of every ukrainian soldier, i repeat, and er, the enemy carries probably, well, according to my estimates, 5:10 more losses, and this critical ratio is perceptible according to our information in pana. eh drives away those one-time trench attacks storm and sooner or later it will end because there can not be such a pressure as a compressed spring that is how they put pressure on their own soldiers eh they don't even consider them to be soldiers critical pressure and it has to endure in the form of that that their army will run away and they will no longer be able to maintain discipline here, they are already on the verge of keeping it, because well, i can't imagine what more measures of influence they can implement in order to maintain discipline in these countries when this

spring has finally fired. thank you, mr. volodymyr, for that volodymyr nazarenko, deputy commander of the svoboda battalion as part of the fourth operational brigade of the national guard of ukraine , told about your every minute, active daily and monthly work in the bakhmut direction . well, we will pass it on little by little baton to our andrii yanitsky, economic news time, andriy, thank you for the word, colleagues. we will continue to sum up the year and predict what awaits us in the next year on the espresso tv channel live , as usual, on weekdays at 8:00 a.m., if you missed it, you can watch it at 11:00 p.m. repeat and at any time on the internet on the espresso youtube channel or after the release of the program or right now maybe you are already watching our stream like it

send the link to your friends and family subscribe to the espresso youtube channel like us will see more people. the holidays are approaching. our correspondents visited the christmas market in kremenchuk. let's see what the demand or supply prevails there. my colleagues are telling me what the story is. there is some kind of situation. so far there is no story, then i will tell you about the technical problems . let's start the festive mood with it economic news one of the markets in kremenchuk where this year, as always, you can buy christmas trees, saleswoman natalka sells christmas trees and wreaths made of fir needles made by craftsmen herself ivano-frankivska in the forest in twigs

are left to be gathered twigs are made wreaths are felled this is not on purpose this is already a healthy christmas tree that is cut down in forestry then it is collected from the waste i take social dots i make seedlings at night such wreaths are given for 100 uah christmas trees from 100 to 500 depending from the size, ms. valentina chose a one-meter spruce for uah 350, expensive, of course. and what if she is in the hospital now, and her grandson needs it, and he needs a year old. the first christmas tree is still not crowded and the demand is too low, says saleswoman tetyana, who sells poltava pine here every year he says that now they mostly take small trees from us, christmas trees, for example, 1.20 m, a meter costs uah 70-200, that is, the prices have remained at the level of last year, and since the expenses for

combustible materials, well, salaries have also risen, then we do not remain prices, we trade as they were last year's prices, the cheapest christmas trees in the city are offered by the local forestry farm, common pine up to uah 90 crimean 135 new year compositions from branches can be purchased here for uah 60 separately, a twig from 15 , experts say, trees are grown on specially designated new year's plantations and only pine, because spruce does not take root on average for sale, they grow for 5 years, they do not have any leftovers, because they do not dispose of it, it is used in the future, there is also a fodder base for sheep, which are also present in some forestry enterprises, uh, well, we feed, yes, they feed sheep , they, yes, they they also eat needles. no, they are needles. they just eat them. they like the label with the barcode on the tree, a sign of the legality

of the sale, however, when choosing a new year's beauty , the people of kremenchuk pay attention to another splendor. well, she is worth it. no, not everything is equal. as well, i pay attention to how much it costs , they didn't compare, they didn't compare so far, it's sitting for the first time. today and tomorrow they will already go for christmas trees. this is how we will find out from our guest whether he has already installed a christmas tree at home ihor borokovsky, head of the institute of economic research and political consultations with us as usual on thursdays, mr. igor, congratulations, congratulations. you have already decorated the house

with a christmas tree . by my grandmother, this is an artificial christmas tree and you already know that it has become like this, i would say that it is family, if not protected, then in any case it is tradition to decorate these old christmas trees, this is very ecological and uh, i know that our economy also uh now takes into account ecological needs in the world is very fashionable, but to have such a circular economy. how do they say it , or circular, they still use such a word when nothing is sent to the garbage, but is reused. that is, you are in the trends of the world economy . this year, european countries introduced an oil barge against russia and a price

ceiling for those countries that are not part of this invago, this ceiling works through cargo insurance, i.e. if there is a cargo of oil on the ship of russian goods with a price higher than the recommended one, then the insurance companies refuse to insure and thus this cargo cannot get to the port of destination. does this embargo work? do we see the effect of these rules? well, the embargo only started working, in fact, on the fifth of december. therefore, we have to wait at least a month to see how it works or does not work at all, but if we say we will see according to the data of the blumber agency who in the first week after the introduction of the embargo, then, well, i will not say that it is very serious, but in principle, we will get e.e. export of russian oil, oil has decreased and why this is the situation with the embargo is very interesting, on the one hand, it is really a punishment for russia, it is a sanction tool that is used against the

