tea ukrainian soledar wrote yuriy, the new brigade was created after the start of the war and consists entirely of mobilized soldiers, but if the same level of toughness and the same trust in the team were built in other parts of our country, then there would be no problems in this area, and the brigade's combat capability at the highest level the actions of the 46th brigade make it possible to stabilize the situation, it is an example for our other units, i will inform you about the situation here, there were many crises in the summer, but all this is a problem that can be solved now, provided adequate assessing the situation and setting tasks, controllability is the key problem in the position of butusov soledar ukrainian well, he wrote that 95% of the soledar is controlled by the ukrainian armed forces, the deputy of the committee of the verkhovna rada of ukraine on national security, defense and intelligence yuriy mysyagin reports that the soledar is under the control of the ukrainian defense forces it is probably important to note that the 46th separate amphibious assault brigade and

oleksandr e-e pohertytsky note that indeed the difficulty in this area in particular was caused by controllability and problems directionally notes the importance of drones of unmanned aerial vehicles. i think that this is to say about such a discussion that took place between our military, between volunteers and the cabinet of ministers of ukraine, in particular with the ministry of defense, regarding the expediency and impracticality of its problems to put these civilian eyes into ukraine from abroad, some call wedding prayers, which, meanwhile, are very necessary for our defenders. 12:00 in ukraine, this means that our colleague anna eva melnyk is ready to present them on espresso time news. good afternoon, colleagues. thank you for the most important thing, be with us in a few moments

christmas miracle for the first time in ukrainian history the head of the orthodox church celebrated the divine liturgy in the kyiv-pechersk lavra for decades it was the main temple complex of the uoc mp metropolitan epiphany held a service on the occasion of the nativity of christ in the dormition cathedral, this historical event was followed by our correspondent valeriya pashko , colleague, christ was born and tells what people say and what exactly this service means to them, let's praise him today thousands , in fact, it is very difficult to count them because a large number of people were in the holy assumption cathedral watching with their own eyes the divine service conducted by metropolitan

epiphanius. and a large part was just standing here in the yard. by the way, it is now minus 10 in kyiv. it is about quite frosty and people just watched and became the screen installed near this assumption cathedral. people say that they are amazed and happy that ukraine has finally returned to the kiev-pechersk lavra because representatives of the ukrainian orthodox church of the moscow patriarchate were there during this historic event and uptsu could not actually enter this territory , and what are people saying? i ask you to listen, well , it is very important that the ukrainian church truly returns to the saints, and especially now that we see that the russian church has essentially become part of the russian army, it is very important for us to confirm the true meaning of the tomos and from the point of view of national security and from the point of view of faith and from the point of view of our future. so, this is how people with such

wonderful attitudes come to the kyiv-pechersk lavra today from nine to 12:00 christmas morning service was held. and by the way, there were also carols. we heard a ukrainian carol because it is part of the christmas holiday service and they continue here. such a nativity scene came to the kiev-pechersk lavra. and the actual holiday continues, but now people are leaving. i will remind you about the whole situation surrounding the kyiv-pechersk kyiv-pechersk lavra, in fact, for years it was leased indefinitely free of charge by representatives of the uoc mp, but it is a lease for the upper lavra where the assumption church is located the cathedral and happened upon the church was completed at the end of 2022 and its minkul is simply now state property. and the lower lavra

is still occupied by representatives of the uoc mp, but a special commission was created to check how properly the uoc mp used the state property of the kyiv-pechersk reserve all these decades, and if they find out violations, they can transfer the entire lower and upper lavras to the property of the state, i.e. do not lease them to the ukrainian orthodox church of the russian orthodox church, actually today there was only a one-time use of this church with this assumption cathedral to hold a one-time service, but in the future in the ministry of culture they assume that it will be possible to hold a service as well, and maybe they will forever hand over these cathedrals for the use of the church in the studio. thank you for the details. thank you for the good,

pleasant news. the head of the ukrainian orthodox church held a divine liturgy in the kiev-pechersk lavra well, there is also good news and pleasant steps towards peace pope francis congratulated on the occasion of the christmas of the believers of the orthodox churches and catholics of the eastern rite, the pontiff addressed his greetings to the dobrots and sisters of the many suffering ukrainian people and wished god's mercy to instill hope and inspire concrete steps that can finally lead to an end to the fighting. in addition, pope francis called for a lot of prayers for ukraine and for peace and further about the sad thing: three small children from two to four years old, together with their mother, died as a result of a fire in odesa, the tragedy occurred in the village of belyne, in a serious condition with food poisoning the fire hospitalized the father of the family, the cause of the

