well, because again, it's a swamp, dirt, shelling, er, terrible roads, well, it's actually in the direction of bakham, so that you don't get surprised, er, pickup trucks go so fast, they go so fast. thank you, mr. volodymyr. well, i 'll say something about deserters. in the city of donetsk region, during the transfer of one of the units of the occupying forces to combat positions, about 20 people with weapons escaped from the number of previously imprisoned people, well, one prisoner was already detained in the city of novoshakhtinsk, this is russia, no rostov region informed the governor of rostov region that his name is vasyl golobiv. it is interesting that this detainee had previously served time in a finnish colony and kan number four. he hid in an abandoned pig farm. they found him there. and before that, he shot two russian policemen with machine guns, among other things, a kalashnikov and

later it turned out that he is a fighter of chvk wagner, now an investigation is underway, that is, the fighters of dude wagner have already returned to their historical homeland with weapons, are returning to their difficult and dangerous occupation, which they used to do there on territory of russia thank you, we had volodymyr nazarenko, a fighter of the freedom legion of the national guard of ukraine from donetsk region, directly included andriy yanitsky next with economic news andriy good morning good morning to you good morning let's talk today about the role of the state in the economy during the war and what happened to our oligarchs and such with the news of the economy on the espresso tv channel live on weekdays as usual at 8:00 a.m. we start a repeat at 11:00 p.m. and online when it is convenient for you if by the way you are now watching us online on youtube in the stream leave your comments during the program. i will

watch the chat and try to answer if of course. these comments will be on the topic of our conversation . volodymyr zelenskyy held a meeting on the stabilization of the electrical system and the protection of ukrainian power plants. since october 10, russia has already launched eight massive attacks on energy facilities of ukraine. the blow on december 5 shook them even more and forced specialists to resort to new emergency shutdowns throughout the country, we are constantly increasing the generation and supply of electricity almost every day we add more volume, but it is important not to forget and not to forget to all that restoring 100% of the energy system as it was before the beginning of the russian energy terror is now impossible, it takes time, that is why in most places of the districts there are schedules of outages, the

ministry of economy reported that it was already possible to export 21 billion dollars of food products from ukraine this year, the same grain corridor plays an important role in increasing volumes, mainly wheat, rapeseed, corn and sunflower oil earlier in the government reported that food exports in fact almost reached the level before the full-scale invasion of russia into our country the national bank of ukraine determined how many bank branches should be open even during a blackout so at least 35 branches 35% of branches that will work in the event of a full blackout in the event of a long-term power outage, such branches must be provided with everything necessary, among other things, communication channels for continuous work in the

absence of electricity by additional staff with cash registers, atms and cash, the uninterrupted operation of the contact centers of the national bank of ukraine and ukrainian banks has already been organized, which will inform customers about the location and work schedule of such on-call branches, if your bank has not yet informed you about such branches, contact your bank. well, ask for this information, my bank i am overwhelmed with such information. the authorities of kyiv are collecting information about businesses that are also ready for power outages, that have generators ready to work in the event of a blackout this was announced by the mayor of kyiv, vitaliy klychko, who continues to inform citizens about the work of individual communal facilities, institutions with autonomous power sources, a list and addresses of individual stores of retail chains, pharmacies, vet clinics and banks that are able to work in the absence of electricity in

the network have been compiled, the capital officials offer entrepreneurs fill out a special form for it, businesses can enter information about their institutions that are ready to continue working autonomously, this data will already be processed and published on the official website kyiv city hall, but now it is traditional on thursdays that we talk with the economist igor brokovsky, head of the institute of economic research and political consultations. today mr. igor and i have a very interesting topic, mr. game, congratulations. congratulations , we will talk about the role of the state in the economy. i read that the data on the mth percent redistribution of money through the budget of the entire economy of ukraine, and it turned out that from the usual 40% redistribution for ukraine,

we have already reached 78 percent, and this economy, and here is some such rz of the ussr, does it not scare you, it does not scare me, because unfortunately we live in conditions of war, and under conditions of war, the role of the state increases significantly, the state concentrates a large amount of resources, the state receives a large amount of international aid. well, unfortunately e- e receipts of certain budgets in one are reduced because of this , the state is trying to somehow keep the ukrainian economy afloat, although it is clear that this is not only the role of the state, but the role of business itself. well, in addition, let's remember another we already entered history with a fairly significant presence of the state in covid and in the war, well, let's remember the situation, for example, with the nationalization of privatbank by some other banks already on the eve of the war,