russian federation, on the other hand, the introduction of the embargo is very beneficial , including the european union and those countries that have colors to follow why because the lower the prices the less inflation and inflation today this is a big problem for the world economy thus we see that this tool actually performs two functions anti-inflationary and anti-russian in the good sense of this word. yes, i don’t know another meaning of this word. yes, mr. igor, what did putin do in response? i understand that he did not react very well to all these restrictions and sanctions. he constantly somehow threatens european countries that he will freeze them. what is he there, uh, what other sanctions, anti-sanctions are working, what did he invent this time, well, this time, what did putin invent there? he issued the corresponding legislative document, a decree, if

i'm not mistaken, he wrote that those countries that will receive illegal sanctions, you know the mantra today in the russian federation, illegal sanctions, sanctions that do not affect russia, but affect only those who directly apply them, so in this decree he wrote that countries to countries that will not , to countries that will comply with these sanctions, oil will not be supplied from my point of view, you know this, as the russians say , air is secretive why because the russian federation is very dependent on foreign markets, and here you can say to mr. to putin, let him read the materials of the meeting of the board of directors of the central bank of russia under the leadership of emiuling. where is it written that the external situation, that is, external sanctions have a negative impact and a significant negative impact on the russian economy, so let him talk to those who directly save the russian economy from sanctions from those troubles that are there today well, that is, how about food products

in their time even before the full-scale invasion, when they refused european products, in fact, and so on as in the case of gas when they also introduced restrictions on the supply of gas and with oil they did the same, it looks like a shot in the foot, in fact, that is, they give up foreign exchange income, lose foreign markets and are happy about it, their propagandists are also happy about it on television, strangely not it is clear why they are rejoicing , logic does not work here. i think that i think that we can say a very simple thing here when we talk about sanctions in a row in the foot and so on, this is all secondary. the primary one is that putin shot himself in the foot when launched a full-scale aggression against ukraine , and that's where the sanctions went, and the political isolation, and some other problems, including internal political troubles in the russian federation, so to talk about the fact that, you know, sanctions are some

kind of trifle. from my point of view, we are absolutely wrong and this is, in principle, as a result of this policy pursued by putin , and it must be recognized, and not even on february 24 of this year, we will remember the 14th year . not only saddened that european countries and, well, developed countries in general, react to this very slowly. well, nevertheless, we are talking about this year. december is already coming to an end , let's sum up the results of the year. mykhailo demkiv from the icu investment group. i will briefly outline the main trends they identified, and they mentioned inflation. you also mentioned inflation. they also mentioned unprecedented sanctions. we also talked a little about sanctions, and then halls about european integration that this year there was as much european integration in ukraine as

there was not. even our trade agreements with europe were not profitable there, but it is clear that forced by this european integration , we were forced to abandon eastern and northern markets and focus on europe plus they said that it is necessary to learn to live in conditions of uncertainty, and that, in principle, it was also before and not to relax, because the european western countries will not always support us in such amounts, they will not always give us billions of dollars of ours and euros in the budget and support, we must learn to live independently at our own expense, well, this is more like a forecast for the future. what was important to you this year, what events could you call key in the e. i started by saying that the key event of the year, unfortunately, is a very sad event, it is a war, uh, russian full-scale aggression against ukraine, because all these things

that uh, respected experts talked about and which you listed today are the consequences of this war and indeed it did not change our whole life in different ways for everyone but nevertheless it changed and it is very fundamentally fundamental as they say today it has changed the order of the political agenda of the country this is what we will talk about all the time and unfortunately this is the price the consequences will be to feel not only in the short-term, medium-term, in the long term, therefore, if we return to what happened or did not happen, i would honestly add three more such points , although again, all of them in one way or another related to them point one, we see the formation of the so-called rammstein mechanism and the rammstein mechanism, despite all the problems, it currently provides the necessary weapons for ukraine, we can say a lot or a little, but there is a certain other informal institution that helps us, the second factor e- the second factor or event, so to speak, i would still like to say that the ukrainian

economy did not fall into a crisis, and in this case, we turned out to be quite stable and stable due to domestic economic policy and we stand at the expense of the help that is given to us today, we are talking about the banking system, we are talking about fulfilling, let's say, the same social obligations that the state assumed, of course, with a limitation. but nevertheless, it is also very important, i don't remember i wonder if the respected experts talked about it or not. ukraine faced an unprecedented migration , migration from east to west, immigration from ukraine to the west in the broad sense of the word . social ties are destroyed by the same social capital that the well -known researcher of events speaks about. but nevertheless, it is a holy fact with which we have to live. well, the last thing i would like to say, although it is possible that this is not the last, the list can be continued, i am thinking about what about the mass media, which took place in the

