, that is no longer the case. it was enough. so this led to the fact that the absolute majority of communities she talked about a rather significant deficit of budget funds of more than 10%, that is, the problems were significant and we should also talk about the fact that if we are talking about the state budget, the authorities have much wider the authority to finance actual expenditures . the central government can issue state bonds, military bonds, state loan bonds, you cannot. they have wider access to the international resource of all this, to a much lesser extent, local communities have, that is, they are faced with a choice of what to do, or to cut expenses. directly there now

more than half of the communities have also succeeded in this, they have reduced their budget expenditures or the second option that can be done is to apply from the local level to the higher government levels of the games and ask for financial assistance, for example, with the state budget, but since the state budget has a significant deficit, and we hear about it quite often, we heard there about five or 3 billion dollars a month deficit, of course, there is a significant opportunity to make such a financial help is significantly limited, there is still more, i can tell mr. igor that they often turn to local businesses, but if a local business moved during the war and i don’t pronounce this word now, relocation is difficult and i moved to another region, then there is no one to ask yes, of course, we have cooperation and horizontal connections that

help a lot, but i personally saw and read these cases when even where the business responded and the community made decisions about the fact that taxes are taxes there, personal income tax and also a tax on the profit will still be paid until i arrived , that is, there are such cases here, they are positive, they do not create a positive picture without objections , literally games, literally a minute remains. i just wanted you to note. research, it is possible that one or two communities should be singled out that have worked extremely well and give them credit, why single out someone, and i, i pay tribute absolutely to this ukrainian people and to this issue, and all well done. there is a deficit of more than 30% in about

15-20 communities, they either cut their expenses or turned to other authorities to get some kind of help. that is, there are signals and markers, you know, that it is worth it with formats work at other levels of government as well, it is necessary to help coordinate and attract some kind of help and financial resources in these difficult times, because understand with the passage of time and with the months of the war . and thank you for thank you for this story, our local communities in general resisted russian aggression quite successfully , including financially, and made the right decisions with you was ihor piddubny, young man of the agricultural center of the kyiv school of economics, which researched the local territorial communities of ukraine during the war. i am andrii yanitsky on the espresso tv channel with economic news. together we will win. join the community with a ukrainian

view of the world. become a sponsor of the espresso youtube channel. and this is access to exclusive content. personal thanks. pinned comments . special icons there, the possibility of personal communication with the espresso team, click to sponsor and become part of the community with a ukrainian perspective, the war raised its head again in europe, reminding about the darkest hours of our history franz24 constantly covers events in ukraine, our team on the ground and in the studio will inform you about the dynamics of the event and this is the most relevant from franz 24 in ukrainian

on espresso there is a war going on and not only for territories , it is also a war for umy russia is throwing millions of oil dollars to turn ukrainians into little russians ukraine will become russia analysis and analysis of information about ukraine by russian propagandists concrete facts and methods by which enemy propaganda turns people into obedient zombies the union plans to vote the residents of the people's republic of ukraine against it against the information attacks of the russians in the project of the chronicle of the information war with olga len tuesday thursday at 11:40 and friday at 13:00 on the espresso tv channel mykola veresen vitaly portnikov and the main topics of the week if it will be used against ukraine no god willing, really tactical nuclear weapons will definitely change the world. stories, problems, analysis and personalities.

john gerbs is the former ambassador to the united states in ukraine. thank you for the invitation. do you have any questions ? you will receive answers, so the question awaits: how to understand sports in september every friday at 21:30 on espresso, the war in ukraine is the main topic for ukrainians , victories and losses, analysis and forecasts, politics and geopolitics, serhiy rudenko and the guests of his program will talk about all this, people who have information and public opinion is formed by people who defend ukraine and create the future right now the main and interesting thing in the program is the verdict serhiy rudenko monday through thursday at 5:10 p.m. repeat at 9:30 p.m. we have a lot of interesting operational information as well

in our marathon andriy seichuk lesya vakulyuk we welcome you to espresso we continue we start the second hour and we will continue to talk with let's talk with natalia gumenyuk now if she is already with us i see that mrs. natalya is very happy to see you good morning thank you glory to ukraine because everyone knows that natalya ovnyuk is the spokeswoman of the operational command, the press asked for the defense and protection of the south, uh, that's what it's all called, mrs. natalya, what i want to tell us yesterday is quite sad news, it's that the russians fired at a ukrainian tugboat, and unfortunately, the dead sailors who were transporting a barge with grain, this is the russians' answer, this is a continuation of these threats that they will withdraw from the

grain agreement . in the grain agreement itself, but these are all elements of a great work, since the grain initiative provides for the transportation of ukrainian grain from ports open for this purpose. and this would be the preparatory stages of the preparatory work for the movement of grain, including such a method, but this act of terrorism - this is another underlining of the fact that the enemy is trying to put pressure on the mykolaiv region as a region that hinders the advancement of those plans and ideas that were at the beginning of the full-scale

invasion. i will continue to shell the dnipro-buzka estuary and since it is um also a place of transportation of very large batches of uh exactly the same grain and uh what they did it it led to shelling and a fire, and indeed two people died and one more was injured, the fate of another crew member is currently unknown, the rescue operation is ongoing and we will know as soon as the message, but the very fact of the continuation of the attacks is in particular today's night attack again s300 on mykolaiv in the city center on educational institutions that were destroyed on private houses that were broken and unfortunately there is more

about these boxers can we find out some more details about how it happened the russians succeeded near ochakov, how did they get there? and if we know geography, we understand that there is the kinward spit, which is also a temporarily occupied territory, with which the opposite shore is shelled. that is, it was the shelling of the night, they skid. i understand, but can we expect more of the following firing at boxers, will russia again indulge in such provocations well, we realize that for them there are no rules , norms and laws of waging war, and it is precisely on this occasion that many criminal cases have already been initiated during a full-scale invasion, they do not comply with any obligations, in fact they ignore

the international maritime law system, including the fact that they are trying to do this as one of the six attempts to connect at least some levers in front of whose 20 in order to put pressure on the world community at least by the grain agreement, but currently these obligations signed by ukraine are being fulfilled in full as regards the black sea grain initiative we will continue to ensure the safety and functioning of these corridors e-e sea ports ministry the infrastructure continues to work according to the schedule determined by the istanbul coordination center. and when you say we continue to provide security, what does this mean, how is it ensured? here is this security, security

is provided where the corridors themselves are defined. control in the court for raids with their subsequent routing along the specified route e.e. the russian black sea fleet is now beyond its own reach , beyond the reach of our missiles. as far as i understand, er, can it be used from that territory, well, it hid behind the cape, so can they be used from that territory in order, for example, to strike provocatively at e vessels that participate in the grain agreement that bring grain, well, remember let's talk about the fact that they still have a reserve against ship-based missiles, in particular, onyx , and also ss-type missiles, which caliber missiles were equipped with them, and the carrier missiles on combat duty could also be used for the same purpose. excluded

the use of kamikaze drones, therefore, we are aware of the threats that may be and accordingly calculate countermeasures. that is, this is also anti-aircraft defense - this is also the calculation of the time and route of the departure of these vessels, including the presence of e-e ships and boats of our forces e in accordance with the e feasibility of this countermeasures that they can provide to reveal more. initiatives. and what they said about joining their ships to ensure security. well, it is already clear to everyone. vladimir putin, the russian president yesterday expressed such an interesting