gas reserve well, we heard the first statement of the head of naftogaz, do we need an additional 2 billion cubic meters or more of natural gas to pass the heating season? we entered the heating season 14 plus on this reserve it is possible to pass the heating season if, in principle , there were no extraordinary situations. due to the fact that we currently have such a reduction in consumption. we have reduced consumption of natural gas. that is, we are now consuming less on the other hand, if the level of consumption is high enough and if these options are really found, where will the mobiles be delivered? power plants, what natural gas will be used? we remember that turkey also offered such ships, power plants, or natural gas power plants, if such solutions appear, then this means more

natural gas consumption, accordingly, the balance may not be balanced, and the main factor is, after all, the stoppage of transit for today, the transit continues from the side of the russian federation, but it is an inconvenient moment when they stop this transit, and this is the factor of reducing the pressure in the system, this is the factor that the system should work in the reverse mode, this is an increase the consumption of natural gas is very serious, and this , again, has a very negative effect on the gas balance, so there are very serious challenges here, especially in the period of february and march, about what herman galushchenko said about this, that russia can stop the transit of gas to europe through our gts i will say just as i said that we will most likely stop the worst moments because today it is possible to work out the work mode in the reverse mode. maybe at the

moment when we are in a rather difficult, uh, difficult situation, we will be given a resource our european friends, but if we still understand the logic of a bandit killer of a terrorist, then it is better to stop the transit exactly sometime in february, march, when our system will no longer have the resource capacity to work in reverse mode, or it will be very costly, and then it is just logical from the point of view of the terrorist to stop it all, and at that very moment, these are serious challenges. well, the situation must be perceived objectively, they will stop the transit in order to do the worst for ukraine, and this will be a challenge, thank you for the explanation of energy and defense environment 19-20 years old thank you for taking part in the analysis , now we have a short break, just a couple of minutes, wait a little longer, we will continue with our next guests, we will come back directly, we will

listen to people who suffer from rheumatism . and arthritic is impossible to get used to, it does not allow to move. i have tried everything and in the pharmacy i i bought a yellow dolgit cream, it saves me from pain in rheumatism, relieves pain, reduces swelling and improves the mobility of the joints in the wrists and back. christmas is a time when ordinary things acquire miraculous properties . gather together to celebrate and we will decorate our christmas trees even in times of war, our christmas trees will become places of strength, we will meet christmas together with our military, all together we will become even stronger, and as in christmas carols, light

defeats darkness, so in life, ukrainians will defeat moscow's zays, look with a sincere eye to god's to our son, to our land, to ukraine , a great gift came down from heaven, may it be glorified forever. merry christmas. every week, the saturday political club helps to understand the processes of what is happening in ukraine and the world. vitaly portnikov, host espresso and invitation experts based on facts give their assessment and forecast of the development of events, you want to understand how our today will affect our tomorrow, watch the saturday political club that on saturdays on espresso

we continue our broadcast on 16.04 on the clock and today is the eve of christmas. it is already dark in some parts of ukraine, they have already seen a star, that is why christ was born, we praise him, we praise him, and after 4:00 p.m. they say good evening, in principle. will celebrate because we know that during the cultural occupation by the soviet union, we all got used to christmas on the 26th, well, at least we have it in sumy oblast. that's right. maybe there are more of us in the western part of ukraine, more assimilated to europe, and there was no such thing, i don't know how you feel in our family of 6 has always been told that now there is no julian calendar and no christmas with the russians only

on december 25, but the most interesting thing is that in 2000 it seems to be the 50th year. well, if the church follows this julian calendar old man who is not perfect, christmas will not be on january 7 , january 8. we will have to. that is, i think that we may even live to this date, god willing, then the 8th will have to be celebrated, since the julian calendar is not perfect and the days are still coming, so dear friends, let's do not come to the eighth, we will still celebrate with everyone, together with the civilized world, that it is christianity, involve professional people, or we have a little understanding of that topic, kyrylo hovorun, doctor of philosophy, professor of stockholm university college with us, kyrylo, we wish you a good evening and we are also happy to welcome andriy kovalev on our broadcast, religion expert, historian andriy, good evening , we are ready, you are ready to celebrate christmas not on the