fire is now being established by rescuers, there will be light if consumed sparingly in the morning , the use of electricity was lower than the day before even due to a significant decrease in temperature, but during the day due to the strengthening of the cold, ukrenergo predicts an increase in the level of consumption, so the limits that apply until 11 p.m. leads to emergency power outages at night, as of today restrictions are not applied in kamiansk in dnipropetrovsk oblast on christmas morning the sounds of explosions, mayor andrii bilousov explained to the residents that the air defense forces shot down a russian drone in the sky, however, an air alert was not announced there, there were no casualties, at the same time, there was minor damage in the city, further operational information from the general staff, the occupiers are being kicked out of

our land, defenders of the past era repelled russian attacks in populated areas stelmakivka makiivka dibrova and belogorivka of luhansk oblast and ozeryanivka saladar krasna gora podhorne bakhmut klischivka salt pervemoyske maryinka and pobeda in donetsk region the enemy is concentrating its main efforts on attempts to completely capture the donetsk region within the administrative border, the invaders are conducting offensive actions in the direction of bakhmut, the muscovites launched one missile strike and fired 20 times from rocket launchers, the armed forces of ukraine responded powerfully . area of ​​concentration of the occupiers, and our units of missile troops and artillery carried out fire damage to four areas of concentration of manpower and military equipment of the enemy as well as his two depots of fuel and lubricants, two dead

and seven wounded, as well as the consequences of enemy shelling during the day in donetsk region, pavlo korolenko, the head of the regional military administration, told about the most injured in the firefight there, a civilian died due to massive strikes, five more people were wounded among which volunteer also damaged at least five private houses in the city, in addition, the day before, the russians set fire to the kurakhiv community, in kurakhiv itself, shells hit two high-rise buildings and the infectious disease department of the hospital in the last one, a medical worker was injured, private houses were also damaged during the night, avdiivka was the epicenter of the invaders' shelling, as well as the communities of toretsk and mariinsky, the attackers hit them with heavy weapons and small arms. injuries were reported by the head of the regional military administration, yaroslav yanushevich,

the civilians were attacked by the occupiers with the artillery of rocket systems of salvo fire itanki mortars in kherson itself. enemy shells hit private and apartment buildings and the territory and buildings of the fire and rescue unit. another 490 russians stopped firing forever. our defenders helped them in this. since the beginning of the full-scale invasion, they will no longer fire 110,000,740 attackers. system, two tanks, one combat armored vehicle, one car, three art systems and two means of anti-aircraft defense of the invaders in the general headquarters clarify that these data are indicative on this i i tell you see you at 15:00

tv sports music education free people have a choice choose what you want on megogo christmas is a time when ordinary things acquire miraculous properties a time to gather together to celebrate and we will decorate our christmas trees even in times of war our christmas trees will become places of strength we will meet christmas together with our military , all together we will become even stronger and as with carols light defeats darkness, so in life ukrainians will defeat the moscow zays

look with sincere eyes at god's son on our land on ukraine a gift came down from heaven to bring this glorified in the eternal vika, merry christmas, join the community with a ukrainian view of the world, become a sponsor of the espresso youtube channel, and this is access to exclusive content , personal thanks, pinned comments , special icons and the possibility of personal communication with the espresso team, click sponsor and become part of the community with a ukrainian view, i'm iryna blacksmith, mother , wife, host of the espresso tv channel. and i'm also a volunteer. our soldiers at the front need a lot of things every day, and that's why part of

my life today is helping the armed forces. forces of ukraine, did i, the author and presenter of television projects, think that i would have to understand such things as thermal imagers , generators, quadcopters, could i, a mother of three children, imagine that just like knowing the principle of operation of a diaper, i would understand the difference between an active and passive night vision device or i, my wife, knew that i would buy my husband not shirts for work but bertie and tactical glasses, but i had to become a volunteer in 2014 because our relatives were on the front lines and they needed our help. everyone of you can still be needed. to help, even a small contribution to the support of the army saves the lives of our soldiers and brings our victory closer, congratulations, friends, vitaly

portnikov and our interlocutor today, historian, professor of harvard university, serhiy plakhi, we are conducting this conversation within the framework of our joint project with the international center of sovereign nations, the reconstruction of the truth, etc. things, i want to start our conversation with this, sergey, because history is actually always a question of the reconstruction of the truth, especially when it comes to the history of a country like ukraine, because i always have i had the impression that ukrainian history was written by the wrong specialists who generally perceived ukraine as something separate and coherent. what can be said is that millions of ukrainians for 100 years perceived their country and even their civilization as a part of other civilizations, first of all, of course