let's say about half of the ukrainian banking system was in the hands of the state, and the state was already developing and privatizing in order to bring market proportions in a certain balance, how does it generally affect the manageability of the ukrainian economy, stability, the course, inflation, this is what i noticed personally, which increased administrative restrictions, that is, if the market the economy is where there are many different economic agents , where there is a lot of the private sector, it itself in many cases regulates the price there, and probably not the exchange rate, for example, when it is flexible, now we see many administrative restrictions where the state sets what the exchange rate should be, what the price of fuel should be on the ceiling. well, maybe it is not always

done directly like this, sometimes due to some agreements with counterparties and, well, in general, when it comes to a state of emergency, and we have a state of emergency today, in theory, in practice, the state can use two groups of tools, the first group of tools is direct administration , that is, when the maximum possible price is established, that is, a certain price ceiling and for certain products, the state tries to regulate the session in one way or another, on the other hand, these are, i would say, not quite direct tools yes, but let's say that the state takes over the regulation of, for example, the same exchange rate, that is, in fact, the exchange rate is tied to a certain indicator on the market , certain restrictions are established, and thus the state is trying to keep the situation under control. well, answering your previous question, i think it is inevitable, but after a certain period of time, after we win, and after

the situation becomes more definite , the state will have to have an appropriate strategy in order to get out of the whole of an administratively nationalized economy of an administratively nationalized model of managing economic processes and we will talk about this in more detail, but i would still like to break it down into components. that's why so many states appeared yes, during wartime, it is clear that expenses for the army are increasing, foreign aid goes to us, first of all, it goes to the budget, it does not go through some private channels, although this also happens, and thus the share of the state increases . cases when the state grew at the expense of the private sector, i remember the transfer of private factories to the ministry of defense, what

else ? yes, as they say about ordinary money, well, we can also say that there is a certain growth of the public sector due to, let's call it, sanctions or alienation of the same assets that belong to, say, the same russian e-e oligarchs to russian owners on the territory of ukraine, and these assets are transferred to management arma we have a special organization like this one that manages assets on behalf of the state well, as a rule, these are assets that are under sanctions, assets that are seized, assets that are state received through certain court procedures, you are right about the fact that today the state has already transferred into its ownership, but officially it is called the state management of five enterprises and e. each of these enterprises has its own history and here

. that if we mention the same enterprises that were handed over to the state, then these enterprises, yes, they have, on the one hand, an important importance. well, let's say the same ones . er, with fuel and lubricants, factories that produce, let's say, cars, er, and er, some others , but here there are two questions: on the one hand, they are needed, and on the other hand, er, let's say, the same ukrnafta that was controlled by mr. kolomoiskyi, you already know this is such a long-running history, it did not appear during the war and at night appeared a long time ago when it was just about such a first attempt of deo de oligarchization, as for three out of five enterprises, they are unfortunately in a very bad state, first of all, the financial state and therefore, when the state takes it over, on the one hand, yes, formally, it sprouts new new

assets, but on the other hand, all assets will have to be added to something, something will have to be added because, as i have already said, three of them are in a state of bankruptcy, obviously, it will be necessary to look for some options for in order to write off these debts well, in addition, some of these assets, so to speak, unfortunately suffered from the war, in order for them to work fully in the state, the state will need to invest funds, and there are such resources. now we can to hope that the funds will still be invested and new jobs will be invested and created, or at least the jobs that are there now will be preserved and these enterprises will work, uh, such a promise was made, but what do you think? well, i think that to some extent the state will the promise is kept. another question is the extent to which these enterprises will work. because each enterprise has its own history, has its own suppliers, and well, by and

large, if we look at the general plan, not only at these enterprises, then the state finds funds and own funds and funds, let's say, from sources of international aid in order to ensure such, you know, operational recovery, yes, that is, to repair something, it is possible to build some such, conditionally speaking, temporary bridges there or to do something else, therefore, in such a regime, i think the state will do something but unfortunately, it takes time, unfortunately, these are not the kind of enterprises that you can take into your hands today and start receiving full production volumes from them tomorrow. therefore, unfortunately, this is a problem with this problem. i will have to deal with it. i will remind you that this is zaporizhzhia, a transformer, where the company that we need for the energy sector to resume its production is ukrnafta , ukrtatnafta

. but the minority, or rather the second majority, is an important shareholder, he actually controlled the management of this company, this is the privat group of igor kolomoiskyi, gennady bogolyubov and ukrtatnafta - this is the processing of fuel, of course for our military, this is autokras - these are armored cars, of course, they are needed at the front, and hm motor sich is a scandalous manufacturer of aircraft engines . as it turned out, the owner cooperated with them now, and there are no questions. there is no reason why this enterprise became state-owned and came into state ownership, and we need motors yes, engines are needed for airplanes for unmanned aerial vehicles, fortunately, we know how to produce them. as far as i understand, our enemies are not very good at producing them, so there is an advantage here