seventh of january 8, in 30 years, god grant us all to live long, i am asking you more reverend, you are probably the first mr. kyrylo yes, well, in any case, this is a rather conditional date, we don’t know when exactly on which day christ was born, so it was somehow decided that we would celebrate christmas on december 25, and really, after after calendar reforms reforms were carried out by the pope and gregory , it is december 25, it is in those countries that implemented this reform, it happens on the seventh of january, but this is, in any case, a conditional date, there are three options for celebrating christmas in general in the christian world, now it is the first, it is

december 25 and for this for this uh this number celebrates christmas really the majority of uh christians all over the world it's january 7 uh it's a bit wrong to say that this is what this is eastern christmas that is celebrated as opposed to the western result because january 7th is celebrated christmas uh and four orthodox churches in general a-a against e-e 11 or there are different accounts of the number of churches that celebrate 25 december 25. the truth about the orthodox world has accepted to celebrate e-e on both dates and there is also an armenian church that celebrates january 6. so we have three options so and uh, well, now ukraine really can celebrate christmas according to two options: december 25 or january 7. thank you, mr. andrii. well, i have a question for you, so if one more day does not pass in a certain time, there will be a decade, then we will move smoothly on

january 8, anna, you know, i am very grateful. i have a case this cyril should ask something about january 8, because we are obviously orthodox. with this railing, we celebrate christmas on december 25. it 's not just that some of the orthodox celebrate it according to the julian calendar, and someone celebrates it according to the new ilian calendar, so it's strange to talk about january 8, to be honest, and we see public resonance in ukraine, we obviously see public interest, we see that it is not representative, the survey conducted in action emphasizes that 60% of those surveyed in action support the celebration of christmas on december 25, but the truth must be told to remind you of a very important thing, a huge number of ukrainians, catholics, protestants, have always celebrated christmas on december 25 in ukraine, and it did not cause any

resonance, and just by the way, the verkhovna rada of the eighth convocation of the last verkhovna rada, after the revolution of dignity, thought that a large number of ukrainians celebrate this christmas on december 25, and december 25 was not a day off, even according to the old soviet custom, although january 7, by the way, was a public holiday, and therefore the day off was finally legalized as a legal holiday for so that those ukrainians who celebrate december 25 have the opportunity to celebrate and have a day off. obviously, this does not apply to people like me who go to the military because we have no holidays now and, in principle, the orthodox church treats military people . at the same time, from the point of view of the orthodox economy, certain concessions are also imposed on them, here are some features of the celebration of christmas, mr. andrew. well, we even saw the new julian in the title the calendar and the gregorian calendar, they have

differences, well, the old julian calendar, i understand the gregorian calendar, and what does the new julian calendar mean, how does it differ from the gregorian calendar, it’s obvious that there is almost nothing to say before, will father kirill give me a rulership in constantinople, or tell me then in istanbul, such an all-orthodox council was convened at the initiative of patriarch maleki of kostopil, who suggested that he should switch to the new ulyansk church, apparently because of political considerations, he decided to call it no gregorian because he was associated with the pope and gregory, and to call it the new illian, but in fact, if we are talking about the political component, yes, or the solidarity component . nation because there is a large

number well, let's say the nations from western europe where there are really catholics, the culture is going where now it is obvious that advertising or the spirit of the holiday is on december 25, and the orthodox celebrated on the seventh or january 6 and such method succeeded it was possible to solidify the nation, to solidify the people, and the whole nation now celebrates december 25, obviously there was a certain opposition, for example in bulgaria, the old conservative people for a long time in bulgaria did not want to switch to the new illian style, but a very interesting formula was proposed, something similar to what is now in ukraine, when part of the communities could celebrate, could live for the new lians, and the rest of the communities could live with the julian calendar, several generations passed, and in 1960 there was a celebration of the life, so to