perception of russia by the ruling elites of the west and at least those countries that today form an anti-russian coalition, russia, a terrorist state, russia must be punished for what it directly did well, and uh, now many things are no longer such sacred cows well for example, let's say the same export of energy carriers from the russian federation, which was traditionally considered, you know, how something like this became like the eternal west, sunset, and therefore sunrise, that is, well, objective things, the same was considered the export of russian energy carriers and e-e gas and oil energy carriers directly to europe on today we see we see all kinds of restrictions and this is obviously my contribution to the list of problems of the changes that took place in 2022. yes, mrs. merkel is already in her troubles. and in an interview with such people after her resignation, the former head of germany says

that's where they bought this gas, and i still believe that it was all right, because in this way, we delayed a little and gave time to ukraine, that is, she is trying on - she is trying on such a role of a person who has been preparing for this before this invasion, although it can be seen that this is already an attempt to rationalize what she did and somehow convey a positive meaning to it. unfortunately, unfortunately, it really happened that russian oil and gas were bought without problems , forgetting about russia's aggression. you mentioned rammstein and uh that's interesting and many can to note that the military is all these things. they have nothing to do with the economy, and in fact, even forbes magazine this year, in its last issue, named the armed forces of ukraine as the main company of the year, how strange it is. but uh, actually that's

right, which company of the year was the main one for you, maybe uh, some business you could mention for yourself, which helped you the most this year or manifested itself, you know, it's always so very i would say a little sneaky questions who to name who is the best and so on i would agree with i started with the fact that the process is really a key event, you can call it in different ways, it really is a war with all the corresponding consequences, and i absolutely agree that the armed forces of ukraine, uh, this is exactly the factor that helps us preserve what is called the stability of the ukrainian economy and therefore what if there is no victory on the front of reconstruction, all other things. they just don't have any sense to discuss the war. all-ukrainian society, which today not only fights but also helps each

other, and purely in economic terms, it is ukrainians today who donate tens of millions , if not billions of hryvnias to support the army and help those who directly need it, so i would say about the formation of such a i would said the pro-ukrainian national economy. therefore, the ukrainian outfit, ukrainian people, ukrainian volunteers are, from my point of view, the same hero as the armed forces of ukraine, and very briefly about your expectations from the next year from the year do you have a positive, optimistic mood for the future? is it still true, as mr. president said yesterday in his address that we still have difficult times ahead of us and we need to hold ourselves in our hands and not relax? well, for me, the expectations are very simple. we will continue and we will preserve the consolidation of society in order to win the wars and prepare the necessary conditions for post-war reconstruction and the last thing i want to say is that i am honestly waiting for good

news with muscovy from the russian federation i am not waiting for new year's greetings i am reading i i am waiting for an obituary from moscow on the death of a well-known person and the regime that this person expects. yes, mr. igor, thank you, as they said in that joke. well, when a man constantly went to the newsstand with newspapers, he looked at the first column of the newspaper and never bought it. walking back, they asked him what are you looking for, he says, i am looking for an obituary, they tell him that obituaries are printed on the reverse side, no, this one will be printed on the first page, yes, we all also look at the first column of newspapers, ihor burakovskyi, the heads of the institute of economic of research and political consultations , they concluded the year and talked about the next uh-uh, this is an economic news program with andriy yanitsky on the espresso tv channel

. in the first week of january, the economy will not be on espresso, there will be normal news on this today, we will all win together, cinema, television, sports, music, education, free people have a choice, choose what you want on megogo, in 2023, we will not ask for anything so small from god we need one main victory

happy new year your channel espresso christmas is a time when ordinary things take on miraculous properties a time to gather together to celebrate and we will decorate our trees even in times of war our trees will be places of strength we will meet christmas together with our military all together we will become more stronger, and as in carols light defeats darkness, so in life ukrainians will defeat moscow's extra glances, his godfather is sincere to god's son, to our land, to ukraine, a gift came down from heaven , so that it may glorify in the eternal ages, merry christmas by christ,

i decided that i would really rather do more with a machine gun than with a microphone. at this moment, they would shoot us once without a break from aggression in the lng, taking turns for four hours. i thought that i died for seconds. ukrainian journalist who, after the full-scale invasion of russia, joins the ranks military commander and participates in the defense of kyiv oblast. and later, in one of the most difficult areas of success in donetsk oblast, he began working on the espresso tv channel back in 2013 while studying at the university, covering the events of the revolution of dignity and russian aggression against ukraine well, i was one of the last passengers of