. ukrtekneft and assets that were unfortunately affected by russian air raids because there was a certain infrastructure for storing fuel and lubricants, we know the whole history of these, just what concerns the autocrash, what concerns the zaporizhzhia transformer, and these are exactly the two enterprises that are currently in a state of bankruptcy and where, in principle, you know, such extraordinary measures are needed in order to force these enterprises to work, and i would add that auto paint is precisely the production various types of cars, various types of motor vehicles, vehicles that are needed above all today for the army, yes, wheeled armored vehicles that can help us liberate ukrainian territories, i hope that this will happen as soon as possible. and how will the private sector return after the war, i see several ways, that's clear.

they promise to return these enterprises to their owners or to compensate for this transfer to the ministry of defense, another way is foreign investment, so that will come, but i honestly have doubts that private business will be ready to quickly invest in the development of the ukrainian economy, at least in the first years after the end of the war, what else can happen. can privatization be carried out ? here the situation is like this, which means that all enterprises today have the status of military property and are under the management of the ministry of defense of ukraine. further when the relevant decision was made, it was written that after e-e cancellation of e-e state of emergency, these assets

can be returned to the owners or their value can be compensated accordingly, it is difficult to say how it will happen today. well, in addition, there are two options for compensation. the first option is if the state makes a decision and there are appropriate agreements with by the owners well, there are a lot if so, then this compensation will take place within five years during the period of emergency or if appropriate agreements are reached again within a year after the completion of the lifting of the state of emergency this money will be paid this money will be paid by the owners another option - it's really uh rust will nationalize them but again when it comes to nationalization it is as a rule as it seems to me foreseen first of all paid nationalization considering the fact that here the property was seized not as

a result of some administrative actions, you know, violation of criminal legislation and some other such, i would say legal procedures, but because it was done in order to er, er, to support the ukrainian economy and, above all, the ukrainian armed forces during the war, well, it works under companies. i understand, but do you remember that you wanted to sell the odesa port plant ? oschadbank privatbank was considered how they will sell what or whether it will be divided into separate businesses, these are the processes we should rely on, or for a long time the banking sector is actually half state-owned. and even if the bank is nationalized which used to be called alpha bank, in general, the state will be on the banking market for much more than half, as i already said at the very beginning, the state is already very actively present, very

intensively present in the banking market, and even then certain strategies were developed in coordination with the international monetary fund fund, the world bank, how to transition to a normal market economy, it is clear that it was all hidden. at first, it slowed down in connection with covid, then everything slowed down in connection with the war, so i think that we will return to this question. another question is how we will get here, how we will be and what we will do directly. you are absolutely right that today it is very difficult to find any serious investors abroad, it is practically impossible. well, of course, few people will invest without sufficient guarantees in the economy of a country that is currently at war. well, by the way, this is not only a question of banks, it is also a question of attracted foreign investments for the urgent reconstruction of ukraine and for the medium and long-term of long-term reconstruction. therefore, you know that the issue is complex and what we are talking about today is a part of the big problem of how to attract funds

in general, how to work with private investors during the state of emergency and after its cancellation regarding the ukrainian oligarchs, we understand that even a few years ago such a common expression was that the economy of ukraine is managed by all kinds of oligarchs and they have control over different industries or even different regions, and now during the war, it seems to me that their role has noticeably decreased not only because of the actions of russia, which bombed them to forget, as well as because of the actions of the state, as we say, the state grew, and accordingly, private business, he reduced his operations, even force magazine wrote that igor valeryovich kolomoisky ceased to be a dollar billionaire, well, this has never happened in my memory, this is the first time what is happening with the oligarchs, mr. igor, with the oligarchs, as it seems to me

, three processes are taking place today, the first process is uh, problems related to losses, which they are not, and uh, these losses uh, uh, reduce the value of business, yes, that is business it has its value depending on how much, what income it brings, under what conditions it works, well, there are already a lot of financial factors here, but by and large, if you look at, let's say, not the top of the richest ukrainian businessmen, they still suffered losses and of course , rinata akhmetov suffered no more loss, it is believed that he lost more than half of the value of his business, as for assets, this is the topic of a separate conversation today, and it means compiling such a list losses, but this is the first problem. the second problem is that economic activity has decreased in general, and it is clear that such sectors in which the oligarchs worked directly were, as a rule, metallurgy, and

they are not so large-scale today. it is very difficult to export something, taking into account the corresponding physical losses. here there are here there are problems well, finally, what is the third moment at this moment, which is connected with the fact that in recent years certain economic changes took place in the ukrainian field, yes, the oligarchs continued to dominate, this is metallurgy, this is electricity is real estate, energy is investment activity, but at the same time, new e-companies appeared that worked, say, in the it sector in the sector of the same renewable energy sector. decreased, but the political weight remained, these are the processes, and i think that for the oligarchs , the current situation turned out to be a very difficult element of self-determination, or are you with ukraine?