speak, of the churches according to the new julian calendar square should be said, in fact, even then, the environment of the kyiv patriarchate, before the ptu, there were bishops, streets, priests who said that it was obvious that we should switch to the new illian style, let me at least here recall the metropolitan of lutsk of volyn , mykhailo, for a long time he actually proposed switching to the neviliv calendar in order to celebrate, for example, christmas on december 25. at a certain point, he was even condemned by the synod of the orthodox church of ukraine for such a kind of self-government, but we see that now the son of the orthodox church ukraine blessed the celebration, you know, as an experiment in the celebration of christmas on december 25, but at the same time we see that it became a trigger for many communities in ukraine, for example, in kropivnytskyi, it would seem that central ukraine is western ukraine , in central ukraine, in kropivnytskyi, the petropavlovsk parish made a decision

unanimously to switch to the principle of liturgical life according to the new illian calendar in volyn, many communities have already made such a decision for themselves in bukovina, a certain parade takes place when communities let's say even without the decision of the synod, even without the decision of the church government, but they are already moving to religious life according to the new alyan calendar . it's about mobilization, and this moment will not cause divisions there, so others will celebrate. yes, mr. kyrylo, how is it to lead, as mr. andrii says . in the orthodox church, these are the so-called old-style churches, which arose and andriy mentioned bulgaria, indeed, in romania and in greece, they are, uh, communities

, even dioceses, this is quite a number, uh, the number of uh, orthodox who disagreed with by switching to the gregorian calendar , and they are turning away from the church in the 20s of the last century, so i think that it is possible to avoid such a split, which is unnecessary in ukraine, if we really leave it up to the communities themselves to decide when they want to celebrate so we will to talk about the diversity of christmas celebrations in ukraine and not about the school anymore, and when the communities themselves decide. i think this is the essence of the decision of the orthodox church of ukraine. the communities themselves decide when it is better for them to celebrate. this will allow us to avoid another unnecessary division into the ukrainian idle time. by the way, i have to mention that even the ukrainian orthodox church of the moscow patriarchate has long had a practice of this. although it does not advertise it, such a celebration is also held on december 25 and january 7 in the same bukovina, where

many romanian e-e communities e-e and romanian communities they serve in the romanian language on the territory of ukraine yes they serve in ukraine e-e the romanian language and they even celebrated and continue to celebrate christmas on december 25 that is, this diversity already exists in ukraine in different legal even even to the moscow patriarchate, as it is not surprising, but this diversity does not only apply to christmas. but if we switch to this calendar, then we should celebrate saint nicholas on december 6. gifts yes in baptism this january if i am not mistaken vasyl and malanka january 1 october 1 please yes october i did not hear the intercession for example october 1 will obviously have to carry some certain corrections to the secular calendar well , that is, the transition to this calendar simply destroys our entire calendar in general imaginary well, we have defender's day here on october 14, and

then we have to move it there already to october 1. well, it's like that. well, it's funny, but well, saint nicholas 6, although my wife told me that next year, nicholas coming from december 6, all the leadership here is very important, i can say that you said very correctly the imaginary calendar and father kirill started from this that the day of the celebration of the nativity of christ was a certain consensus among the orthodox . for us orthodox , the very fact of the birth of christ is much more important. the very fact of his birth in bethlehem is whitewashed by the mother of god, and not, let's say , born on december 25. we have what is called the symbol of faith. it's easier to say. in fact, this is a declaration of our faith, and the

declaration of our faith does not say that we believe in christ born on december 25, er, but it is about something completely different. and in fact, orthodox people are those who are really practicing christians, they remember the nativity of christ almost every day, we remember during the liturgy, we remember christ together with two christs, for example, tomorrow on sunday, regardless of whether it is christmas or not, i will come to the church, obviously, on lent, the priest will remember christmas in the same way as every sunday we celebrate, so to speak, a small easter, because on sundays we celebrate the resurrection of christ, er, there is less of a question of fasting , for example, the philippian fast, when should it start if we have christmas on the 25th, which means that it should start earlier than if we have christmas on the seventh kirill, we correctly pointed out that christmas is only a part of the church calendar and when christmas