, russian civilization, and what do you think of these 300 300 days are already days of war. they are changing the attitude of ukrainians to their history and the world to the history of ukraine. first of all, thank you for the invitation to this conversation. it is extremely nice to be in your studio. to communicate with your audience and the question of history, the meaning of history in the context of this war, i am extremely important, first of all, this war is a truly historical event, not only when it comes to ukraine, when it comes to the world and world changes. in fact, it is the end of the period of the so-called long peace after the cold war, this is the restructuring of relations in europe in the world in relation to the relations between europe

and russia. intellectuals, including historians, the fathers of eastern european nations are intellectuals, historians such as mykhailo hrushevskyi, but nations are formed and transformed, reformatted in the context of very important, very dramatic and heroic and tragic events, such as he is, and for me there is no doubt that starting since 2014, in fact, tectonic changes began to take place in ukrainian society, including relative interest in history, attitudes to history, and these 300 days of war actually only intensified strengthened these processes, this is of course a challenge for

us, for historians, for the workshop of historians, who for a long time actually wrote for themselves when our degrees, our positions, our career advancement and so on depended solely on the evaluation of colleagues and writing for the general public to be included in social processes was considered to be absolutely not a comilfo part due to the fact that inclusion in these wider social processes by the year 91 actually began to leave history as a field from the side and engage in propaganda that the communist party demanded of us at that time the communist regime has changed but the change of attitude in the professional environment turned out to be an extremely long process and

a more conservative process. one and the same where are we from or are we children where are we moving and key turning points these questions are in the center of public attention this is what is happening today well ukrainian independence itself you do you remember this well in the 90s, it was not connected with the answer to political historical questions, primarily with the answer to an economic question, and then we already had to say that if we cannot answer historical questions, there will always be no questions and why does this state exist at all, how does it differ from neighboring russia, why did it become independent, or did the economy and welfare really become the platform for a huge number of ukrainians

to live in an independent state, and it always seemed that these were all historical questions it is not time that you first need to build a state that is economically very efficient and only then talk about the differences and between those next to russia, it seems to me that there were either absolutely opposite or parallel processes. russia was changing economically, but also politically and historically. this is what the vinnist organism that we see today, this is also a very good question. russia also presented its historical program in ukraine at a time when ukraine itself was not ready to understand itself. what happened in russia was actually a return to pre-soviet narratives related to history and historiography until the 17th year. in ukraine, they also looked for the truth about the

history of hrushevskyi's work in the works of people who worked before the 17th year, but what they found was actually mainly ukrainian . liberal nationalism or national historical paradoxes is what putin and others found when they turned to the russian narrative before the 17th year through the mediation of tsen and others: there was an empire, there was an imperial council, and he actually was very clearly taken up by the state and the state became the main promoter, so to speak, but also the main policeman of this process of historical historical reconstruction of russia, what changed was the same as during the imperial times of the soviet union - this center on the state

, society was actually completely leveled and postpone commissions were created about the true history of the second world war and so on, which not only determined how to write, but also determined how those who do not write would be punished. thus, in that time, what was happening in ukraine was actually a competition of several narratives, from liberal-national to soviet post-soviet to radical nationalist, and this process was that it was quite natural, it was a gradual part with the change of generations, but what did this mean that when the time of tests came, 2014 in particular turned out to be that russia has a very strong aggressive imperial narrative, supported by the state, to which ukraine is actually not ready