the donetsk airport in general history. we flew there when donetsk was already captured . they filmed it in donetsk itself at the moment of the capture . they filmed directly and broadcast how they captured the prosecutor's office, how they tried to storm the sbu, and then they tried to attack us. right at this rally, there is simply no well, there is simply not the sbu, and then the first time i was in donetsk. well, it was the first time when i was in the very place of donetsk , yes, in the airport, i was passing by once again when i was already filming in the east, there already there was not much left of the airport at that time that i could recognize from the moment i arrived there, but in donetsk itself , a large survey was conducted, quite voluminous, and there the majority of respondents said that they do not shoot at all, what kind of movements with e-e

admiration with the branch because they are not aware and said that most of the people at the rallies are not from donetsk itself now you are already a military man after a full-scale invasion, you joined the ranks of tereo and now you are protecting our country no longer on the information front a-a directly and uh, you already have a chance to return to donetsk already in a different role, do you at all believe that it will be soon, oh no, i won’t say too soon, but i’m sure that it will be, because in fact i don’t see any other way out of this situation. that is i don't see any political or even moral possibility for some conditional minsk three four five ten is simply impossible given our situation because we can't just stop everything now

and stop and i think it will be a complete fiasco if it occurs to someone but in fact, fortunately, it still hasn't come. i hope that it won't be like that in my donetsk . to be honest, i don't really want to go to donetsk, but right now, i'll be honest , but in terms of liberating the city, of course, i always have something more about crimea. i think honestly. when i thought about the liberation of the ukrainian territories there, i always imagined myself standing in some kind of conditional yalta like this. ha ha, since i was 14 years old, i never went to crimea. it was my personal decision. and i, i never saw i never particularly liked to ride to the crimea, but in 2014, he has been thinking about it for some time. i think that we will liberate the crimea here, we will have to go to the crimea. yes, you decide to enter the crimea. was it a spontaneous decision or did

you plan it? well, in fact, it turned out very strange. i wouldn't say that it was planned, something spontaneous, it's just strangely not interested in all military weapons. i received several certificates for various types of training both with the americans and with the people of rehlet, but i didn't make it official, since i was a journalist, and a journalist and a weapon. this is a bad combination in in any case, and when, here i am i mentally prepared to go somewhere with my family. i understood. well, the news has already arrived that the enemy forces are advancing towards brovary, and i decided that i would really rather do more with a machine gun than with a microphone at the moment, that even if i don't have they will let me go . they are shooting at the attack there, then i will teach people , uh. because i understand how many unqualified personnel will come

to military service at that time, and that's how it was. the queues were incredible in brovary, well, kilometer long queues to sign up. well, there were trios at each recording points, more part of the work at the beginning was still connected with digging endless trenches there kilometer kilometers around there brovarov villages on brovarskyi district was partially occupied and they did not reach your positions we had two main lines of conflict the first one was for brovary, behind the settlement of gogoliv, there is a small village there, and we had a line of confrontation there and a second one - it was actually a battle for the city of brovary, then you continue your service and already defended uh, other regions of ukraine tell me how the events unfolded further. and uh, where were you transferred, where were you transferred to the service? well,

in the summer there was a clearing of the chernihiv forests. we were there. there were large detachments and the tereo and special forces from these went looking for the remnants of the russian army's underproduction. and well, all this was literally there for a week after that, we were told that we had to go to the donetsk direction to defend bakhmut, which is what we actually started doing in august, and i think at the beginning of november, the last of our fighters were taken out of there, those about whom who do i know for rotation there, it's very difficult there, it's very difficult situation from the very beginning. we were there and defended positions and were in

different directions around bakhmut itself and constant shelling. i didn't say it, but many of those who were in the anti-terrorist operation , then lovys, they say that they don't remember such a thing in donbas. in particular, i'm talking about the constant shelling of artillery that is very strong and just there for 3.4-5 hours and it can pile up and well actually you can't do anything what to do except sit there in the trenches, pray or hope that you will not fly in, we have serious losses there unfortunately for us, unlike our enemies, we lose our best because of the fact that people from all versions of the population joined the army there and very good people died people, my friends, comrades with whom i served there in the last months, it is very difficult. well, probably the most difficult is the losses among my own, in second place is sitting under

constant shelling, but somehow it so happened that direct firefights there were the easiest to all this because they are there 3-4 times a day. as per the schedule, they went to our positions, tried to occupy them, shot at them. well, we did not inflict very serious damage on them. it is difficult, i can state with accuracy at this stage that the losses we inflicted on them in a week are not commensurate with those that we suffered, well, we defended there and kharkiv region was cleared and ours moved in the direction of kherson. okay , i reassure myself that the general situation cool, of course well, it is very difficult there in places, now you are in rehabilitation, you were injured , it was also in the donetsk direction, there are different positions