is moved, the entire church calendar should move accordingly by 13 days, and after 2010 by 14 days and so on. the decision is to take only one holiday from this church calendar of such holidays. there are several so-called twelfth holidays, 12 holidays, some of them are tied to the easter cycle, it is separate from the calendar, and most of the holidays are actually tied to the annual cycle and then this entire annual cycle of the calendar must be shifted, it includes the feast of the intercession and nicholas and all other holidays, in fact, every day we celebrate something, and this every day must be shifted accordingly by 13 days, so the decision has been made so far what to celebrate christmas is the way it is, but to be consistent, of course, you need to review the entire calendar, and now the owners of the church, the majority of orthodox churches that have switched to the gregorian calendar, the so

-called new style, they celebrate without a cycle and consecutively from sumy for 13 days, and in ukraine for now there is no such thing, and on the other hand, if if personally, this is my attitude towards it, that it is not bad to celebrate twice, especially since st. nicholas, we celebrate twice a year one way or another. and so we can celebrate four times a year, it will not be a problem, the only thing that will be confused is that it can be confused in the church, in the church, when divine services are performed, there should be only one calendar , two calendars cannot be used in the church at the same time, here the community should be the same, the priest is already -e, focusing on the decision of the church to decide how to do it. you mentioned the survey in action, but the rating group also gives its figures. they say that almost half of ukrainians, precisely 44% , support moving the date to today for tomorrow, on december 25, er, this is a research rating, i emphasize, and if you compare it with

last year, there were 26, there were 26, it became 44, but it doubled er, let's say this, but also such a group of people who will celebrate again eh- twice and on the 25th and on the seventh, and again such confusion comes out, when to celebrate, please clarify in fact, the current situation in the country does not need to be explained much for the situation we have a war, full-scale aggression. and it is natural that ukrainians, like many years ago, who 100 years ago consider everything from russia to be cursed and hated. and therefore they want to stay away from russia and when there is an opportunity to even live according to a different church calendar and live for example

the russian orthodox church is qualitatively different from this church, so the ukrainians obviously support it, but it is obvious that, at the moment, each community has to decide this for itself. but if we want to live in the family of universal orthodoxy, if we want really find some visible difference because sometimes in the villages, e-e, for example, ukrainians in your native sumy oblast and ukrainians ask me the question and why should you change your submission to the orthodox church of ukraine, why should you, why another priest, how will they qualitatively differ from the moscow patriarchate, this is qualitatively will obviously differ if we want to be a member of the family of universal orthodoxy let's join the decision of the council of 1923 and i still, that is, if we celebrate the seventh we are assimilated with the russians who today they threw us a goal in the center of kherson,

would you like it, i want to say something else, unfortunately, russia, and any empire, the russian empire, the soviet empire , or the current putin empire, all the time turns ukrainians into mentally ill people with a split personality if people want to celebrate the new year on december 31, then they should also celebrate christmas on december 25, because the whole logic of e-e calendar behavior is violated. but we have two calendars. december 14th new year january, new year, let's remember this, it's about the old new year. and one more thing i would like to say, with all due respect to my respected father cyril, but i want to criticize him a little and correct him in accordance with the current legislation on freedom of conscience, religious organizations, article 14 e-e of the law of ukraine e- this is the church that was

announced as the ukrainian orthodox church in the moscow patriarchate, which is called in ukraine the russian orthodox church in ukraine, and this is an established fact . during the october revolution, the entire russian church once switched to the gregorian calendar, to the new style, the whole church switched, this was the decision of the church of patriarch tikhon at that time and at the same time. the experiment turned out to be a failure of the epc, and since very active protests began within the rpc, they returned to the old style. psychologically and er and socially it is really like p andriy correctly noted that er-er this is part of