then accordingly you must support the army, support your workers, support society, or if you are against ukraine, then be prepared for sanctions that will be applied against you by the national security and defense council and our international partners, and the last question is very short and actually yes or no without a big arguments, can the old oligarchs regain their influence after the war, or have we finally gotten rid of their influence? i think that they will not be able to regain their influence due to objective reasons but it will not succeed, it depends on how the traditional anti-corruption, anti-oligarchic , oligarchic infrastructure works, that is, there is reason to say that their influence is decreasing and the possibilities of such influence are decreasing, but then a lot will depend on the state post-war period, mr. igor, thank you for your comments, today we

talked about the role state in the economy, about how it grew during the martial law and what will happen after the war. and also about the role of oligarchs , ihor brokovskyi, head of the institute of economic research and political consultations, spoke our regular guest of the program on thursdays. and i’m andriy yanitskyi, the news anchor on espresso with you on weekdays tomorrow at 8. let’s see you live on the air together we will win join the community with a ukrainian view of the world become a sponsor of the youtube channel espresso and this is access to exclusive content personal thanks pinned comments, special icons there, the possibility of personal communication with the espresso team, click to sponsor and become part of the community with a

ukrainian perspective mykola veresen, vitaly portnikov and the main topics of the week if against ukraine will be applied god forbid really tactical nuclear weapons it will definitely change the world stories problems analysis and personalities we are waiting for john gerbs is the former ambassador to the united states in ukraine day thank you for the invitation you have questions get answers so the question is waiting how to understand sports september every friday at 21:30 on espresso the war in ukraine is the main topic for ukrainians victory and loss analysis and forecasts politics and geopolitics serhiy rudenko and the guests of his program will talk about all this, people who own information and shape public opinion people who

defend ukraine and create the future right now the most important and interesting thing in the program is the verdict serhiy rudenko monday through thursday at 5:10 p.m. repeat at 9:30 p.m. iryna koval mother wife host of espresso tv channel and i am also a volunteer our military at the front every day need a lot of things and that is why part of my life today is helping the armed forces of ukraine and i am very grateful to my colleagues for supporting me in this war has become a part of each of us, i am trying to find the strength in myself to do not despair and continue to help our soldiers, in the end, the strength to wake up every morning is given by the tireless work of volunteers, the favorite

work and the closest people are near, but the most inspiring to live are our defenders, i thank our defenders for the opportunity to feel alive and support them financially, each of you can help , even a little contribution to the support of the army saves the lives of our soldiers and brings our victory closer, we continue our broadcast at 8:26 on the clock and on december 8, the fourth chischerinda games anna valevska 288 day of the full-scale invasion of russia into ukraine, the whole team works for 288 days, as before, supporting the ukrainian view of the world. thank you for being with us and supporting it. also, be interested in what is happening and what is most important for us to expect in

the future. for this, as always, we invite professional people and ask questions in they are not like that, but in general , we will emphasize experts, namely professionals, so that we understand what happens if we wait, and now we will join taras antoshevskyi, director of the religious of the information service of ukraine, we welcome you, mr. tarasa. good afternoon, mr. trasa, let's start with the operative. let's start with the operative. the operative came to us from the vatican from the pope. nazi germany during the second world war carried out against the jews, history repeats itself today, the pope said, addressing the polish pilgrims present, referring to the event organized by the center of catholic-jewish relations of the catholic university of lublin in poland, the event was

prophesied on the anniversary of operation reingard, it was called the plan to exterminate polish jews carried out by the nazis in 1942-1943, according to estimates at that time , about 1 million of seven hundred thousand jews, as well as an unknown number of poles, roma and soviet prisoners of war , among whom it was obvious that ukrainians were also ukrainians, the pope said let the memory of this terrible event will give all of us determination and action for the sake of peace and added: and history repeats itself, we are now seeing what is happening in ukraine. there, february, march, no, the changes have taken place very significantly, on the one hand, we can say that only the sources of the pope's information have changed,

before that he often voiced the information that he received from that environment what a circle it was necessary to say that the ukrainians for a long time, for example, did not have their own vertical emissary, so now we already have a longer time, there was a problem with communications for that time. on the other hand, the russian representation of the vatican vitaliy worked extremely powerfully and it is now working probably more powerfully than in many european countries and the world, and actually, first of all, this is propaganda, this is the imposition of the so-called dostoevshchyna, that is, such humane, good russian e-e, which shows more that i simply did not read there at all. the lord has no idea about russian and the more information the pope receives in recent months, the more we see how much he leans towards the ukrainian position, but what is interesting. in fact, i have been in this field for more than 20 years, and i have never seen a pontiff every day or