, was not ready to respond, that is, look at the st. george tape, for example and the second world war, that is, russia actually came with a very developed, very flexible narrative of the second world war, but the only popular one at a time when the second world war in ukraine became one of the most key moments of disagreement and discussion, the russian narrative turned out to be extremely more flexible. that is, there it was possible to associate oneself with victory, say, in the second world war or participation in the great patriotic war without necessarily associating oneself with communism or not necessarily associating oneself with stalin, while the er-e division in the ukrainian er-e discourse which were supported by russia, reduced to actually

absolute radicalization of views, i.e. if you are ukrainian, if you somehow look at the second world war with ukrainian eyes, you must be from bender, i.e. connection with this same upa, connection with this same liberation war without connection with the radical nationalism of this period was virtually impossible, that is, in this war of narratives in 2014, we found ourselves in a very, very weak position, and this weak position was actually leveled during the last eight years, and this foot on the weight of the ukrainian society met much more ready aware of itself and its history than it was in the 14th year, i know this simply from personal experience from the demand that has appeared for historical literature in ukraine, including for translations of some of my books, but i would like to

clarify about of these two negatives , russian-ukrainian, but first of all, i will clarify about russian, pay attention to the fact that you are talking about the imperial narrative of russian thinking. a state with a small group of national minorities, because ethnic russians make up the majority of the population of the russian federation, it seems to us now 85%, the speakers of the russian language are even more, how can such a state consider itself an empire, how did people manage to convince people that this is an empire when it is just ordinary the national state is an unusual national state, it is on the way to becoming a national state with an extremely strong tradition of existence as an empire, that is, in fact, for the first time, russian

the federation or russia, if we did not define it, received the boundaries of the institution that were separate from the empire only with lenin in 22-23 years when the soviet union was created, but even then the association of russia and the soviet union actually took place both inside russia and outside the soviet union, that is, under during the cold war, russia and the soviet union were substitute words. that is, they were defined as one and the same thing, and to learn to exist as an empire in the context of a modern state, which is still only a form being formed by a national state after centuries of existence in other contexts this is a very, very difficult process, just like how ukrainians learn whether

a national project arose in the struggle against the state in opposition to the state, learn to live in a state that is even one's own state, these are also processes, and this change is also very difficult. it seems to me that in the conditions of the russian-ukrainian war which began in the 14th year, so it continued to be so large-scale this year, it is an extremely serious impetus for reformatting not only the ukrainian identity and our way and the opportunity to live in our own state to appreciate it to use it for society, but it is also an extremely great impetus for reformatting the russian identity, which until now actually serves as the model of the russian empire and the great russian nation, where there is a great dew, there are few dew belarusians, it is all one great nation under this

flag, the war began in the 14th year and continues in this year, after this war, after what is happening in bakhmut, after what happened in kharkiv, mariupol, and so on, a different idea of ​​ourselves, that we should not take, is emerging in ukraine also occurs in russia, and the message about this message is being sent more and more with a load of 200 well, and about the ukrainian peoples, don't you think that the fact that there is now a certain common vision of historical processes and state processes is connected not only now with competition, let's say different scientific approaches and different political approaches, which are not important now from the point of view of the survival of the state and the nation itself, but simply because after the events of 2013-2014, a real political nation began to form, which is no longer

limited by ethnic borders, of course of the ukrainian people, for 100 years, ukrainians tried to keep themselves young, there was no other way. i would say that there was no other council as an ethnic project, but in the ukrainian state , now we see a political project of a political nation and it is developing before our eyes . the project of a political nation was actually formed among the dissidents of the ukrainian jewish community, so to speak, the condominium that was created at that time was extremely important from this point of view . conventionally speaking, sugar and human rights and the democratic process and sushenitsa 's russian nationalism in ukraine within the framework of the helsinki group were a combination of a combination of

national and democratic elements, and ukraine in 1991 arose as a project, at least as a promise of a project of a political nation because of a project nation which tried to implement in the 17-18-19-20s, it was not implemented, that is, it could not protect itself partly due to ethnic, linguistic, religious and so on divisions between cities and villages in particular, the project of 1991 was a project of unification of a ukrainian-speaking village and a russian-speaking place with a multi-ethnic population on the basis of the already territorial idea of ​​the state and the territorial idea of ​​the nation, but it was actually only a promise, the implementation began. or rather, the implementation began already then, but we are the results we saw only in 2014

, we did not know how successful this process was or not, the fact that ukraine survived in 2014-2015 showed that these previous efforts were not yet completely wasted, that is, russia came up with an idea if you speak russian in language, you are russian, your loyalty must be to russia, you must welcome the russian troops, ride on motorola, and so on with flowers, and part of the population did the same, but the majority refused to do it. and the model of this linguistic cultural identity and loyalty was opposed by the idea of that we do not unite around one language, we do not unite around one religion, despite the fact that the symbolic value of the ukrainian language is extremely great, but the war is fought in two languages ​​at least and