that absolutely justified campaign of the company about delimitation of distancing from this russian and therefore socially it is understandable, but historically it can be said that in russia there was either during the period when when they celebrated christmas in a new style and in ukraine, as i said, even before these decisions, churches celebrated and continue to celebrate christmas in a new, new style, so fundamentally little changes, but as a social step a gesture on the part of ukrainian society, these measurements, these polls are social, they really indicate that ukrainians want to go as far as possible from moscow, and this also explains the support for the celebration of carving in a new style , andriy, this is an attempt, give it to me. i also wanted to say in continuation of the words of this father kirill, obviously this social reaction is called the

words of khvylovy away from moscow. once upon a time, graduates of kyiv-mohyla women who were graduates of the synodal russian orthodox church dreamed of the idea of ​​universality - such universality of universalism that you you know, jokingly, i will say from chop to vladivostok , everything was the same, but if we really want, if we claim the right to autocephaly for our independent church, we must return to our ukrainian traditions, and by the way, mr. kyril very er, father kyril very correctly pointed out that really there was an experiment in the russian orthodox church during the time of patriarch tikhon about the transition to the new julian style. but at the same time, the russian orthodox church is silent about all the reforms and experiments of the 20s and 30s. i want to remind you that the same patriarch is not quiet about this it must be said that he canceled all the anathemas that were imposed by the russian church for political reasons, in particular, he also canceled the anathema against hetman ivan mazepa, but the ideological

successors are not the patriarch's church, but the ideological successors of the re-established moscow patriarchate during stalin's time are in in september of 1943, they continue to declare anathema against eh, eh, in particular, hetman ivan mazepa, photos of mr. andrii. but if we are talking about christmas, we cannot but talk about easter or now the christian easter should also be the same, why is there now a discrepancy in the calendars of the meeting of the celebration of easter, should we not unite together with the majority of the christian world and celebrate it on one day, please andrew, well, you need to say what is the definition of pascal or the definition of easter it does not relate in any way to this calendar, well, the new lian calendar or the old ulyan calendar. let's put it this way, there is absolutely no

relation. and indeed, the orthodox church and the catholic church determine the celebration of easter according to different traditions, but i i am convinced that as far as the celebration of easter is concerned, the orthodox here will be inviolable , they will be in common at the mouth and by the ancient treatises, after all, that the definition of the celebration of easter according to the orthodox tradition is the truth and that we will never say to universal orthodoxy . is it a compromise or a celebration according to the catholic tradition or the eastern tradition? obviously, father kirill can add or refute, well, let me remind you that, for example, if we say easter in our country, it is the day of the resurrection of christ, then the poles have vulkan that is, the big night. so there are such disagreements. well, not only in the name, but in the dates. while they exist, mr. kirill, i am asking mr. andriy absolutely right, that is a completely different cycle - it is easter seconds tied to the local calendar, and it is

calculated according to a completely different logic there is a different mathematics for calculating these easter dates, but it should be noted that there are attempts to combine even the two pascals of the western and eastern ones, and for example, recently there was a joint statement of patriarch bartholomew, the ecumenical patriarch and pope francis about it is possible that they are ready to consider the possibility of even synchronizing the two easters in order to celebrate together so that the western and eastern churches celebrate christmas together, this issue has been discussed for a long time . it became like this to be a trigger and an excuse to start talking, it is possible for us to continue to celebrate easter on one day, and some orthodox churches are decided by one church. and this is what , for example, the finnish orthodox church does in finland, which is part of the ecumenical

patriarchate, it celebrates easter together with western christians, their easter is western, this did not lead to a split within orthodoxy , i look at me, many friends in finland, they start to greet us already with the western paschal, it will be a long time before we have easter and well and it seems to me that it is not so scary, it is normal , but of course with pravy, we, as a people, ukrainians are probably not ready for even such a step, but for the transition to easter, let's see, let's see what will happen with merry christmas, as long as we continue, we want to continue the celebration of christmas christmas on december 25 for the truth let's be honest that in fact the discussion about changing calendars about changing the celebration is mostly in ukrainian society and people who mostly don't go to church are commenting on one side and three are complaining. therefore, it is obvious that what is needed to ask believers for practice